A submarine power supply system based on a reversed differential speed hydraulic turbine

Abstract

A kind of seabed power supply system based on reverse differential water turbine, including underwater vehicle, wireless charging and connecting device, support, gravity base, data transmission module, combined reverse water turbine, planetary gear mechanism, magnetic transmission device, static seal cavity and power generation module;The present application utilizes the rotational speed difference of sun gear and gear ring and the torque synthesis of planetary gear, realizes the combination of low-speed high self-starting performance multi-blade water turbine and high-speed high-efficiency H-type water turbine, so that the device has low flow rate start-up characteristic and high-efficiency power generation characteristic simultaneously.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of seabed power supply, and particularly relates to a seabed power supply system based on a reverse differential water turbine. BACKGROUND

[0002] The exploration and development of the ocean, especially the deep sea, rely on the development of marine science and technology. The generation of any marine scientific view and the development of marine disciplines must be based on reliable observation data. The underwater autonomous vehicle is a new type of mobile observation equipment for marine environment, which has an autonomous power and navigation system and can load various sensors to observe the marine environment dynamically and stereoscopically. However, due to the limitation of battery capacity, the operating range and working time of the underwater autonomous vehicle are very limited, and the energy needs to be supplemented by the ship-based recovery station, which greatly limits the observation range of the underwater autonomous vehicle and greatly increases the observation cost. The ocean buoy and the submersible buoy are also important marine observation equipment, and due to the limitation of battery capacity, their operating cycle is less than 60 days, and they cannot observe marine data for a long time. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a seabed power supply system based on a reverse differential water turbine to solve the problem that the seabed observation equipment cannot work continuously for a long time, which limits the observation range of the underwater autonomous vehicle and greatly increases the observation cost.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A seabed power supply system based on a reverse differential water turbine, comprising an underwater vehicle, a wireless charging and connecting device, a support, a gravity base, a data transmission module, a combined reverse water turbine, a planetary gear mechanism, a magnetic transmission device, a static sealing cavity and a power generation module; the static sealing cavity is arranged on the gravity base, and the power generation module is arranged inside the static sealing cavity; one end of the support is arranged on the side of the static sealing cavity, the top of the combined reverse water turbine is connected to the other end of the support, the bottom of the combined reverse water turbine is connected to the power generation module through the magnetic transmission device, and the planetary gear mechanism is arranged inside the combined reverse water turbine for torque synthesis and transmission; the wireless charging and connecting device is arranged on the support and connected to the power generation module for power supply to the underwater vehicle; and the data transmission module is connected to the support for data transmission of the underwater vehicle.

[0006] Further, the combined reverse water turbine comprises a three-blade H-type water turbine, a resistance type multi-blade water turbine and a two-blade water turbine; the three-blade H-type water turbine is located above the resistance type multi-blade water turbine, the two-blade water turbine is arranged on the inner side of the three-blade H-type water turbine, and the two-blade water turbine and the three-blade H-type water turbine are connected to the resistance type multi-blade water turbine through the planetary gear mechanism.

[0007] Further, the three-blade H-type water turbine is fixed by the upper and lower end plates, a center shaft is arranged between the center points of the two end plates, the two-blade water turbine is arranged between the end plates on the inner side of the three-blade H-type water turbine, and the blades of the two-blade water turbine are semicircular blades; the diameter of the two-blade water turbine is half of that of the three-blade H-type water turbine; and the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine is fixed by the upper and lower end plates, and a center shaft is arranged between the center points of the two end plates.

[0008] Further, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a sun gear, a planet gear, an outer gear ring, a gear transmission rod and a center gear; the sun gear is connected with the center shaft of the three-blade H-type water turbine, the outer gear ring is arranged at the center of the lower end plate of the three-blade H-type water turbine, the outer gear ring is connected with the cylindrical cavity of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine, the cylindrical cavity connects the upper and lower end plates of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine, a plurality of planet gears are arranged between the sun gear and the outer gear ring, one of the planet gears is engaged with the center gear through the gear transmission rod, and the center gear is located at the center of the lower end plate of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine.

[0009] Further, the magnetic transmission device comprises an upper magnetic transmission device and a lower magnetic transmission device, each of the upper magnetic transmission device and the lower magnetic transmission device comprises a plurality of center-symmetrically arranged permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are magnetized in the thickness direction, and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are arranged in opposite directions; the center gear is connected with the upper magnetic transmission component, the upper magnetic transmission device is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the combined reverse water turbine, and the lower magnetic transmission device is arranged in the static sealing cavity and connected with the power generation module.

[0010] Further, the other end of the support is connected with the top of the combined reverse water turbine through the magnetic levitation support device; the magnetic levitation support device comprises a support device shell, an external passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing, an internal passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing and a top device; the external passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing is nested in the support device shell, the internal passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing is arranged on the outside of the top device, the external passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing and the internal passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing are radially magnetized, the inner ring and the outer ring have different magnetic poles, and the outer part of the inner ring and the inner part of the outer ring have the same magnetic field; the inner ring of the passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing is connected with the end of the center shaft of the combined reverse water turbine through the top device, and the outer ring of the passive permanent magnetic levitation bearing is arranged in the support device shell and connected with the support.

[0011] Further, the support is further provided with a sensor system, and the underwater vehicle transmits data through the sensor system together with the data of the buoy sensor system to the command unit through the buoy.

[0012] Further, the data transmission module comprises a buoy sensor system, an underwater cable and a buoy; one end of the underwater cable is connected to the buoy, and the other end is connected to the sensor system; the buoy sensor system is arranged on the underwater cable.

[0013] Further, the buoy sensor system comprises a wheeled system, a sensor system, a control system and an energy storage module, a wireless charging system and a sealed shell; the sensor system and the wheeled system are arranged outside the sealed shell; the wheeled system is connected to the underwater cable and is used for vertical movement; the control system and the energy storage module and the wireless charging system are arranged inside the sealed shell; the wireless charging system is connected to the control system and the energy storage module; and the control system and the energy storage module are connected to the wheeled system.

[0014] Further, the power generation module comprises a permanent magnet generator and an energy storage system; the permanent magnet generator is connected to a magnetic transmission device; and the energy storage system is connected to the permanent magnet generator; the underwater autonomous vehicle comprises an underwater autonomous vehicle main body, a wireless charging device and an observation system; the wireless charging device is installed at the head of the underwater autonomous vehicle main body; and the observation system is installed on the upper part of the underwater autonomous vehicle main body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following technical effects:

[0016] The present application provides a seabed power supply system based on a reverse combination water turbine; the deep-sea observation system is composed of an underwater autonomous vehicle, a deep-sea base station and a buoy system. The deep-sea base station utilizes the deep-sea current energy to provide energy for the underwater autonomous vehicle and the sensors carried by the underwater autonomous vehicle, and does not need to be docked for a long time by a scientific research ship to supplement energy. The underwater autonomous vehicle is continuously provided with energy in a wireless charging mode. Meanwhile, the reverse combination water turbine has the high power generation efficiency of the H-type water turbine and the low flow rate high starting characteristic of the multi-blade resistance type water turbine; the two kinds of water turbines are combined through a planetary gear device, so that the torque is synthesized, and the rotation speed of the generator is higher than that of the single resistance type water turbine.

[0017] The present application utilizes the rotation speed difference between the sun gear and the gear ring and the torque synthesis of the planetary gear to realize the combination of the multi-blade water turbine with the low rotation speed and high self-starting performance and the H-type water turbine with the high rotation speed and high efficiency, so that the device has the low flow rate starting characteristic and the high efficiency power generation characteristic. Meanwhile, based on the characteristics of the planetary gear, the torque of the two independent water turbines with different rotation speeds is synthesized on the planetary gear, so that the single generator generates power, and the rotation speed of the generator is increased. Finally, the water turbine is installed in the underwater monitoring unit as a power generation end. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a system assembly diagram;

[0019] Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of a power generation unit and a transmission unit;

[0020] Figure 3 is an axonometric perspective view of a combined reverse water turbine;

[0021] Figure 4 is a surface axonometric view of a combined reverse water turbine;

[0022] Figure 5 is an internal schematic view of a planetary gear mechanism;

[0023] Figure 6 is an axonometric perspective view (left) and an internal structure perspective view (right) of a magnetic levitation support device;

[0024] Figure 7 is a top view of an upper magnetic transmission device and a lower magnetic transmission device;

[0025] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view (left) and a wireless charging schematic view (right) of a buoy sensor system;

[0026] Figure 9 is an axonometric view of an underwater autonomous vehicle;

[0027] Figure 10 is a working schematic view of a seabed power supply system based on a reverse differential water turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily indicate a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data thus used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but can include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10A seabed power supply system based on a reverse combination water turbine, comprising a support 1, a supporting device 2, a combination reverse water turbine 3, wherein the combination reverse water turbine 3 comprises an upper three-blade H-type water turbine 31, a lower resistance type multi-blade water turbine 32 and a lift type two-blade water turbine 33 inside the three-blade water turbine 31, a planetary gear mechanism 4, a magnetic transmission device 5 on both sides of the rotating shaft, a static sealing cavity 6, the static sealing cavity 6 comprising a generator 61, a rechargeable battery 62, an underwater vehicle 7, a wireless charging and connecting device 8, a gravity base 9, a sensor system 10, a buoy sensor system 11, an underwater cable 12 and a buoy 13.

[0031] The core technology of the present application is a reverse water turbine based on a planetary gear device, which utilizes the speed difference between the sun gear and the gear ring and the torque synthesis of the planetary gear to realize the combination of a multi-blade water turbine with low speed and high self-starting performance and an H-type water turbine with high speed and high efficiency, so that the device has low flow rate starting characteristics and high power generation characteristics. At the same time, based on the characteristics of the planetary gear, the torques of two independent water turbines with different speeds are synthesized on the planetary gear, realizing single-generator power generation and improving the speed of the generator. Finally, the water turbine is installed in the underwater monitoring unit as a power generation end.

[0032] Figure 1 is a system assembly diagram, wherein the support 1, the static sealing cavity 6 and the gravity base 9 are integrated structures. The static sealing cavity 6 has a half magnetic transmission device 5, a generator 61 connected with the magnetic transmission device and an energy storage battery 62; the wireless charging and connecting device 8 and the sensor system 10 are installed on the side of the support 1, and the buoy sensor system is installed above the support 1; the support and the gravity base realize the axial and radial support of the combination water turbine 3 through two supporting devices 2. The other half of the magnetic transmission device is installed on the bottom end plate of the H-type water turbine, and non-contact transmission is realized through magnetic force, avoiding the use of dynamic sealing technology underwater. The underwater vehicle 7 can be charged and sustained by the wireless charging and connecting device 8 at the power generation base, and data transmission is realized through the sensor system 10. The data of the buoy sensor system 11 is transmitted to the command unit through the buoy 13.

[0033] Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the power generation unit and the transmission unit. The power generation unit is the combination reverse water turbine 3, which is axially and radially supported by the supporting device 2 located at the upper end of the support and the supporting device 2 located in the static sealing cavity. The upper magnetic transmission device 51 is the power output end of the water turbine, and the upper magnetic transmission device 51 transmits torque to the lower magnetic transmission device 52 connected with the generator main shaft, which is the power input end of the generator, thereby realizing non-contact transmission of the water turbine and the generator and avoiding the use of dynamic sealing technology underwater.

[0034] Figure 3is the core innovation point of the present application, the axial perspective view of the combined reverse water turbine. The combined reverse water turbine comprises a combined reverse water turbine 3 and a planetary gear assembly 4. The combined reverse water turbine comprises a three-blade H-type water turbine 31, which has a high tip speed ratio and high efficiency characteristics, but poor self-starting performance. The upper and lower ends of the water turbine are provided with two end plates, which function to reduce flow loss at the blade tip and serve as a fixing device for the blades. The three-blade H-type water turbine 31 is fixed by the end plates under water. Meanwhile, a semicircular-blade water turbine 33 is installed inside the three-blade H-type water turbine 31, which is also fixed by the end plates of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31. The two water turbines rotate simultaneously, and the diameter of the semicircular-blade water turbine 33 is half that of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31. Such a size can exert the starting performance of the semicircular-blade water turbine 33 while having little effect on the performance of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31. The two water turbines are connected to the sun gear 41 of the planetary gear device 4. The lower part is a resistance-type multi-blade water turbine 32, which has a low tip speed ratio, high starting characteristics, but low efficiency. The blades of the water turbine are also fixed by two end plates and connected to the outer gear ring 43. Due to the torque synthesis characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism, the input torque (M1) of the sun gear 41 and the input torque (M2) of the outer gear ring 43 can be synthesized to input the planetary gear 42. The synthesis relationship is M1 / R1+M2 / R2=M / (R1+R2), wherein R1 is the radius of the sun gear 41, and R2 is the radius of the outer gear ring 43. The biggest innovation of the combination of the planetary gear mechanism and the reverse differential water turbine lies in the combination of the high speed and high efficiency characteristics of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31 and the low speed and high starting characteristics of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine 32, so that the two water turbines with large difference in optimal operating speed can operate in their respective suitable working conditions, realize the functions of reverse and differential speed, and synthesize the torques of the two non-coaxial water turbines to one shaft. Another innovation of the combination of the planetary gear and the reverse differential water turbine lies in that the size of the planetary gear mechanism is smaller than that of the water turbine. The design of the mechanism only needs to meet the transmission ratio of the sun gear 41 and the outer gear ring 43 and the strength requirement of the mechanism itself. Under this condition, the radius of the water turbine can be expanded.

[0035] Figure 4 is the surface axial view of the combined reverse water turbine, from which the installation mode of the three water turbines can be seen. The lower end plate of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31 and the upper end plate of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine 32 maintain a gap, and the lower end plate of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine 32 and the upper magnetic transmission device 51 maintain a gap.

[0036] Figure 5Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planetary gear mechanism, in which the sun gear 41 is connected to the central shaft of the three-blade H-type water turbine 31, the outer gear ring 43 is connected to the central cylindrical cavity of the resistance-type multi-blade water turbine 42, the planet gear 42, which can only rotate, combines the input torque of the sun gear 41 and the outer gear ring 43, and the torque is transmitted to the central gear 45 through the gear at the end of the gear transmission rod 44. The central gear 45 is connected to the upper magnetic transmission device 51, and finally the torque is transmitted to the lower magnetic transmission device 52, driving the generator 61 to generate electricity. The structure of the gear at the end of the gear transmission rod 44 is the same as that of the planet gear 43, and the structure of the central gear 45 is the same as that of the sun gear 41.

[0037] Figure 6 Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the magnetic suspension support device (left) and a perspective view of the internal structure (right). The external structure of the magnetic suspension support device 2 is composed of a support device shell 21, and the internal structure of the magnetic suspension support device 2 is composed of an external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 22, an internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 23, and a tassel device 24. The external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 22 is nested inside the support device shell 21, and the internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 23 is installed outside the tassel 24. The magnetization mode of the external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 22 and the internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 23 is radial magnetization, and the inside and outside of the ring have different magnetic poles. Among them, the outside of the inner ring and the inside of the outer ring have the same magnetic field. The inner ring of the passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 22 is connected to the end of the central shaft of the combined reverse water turbine 3 through the tassel 24, and the outer ring of the passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing 22 is installed in the support device shell 21 to connect with the support 1, generating radial stable force by the action of the magnetic field. The tassel 24 contacts the support device shell 21 to generate axial stable force, thereby fixing the position of the combined reverse water turbine 3, so that it can only rotate in the axial direction.

[0038] Figure 7Fig. 5 is a top view of the upper magnetic transmission device 51 (left) and the lower magnetic transmission device 52. The magnetic transmission device 5 is composed of two groups of several center-symmetrically installed permanent magnets, which are magnetized in the thickness direction, and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are installed in opposite directions. The upper magnetic transmission device 51 is installed on the lower bottom surface of the combined reverse-type water turbine 3, and the lower half of the magnetic transmission device 5 is installed inside the static sealing cavity 6 and connected coaxially with the permanent magnet generator. The installation direction of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet is opposite to that of the adjacent permanent magnet. Due to the principle of opposite poles attracting and like poles repelling, torque can be transmitted in the case of misalignment of the magnetic transmission. This non-contact transmission can tailor the dynamic sealing assembly, so that the static sealing cavity 6 adopts the whole static sealing, greatly reducing the risk of leakage. In addition, the ratio of the upper and lower rotational speeds of the magnetic transmission device is equal to the number of magnetic poles of the upper and lower parts of the magnetic transmission device, so the number of magnetic poles can be controlled to achieve different speed-up ratios, thereby tailoring the vulnerable component of the speed-up machine (gearbox). Further increase the stability and reliability of the system.

[0039] Figure 8 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the buoy sensor system. The buoy sensor system 11 is composed of a wheeled system 111, a sensor system 112, a control system and energy storage module 113, a wireless charging system 114 and a sealed shell 115. The buoy sensor system 11 moves vertically on the underwater cable 12 through the wheeled system 111. In this process, the sensor system 112 measures hydrological data. During operation, the energy of the wheeled system 111 and the sensor system 112 is provided by the control system and energy storage module 113. When the energy in the control system and energy storage module 113 is less than the critical value, it is lowered to the bottom of the underwater cable 12, and charged and information exchanged through the wireless charging device and the connecting device 8 installed in the deep-sea base station.

[0040] Figure 9 Fig. 2 is an isometric view of the underwater autonomous vehicle 7. The underwater autonomous vehicle 7 is composed of an underwater autonomous vehicle body 72, a wireless charging device 73 and an observation system 71. The wireless charging device 72 is installed at the head of the underwater autonomous vehicle body 7. The observation system 73 is installed on the upper part of the underwater autonomous vehicle body 7.

[0041] Figure 10It is a working schematic of a seabed power supply system based on a reversing differential hydraulic turbine. The deep-sea base station is installed and fixed to the seabed by a research ship. Single or several underwater autonomous vehicles are released into the nearby sea area by the research ship, and cruise near the deep-sea base station. The underwater autonomous vehicle carries a detection device to measure hydrological data for a long time. The combined reversing water turbine 3 rotates under the action of water flow, converting the kinetic energy in the sea current into mechanical energy of the combined reversing water turbine 3, and transmitting the mechanical energy to the permanent magnet generator 61 through the magnetic transmission device 5, thereby converting it into electrical energy and transmitting it to the energy storage system 62 in the form of chemical energy. In the case of low energy level of the underwater autonomous vehicle, it moves to the deep-sea base station near the wireless charging device and the connecting device 8, and the electrical energy in the deep-sea base station is transferred to the underwater autonomous vehicle through wireless charging to realize the long-time cruise of the underwater autonomous vehicle, and the hydrological information is transmitted to the deep-sea base station through wireless information transmission. This working mode can also be worked by one deep-sea base station with several underwater autonomous vehicles, or by several deep-sea base stations with several underwater autonomous vehicles to obtain higher system stability. The buoy sensor system 11 moves vertically on the underwater cable 12 through the wheel system 111. In this process, the sensor system 112 measures hydrological data. During operation, the energy of the wheel system 111 and the sensor system 112 is provided by the control system and the energy storage module 113. When the energy in the control system and the energy storage module 113 is less than the critical value, it is lowered to the bottom of the underwater cable 12, and charged and information exchanged through the wireless charging device and the connecting device 8 installed in the deep-sea base station. The deep-sea base station uploads data to the satellite through the buoy 13 floating on the water surface, and receives real-time control commands transmitted by the satellite through the buoy.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A subsea power supply system based on a reversing differential hydraulic turbine, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of underwater vehicle (7), wireless charging and connecting device (8), support (1), gravity base (9), data transmission module, combined reverse type water turbine (3), planetary gear mechanism (4), magnetic transmission device (5), static sealed cavity (6) and power generation module;Static sealed cavity (6) is arranged on gravity base (9), and power generation module is arranged inside static sealed cavity (6);One end of support (1) is arranged at the side of static sealed cavity (6), and the other end of support (1) is connected to the top of combined reverse type water turbine (3), and the bottom of combined reverse type water turbine (3) is connected to power generation module by magnetic transmission device (5), and planetary gear mechanism (4) is arranged inside combined reverse type water turbine (3), for torque synthesis and transmission;Wireless charging and connecting device (8) is arranged on support (1), and is connected to power generation module, for power supply to underwater vehicle (7); Data transmission module is connected to support (1), for data transmission of underwater vehicle (7); Combined reverse type water turbine (3) includes three-blade H type water turbine (31), resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32) and two-blade water turbine (33);Three-blade H type water turbine (31) is located above resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32), and two-blade water turbine (33) is arranged inside three-blade H type water turbine (31), and two-blade water turbine (33) and three-blade H type water turbine (31) are connected to resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32) by planetary gear mechanism (4); Three-blade H type water turbine (31) is fixed by two end plates, and center shaft is arranged between the center points of two end plates, and two-blade water turbine (33) is arranged between the end plates inside three-blade H type water turbine (31), and the blade of two-blade water turbine (33) is semicircular blade;The diameter of two-blade water turbine (33) is half of three-blade H type water turbine (31);Resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32) is fixed by two end plates, and center shaft is arranged between the center points of two end plates.

2. A power supply system based on a reverse differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Planetary gear mechanism (4) includes sun gear (41), planet gear (42), outer gear ring (43), gear transmission rod (44) and center gear (45);Sun gear (41) is connected to the center shaft of three-blade H type water turbine (31), outer gear ring (43) is arranged at the center of lower end plate of three-blade H type water turbine (31), outer gear ring (43) is connected to the cylindrical cavity of resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32), the cylindrical cavity connects the upper and lower two end plates of resistance type multi-blade water turbine, a plurality of planet gears (42) are arranged between sun gear (41) and outer gear ring (43), and one planet gear (42) is engaged by gear transmission rod (44) and center gear (45);Center gear (45) is located at the center of lower end plate of resistance type multi-blade water turbine (32).

3. A power supply system based on a reversed differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic transmission device (5) comprises an upper magnetic transmission device (51) and a lower magnetic transmission device (52), the upper magnetic transmission device (51) and the lower magnetic transmission device (52) each comprise a plurality of centrally symmetrical permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are magnetized in a thickness direction, and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are oppositely arranged; the central gear (45) is connected with the upper magnetic transmission device (51), and the upper magnetic transmission device (51) is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the combined reverse water turbine (3); and the lower magnetic transmission device (52) is arranged in the static sealing cavity (6) and connected with the power generation module.

4. A power supply system based on a reverse differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the combined reverse water turbine (3) is connected with the other end of the support (1) through the magnetic suspension support device (2); the magnetic suspension support device (2) comprises a support device shell (21), an external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (22), an internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (23) and a tip device (24); the external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (22) is nested in the support device shell (21), and the internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (23) is arranged outside the tip device (24); the external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (22) and the internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (23) are radially magnetized; the inner ring of the internal passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (23) is connected with the central shaft end of the combined reverse water turbine (3) through the tip device (24), and the outer ring of the external passive permanent magnetic suspension bearing (22) is arranged in the support device shell (21) and connected with the support (1).

5. A power supply system based on a reverse differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support (1) is further provided with a sensor system (10), and the underwater vehicle (7) transmits data through the sensor system (10) and the data of the buoy sensor system (11) to the command unit through the buoy (13).

6. A power supply system based on a reversing differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data transmission module comprises the buoy sensor system (11), an underwater cable (12) and the buoy (13); one end of the underwater cable (12) is connected with the buoy (13), the other end is connected with the sensor system (10), and the buoy sensor system (11) is arranged on the underwater cable (12).

7. A power supply system based on a reversing differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The buoy sensor system (11) comprises a wheel system (111), a sensor module (112), a control system and an energy storage module (113), a wireless charging system (114) and a sealed shell (115); the sensor module (112) and the wheel system (111) are arranged outside the sealed shell (115), the wheel system (111) is connected with the underwater cable (12) and used for vertical movement; the control system and the energy storage module (113) and the wireless charging system (114) are arranged in the sealed shell (115), the wireless charging system (114) is connected with the control system and the energy storage module (113), and the control system and the energy storage module (113) are connected with the wheel system (111).

8. A power supply system based on a reversed differential hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation module comprises a permanent magnet generator (61) and an energy storage system (62); the permanent magnet generator (61) is connected with the magnetic transmission device (5), and the energy storage system (62) is connected with the permanent magnet generator (61); the underwater vehicle (7) comprises an underwater autonomous vehicle body (72), a wireless charging device (73) and an observation system (71); the wireless charging device (73) is installed at the head of the underwater autonomous vehicle body (72), and the observation system (71) is installed on the upper portion of the underwater autonomous vehicle body (72).

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