Interlayer film structure for a bonded panel and bonded panel structure

Abstract

The intermediate film structure (11) is used between two transparent panels (12) and (13) and has a first dimming film (21) capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering and a second dimming film (22) capable of adjusting the visible light transmittance. The first dimming film (21) and the second dimming film (22) are arranged in the thickness direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an interlayer structure for mating panels used between two transparent panels, and a mating panel structure having an interlayer structure for mating panels. Background Technology

[0002] In autonomous and electric vehicles, active functionality is becoming a trend in automotive components, both inside and out. As one form of active functionality, windshields with electrically controllable sun visors have been studied. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, the application of dimming films such as polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films on sun visors has been investigated.

[0003] The PDLC film exhibits irregular liquid crystal alignment when no voltage is applied, resulting in strong light scattering. When voltage is applied, the liquid crystals align, exhibiting high light transmittance. Therefore, by being installed at the top of the windshield, it can be used as an alternative to mechanical sun visors.

[0004] Various improvements have been made to light-transmitting components such as windows with dimming films in the past. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses a dimming device with two dimming layers having liquid crystal layers, from the viewpoint of further improving light-blocking performance. In addition to dimming films with liquid crystals such as PDLC, as shown in Patent Document 3, SPD (Suspended Particle Device) films with dimming layers formed by dispersing light-adjusting suspensions in a resin matrix are also known.

[0005] Existing technical documents

[0006] Patent documents

[0007] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2020-510232

[0008] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-30355

[0009] Patent Document 3: International Publication No. 2010 / 021276 Summary of the Invention

[0010] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0011] However, in the design of autonomous vehicles and electric vehicles, current attention is focused on all-glass roof designs that cover the entire canopy with glass, and seamless designs that eliminate the seams between the glass and the body, with roof design receiving particular attention. In all-glass roof designs where the glass area of ​​the roof section increases, it is difficult to ensure sufficient space for mechanical sunshades such as window opening and closing units, making practical implementation challenging.

[0012] Therefore, in large-area roof structures, there is a greater possibility of sunlight and heat entering than overhead, so it is considered to use dark glass to block the outside light. However, when using dark glass, it is difficult to obtain the advantage of roof glass such as a sense of openness, and it cannot fully meet the needs of users.

[0013] Therefore, PDLC and other light-regulating films are being considered as an alternative to mechanical sunshades in roof glazing. However, PDLC does not adequately control the amount of heat flowing into the vehicle interior, and its combination with colorless or light-colored glass or laminated glass does not sufficiently improve heat insulation. On the other hand, while combining PDLC with dark glass or dark laminated glass can ensure heat insulation, as mentioned above, a sufficient sense of openness cannot be achieved, or even when the PDLC is in light-transmitting mode, sufficient light transmittance cannot be obtained.

[0014] Therefore, the objective of this invention is to provide an interlayer film structure for a mating panel that provides a sufficient sense of openness even when heat wires are properly prevented from flowing in, and that provides sufficient light transmittance in light transmission mode.

[0015] Problem-solving methods

[0016] The inventors conducted in-depth research and found that by combining two or more dimming films, the above-mentioned problems can be solved, thereby completing the following invention. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to

[35] .

[0017] [1]. An interlayer structure for mating panels is a structure used between two transparent panels, having a first dimming film capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering, and a second dimming film capable of adjusting the visible light transmittance, wherein the first dimming film and the second dimming film are arranged in the thickness direction.

[0018] [2]. As described in [1], the second dimming film is positioned further outward than the first dimming film.

[0019] [3]. The interlayer structure for the mating panel as described in [1] or [2] includes an internal transparent bonding layer disposed between the first dimming film and the second dimming film to bond the dimming films.

[0020] [4]. As described in [3], the interlayer structure for the mating panel, wherein the first dimming film and the second dimming film are heat-pressed together through the inner transparent bonding layer.

[0021] [5]. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to [4] has a surface transparent bonding layer on its outermost surface.

[0022] [6]. The interlayer film structure for the mating panel as described in any one of [1] to [5], wherein two transparent glass plates with a thickness of 2.5 mm are joined together, is such that the visible light transmittance measured by setting the first dimming film to light transmission mode is adjusted by the second dimming film to less than 1% and more than 10%.

[0023] [7]. The interlayer film structure for the mating panel as described in any one of [1] to [6], wherein two transparent glass plates with a thickness of 2.5 mm are joined together, is capable of adjusting the direct solar transmittance Tds measured when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode to below 55%.

[0024] [8]. The interlayer film structure for the mating panel as described in any one of [1] to [7], wherein two transparent glass plates with a thickness of 2.5 mm are joined together, is a mating panel structure that enables the haze value measured when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode to be adjusted to below 40%.

[0025] [9]. The interlayer structure for the mating panel as described in any one of [1] to [8], wherein the periphery of the first dimming film and the second dimming film are disposed on the inner periphery side at a distance of 10 mm or more from the periphery of the transparent panel.

[0026]

[10] . The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in [9] includes a sealing material disposed on the outer periphery of the first dimming film and the second dimming film.

[0027]

[11] . The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[10] includes a touch sensor inside the interlayer film structure for mating panels for controlling at least one of the first dimming film and the second dimming film.

[0028]

[12] . An interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the first dimming film is divided into multiple segments that can be controlled independently.

[0029]

[13] . The interlayer structure for the mating panel as described in any one of [1] to

[12] , wherein the first dimming film is either a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film or a polymer-networked liquid crystal film.

[0030]

[14] . The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[13] , wherein the second dimming film is any one of an electrochromic film, an SPD film, and an electrophoretic film device.

[0031]

[15] . An interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[14] , wherein the first dimming film has a visible light transmittance of 60% to 100% and a haze value of 0% to 30% in light transmission mode.

[0032]

[16] . An interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[15] , wherein the first dimming film has a visible light transmittance of 0% to 40% in light scattering mode and a haze value of 70% to 100%.

[0033]

[17] . An interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[16] , wherein the second dimming film is capable of switching between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode, wherein in the light transmission mode, the visible light transmittance is 25% to 100% and the haze value is 0% to 30%.

[0034]

[18] . An interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[17] , wherein the second dimming film is capable of switching between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode, wherein in the light shielding mode the visible light transmittance is less than 25% and the haze value is less than 60%.

[0035]

[19] . An interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [3] to

[18] , wherein the inner transparent bonding layer is a thermoplastic resin layer.

[0036]

[20] . As described in

[19] , the thermoplastic resin in the inner transparent bonding layer is selected from one or more of the following: ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0037]

[21] . An interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [5] to

[20] , wherein the transparent bonding layer on the surface is a thermoplastic resin layer.

[0038]

[22] . As described in

[21] , the thermoplastic resin in the transparent bonding layer is selected from one or more of the following: ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0039]

[23] . The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [5] to

[22] comprises, in sequence, the surface transparent bonding layer, the first dimming film, the inner transparent bonding layer, the second dimming film and the surface transparent bonding layer.

[0040]

[24] . Intermediate film structure for mating panels as described in any one of

[10] to

[23] , wherein the sealing material is formed of thermoplastic resin.

[0041]

[25] . As described in

[24] , the thermoplastic resin in the sealing material is selected from one or more of the following: ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

[0042]

[26] . In the mating panel interlayer structure as described in any one of [1] to

[25] , in the mating panel structure obtained by joining two transparent glass sheets with a thickness of 2.5 mm between the mating panel interlayer structure, the haze value measured by setting the first dimming film to light scattering mode can be adjusted to 70% or more, and the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 20% or less.

[0043]

[27] . In the interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[26] , in the mating panel structure obtained by joining two transparent glass sheets with a thickness of 2.5 mm between the interlayer film structure for mating panels, the direct solar transmittance Tds measured when the first dimming film is set to light scattering mode is less than 10%.

[0044]

[28] . An interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in any one of [1]-27], wherein the first dimming film has two substrate films and a dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films.

[0045]

[29] . An interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in any one of [1] to

[28] , wherein the second dimming film has two substrate films and a dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films.

[0046]

[30] . A mating panel structure comprising an interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of [1] to

[29] and two transparent panels, wherein the interlayer structure for mating panels is disposed between the two transparent panels.

[0047]

[31] . The mating panel structure as described in

[30] has a thickness of 7 mm or less.

[0048]

[32] . The mating panel structure as described in

[30] or

[31] is for use in automotive roof glass.

[0049]

[33] . The mating panel structure as described in

[30] or

[31] is for building purposes.

[0050]

[34] . Application of the interlayer membrane structure for mating panels described in any one of [1] to

[29] , or the mating panel structure described in

[30] or

[31] , in automotive roof glass.

[0051]

[35] . Application of the interlayer membrane structure for mating panels described in any one of [1] to

[29] , or the mating panel structure described in

[30] or

[31] , in buildings.

[0052] Invention Effects

[0053] With this invention, even if the inflow of heat wires is properly prevented, a sufficient sense of openness can be obtained, and in light transmission mode, sufficient light transmittance can be obtained. Attached Figure Description

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 3 It means Figure 2 The exploded perspective view of the mating panel structure shown.

[0057] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mating panel structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] <Intermediate membrane structure for panel>

[0063] The interlayer structure for the mating panel of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as "interlayer structure") is used to sandwich two transparent panels and has a first and a second dimming film arranged along the thickness direction. In the present invention, the first dimming film is a dimming film capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering, and the second dimming film is a dimming film capable of adjusting the visible light transmittance.

[0064] The intermediate film structure of the present invention provides light shielding by appropriately combining the first and second dimming films, thus effectively preventing the inflow of heat wires. Furthermore, even when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode, the second dimming film can adjust the transmittance of visible light according to external conditions, thereby improving light transmittance, suppressing light transmittance, and achieving a sense of openness. Therefore, it provides a mating panel structure that fully meets user needs.

[0065] [First dimming film]

[0066] The first dimming film is a dimming device capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering. In light transmission mode, the first dimming film has high visible light transmittance. Conversely, in light scattering mode, it has a high haze value, and its visible light transmittance is lower than in light transmission mode. The first dimming film switches between light transmission and light scattering modes by the presence or absence of an applied voltage.

[0067] Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is preferably used as the first dimming film. When using a PDLC film, visible light transmittance is easily increased in light transmission mode, and high light scattering is achieved in light scattering mode, thus easily improving the haze value in light scattering mode. Alternatively, polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) can also be used as the first dimming film.

[0068] The first dimming film, for example, has two substrate films and a dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films. Examples of substrate films include resin films using polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, acrylic resins, cellulose derivatives such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyethersulfone (PES) resin, and polyimide resin as resin components. From an operability perspective, polyester resin films are preferred, and polyethylene terephthalate films are more preferred.

[0069] Furthermore, it is preferable to provide an electrode layer on the surface of each of the two substrate films on the side of the dimming layer. As the electrode layer, any known transparent electrode material can be used without particular limitation; examples include indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive films, tin oxide conductive films, zinc oxide conductive films, and polymer conductive films. It is preferable to connect lead electrodes to the electrode layers and apply a voltage between the electrode layers through the lead electrodes.

[0070] The dimming layer in the first dimming film is, for example, a liquid crystal layer. When the first dimming film is a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, the liquid crystal layer is composed of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC). Examples of polymer-dispersed liquid crystals include those in which a network structure is formed by polymers within the liquid crystal layer, which are called network liquid crystals.

[0071] The liquid crystal layer can be formed by creating spaces for filling liquid crystal within spacers, and then filling and sealing the liquid crystal within these spaces; however, it can also be formed without spacers. Furthermore, the liquid crystal can be of any type, including TN and STN types. Additionally, an alignment film can be appropriately provided between the dimming layer and the electrode layer. By providing the alignment film, the first dimming film can also be of the reverse type, as described later.

[0072] The first dimming film changes the orientation state of the liquid crystal layer by applying a voltage between the electrode layers, switching between light transmission and light scattering. The first dimming film can be either a standard type or a reverse type. The standard type is a type that is in a transmission state when a voltage is applied (voltage ON) and in a scattering state when no voltage is applied (voltage OFF). The reverse type is a type that is in a transmission state when no voltage is applied and in a scattering state when a voltage is applied.

[0073] As described above, the first dimming film exhibits high visible light transmittance and low haze value in light transmission mode. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the first dimming film in light transmission mode is, for example, 60% or more, preferably 70% or more, and more preferably 75% or more. By possessing the above visible light transmittance, the light transmittance of the mating panel structure can be sufficiently improved in light transmission mode, resulting in a sufficiently open feel, for example, when used in automotive roof glass.

[0074] In addition, the haze value of the first dimming film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less.

[0075] In addition, the visible light transmittance of the first dimming film in the light transmission mode only needs to be below 100%, but in practice it is below 99%. In addition, the haze value only needs to be above 0%, and in practice it is above 1%.

[0076] On the other hand, in light scattering mode, the haze value of the first dimming film is, for example, 70% or more, preferably 80% or more, and more preferably 90% or more. In light scattering mode, if the haze value is so high, the light-blocking effect is enhanced, and the inflow of heat wires can be appropriately prevented. Furthermore, it also prevents the interior from being viewed from the outside of the mating panel structure.

[0077] Furthermore, in light scattering mode, the visible light transmittance of the first dimming film is lower than that in light transmission mode, for example, 40% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. As described above, if the light transmittance is lower in light scattering mode, the inflow of heat wires can be appropriately prevented in light scattering mode.

[0078] Furthermore, the haze value of the first dimming film in light scattering mode only needs to be below 100%, but in practice it is around 99% or less. Additionally, the visible light transmittance only needs to be above 0%, but in practice it is, for example, above 1%.

[0079] Furthermore, the first dimming film can function as either a light scattering mode or a light transmission mode when no voltage is applied, provided that the haze value and visible light transmittance are within the specified range. Conversely, when a voltage is applied, the first dimming film can function as either a light scattering mode or a light transmission mode, provided that the haze value and visible light transmittance are within the specified range in that mode. The applied voltage value is not limited; it is sufficient that the haze value and visible light transmittance are achieved at any voltage value. The same applies to the light transmission mode and light blocking mode of the second dimming film, which will be described later.

[0080] The thickness of the first dimming film is not particularly limited, for example, it is 0.05mm to 2mm, preferably 0.1mm to 1mm, and more preferably 0.2mm to 0.8mm.

[0081] The first dimming film can be a commercially available product. Specifically, examples include the "LCMAGIC" series manufactured by Toppan Printing Co., Ltd., with its standard type [light transmission mode: haze 5%, parallel line transmittance 82%, light scattering mode: haze 98%, parallel line transmittance 1% (catalog value)] and reverse type [light transmission mode: haze 10%, parallel line transmittance 80%, light scattering mode: haze 92%, parallel line transmittance 7% (catalog value)]. Additionally, the "UMU" window type manufactured by Nippon Sheet Glass Umprodukts Co., Ltd. [light transmission mode: haze 6%, parallel line transmittance 74%, light scattering mode: haze 86%, parallel line transmittance 5% (catalog value)] can be used. Furthermore, Gauzy's "LC-W" can also be cited.

[0082] [Second dimming film]

[0083] The second dimming film is a dimming element capable of adjusting the visible light transmittance. It can switch between a high visible light transmittance mode and a low visible light transmittance light shielding mode.

[0084] Even in the light-shielding mode, the second light-dimming film does not generate too much light scattering, and the haze value does not become too high. The haze value is lower than that of the first light-dimming film in the light-scattering mode.

[0085] Examples of the second light-dimming film include electrochromic films, SPD films, and electrophoretic film devices. Among them, the SPD film is preferred. By using them, the visible light transmittance can be reduced without generating too much light scattering. Therefore, if the first light-dimming film is set to the light-transmitting mode and the second light-dimming film is set to the light-shielding mode, light scattering can be suppressed while suppressing the light transmittance so that it is not completely blocked. Therefore, when used in window glass or the like, an open feeling can be easily obtained even while preventing the transmission of heat rays to a certain extent.

[0086] The second light-dimming film, for example, has two substrate films and a light-dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films. Examples of the substrate film include resin films. The resin used in the resin film is as described for the first light-dimming film, but from the viewpoints of operability and the like, a polyester resin film is preferred, and a polyethylene terephthalate film is more preferred. Therefore, the substrate films of the first and second light-dimming films are both preferably polyester resin films, and more preferably polyethylene terephthalate films.

[0087] In addition, in the second light-dimming film, an electrode layer may be provided on the surface on the light-dimming layer side in each of the two substrate films. As the electrode layer, any currently well-known electrode material having transparency can be used. For example, indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive films, tin oxide conductive films, zinc oxide conductive films, polymer conductive films, etc. can be cited. A lead-out electrode is connected to the electrode layer, and a voltage is applied between the electrode layers through the lead-out electrode.

[0088] <<SPD film>>

[0089] If the light-dimming film is an SPD (Suspended Particle Device) film, the light-dimming layer is a layer containing a resin matrix and a light-regulating suspension dispersed in the resin matrix.

[0090] The resin matrix is composed of a polymer medium, and the light-regulating suspension is dispersed in a dispersion medium in a state where the light-regulating particles can flow. As the polymer medium and the dispersion medium (the dispersion medium in the light-regulating suspension), materials are used in which the polymer medium and its cured product and the dispersion medium can be phase-separated from each other at least during film formation. It is preferred to use a combination of incompatible or partially compatible polymer medium and dispersion medium.

[0091] The polymer medium includes a resin having a substituent containing an ethylenic unsaturated bond and a photoinitiator, and is cured by irradiating energy rays such as ultraviolet rays, visible light, and electron rays. As the resin having an ethylenic unsaturated bond, silicone resins, acrylic resins, polyester resins, etc. are preferred.

[0092] In addition to resins with olefinically unsaturated substituents, other resins, such as polyacrylic acid and polymethacrylic acid, can also be used as constituent materials of polymer media and are soluble in organic solvents or thermoplastic resins.

[0093] In addition, additives such as anti-coloring agents, such as dibutyltin dilaurate, can be added to the polymer medium as needed. Furthermore, the polymer medium may also contain solvents.

[0094] As a dispersion medium in the light-modifying suspension, it plays the role of a dispersion medium in the light-modifying suspension. In addition, it selectively adheres to and coats the light-modifying particles. When the phase separates from the polymer medium, the light-modifying particles move to the phase-separated droplet phase. It is preferable to use a liquid copolymer that is non-conductive and has no affinity for the polymer medium.

[0095] As a liquid copolymer, (meth)acrylate oligomers having fluorine and / or hydroxyl groups are preferred, and (meth)acrylate oligomers having fluorine and hydroxyl groups are more preferred.

[0096] The light-modifying suspension used in this invention contains light-modifying particles that are fluidly dispersed in a dispersion medium. As light-modifying particles, crystals of polyiodide are used, for example, preferably needle-shaped crystals of polyiodide.

[0097] When a voltage is applied between the two electrode layers, the light-adjusting particles of the SPD film align along the thickness direction, thereby increasing the light transmittance, for example, the transmittance in a specific wavelength region.

[0098] In addition, an undercoat layer can be appropriately placed between the dimming layer and the electrode layer in the SPD film.

[0099] When no voltage is applied between the electrode layers (voltage OFF), the SPD film has low light transmittance, operating in a light-shielding mode. Conversely, by applying a voltage between the electrode layers (voltage ON), the transmittance in specific wavelength regions increases, thereby switching from the light-shielding mode to the light-transmitting mode. The SPD film can change its hue when illuminated by visible light according to changes in visible light transmittance; for example, it may be colorless and transparent when voltage is applied, and may have a bluish hue when no voltage is applied. Furthermore, changing the voltage applied between the electrodes of the SPD film also changes the visible light transmittance in the light-transmitting mode.

[0100] <<Electrochromic Film>>

[0101] When the second dimming film is an electrochromic film, the dimming layer may contain an electrochromic material. As an electrochromic material, any compound with electrochromic properties is acceptable, and it can be any of the following: inorganic compounds, organic compounds, or mixed-valence complexes.

[0102] Examples of inorganic compounds include Mo2O3, Ir2O3, NiO, V2O5, WO3, TiO2, etc., with WO3 being preferred. Examples of organic compounds include polypyrrole compounds, polythiophene compounds, poly(p-phenylenevinylene) compounds, polyaniline compounds, polyacetylene compounds, poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) compounds, metal phthalocyanine compounds, viologen compounds, viologen salt compounds, ferrocene compounds, dimethyl terephthalate compounds, diethyl terephthalate compounds, etc., with polyacetylene compounds being preferred. Furthermore, examples of mixed-valence complexes include, for instance, Prussian blue-type complexes (KFe[Fe(CN)6], etc.).

[0103] Electrochromic films change the transmittance of a specific wavelength region by applying a voltage between the electrode layers, thereby changing the dimming body from a state with high visible light transmittance (light transmission mode) to a state with low visible light transmittance (light shielding mode). Additionally, the hue when exposed to visible light can also be changed; for example, it may be colorless and transparent when no voltage is applied, while exhibiting hues such as blue, yellow, green, and red when a voltage is applied.

[0104] <<Electrophoresis Membrane Device>>

[0105] An electrophoretic membrane apparatus, for example, has an electrophoresis section between a substrate having two electrode layers. The electrophoresis section includes, for example, electrophoretic particles and a dispersant for dispersing the electrophoretic particles. In the electrophoretic membrane apparatus, by changing whether or not a voltage is applied between the electrode layers, it is possible to change between a state with high visible light transmittance (light transmission mode) and a state with low visible light transmittance (light shielding mode). Specific examples of electrophoretic membrane apparatuses are described in detail in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2016 / 0124284, etc.

[0106] In light transmission mode, the second dimming film exhibits a visible light transmittance of a certain value or higher, and a reduced haze value. Specifically, the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film in light transmission mode is, for example, 25% or higher, preferably 30% or higher, and more preferably 40% or higher. By having the above visible light transmittance, and setting both the first and second dimming films to light transmission mode, the light transmittance of the mating panel structure can be improved. For example, when used in automotive windows, especially roof windows, a full sense of openness can be achieved, allowing for high visibility of the outside world.

[0107] Furthermore, the haze value of the second dimming film in the light transmission mode is, for example, 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, and more preferably 10% or less. Additionally, the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film in the light transmission mode only needs to be 100% or less, but practically it can also be 70% or less. Furthermore, the haze value only needs to be 0% or more, practically it is 1% or more.

[0108] On the other hand, in light-shielding mode, the haze value of the second dimming film is, for example, less than 60%, preferably less than 50%, and more preferably less than 40%. In light-shielding mode, if the haze value can be reduced in this way, the directness of transmitted light can be ensured even with increased light-shielding properties. Therefore, if the first dimming film is set to light-transmitting mode and the second dimming film is set to light-shielding mode, a certain degree of openness can be ensured even if heat rays are appropriately prevented from entering. On the other hand, the haze value of the second dimming film in light-shielding mode is not particularly limited, but it is generally higher than the haze value of the second dimming film in light-transmitting mode.

[0109] Furthermore, in the light-shielding mode, the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film is lower than that in the light-transmitting mode, for example, less than 25%, preferably less than 20%, and more preferably less than 10%. As described above, when the light transmittance is lower in the light-shielding mode, the inflow of heat wires can be appropriately prevented in the light-shielding mode.

[0110] Furthermore, from the viewpoint that by setting the second dimming film to the light-shielding mode and simultaneously setting the first dimming film to the light-transmitting mode, glare from sunlight during the day can be avoided and a sense of openness to the outside can be ensured, the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film in the light-shielding mode is preferably 5% or less.

[0111] In addition, there is no particular limitation on the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film in the light shielding mode. For example, it can be 0.5% or more, or even 1% or more.

[0112] There is no particular limitation on the thickness of the second dimming film, for example, it is 0.05 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, and more preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm.

[0113] As a second dimming film, commercially available products can be used. Specifically, examples of SPD films include Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.'s "LCF-1103DHA" Light type [light transmission mode: visible light transmittance 45-65% (50-100V), haze value 6%, light shielding mode: visible light transmittance 3% (catalog value)] and Dark type [light transmission mode: visible light transmittance 30-53% (50-100V), haze value 6%, light shielding mode: visible light transmittance 1% (catalog value)], etc.

[0114] In addition, Gauzy's "SPD" can be cited as an example of an SPD membrane. Other examples of electrophoretic membrane devices include Ynvisible's electrochromic membrane and Signify's "E-Skin".

[0115] As described below, the mating panel structure of the present invention can be used, for example, in various window glass, as a component separating the interior and exterior. However, it is preferable to position the second dimming film further outward than the first dimming film. When the second dimming film is positioned on the exterior side, external light such as sunlight incident from the outside is blocked by the second dimming film, reducing the amount of light irradiating the PDLC film or the like constituting the first dimming film. Therefore, the first dimming film, such as the PDLC film with low lightfastness, exhibits good durability, and the overall durability of the interlayer structure is also improved.

[0116] [switch]

[0117] The intermediate film structure may include a switching component. This switching component controls the first and second dimming films. The switching component can control whether a voltage is applied between the electrode layers of the first dimming film via a switching input. Thus, the switching component can switch between the light transmission mode and the light scattering mode of the first dimming film.

[0118] Additionally, the switching component can control whether a voltage is applied between the electrode layers of the second dimming film. Thus, the switching component can switch between the light transmission mode and the light shielding mode of the second dimming film. The switching component used to control the second dimming film can be the same as, but different from, the switching component used to control the first dimming film.

[0119] Furthermore, the switching component is preferably also capable of changing the voltage applied between the electrode layers of the second dimming film. In such a structure, for example, when an SPD film is used as the second dimming film, the visible light transmittance in the light transmission mode can be adjusted by changing the magnitude of the voltage applied between the electrodes by the switching component.

[0120] Alternatively, the switching component can be disposed outside the intermediate film structure, but it is preferably composed of a touch sensor disposed inside the intermediate film structure. Therefore, preferably, at least one of the first and second dimming films is controlled by a touch sensor. Details of the touch sensor will be described later.

[0121] [Internal transparent bonding layer]

[0122] The intermediate film structure of the present invention preferably includes a transparent bonding layer (hereinafter also referred to as an inner transparent bonding layer) disposed between the first dimming film and the second dimming film, and the first and second dimming films are bonded through the inner transparent bonding layer. That is, the intermediate film structure preferably includes the first dimming film, the inner transparent bonding layer and the second dimming film in sequence.

[0123] When an internal transparent bonding layer is provided, the substrate film of the first dimming film and the substrate film of the second dimming film can be bonded through the internal transparent bonding layer.

[0124] The substrate film of the dimming film has a relatively high melting point. Therefore, it is difficult to directly bond the first and second dimming films by means of heat bonding. However, by using an internal transparent bonding layer, they can be easily integrated and assembled into a multilayer structure of the intermediate film structure. In addition, from the viewpoint of ease of manufacturing, it is preferable that the first and second dimming films are bonded by heat bonding through the internal transparent bonding layer.

[0125] In addition, the internal transparent bonding layer is transparent and has high visible light transmittance. Therefore, by setting the internal transparent bonding layer, the optical properties of the intermediate film structure, such as light transmittance, are not hindered.

[0126] The first and second dimming films are preferably integrated by heat-pressing with an internal transparent bonding layer at a temperature below 100°C. Furthermore, before the two transparent panels are separated by an intermediate film structure to form a mating panel structure, it is more preferable to integrate them by heat-pressing with an internal transparent bonding layer at a temperature below 100°C.

[0127] By hot-pressing the first and second dimming films at temperatures below 100°C, the dimming layer does not thermally degrade, and the first and second dimming films can be integrated. Furthermore, by hot-pressing while reducing pressure, integration can be achieved without air bubbles or other contaminants between the layers. The hot-pressing temperature is, for example, 30°C to 120°C, preferably 40°C to 100°C.

[0128] The inner transparent bonding layer is preferably a thermoplastic resin layer. If the inner transparent bonding layer is a thermoplastic resin layer, the first and second dimming films can be easily bonded to each other through the heat pressing, with the inner transparent bonding layer as a barrier.

[0129] The thermoplastic resin used in the inner transparent bonding layer is not particularly limited, but examples include ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer (TPU), polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin and other polyolefin resins (PO), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and other cyclic olefin resins (COP), polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB) and other polyvinyl acetal resins (PVAc). By using these resins, the first and second dimming films can be bonded even under relatively low-temperature hot pressing, thus easily improving the adhesion of the dimming film to the substrate film.

[0130] Polyvinyl acetal resins are preferred, and polyvinyl butyral resins are more preferred. By using polyvinyl acetal resins, the adhesion to the dimming film becomes easier and better, and consequently, the resistance to penetration of the panel structure is also improved.

[0131] In the internal transparent bonding layer, thermoplastic resin can be the main component, and its content relative to the total amount of the internal transparent bonding layer is preferably 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more.

[0132] In addition, the internal transparent bonding layer may also contain plasticizers. When plasticizers are present, the internal transparent bonding layer becomes more flexible, resulting in improved flexibility of the bonded panel structure and easier improvement in penetration resistance. Furthermore, the adhesion to each dimming film is also easily improved. Examples of plasticizers include monobasic organic acid esters and polybasic organic acid esters, which are organic ester plasticizers.

[0133] In addition, the internal transparent bonding layer may also contain additives other than plasticizers, such as fillers, infrared absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, fluorescent whitening agents, crystal nucleating agents, dispersants, dyes, pigments, metal carboxylic acid salts, and heat insulation materials, if required.

[0134] The thickness of the internal transparent bonding layer is preferably 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, and even more preferably 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, from the viewpoint of ensuring good bonding while preventing the intermediate film structure from becoming too thick.

[0135] [Transparent bonding layer]

[0136] Preferably, a transparent bonding layer (hereinafter also referred to as a "surface transparent bonding layer") is further provided on the outermost surface of the intermediate film structure. The intermediate film structure, by having the surface transparent bonding layer, can be easily bonded to the transparent panel. The surface transparent bonding layer is preferably provided on both outermost surfaces of the intermediate film structure. Furthermore, in this specification, the surface transparent bonding layer disposed outside the first dimming film is referred to as the first surface transparent bonding layer, and the surface transparent bonding layer disposed outside the second dimming film is referred to as the second surface transparent bonding layer.

[0137] Therefore, the intermediate film structure preferably has a laminate having a first surface transparent bonding layer, a first dimming film, a transparent bonding layer, a second dimming film and a second surface transparent bonding layer in sequence.

[0138] As described above, the first dimming film is difficult to directly bond to the transparent panel via heat bonding or the like, but by having a first surface transparent bonding layer, the intermediate film structure can be easily integrated with the transparent panel via heat bonding or the like. Furthermore, the first and second surface transparent bonding layers are transparent and have high visible light transmittance. Therefore, the first and second surface transparent bonding layers do not obstruct the various optical properties of the intermediate film structure, such as light transmittance.

[0139] The transparent bonding layer is preferably a thermoplastic resin layer. Furthermore, if the interlayer structure has both a first and a second transparent bonding layer, it is more preferable that both are thermoplastic resin layers. If the transparent bonding layer is a thermoplastic resin layer, the interlayer structure can be easily bonded to the transparent panel by hot pressing.

[0140] There are no particular limitations on the thermoplastic resin used in the surface transparent bonding layer (i.e., the first or second surface transparent bonding layer, or both), and any resin listed as suitable for use in the transparent bonding layer can be appropriately selected. By using this resin, the interlayer structure can be bonded to the transparent panel even under relatively low-temperature hot pressing. Therefore, heat damage to the dimming film can be prevented. Furthermore, polyvinyl acetal-based resins are preferred for the surface transparent bonding layer, with polyvinyl butyral-based resins being more preferred. By using polyvinyl acetal-based resins, adhesion to transparent panels, especially transparent panels made of inorganic glass, becomes readily and effectively improved. Additionally, the resistance to penetration of the bonded panel structure is also enhanced.

[0141] Therefore, when the mating panel structure has an internal transparent bonding layer and first and second surface transparent bonding layers, the thermoplastic resins used for the internal transparent bonding layer and the first and second surface transparent bonding layers are preferably polyvinyl acetal resins, and more preferably polyvinyl butyral resins.

[0142] In each of the transparent bonding layers, thermoplastic resin can be the main component, and its content relative to the total amount of each transparent bonding layer can be 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more.

[0143] The surface transparent adhesive layer (i.e., the first or second surface transparent adhesive layer, or both) may contain a colorant as a coloring layer. Furthermore, in the case of a coloring layer, it is preferable to use both the first and second surface transparent adhesive layers as coloring layers. By using the surface transparent adhesive layer as a coloring layer, the visible light transmittance of the interlayer structure can be appropriately adjusted. Therefore, the degree of openness, the amount of heat ray incident, etc., can be appropriately adjusted according to the user's needs. Additionally, the color tone of the interlayer structure and the mating panel structure can be appropriately adjusted.

[0144] There are no particular limitations on the colorant used; pigments conventionally used in interlayer films for laminated glass can be used, including blue, yellow, red, green, purple, black, and white pigments. Pigments and dyes can be used. However, from the viewpoints of heat insulation and design, black pigments and black dyes are preferred as colorants, with carbon black being more preferred.

[0145] When using a transparent bonding layer as a coloring layer, a known transparent coloring film can be appropriately used. For example, a film with a visible light transmittance of 70% or more, preferably around 75-90%, can be used as the transparent coloring film. Commercially available products can be used, such as the "S-LEC Film" series coloring films manufactured by Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd.

[0146] In addition, each surface transparent bonding layer may also contain a plasticizer. When a plasticizer is present, the surface transparent bonding layer becomes more flexible, resulting in improved flexibility of the bonded panel structure and easier improvement in penetration resistance. Furthermore, the adhesion between the dimming film and the transparent panel is also easily improved. Examples of plasticizers include monobasic and polybasic organic esters.

[0147] Additionally, if necessary, each surface transparent bonding layer may also contain fillers, infrared absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, fluorescent whitening agents, crystal nucleating agents, dispersants, metal carboxylic acid salts, heat insulation materials, plasticizers, and additives other than colorants.

[0148] From the viewpoint of ensuring good adhesion while preventing the intermediate film structure from becoming thicker than necessary, the thickness of each of the surface transparent bonding layers is preferably 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm, and even more preferably 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

[0149] <Matching Panel Structure>

[0150] The mating panel structure of the present invention includes the aforementioned interlayer structure for mating panels and two transparent panels, wherein the interlayer structure for mating panels is disposed between the two transparent panels. In the mating panel structure, the two transparent panels are joined together through the interlayer structure for mating panels.

[0151] As a transparent panel, glass can be an example. The glass can be either inorganic glass or acrylic glass, but inorganic glass is preferred. There are no particular limitations on inorganic glass; examples include transparent glass, transparent float glass, float sheet glass, tempered glass, tinted glass, polished sheet glass, template glass, mesh-insulated sheet glass, wire-insulated sheet glass, ultraviolet-absorbing sheet glass, infrared-reflecting sheet glass, infrared-absorbing sheet glass, and green glass.

[0152] In addition, as for acrylic glass, resin glass is generally used, without any particular limitation. Examples of acrylic glass made of polycarbonate sheets, polymethyl methacrylate sheets, polyester sheets, etc.

[0153] The two transparent panels can be made of the same material or other materials. For example, one can be inorganic glass and the other can be plexiglass, but it is preferred that both transparent panels are inorganic glass, or preferably plexiglass, but more preferably both are inorganic glass.

[0154] The thickness of each of the transparent panels is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 mm to 3.2 mm, more preferably 0.7 mm to 2.7 mm, and even more preferably 1.0 mm to 2.6 mm. Within this range, it is possible to impart a certain mechanical strength to the mating panel structure while keeping the overall thickness of the mating panel structure below a certain level.

[0155] The thickness of the mating panel structure of the present invention is preferably 7 mm or less. Because the thickness is 7 mm or less, it can be applied to automotive window glass, especially automotive roof glass. Furthermore, there is no particular limitation on the lower limit of the thickness of the mating panel structure; for example, it can be 4 mm or more, but preferably 5 mm or more.

[0156] [Layer Structure]

[0157] Next, the laminated structure having an intermediate membrane structure and an mating panel structure of the intermediate membrane structure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-8 These respectively represent mating panel structures having an intermediate membrane structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0158] like Figure 1 As shown, the mating panel structure 10 includes an intermediate membrane structure 11 and two transparent panels 12 and 13. The intermediate membrane structure 11 is sandwiched between the two transparent panels 12 and 13, and the two transparent panels 12 and 13 are joined by the intermediate membrane structure 11.

[0159] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the intermediate film structure 11 sequentially comprises a first surface transparent bonding layer 31, a first dimming film 21, an inner transparent bonding layer 30, a second dimming film 22, and a second surface transparent bonding layer 32. Then, it is bonded to each of the transparent panels 12 and 13 through the first surface transparent bonding layer 31 and the second surface transparent bonding layer 32, respectively.

[0160] Here, as described above, the second dimming film 22 is preferably positioned further outward than the first dimming film 21. That is, it is preferable that the transparent panel 13 is positioned on the outdoor side and the transparent panel 12 is positioned on the indoor side. The same applies to the embodiments described below.

[0161] However, the first dimming film 21 can also be positioned further outward than the second dimming film 22.

[0162] exist Figure 1 In the intermediate film structure 11 shown, when viewed from above in the thickness direction, the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of each dimming film 21 and 22 are positioned at the same location as the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the two transparent panels 12 and 13, but they do not need to be positioned at the same location. Specifically, as Figure 2 , 3 As shown in the embodiment, the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22 can also be positioned further inward than the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13. In this case, each peripheral portion 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22 is preferably positioned inward at a distance L of 10 mm or more relative to the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the two panels 12 and 13.

[0163] In addition, each peripheral portion 21A and 22A may be configured only in a portion of the inner periphery than both peripheral portions 12A and 13A, but it is preferable that each peripheral portion 21A and 22B is configured on the inner periphery of the entire circumference relative to both peripheral portions 12A and 13A, and more preferably that it is configured at a distance L of more than 10 mm inward from the periphery of both peripheral portions 12A and 13A on the entire circumference.

[0164] In addition, the distance L between the peripheral portions 21A, 22A and 12A, 13A as described above is only 10mm or more, and there is no particular limit on the upper limit, for example, it is only 150mm or less.

[0165] Furthermore, the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13 are typically positioned at the same location when viewed from above along the thickness direction, but sometimes they are offset. Similarly, the peripheral portions 21A and 22B of the dimming films 21 and 22 are typically positioned at the same location when viewed from above along the thickness direction, but sometimes they are offset. Therefore, when they are offset, the distance between the peripheral portion of the closest transparent panel and the peripheral portion of the dimming film can be set as the distance L, but as described above, it is more preferable that the distance L is within the range of the distance L over the entire circumference.

[0166] In addition, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, when the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22 are positioned further inward than the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13, the intermediate film structure 10 preferably includes a sealing material 35 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the first and second dimming films 21 and 22. When the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22 are positioned on the inner peripheral side, gaps are created on the outer peripheral side of the dimming films 21 and 22 to the same extent as those on the inner peripheral side, but these gaps can be filled by the sealing material 35.

[0167] The sealing material 35 can be placed on the outer periphery of the dimming films 21 and 22, but if Figure 3 As shown, the dimming films 21 and 22 are preferably disposed on the outer peripheral side of the entire circumference. Therefore, as Figure 3 As shown, the sealing material 35 is preferably formed in a frame shape when viewed from above in the thickness direction. Furthermore, the sealing material 35 is disposed between the transparent panels 21 and 22. Additionally, the width of the frame-shaped sealing material 35 can be the same as the distance L.

[0168] In addition, Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, in the intermediate film structure 11, not only the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22, but also the peripheral portions 30A, 31A, and 32A of the transparent bonding layers 30, 31, and 32 can be positioned further inward than the peripheral portions 12A and 13A of the transparent panels 12 and 13. With this structure in the intermediate film structure 11, the sealing material 35 is disposed not only on the outer periphery of the dimming films 21 and 22, but also on the outer periphery of the bonding layers 30, 31, and 32. Furthermore, the thickness of the sealing material 35 is the same as the thickness of the intermediate film structure 11, and both sides of the sealing material 35 in the thickness direction are bonded to the transparent panels 12 and 13. Thus, in Figure 3 In this embodiment, the sealing material 35 easily ensures a high level of sealing performance.

[0169] Furthermore, the sealing material 35 can be bonded to the peripheral portions 30A, 31A, and 32A of each transparent bonding layer 30, 31, and 32 to form an integral structure. By bonding the sealing material 35 to each bonding layer 30, 31, and 32, the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 become a sealed structure formed by the bonding layers 30, 31, and 32 and the sealing material 35. Therefore, the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 can prevent water, oxygen, etc., from intruding from the outside, thus improving durability. Additionally, the sealing material 35 can also be appropriately bonded to the peripheral portions 21A and 22A of the dimming films 21 and 22.

[0170] However, as Figure 4 As shown, the sealing material 35 can also be configured to be disposed only on the outer side of the dimming films 21 and 22, and the peripheral portions 30A, 31A, and 32A of each transparent bonding layer 30, 31, and 32 are disposed on the outer side of the peripheral portions 21A and 21B of the dimming films 21 and 22. In this case, two sealing materials 35 are provided on the outer side of each dimming film 21 and 22 as first and second sealing materials 35A and 35B, respectively. Moreover, in the region on the outer periphery of the dimming films 21 and 22, a stacked structure of the first surface transparent bonding layer 31, the first sealing material 35A, the inner transparent bonding layer 30, the second sealing material 35B, and the second surface transparent bonding layer 32 is formed.

[0171] In addition, such as Figure 5As shown, the sealing material 35 can also be configured as being disposed on the outer periphery of the inner transparent bonding layer 30 between the dimming films 21 and 22, and the peripheral portions 31A and 32A of the surface transparent bonding layers 31 and 32 are disposed on the outer periphery of the peripheral portions 21A and 21B of the dimming films 21 and 22. With this structure, the region on the outer periphery of the dimming films 21 and 22 becomes a stacked structure of the first surface transparent bonding layer 31, the sealing material 35, and the second surface transparent bonding layer 32. Furthermore, the sealing material 35 can have the same thickness as the combined thickness of the dimming films 21 and 22 and the transparent bonding layer 30, and both sides of the sealing material 35 in the thickness direction can be bonded to the surface transparent bonding layers 31 and 32.

[0172] In addition, such as Figure 2 , 4 When the sealing material 35 is provided as shown in embodiment 5, the lead-out electrodes (not shown) of each dimming film 21, 22 are, for example, in Figure 2 In the structure, it can extend outward through the space between the sealing material 35 and the transparent panel 21 or the transparent panel 22. Figure 4 , 5 The structure can extend outwards through the space between the sealing material 35 and the bonding layer.

[0173] (Sealing material)

[0174] The sealing material is preferably made of resin, and more preferably of thermoplastic resin. When the sealing material is made of thermoplastic resin, it can be easily bonded to a transparent panel or other transparent bonding layer by heat pressing.

[0175] The thermoplastic resin used in the sealing material can be appropriately selected from thermoplastic resins listed as suitable for use in transparent bonding layers. By using this resin, the sealing material can be bonded to a transparent panel or other transparent bonding layer even under relatively low-temperature hot-pressing, preventing damage to the dimming film during hot-pressing. Furthermore, the thermoplastic resin used in the sealing material is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin, and more preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin. Using a polyvinyl acetal resin provides excellent adhesion to transparent panels, especially transparent panels made of inorganic glass. Additionally, it also provides excellent adhesion to transparent bonding layers, dimming films, and the like.

[0176] From the viewpoint of adhesion to other transparent bonding layers, the sealing material is preferably made of the same type of resin as the transparent bonding layer disposed on the intermediate membrane structure.

[0177] Therefore, when the intermediate membrane structure includes a first and a second surface transparent bonding layer and an inner transparent bonding layer in addition to the sealing material, the thermoplastic resin used in the sealing material, the first and second surface transparent bonding layers and the inner transparent bonding layer is preferably a polyvinyl acetal resin, and more preferably a polyvinyl butyral resin.

[0178] In the sealing material, thermoplastic resin can be the main component, and its content relative to the total amount of the sealing material can be 50% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, and more preferably 80% by mass or more.

[0179] In addition, sealing materials may also contain plasticizers. When sealing materials contain plasticizers, they become more flexible, and their adhesion to transparent panels or other transparent bonding layers is also improved. Examples of plasticizers include monobasic and polybasic organic esters.

[0180] In addition, if necessary, the sealing material may also contain additives other than plasticizers, such as fillers, infrared absorbers, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, light stabilizers, fluorescent whitening agents, crystal nucleating agents, dispersants, dyes, pigments, metal carboxylic acid salts, and heat insulation materials.

[0181] In addition, such as Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment, it is preferable to provide a touch sensor 37 inside the intermediate membrane structure 11. For example, the touch sensor 37 may be provided in a space 37A inside the intermediate membrane structure 11 and disposed in that space 37A.

[0182] like Figure 6 As shown, space 37A may have a cutout in a portion of the first dimming film 21, and touch sensor 37 may be disposed in the cutout portion (space 37A).

[0183] However, the space 37A for setting the touch sensor 37 is not limited to the cut in the first dimming film 21, but may also be formed by cuts, hollow portions, etc. provided on at least one of the first and second dimming films 21, 22, adhesive layers 30, 31, 32, and sealing material 35.

[0184] Touch sensor 37 has at least a conductive layer. When a finger, stylus, or other object approaches or touches any of the transparent panels, electrical changes such as electrostatic capacitance, current, and voltage are generated, thus enabling touch input. Furthermore, in this specification, "touch input" broadly refers to situations where the finger, stylus, or other object does not need to be in close contact with the opposing panel structure; any electrical change in the conductive layer caused by the approach of the finger or other object is also considered touch input. Additionally, the type of touch sensor is not particularly limited; examples include capacitive and resistive film sensors.

[0185] A lead-out electrode (not shown) is connected to the touch sensor 37, but the lead-out electrode can be led out to the outside through the layers constituting the intermediate film structure, the sealing material, and the transparent panel.

[0186] Figure 7 This refers to a mating panel structure having an intermediate membrane structure according to another embodiment. Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, the first dimming film 21 is divided into multiple independently controllable segments (in... Figure 7 The medium is divided into sections 26A, 26B, 26C, and 26D, each of which can independently switch between light transmission and light scattering. For example, in the first dimming film 21, the conductive layer is divided into multiple sections corresponding to each section 26A to 26D, and the application and non-application of voltage can be switched for each section. Thus, the light transmission mode and light scattering mode can be switched independently for each section.

[0187] With this structure, in this embodiment, partial shielding can be achieved in the mating panel structure, thus improving user usability.

[0188] In addition, Figure 7 In the embodiment shown, in the case where the sealing material 35 is not provided, the first dimming film is divided into multiple segments, but as in... Figures 2-5 In the way the sealing material 35 is set as shown, it can also be divided into multiple sections.

[0189] in addition, Figure 6 The illustrated embodiment includes a touch sensor 37 in the case where a sealing material 35 is provided, but for example, in the case where a sealing material 35 is not provided... Figure 1 In the illustrated method, a touch sensor can also be installed. Furthermore, the form of the sealing material 35 when installing a touch sensor is not limited to... Figure 6 The shape shown can be any shape.

[0190] Based on the above Figures 1-7 In the embodiments shown, the intermediate film structure has a first and second dimming films 21 and 22, and transparent bonding layers 30, 31 and 32, but one or more of the transparent bonding layers 30, 31 and 32 may be omitted.

[0191] Figure 8 This indicates an implementation where the transparent bonding layer 30 is omitted. For example... Figure 8 As shown, in a structure where the transparent bonding layer 30 is omitted, the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 can be directly laminated. In this case, the substrate films of the dimming films 21 and 22 can be bonded to each other by means of heat pressing, or they can be left unbonded.

[0192] Furthermore, it is preferable to provide a sealing material 35 on the outer periphery of the first and second dimming films 21 and 22, which is integrated with the surface transparent bonding layers 31 and 32. Moreover, the integrated surface transparent bonding layers 31 and 32 and the sealing material 35 can support the first and second dimming films 21 and 22, which are arranged in a manner that is embedded inside them.

[0193] Alternatively, in the intermediate film structure, instead of the internal transparent bonding layer 30, one or both of the surface transparent bonding layers 31 and 32 can be omitted. In this case, for example, the substrate films of the first and second dimming films 21 and 22 can be directly bonded to the transparent panels 12 and 13 by heat pressing or the like. Alternatively, all transparent bonding layers 30, 31, and 32 can be omitted.

[0194] Furthermore, the mating panel structure can have three or more dimming films, for example, it can have two or more of the first dimming films described above, or it can have two or more of the second dimming films. The three or more dimming films can be arranged along the thickness direction.

[0195] In addition, dimming films can be three or more different types of dimming films arranged in the thickness direction.

[0196] [Optical characteristics when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode]

[0197] (Visible light transmittance)

[0198] In the interlayer structure of the present invention, in a mating panel structure manufactured using the interlayer structure under specified conditions, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance measured by setting the first dimming film to light transmission mode can be adjusted to 1% or less by the second dimming film. Furthermore, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 0.1% or more and 1% or less, more preferably to 0.2% or more and 1% or less. In this case, by setting the second dimming film to light shielding mode, the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to within the aforementioned range.

[0199] As mentioned above, if the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to below 1%, heat rays can be adequately shielded in the interlayer structure. For example, when used in automotive windows, especially roof windows, it can prevent the interior of the vehicle from getting hot due to sunlight. Furthermore, if it is above 0.1%, due to a certain amount of light transmission, it can prevent complete shielding by the interlayer structure and also achieve a certain degree of openness.

[0200] Furthermore, the mating panel structure manufactured under specified conditions refers to a mating panel structure obtained by joining two pieces of transparent glass (visible light transmittance: 90.4%) with a thickness of 2.5 mm using a mating panel interlayer structure. The same applies below.

[0201] In the interlayer structure of the present invention, in a mating panel structure manufactured using this interlayer structure under specified conditions, the visible light transmittance measured by setting the first dimming film to light transmission mode can preferably be adjusted not only to below 1%, but also to above 10%, by the second dimming film. Furthermore, this visible light transmittance can more preferably be adjusted to above 20%, more preferably to above 30%, and preferably to between 10% and 60%, more preferably to between 20% and 50%, and even more preferably to between 30% and 50%. In this case, it is preferable to adjust these visible light transmittances within the specified range by setting the second dimming film to light transmission mode.

[0202] When the first dimming film is in light transmission mode, if the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to more than 10% through the second dimming film, the outside can be easily seen through the mating panel structure. In addition, since a large amount of external light can be introduced into the interior through the mating panel structure, a certain amount of external light can be introduced even in bad weather or at night, and a sense of openness can be achieved even in such environments.

[0203] Furthermore, as mentioned above, if the visible light transmittance can be adjusted not only to below 1% but also to above 10% through the second dimming film, then when the first dimming film is in light transmission mode, the visible light transmittance of the intermediate film structure can be significantly changed. Therefore, depending on external conditions (e.g., weather or time of day), it is possible to absorb a large amount of external light or suppress the transmission of external light accordingly, easily achieving a sense of openness regardless of external conditions.

[0204] (Tds)

[0205] In the interlayer membrane structure of the present invention, when a mating panel structure is manufactured using this interlayer membrane structure under specified conditions, the solar direct transmittance (Tds) measured with the first dimming film set to light transmission mode is preferably adjustable to 55% or less. If the solar direct transmittance (Tds) measured with the first dimming film set to light transmission mode can be adjusted to 55% or less, the interlayer membrane structure can ensure a certain level of heat insulation even when the first dimming film is in light transmission mode, and can effectively prevent the inflow of heat rays.

[0206] To ensure a certain level of heat insulation, even when the second dimming film is in light transmission mode, it is preferable to adjust the Tds to below 55% as described above, but more preferably to below 50% when the second dimming film is in light transmission mode. When both the first and second dimming films are in light transmission mode, from the viewpoint of ensuring a certain level of light transmittance, it is preferable to adjust the Tds to, for example, 30% or more.

[0207] Furthermore, from the viewpoint of ensuring sufficient heat insulation even on sunny days, the lower the Tds when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode and the second dimming film is set to light shielding mode, the better, for example, less than 30%, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 15%, and practically more preferably more than 1%, but it can also be more than 10%.

[0208] (Haze value)

[0209] In the interlayer structure of the present invention, when a mating panel structure is manufactured using this interlayer structure under specified conditions, it is preferable that the haze value measured when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode can be adjusted to 40% or less. If this haze value can be adjusted to 40% or less, light scattering when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode can be prevented, and a sense of openness can be easily obtained. In addition, when the second dimming film is in light transmission mode, it is sufficient for the haze value to be 40% or less, but in order to obtain a sufficient sense of openness, it is more preferable that it is 40% or less in either the light transmission mode or the light shielding mode of the second dimming film.

[0210] Furthermore, to ensure a certain sense of openness even in bad weather or at night, the haze value when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode and the second dimming film is set to light transmission mode should be as low as possible, preferably 20% or less, more preferably 15% or less, and even more preferably 10% or less. Additionally, the haze value only needs to be 0% or more, but in practical applications, it should be, for example, 1% or more.

[0211] [Optical characteristics when the first dimming film is set to light scattering mode]

[0212] (Visible light transmittance and haze value)

[0213] In the interlayer film structure of the present invention, when a mating panel structure is manufactured using this interlayer film structure under specified conditions, it is preferable that the haze value measured by setting the first dimming film to light scattering mode can be adjusted to 70% or more, and the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 20% or less. More preferably, the haze value is 80% or more, even more preferably 90% or more, and the visible light transmittance is more preferably 10% or less, even more preferably 5% or less, and even more preferably 1% or less. In the present invention, when the first dimming film is set to light scattering mode, if the visible light transmittance is reduced and the haze value is increased, the panel structure is sufficiently shielded by the first dimming film set to light scattering mode.

[0214] Furthermore, the intermediate film structure can adjust the visible light transmittance and haze value within the range as long as the second dimming film is at least in the light shielding mode. However, it is preferable that the visible light transmittance and haze value can be adjusted within the range in either the light transmission mode or the light shielding mode of the second dimming film.

[0215] (Tds)

[0216] In the interlayer structure of the present invention, when a mating panel structure is manufactured using this interlayer structure under specified conditions, it is preferable that the Tds measured when the first dimming film is set to light scattering mode is lower than the Tds when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode and the second dimming film is set to light shielding mode. Furthermore, this Tds is preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 6%. This Tds can be preferably adjusted within the stated range in either the light transmission mode or the light shielding mode of the second dimming film, but when the second dimming film is in the light shielding mode, the Tds can be further reduced, preferably less than 4%, more preferably less than 3%. Thus, in the present invention, the Tds value can be made extremely low, and heat insulation can be achieved at a level comparable to that of a mechanical light shield.

[0217] Furthermore, the measurements of visible light transmittance, Tds, and haze value can be performed simply by incidenting a light beam onto the surface located on the outdoor side. Therefore, in the aforementioned mating panel structure 10, it is preferable to perform the measurements by incident a light beam from the transparent panel 13 side (i.e., the side of the second dimming film 22).

[0218] [How to Use]

[0219] The intermediate membrane structure and mating panel structure of the present invention can be used for window glass in various vehicles such as automobiles, aircraft, ships, buildings, etc., but are preferred for use in building applications and automotive applications.

[0220] In automobiles, heat rays flow from outside the car into the interior through the windows, sometimes causing the interior to heat up. Similarly, in buildings, heat rays flow into the building through the windows, sometimes causing the interior to heat up. However, the intermediate film structure of this invention, through a suitable combination of dimming films, can effectively prevent heat rays from flowing into the car or building interior.

[0221] Furthermore, the interlayer membrane structure and mating panel structure of the present invention are particularly preferred for use in automobiles. When used in automobiles, they can be used in any type of window glass, such as side windows, rear windows, and roof windows, but are preferred for use in roof windows. Roof windows receive a large amount of heat from sunlight shining from above, but in the present invention, the interlayer membrane structure effectively prevents heat from entering. Furthermore, by using the interlayer membrane structure and mating panel structure of the present invention in the roof window, a sense of openness is more easily achieved.

[0222] Furthermore, roof glass only needs to be partially located on the roof; for example, glass extending across the roof and rear is also considered roof glass. Additionally, the roof of a car is the top surface of the vehicle body, and roof glass is generally positioned horizontally or at a slight angle (e.g., within 20°) relative to the horizontal. An angle refers to the straight line connecting the ends of the glass located on the roof being inclined relative to the horizontal.

[0223] In addition, the area of ​​the roof glass is preferably 1m². 2 The above, preferably 1.5m 2 above.

[0224] The intermediate film structure and the mating panel structure of the present invention can be used by appropriately switching the light transmission mode and light scattering mode of the first dimming film and appropriately adjusting the visible light transmittance of the second dimming film. Furthermore, as described above, the second dimming film can switch between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode; therefore, in the case where the second dimming film is, for example, an SPD film, the visible light transmittance can also be adjusted by adjusting the voltage value in the light transmission mode.

[0225] For example, if complete shielding from external light is desired, the first dimming film can be set to light scattering mode, and the second dimming film to light shielding mode. In such a mode, it becomes difficult to see outside through the mating panel structure, but the thermal distortion (Tds) is lower, effectively shielding heat. Therefore, for example, in applications involving roof glass, sufficient heat insulation can be achieved through shielding with the first and second dimming films when roof glass is not required, preventing the vehicle interior from heating up due to sunlight.

[0226] On the other hand, when it is desirable to isolate the exterior view of the mating panel structure or to achieve a sense of openness, the first dimming film can be set to light-transmitting mode. In this case, depending on the external conditions, the second dimming film can be either light-shielding or light-transmitting. If the first dimming film is set to light-transmitting mode and the second dimming film is set to light-shielding mode, the mating panel structure will have some heat insulation while also achieving a certain degree of light transmittance. Conversely, if the second dimming film is set to light-transmitting mode, high light transmittance can be achieved, ensuring high visibility.

[0227] Therefore, in the case of roof glass, it is possible to suppress the heat inside the car caused by sunlight to a certain extent, while also providing a sense of openness, or to allow for external observation through high visibility, depending on the external conditions.

[0228] Furthermore, when using an SPD film, the second dimming film can also adjust the visible light transmittance by adjusting the voltage applied in the light transmission mode, thus allowing for fine adjustments to the light transmittance based on external conditions.

[0229] [Manufacturing method of interlayer membrane structure and mating panel structure]

[0230] In this invention, during the manufacture of the intermediate membrane structure, firstly, a first and a second dimming membrane and a resin film for forming a transparent bonding layer are prepared, as needed. Additionally, if a sealing material is required, a resin film for sealing material, for example, processed into a frame shape, is prepared.

[0231] Then, the first and second dimming films and the bonding layer resin film are appropriately overlapped, and a sealing material resin film is disposed on the outer periphery of the dimming film as needed. They are then pressed and hot-pressed along the thickness direction, thereby manufacturing an intermediate film structure. The temperature during hot pressing is as described above, for example, 30°C to 120°C, preferably 40°C to 100°C. Furthermore, the pressure during hot pressing is not particularly limited; negative pressure pressing is also possible, for example, a gauge pressure of approximately -780 mbar.

[0232] Next, the obtained intermediate film structure and two transparent panels can be used to manufacture a mating panel structure. Specifically, it can be done using a general method for manufacturing mating glass, without particular limitation. For example, it can be obtained by placing an intermediate film structure between two transparent panels and pressing them together in an autoclave or similar device at a temperature of, for example, 30°C to 120°C or less, preferably 40°C to 100°C or less.

[0233] Furthermore, in this invention, the mating panel structure can be manufactured simultaneously with the formation of the intermediate film structure. Specifically, the first and second dimming films and the bonding layer resin film can be appropriately overlapped, and a sealing material resin film can be disposed on the outer periphery of the dimming film as needed. With these disposed between two transparent panels, they are then heat-pressed together under pressure along the thickness direction. Thus, the outermost surface of the intermediate film structure is bonded to each transparent panel simultaneously with the formation of the intermediate film structure, allowing for the simultaneous manufacture of both the intermediate film structure and the mating panel structure. The heat-pressing temperature is, for example, 30°C to 120°C or less, preferably 40°C to 100°C or less. The heat-pressing pressure is not particularly limited; negative pressure pressing is also possible, for example, a gauge pressure of approximately -780 mbar. Additionally, in this method, when obtaining the mating panel structure by heat pressing, a temporary bonding can be appropriately performed before heat pressing under the aforementioned conditions.

[0234] Example

[0235] The invention is illustrated in more detail by way of examples, but the invention is not limited by these examples.

[0236] The methods for measuring the haze value, visible light transmittance, and Tds of dimming films and mating panel structures are as follows.

[0237] [Visible light transmittance (Tv)]

[0238] The measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer (“U-4100” manufactured by Hitachi High Tech Noroge Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS R3106:2019.

[0239] [Tds]

[0240] Using a spectrophotometer (Hitachi High Tech Noroge Co., Ltd. "U-4100"), Tds at wavelengths of 300–2500 nm were measured in accordance with ISO 13837.

[0241] [Haze value]

[0242] Measurements were performed using a haze meter (TC-HIIIDPK manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd.) in accordance with JIS K6714.

[0243] in addition:

[0244] [Example 1]

[0245] First, the following materials were prepared. The thickness of each layer is shown in Table 1.

[0246] Transparent panel: A transparent glass plate with a visible light transmittance of 90.4% as measured according to JIS R3202:2011.

[0247] First dimming film: Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film, manufactured by Gauzy Corporation, with voltage OFF for time scattering mode and voltage ON (70V) for time transmission mode.

[0248] Second dimming film: SPD film, manufactured by Gauzy Corporation; it operates in light-shielding mode when the voltage is OFF and in light-transmitting mode when the voltage is ON (70V).

[0249] The first and second surface transparent bonding layers and the inner transparent bonding layer: a resin film (1) composed of polyvinyl butyral resin containing plasticizer, with a thickness of 0.38 mm.

[0250] Resin film (1), first dimming film, resin film (1), second dimming film, and resin film (1) are sequentially overlapped and hot-pressed at 70°C and -780 mbar (gauge pressure) to integrate them into an intermediate film structure. Next, the obtained intermediate film structure and other transparent panels are overlapped on a transparent panel and integrated using an autoclave at 90°C and 3 bar (gauge pressure) to obtain a mating panel structure. The mating panel structure has the following characteristics: Figure 1 The layered structure shown consists of two transparent panels separated by an intermediate membrane structure.

[0251] [Example 2]

[0252] The resin film used as the transparent bonding layer for the first and second surfaces is prepared using the same material as in Example 1, except that the following resin film (2) is prepared.

[0253] The first and second surface transparent bonding layers: "S-LEC Film#7082" (colored film) manufactured by Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd., with a thickness of 0.38mm.

[0254] Resin film (2), first dimming film, resin film (1), second dimming film, and resin film (2) are sequentially overlapped and hot-pressed under the same conditions as in Example 1, thereby integrating them to obtain an intermediate film structure. Then, a mating panel structure is fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1. The mating panel structure has the following characteristics: Figure 1 The layered structure shown consists of two transparent panels separated by an intermediate membrane structure.

[0255] [Comparative Example 1]

[0256] In addition to the resin film (1) with a thickness of 0.76 mm, the following resin film (3) is also prepared as the resin film for the transparent bonding layer. In addition, the same first dimming film and transparent panel as in Example 1 are prepared.

[0257] Transparent bonding layer (resin film (3): "S-LEC Film#7018" (colored film) manufactured by Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd., with a thickness of 0.76 mm)

[0258] The resin film (1), the first dimming film, and the resin film (3) are sequentially overlapped and heat-pressed under the same conditions as in Example 1, thereby integrating them to obtain an intermediate film structure. Then, the mating panel structure is obtained in the same way as in Example 1. The mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / first dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0259] [Comparative Example 2]

[0260] Except that a second dimming film is used instead of a first dimming film to obtain an intermediate film structure and a mating panel structure, the same implementation as in Comparative Example 1 is performed. The mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / second dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0261] [Comparative Example 3]

[0262] In addition to the resin film (1) with a thickness of 0.76 mm, the following resin film (4) is also prepared as the resin film used for the transparent bonding layer. In addition, the same first dimming film and transparent panel as in Example 1 are also prepared.

[0263] Transparent bonding layer (resin film (4): "S-LEC Solar Control Film" manufactured by Sekisui Chemicals Co., Ltd., with a thickness of 0.76 mm)

[0264] The resin film (1), the first dimming film, and the resin film (4) are sequentially overlapped and heat-pressed under the same conditions as in Example 1, thereby integrating them to obtain an intermediate film structure. Then, the mating panel structure is obtained in the same way as in Example 1. The mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / first dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0265] [Comparative Example 4]

[0266] Except that a second dimming film is used instead of a first dimming film to obtain an intermediate film structure and a mating panel structure, the same implementation as in Comparative Example 3 is performed. The mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / second dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0267] [Comparative Example 5]

[0268] As a resin film for use as a transparent bonding layer, two resin films (1) with a thickness of 0.76 mm are prepared. In addition, a first dimming film and a transparent panel, the same as in Example 1, are prepared.

[0269] The resin film (1), the first dimming film, and the resin film (1) are sequentially overlapped and heat-pressed under the same conditions as in Example 1, thereby integrating them to obtain an intermediate film structure. Using the obtained intermediate film structure, a mating panel structure is fabricated using the same method as in Example 1. The resulting mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / first dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0270] [Comparative Example 6]

[0271] Except that a second dimming film is used instead of a first dimming film to obtain an intermediate film structure and a mating panel structure, the same implementation as in Comparative Example 5 is performed. The mating panel structure has a laminated structure of transparent panel / transparent bonding layer / second dimming film / transparent bonding layer / transparent panel.

[0272] For the mating panel structures obtained in the examples and comparative examples, the visible light transmittance, haze value, and Tds were measured when the voltages of the first and second dimming films were switched ON and OFF, respectively. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0273] Table 1

[0274]

[0275] ※The first dimming film operates in light transmission mode when the voltage is ON and in light scattering mode when the voltage is OFF.

[0276] ※The second dimming film is in light transmission mode when the voltage is ON, and in light shielding mode when the voltage is OFF.

[0277] As shown in Table 1, in each embodiment, if the first dimming film is set to ON, the light transmittance increases when the second dimming film is ON, thus improving visibility. Furthermore, while maintaining a Tds value below a certain threshold, a certain level of heat insulation is ensured. Conversely, if the second dimming film is OFF when the first dimming film is ON, the Tds value is further reduced, ensuring good heat insulation. At the same time, although the visible light transmittance is low, it remains above a certain threshold, providing a certain sense of openness. On the other hand, when the first dimming film is OFF, setting the second dimming film to OFF also results in a low Tds value, effectively blocking sunlight. Therefore, the mating panel structure in each embodiment, through mode switching, can achieve both a sense of openness and heat insulation, and further, depending on the mode, ensure high visibility.

[0278] In contrast, in Comparative Examples 1, 3, and 5, since there was no second dimming film, although a low Tds value and sufficient sunlight blocking could be obtained when the first dimming filter was set to OFF, the Tds value was high when the first dimming film was set to ON, making it difficult to achieve a sense of openness while ensuring sufficient heat insulation. Furthermore, in Comparative Examples 2, 4, and 6, since there was no first dimming film, even when set to light-shielding mode, the Tds value could not be sufficiently reduced, resulting in insufficient heat insulation.

[0279] Explanation of symbols in attached drawings

[0280] 10 mating panel structures

[0281] 11 Intermediate Membrane Structure

[0282] Peripheral portions of 12A, 13A, 21A, 22A, 31A, 32A, and 33A

[0283] 12, 13 transparent panels

[0284] 21. First dimming film

[0285] 22. Second dimming film

[0286] Sections 26A to 26D

[0287] 30 Internal transparent bonding layer

[0288] 31 First surface transparent bonding layer

[0289] 32 Second Surface Transparent Bonding Layer

[0290] 35 Sealing Material

[0291] 35A No. 1 Sealing Material

[0292] 35B Second Sealing Material

[0293] 37 Touch Sensors

[0294] L distance

Claims

1. A type of interlayer structure for laminated panels, used sandwiched between two transparent panels, comprising a first dimming film capable of switching between light transmission and light scattering, and a second dimming film capable of adjusting visible light transmittance, wherein the first dimming film and the second dimming film are arranged in the thickness direction. The second dimming film can switch between light transmission mode and light shielding mode. In light shielding mode, the visible light transmittance is less than 25%, and the haze value is less than 60%. The mating panel structure, obtained by joining two 2.5mm thick transparent glass sheets separated by an intermediate film structure, enables the direct solar transmittance (Tds) measured when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode to be adjusted to below 55%. The mating panel structure, which is formed by joining two pieces of transparent glass with a thickness of 2.5 mm through an intermediate film structure, allows the haze value measured when the first dimming film is set to light transmission mode to be adjusted to below 40%.

2. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1, wherein the second dimming film is disposed on the outer side of the screen further than the first dimming film.

3. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, comprising an internal transparent bonding layer disposed between the first dimming film and the second dimming film to bond the dimming films.

4. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 3, wherein the first dimming film and the second dimming film are heat-pressed together, separated by the inner transparent bonding layer.

5. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the outermost surface of the interlayer structure for mating panels has a surface-transparent bonding layer.

6. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the mating panel structure obtained by joining two transparent glass sheets with a thickness of 2.5 mm through the interlayer film structure for mating panels, enables the visible light transmittance measured by setting the first dimming film to light transmission mode to be adjusted to less than 1% and more than 10% by the second dimming film.

7. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the peripheral portions of the first dimming film and the second dimming film are disposed on the inner peripheral side at a distance of 10 mm or more from the peripheral portion of the transparent panel.

8. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as claimed in claim 7, comprising a sealing material disposed on the outer peripheral sides of the first dimming film and the second dimming film.

9. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein a touch sensor for controlling at least one of the first dimming film and the second dimming film is provided inside the interlayer film structure for mating panels.

10. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first dimming film is divided into multiple independently controllable segments.

11. The interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first dimming film is either a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film or a polymer-networked liquid crystal film.

12. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the second dimming film is any one of an electrochromic film, an SPD film, and an electrophoretic film device.

13. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first dimming film has a visible light transmittance of 60% or more and 100% or less in light transmission mode, and a haze value of 0% or more and 30% or less.

14. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first dimming film has a visible light transmittance of 0% or more and 40% or less in light scattering mode, and a haze value of 70% or more and 100% or less.

15. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the second dimming film is capable of switching between a light transmission mode and a light shielding mode. In the light transmission mode, the visible light transmittance is above 25% and below 100%, and the haze value is above 0% and below 30%.

16. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 3, wherein the inner transparent bonding layer is a thermoplastic resin layer.

17. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 16, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the inner transparent bonding layer is selected from one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

18. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 5, wherein the transparent bonding layer on the surface is a thermoplastic resin layer.

19. The interlayer structure for mating panels as described in claim 18, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the transparent bonding layer is selected from one or more of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

20. The interlayer structure for a mating panel as claimed in claim 5, comprising an internal transparent bonding layer disposed between the first dimming film and the second dimming film to bond the dimming films, wherein the interlayer structure for a mating panel sequentially comprises the surface transparent bonding layer, the first dimming film, the internal transparent bonding layer, the second dimming film and the surface transparent bonding layer.

21. The interlayer structure for mating panels as claimed in claim 8, wherein the sealing material is formed of a thermoplastic resin.

22. The interlayer membrane structure for mating panels as described in claim 21, wherein the thermoplastic resin in the sealing material is selected from one or more of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer, polyolefin resin, cyclic olefin resin and polyvinyl acetal resin.

23. The interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein in the mating panel structure obtained by joining two transparent glass sheets of 2.5 mm thickness as a separator between the interlayer film structure for mating panels, the haze value measured by setting the first dimming film to light scattering mode can be adjusted to 70% or more, and the visible light transmittance can be adjusted to 20% or less.

24. In the interlayer film structure for mating panels as described in claim 1 or 2, in the mating panel structure obtained by joining two transparent glass sheets with a thickness of 2.5 mm between the interlayer film structure for mating panels, the direct solar transmittance Tds measured when the first dimming film is set to light scattering mode is less than 10%.

25. The interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first dimming film has two substrate films and a dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films.

26. The interlayer structure for a mating panel as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the second dimming film has two substrate films and a dimming layer disposed between the two substrate films.

27. A mating panel structure comprising an interlayer structure for mating panels as described in any one of claims 1 to 26, and two transparent panels. The mating panel is configured by sandwiching an intermediate membrane structure between the two transparent panels.

28. The mating panel structure as described in claim 27, wherein the thickness is 7 mm or less.

29. The mating panel structure as described in claim 27 or 28 is for use with automotive roof glass.

30. The mating panel structure as described in claim 27 or 28 is for building applications.

Images