Moored Deep-Sea Observation System Based on Counter-Rotating Propeller Turbine Clusters

Abstract

This invention proposes a moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical turbine cluster, comprising a buoyancy device, a magnetic levitation support device, a counter-rotating helical turbine cluster, a planetary gear mechanism, a magnetic transmission device, a low-resistance sealed cavity, a power generation module, a deep-sea base station, an underwater autonomous vehicle (AUV), and a current-collecting turbine installation device. The mooring system utilizes deep-sea currents to power the AUV, eliminating the need for the research vessel to dock for extended periods for refueling. Power is supplied to the AUV via wireless charging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deep-sea observation technology, and specifically relates to a moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical blade turbines. Background Technology

[0002] The exploration and development of the ocean, especially the deep sea, depends on the development of marine science and technology. The emergence of any marine scientific perspective and the development of marine disciplines must be based on reliable observational data. Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are a new type of mobile marine environmental observation equipment. They possess autonomous power and navigation systems and can be equipped with various sensors to conduct dynamic and three-dimensional observations of the marine environment. However, due to limitations in battery capacity, the operating range and time of AUVs are very limited, requiring ship-based recovery stations for energy replenishment. This significantly restricts the observation range of AUVs and greatly increases observation costs. Ocean buoys and moorings are also important marine observation equipment. Similarly, due to battery capacity limitations, their operating cycle is less than 60 days, preventing them from observing marine data for extended periods. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical blade turbines to solve the problems of small observation range and high observation cost.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical turbine cluster includes a buoyancy device, a magnetic levitation support device, the counter-rotating helical turbine cluster, a planetary gear mechanism, a magnetic transmission device, a low-resistance sealed cavity, a gravity block, a power generation module, a deep-sea base station, an underwater autonomous vehicle, and a flow-collecting turbine mounting device. The flow-collecting turbine mounting device is located on the low-resistance sealed cavity, the buoyancy device is connected to the flow-collecting turbine mounting device and the low-resistance sealed cavity, the power generation module is located inside the low-resistance sealed cavity and connected to the deep-sea base station, which powers the underwater autonomous vehicle. The counter-rotating helical turbine cluster is located inside the flow-collecting turbine mounting device and between the vertically and horizontally arranged planetary gear mechanisms. The upper and lower ends of the counter-rotating helical turbine cluster are connected to the flow-collecting turbine mounting device and the low-resistance sealed cavity respectively through the magnetic levitation support device. The bottom of the counter-rotating helical turbine cluster is connected to the power generation module through the magnetic transmission device.

[0006] Furthermore, the planetary gear mechanism includes a sun gear, an external gear ring, planet gears, and a connecting shaft; a sun gear is provided at both ends of the connecting shaft, an external gear ring is provided outside the sun gear, and two planet gears are provided between the external gear ring and the sun gear, with the centers of the two planet gears connected by a planet carrier.

[0007] Furthermore, the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster includes two identical drag-type helical blade turbines, which are positioned between planetary gears at both ends of the connecting shaft. The two drag-type helical blade turbines are arranged symmetrically at 180° and rotate in opposite directions. Each turbine has circular end plates at the top and bottom, which connect to the planetary gears. The height-to-diameter ratio of the drag-type helical blade turbines is between 2 and 3. The distance between the rotation centers of adjacent turbines is 1.2 to 2 times the turbine diameter, and the phase difference between the two turbines is 90 degrees.

[0008] Furthermore, the power generation module includes a dual-rotor generator and a rechargeable battery; the dual-rotor generator is connected to the rechargeable battery, and the dual-rotor generator includes an inner rotor and an outer rotor.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetic transmission device includes a first magnetic transmission device, a second magnetic transmission device, a third magnetic transmission device, and a fourth magnetic transmission device; a mounting ring is provided above the first magnetic transmission device, and the mounting ring above the first magnetic transmission device is connected to the external gear ring; the main shaft at the center of the third magnetic transmission device is connected to the sun gear; a mounting ring is provided below the second magnetic transmission device, and the mounting ring below the second magnetic transmission device is connected to the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator; the central shaft below the fourth magnetic transmission device is connected to the inner rotor of the dual-rotor generator; the magnetic transmission device consists of two sets of several centrally symmetrically mounted permanent magnets, the permanent magnets are magnetized in the thickness direction, the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are installed in opposite ways, and the magnetic pole installation direction of the permanent magnets is opposite to the installation direction of the adjacent permanent magnets.

[0010] Furthermore, the rechargeable battery is connected to the deep-sea base station via an underwater cable. The deep-sea base station includes a pressure-resistant shell, a sensor system, and a wireless charging and connection device. The wireless charging and connection device and the sensor system are installed on the side of the pressure-resistant shell. A control and energy storage device is installed inside the pressure-resistant shell. The control device replenishes the wireless charging and connection device and the sensor system with the power of the rechargeable battery.

[0011] Furthermore, the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster is axially and radially supported by a support device located at the upper end of the inflow turbine installation device and a support device located in the static sealed cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, the support device includes a support device shell, an external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing, an internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing, and a spindle tip device; the external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing is nested inside the support device shell, and the internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing is installed outside the spindle tip; the external and internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearings are magnetized by radiation, and the inside and outside of the rings have different magnetic poles, with the outside of the inner ring and the inside of the outer ring having the same magnetic field; the inner ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing is connected to the end of the central shaft of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster through the spindle tip, and the outer ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing is installed on the support device shell, thereby connecting with the coaxial turbine installation device and the static sealing cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the co-flow turbine installation device is a structure with two semi-arc axisymmetrically arranged components, including a co-flow inlet, a parallel channel, and a diffuser outlet, wherein the inlet and outlet have the same structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the underwater autonomous vehicle includes an underwater autonomous vehicle body, a wireless charging device, an observation system, and a fin-shaped antenna; the wireless charging device is installed at the head of the underwater autonomous vehicle body, and the observation system and the fin-shaped antenna are installed on the upper part of the underwater autonomous vehicle body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0016] This invention proposes a moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical turbines. This system comprises an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and a mooring system. The mooring system utilizes deep-sea currents to power the AUV, eliminating the need for the research vessel to dock for extended periods for refueling. Power is supplied to the AUV wirelessly. Furthermore, the proposed system utilizes a planetary gear system to integrate two identical counter-rotating drag-type helical turbines into a power generation array. The power from both turbines is transmitted to a dual-rotor motor via a sun gear, external gear ring, and magnetic transmission device, ultimately powering an energy storage battery. This not only achieves torque synthesis but also results in a higher generator speed compared to individual drag-type turbines.

[0017] This invention utilizes a planetary gear system to combine two drag-type counter-rotating helical turbines into a high-power generator cluster. The two turbines are mounted on two planetary gears fixed to the shaft, rotating in opposite directions to balance the torque of the entire system while ensuring a turbine spacing and phase angle favorable for coupling gain. Leveraging the torque-splitting function of the planetary gear system, the resultant torque of the two turbines is distributed to the external gear ring and the sun gear. Both the sun gear and the external gear ring are connected to magnetic transmission devices. The magnetic transmission device connected to the sun gear transmits torque to the magnetic transmission device connected to the generator's inner rotor, while the magnetic transmission device connected to the external gear ring transmits torque to the magnetic transmission device connected to the generator's outer rotor. This achieves the transfer of torque from the drag-type helical turbine cluster to the dual-rotor generator via non-contact transmission technology. The electrical energy generated by this generator is used to charge the underwater autonomous vehicle. This technology can input the power of multiple turbines into a single generator, saving on generator components. By leveraging the advantages of planetary gear systems, the torque and power of two counter-rotating helical blade turbines are combined, and the rotation center distance between adjacent turbines is maintained at 1.2 to 2 times the turbine diameter according to the design. This achieves a coupling gain effect between the turbines, further increasing power generation, and ensuring that the phase difference between the two turbines is 90 degrees, further enhancing the coupling gain effect. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the system assembly diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the system of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a partial perspective view of the power generation unit and the transmission unit.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side perspective view of the power generation unit and the transmission unit.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a surface view of the power generation unit and the transmission unit.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a planetary gear.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the installation and assembly of the magnetic drive device.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a top view of the magnetic transmission device.

[0026] Figure 9 This is an isometric perspective view of the magnetic levitation support device.

[0027] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of an autonomous underwater vehicle.

[0028] Figure 11 Front view (left) and side view (right) of attitude adjustment for a moored deep-sea observation system.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the system's operation. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 12 The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical turbine cluster includes a floating body 1, a magnetic levitation support device 2, a counter-rotating helical turbine cluster 3, a planetary gear mechanism 4, magnetic transmission devices on both sides of the shaft 5, a low-resistance sealed cavity 6, which includes a dual-rotor generator 61, a rechargeable battery 62, a lower gravity block 7, a floating block connecting rod 8, a flow-collecting turbine mounting device 9, an underwater cable 10, a wireless charging and connection system 11, a sensor system 12, a deep-sea base station pressure-resistant shell 13, and an underwater autonomous vehicle 14.

[0033] The core technology of this patent is the use of a planetary gear system to combine two drag-type counter-rotating helical turbines into a high-power generator cluster. The two turbines are mounted on two planetary gears fixed to the shaft, with the two rotors rotating in opposite directions to balance the torque of the entire system while ensuring a rotor spacing and phase angle favorable for coupling gain. Utilizing the torque-splitting function of the planetary gear system, the resultant torque of the two turbines is distributed to the external gear ring and the sun gear. Both the sun gear and the external gear ring are connected to magnetic transmission devices. The magnetic transmission device connected to the sun gear transmits torque to the magnetic transmission device connected to the inner rotor of the generator, while the magnetic transmission device connected to the external gear ring transmits torque to the magnetic transmission device connected to the outer rotor of the generator. This achieves the transfer of torque from the drag-type helical turbine cluster to the dual-rotor generator via non-contact transmission technology. The electrical energy generated by this generator is used to charge the underwater autonomous vehicle. This technology can input the power of multiple turbines into a single generator, saving on generator components. By leveraging the advantages of planetary gear systems, the torque and power of two counter-rotating helical blade turbines are combined, and the rotation center distance between adjacent turbines is maintained at 1.2 to 2 times the turbine diameter according to the design. This achieves a coupling gain effect between the turbines, further increasing power generation, and ensuring that the phase difference between the two turbines is 90 degrees, further enhancing the coupling gain effect.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a system assembly diagram. The upper floating body 1 is connected to the upper part of the inflow turbine mounting device 9 via four upper floating body mounting rods 8. The inflow turbine mounting device 9 is installed together with the low-resistance sealing cavity 6. A gravity block 7 is installed at the lower part of the low-resistance sealing cavity 6. A counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 is installed between the inflow turbine mounting device 9 and the low-resistance sealing cavity 6 and is fixed by a magnetic levitation support device 2. The counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 includes two helical blade turbines 31 installed 180° symmetrically, rotating in opposite directions. The two turbines are combined together via a planetary gear device 4. The resultant torque of the two turbines is transmitted to a dual-rotor generator 61 via a magnetic transmission device 5, thereby storing electrical energy in a rechargeable battery 62. The power from the rechargeable battery 62 is transmitted to the deep-sea base station via an underwater cable 10 and wirelessly charges the underwater autonomous vehicle 14. The entire device consists of a deep-sea base station located on the seabed and a power generation system suspended in the seawater, which are connected and transmit power via an underwater cable. The power generation system relies on the buoyancy of the floating body to balance the gravity of the turbine, generator, etc. to ensure its suspension in the seawater, and then uses the flow in the middle layer of the deep sea to increase the power generation.

[0035] Figure 3This is a partial perspective view of the power generation unit and the transmission unit. The power generation unit is the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3. The turbine 3 is axially and radially supported by the support device 2 located at the upper end of the coaxial turbine mounting device 9 and the magnetic levitation support device 2 of the low-resistance sealed cavity 6. The resultant torque of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 is transmitted to the sun gear 41 and the external gear ring 43 respectively through a planetary gear device. The first magnetic transmission device 511 connected to the sun gear 41 transmits torque to the second magnetic transmission device 512 connected to the inner rotor of the generator 61. The third magnetic transmission device 521 connected to the external gear ring 43 transmits torque to the fourth magnetic transmission device 522 connected to the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61. This achieves the transmission of torque from the drag-type helical blade turbine cluster 3 to the dual-rotor generator 61 through non-contact transmission technology, thus realizing non-contact transmission between the turbine and the generator and avoiding the use of dynamic sealing technology underwater. The electricity generated by the dual-rotor generator 61 is stored in the battery 62.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a side perspective view of the power generation unit and transmission unit, with the counter-rotating helical turbine cluster 3 located at the center of the co-current turbine mounting device 9. The co-current turbine mounting device 9 is an axisymmetric structure consisting of a co-current inlet, a parallel channel, and a diffuser outlet. The inlet and outlet have identical structures. The advantage of this design lies first in improving the power generation capacity of the counter-rotating helical turbine cluster 3 through inlet co-current collection and outlet diffuser functions. More importantly, the curvature design of the inlet and outlet enables a function similar to automatic yaw. Because the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid of the upper float 1 is parallel to the parallel channel of the co-current turbine mounting device 9, the resistance at the co-current inlet is minimized when facing the incoming flow. The curvature design of the co-current inlet and diffuser outlet ensures that when the flow direction changes, the fluid acting on the outer surface of the co-current turbine mounting device 9 generates a deflection force, thus producing an automatic yaw effect.

[0037] Figure 5This is an assembly diagram of the transmission components of the present invention. The power source of the generator is a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3, which consists of two identical drag-type helical blade turbines 31, arranged symmetrically at 180° and rotating in opposite directions. Each turbine has circular end plates at the top and bottom, which reduce tip loss and also serve to fix the blades and connect the planetary gears. The height-to-diameter ratio of the turbines is between 2 and 3, the distance between two adjacent turbines is 1.2 to 2.0 times the turbine diameter, and the phase difference between two adjacent turbines is 90 degrees. This distance range ensures the coupling gain effect between adjacent turbines. The 90-degree phase difference further increases the turbine coupling gain and, more importantly, reduces the torque fluctuation of the entire device. The design of the helical blades also aims to reduce torque fluctuation and reduce torque dead points. The two turbines are combined into one unit by a planetary gear device 4, which is mounted on planetary gears 42 that are symmetrically distributed in a straight line. The planetary gear shafts are fixed and can only rotate on their own axes. The planetary gear device 4 combines the torques of the two turbines and achieves torque splitting. The first magnetic transmission device 511, connected to the sun gear 41, transmits torque to the second magnetic transmission device 512, which is connected to the inner rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61. The third magnetic transmission device 521, connected to the outer gear ring 43, transmits torque to the fourth magnetic transmission device 522, which is connected to the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61. This realizes the transmission of torque from the drag-type helical blade turbine cluster 3 to the dual-rotor generator 61 through non-contact transmission technology, and then stores electrical energy in the battery 62.

[0038] The innovation of combining the planetary gear mechanism with two water turbines lies not only in achieving efficient cluster power generation from two drag-type helical blade water turbines, but also in ensuring a 90-degree phase difference at all times due to the characteristics of the planetary gear mechanism, which allows the two turbines to rotate at the same speed. Simultaneously, the optimal spacing is designed to increase the coupling gain, resulting in the total power generation of the entire cluster exceeding the sum of the individual power generation of the two water turbines. The planetary gear device merges two rotating shafts in different positions into two output shafts, with the shafts in the same position. A dual-rotor generator cleverly inputs the power from both turbines into a single generator, reducing the number of power generation components while increasing the speed at which the generator cuts magnetic field lines. For low-speed drag-type water turbines, this increases the generator speed without the need for additional devices. Furthermore, the combination of two sets of magnetic transmission devices with different electromagnetic levels avoids dynamic sealing problems.

[0039] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planetary gear system, showing the installation relationship of different components. The first magnetic transmission device 511 is connected to the external gear ring 43, and the third magnetic transmission device 521 is connected to the sun gear 41. Their rotation directions are opposite. The torque of the first magnetic transmission device 511 is transmitted non-contactly to the second magnetic transmission device 512, which is connected to the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61. The torque of the third magnetic transmission device 521 is transmitted non-contactly to the fourth magnetic transmission device 522, which is connected to the inner rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61, achieving non-contact transmission. Simultaneously, the spacing and phase difference between the two drag-type helical blade turbines mounted on the planetary gear assembly 4 can be adjusted during installation. A reasonable spacing is 1.2 to 2.0 times the turbine diameter. Furthermore, the number of turbines in the cluster can be increased by increasing the number of planetary gears, thereby increasing the power generation. The planetary gear shafts are fixed, with only one degree of freedom: rotation.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the installation of the magnetic transmission devices. It can be seen that the mounting ring above the first magnetic transmission device 511 connects to the external gear ring 43, and the central shaft of the third magnetic transmission device 521 connects to the sun gear 41. The two magnetic transmission devices maintain a certain distance from each other, ensuring they do not affect each other's magnetic force. The second magnetic transmission device 512 also has a mounting ring below it, used to connect to the outer rotor of the dual-rotor generator 61. The shaft below the fourth magnetic transmission device 522 connects to the inner rotor of the dual-rotor generator 6. The two magnetic transmission devices maintain a certain distance from each other, ensuring they do not affect each other's magnetic force.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a top view of the first magnetic transmission device 511 and the second magnetic transmission device 512. The magnetic transmission device 5 consists of two sets of several centrally symmetrically mounted permanent magnets. These permanent magnets are magnetized along their thickness, and the magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are installed in opposite directions. The magnetic pole installation direction of the permanent magnets is opposite to that of adjacent permanent magnets. Due to the principle of attraction between opposite poles and repulsion between like poles, torque is transmitted even when misalignment occurs during magnetic transmission. This non-contact transmission allows for the elimination of dynamic sealing components; torque transmission can be achieved using an integral static seal, greatly reducing the risk of leakage. Furthermore, the speed ratio of each pair of magnetic transmission devices is equal to the ratio of the number of magnetic poles in the magnetic transmission devices. Therefore, different speed ratios can be achieved by controlling the number of magnetic poles, thereby eliminating the need for the wear-prone speed increaser (gearbox) and further increasing the stability and reliability of the system.

[0042] Figure 9This is an isometric perspective view of the magnetic levitation support device. The external structure of the magnetic levitation support device 2 consists of a support device shell 21, and the internal structure consists of an external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 22, an internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 23, and a spindle tip device 24. The external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 22 is nested inside the support device shell 21, and the internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 23 is mounted on the outside of the spindle tip 24. The external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 22 and the internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 23 are magnetized by radiation, with different magnetic poles inside and outside the rings. The outer side of the inner ring and the inner side of the outer ring have the same magnetic field. The inner ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 22 is connected to the end of the central shaft of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 through the spindle tip 24, and the outer ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing 22 is mounted on the support device shell 21 and thus connected to the upper end of the coaxial turbine mounting device 9, using the magnetic field to generate a radial stabilizing force. The tip 24 contacts the outer shell 21 of the support device to generate an axial stabilizing force, thereby fixing the position of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 so that it can only rotate in the axial direction.

[0043] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of an underwater autonomous vehicle (AUV). The AUV 14 consists of an AUV body 142, a wireless charging device 141, a fin-shaped antenna 143, and an observation system 144. The wireless charging device 141 is mounted on the head of the AUV body 142. The fin-shaped antenna 143 and the observation system 144 are mounted on the upper part of the AUV body 142.

[0044] Figure 11 Front view (left) and side view (right) of attitude adjustment for a moored deep-sea observation system. When the moored deep-sea observation system is facing the incoming current ( Figure 11 (Left figure) The power generation device suspended in the deep sea is subject to the buoyancy of the floating body, the gravity of the weight block, fluid resistance, and the tension of the deep-sea cable. Due to changes in ocean current velocity, the entire floating system will experience overturning and oscillation. When tilting occurs, the weight block and buoyancy are no longer in a straight line, thus generating a torque opposite to the tilted attitude. The counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster 3 consists of two identical counter-rotating helical blade turbines. The torques of the two turbines are in opposite directions, canceling each other out and reducing the device's resistance to the incoming current direction. Figure 11 The deflection is shown in the right figure.

[0045] Figure 12This is a schematic diagram of the system's operation. The deep-sea base station and the suspended ocean current power generation system are deployed via a research vessel, which then installs and fixes the deep-sea base station to the seabed. One or more autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are released from the research vessel to nearby sea areas and cruise near the deep-sea base station. The AUVs utilize the observation system 143 installed within them to measure long-term hydrological data. The deep-sea base station utilizes its sensor system 12 to measure long-term hydrological data. The counter-rotating propeller turbine cluster 3 rotates under the influence of the water flow, converting the kinetic energy of the ocean current into the mechanical energy of the counter-rotating propeller turbine cluster 3. This mechanical energy is transferred to the generator 61 via a magnetic transmission device 5, thereby converting it into electrical energy and storing it in the energy storage device 62 as chemical energy. The energy is then transmitted to the underwater base station via an underwater cable 10. When the energy level of the AUV is low, it moves to the vicinity of the deep-sea base station and docks with the wireless charging device and docking device 11. Through wireless charging, the electrical energy from the deep-sea base station is transferred to the AUV, enabling long-term cruise for the AUV. Simultaneously, the hydrological data measured by the sensor system 12 in the deep-sea base station is transmitted wirelessly to the underwater autonomous vehicle. After a period of data collection, the underwater vehicle will surface and transmit the data to the satellite receiving system via the fin-shaped antenna 143.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical blade turbines, characterized in that, The system includes a buoyancy device (1), a magnetic levitation support device (2), a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3), a planetary gear mechanism (4), a magnetic transmission device (5), a low-resistance sealed cavity (6), a gravity block (7), a power generation module, a deep-sea base station, an underwater autonomous vehicle (14), and a co-current turbine installation device (9). The co-current turbine installation device (9) is installed on the low-resistance sealed cavity (6), the buoyancy device is connected to the co-current turbine installation device (9) and the low-resistance sealed cavity (6), and the power generation module is installed inside the low-resistance sealed cavity (6) and connected to the magnetic transmission device. The deep-sea base station is used to power the underwater autonomous vehicle (14); the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) is set inside the flow-collecting turbine installation device (9), and the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) is set between the planetary gear mechanism (4) arranged in parallel above and below; the upper and lower ends of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) are connected to the flow-collecting turbine installation device (9) and the low-resistance sealing cavity (6) respectively through the magnetic levitation support device (2); the bottom of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) is connected to the power generation module through the magnetic transmission device (5); The planetary gear mechanism (4) includes a sun gear (41), an external gear ring (43), planet gears (42) and a connecting shaft (44); the two ends of the connecting shaft (44) are respectively provided with sun gears (41), an external gear ring (43) is provided outside the sun gear (41), and two planet gears (42) are provided between the external gear ring (43) and the sun gear (41), and the centers of the two planet gears (42) are connected by a planet carrier; The magnetic transmission device (5) includes a first magnetic transmission device (511), a second magnetic transmission device (512), a third magnetic transmission device (521), and a fourth magnetic transmission device (522). A mounting ring is provided above the first magnetic transmission device (511), and the mounting ring above the first magnetic transmission device (511) is connected to the external gear ring (43). The main shaft at the center of the third magnetic transmission device (521) is connected to the sun gear (41). A mounting ring is provided below the second magnetic transmission device (512), and the mounting ring below the second magnetic transmission device (512) is connected to the outer rotor of the dual rotor generator (61). The central shaft below the fourth magnetic transmission device (522) is connected to the inner rotor of the dual rotor generator (61). The magnetic transmission device (5) is composed of two sets of several centrally symmetrically installed permanent magnets. The permanent magnets are magnetized in the thickness direction. The magnetic poles of adjacent permanent magnets are installed in opposite ways, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are installed in opposite directions to the adjacent permanent magnets. The rechargeable battery (62) is connected to the deep-sea base station via an underwater cable (10). The deep-sea base station includes a pressure-resistant shell (13), a sensor system (12), and a wireless charging and connection device (11). The wireless charging and connection device (11) and the sensor system (12) are installed on the side of the pressure-resistant shell (13). A control device is installed inside the pressure-resistant shell (13). The control device replenishes the power of the rechargeable battery (62) to the wireless charging and connection device (11) and the sensor system (12).

2. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) includes two identical drag-type helical blade turbines (31). The two drag-type helical blade turbines (31) are arranged between planetary gears (42) at both ends of the connecting shaft (44). The two drag-type helical blade turbines (31) are arranged symmetrically at 180° and rotate in opposite directions. Each turbine has a circular end plate at the top and bottom, which connects to the planetary gears (42). The height-to-diameter ratio of the drag-type helical blade turbines (31) is between 2 and 3. The rotation center distance between adjacent turbines is 1.2 to 2 times the turbine diameter, and the phase difference between the two turbines is 90 degrees.

3. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation module includes a dual-rotor generator (61) and a rechargeable battery (62); the dual-rotor generator (61) is connected to the rechargeable battery (62), and the dual-rotor generator (61) includes an inner rotor and an outer rotor.

4. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) is supported axially and radially by a magnetic levitation support device (2) located at the upper end of the flow-collecting turbine installation device (9) and a magnetic levitation support device (2) located in the low-resistance sealing cavity (6).

5. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster according to claim 4, characterized in that, The magnetic levitation support device (2) includes a support device shell (21), an external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (22), an internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (23), and a gyroscope tip device (24). The external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (22) is nested inside the support device shell (21), and the internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (23) is installed outside the gyroscope tip device (24). The external passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (22) and the internal passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (23) are magnetized by radiation. The inner and outer rings have different magnetic poles, and the outer ring of the inner ring and the inner ring of the outer ring have the same magnetic field. The inner ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (22) is connected to the central shaft end of the counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster (3) through the gyroscope tip device (24), and the outer ring of the passive permanent magnet levitation bearing (22) is installed on the support device shell (21) and thus connected to the flow-collecting turbine installation device (9) and the low-resistance sealing cavity (6).

6. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a counter-rotating helical blade turbine cluster according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined flow turbine installation device (9) is a structure consisting of two semi-arc axisymmetrically arranged components, including a combined flow inlet, a parallel channel and a diffuser outlet, wherein the inlet and outlet have the same structure.

7. The moored deep-sea observation system based on a cluster of counter-rotating helical turbine blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The underwater autonomous vehicle (14) includes an underwater autonomous vehicle body (142), a wireless charging device (141), an observation system (144), and a fish fin antenna (143); the wireless charging device (141) is installed at the head of the underwater autonomous vehicle body (142), and the observation system (144) and the fish fin antenna (143) are installed on the upper part of the underwater autonomous vehicle body (142).

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