A surfactant containing benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt and its application

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of mineral screening technology, and in particular to a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt and its application; the surfactant includes an amine cation, the structural formula of the amine cation is shown in Formula 1: #imgabs0# Formula 1; wherein the R1 group is a straight-chain alkane group; since the surfactant contains a benzyl group, an amide group, an alkane group and a quaternary ammonium group, it not only has better selectivity for minerals, but also increases the hydrophobicity of the surfactant, thereby being more conducive to the capture of minerals, and can also improve the degradability of the surfactant, thereby making the surfactant more environmentally friendly, thereby obtaining a new and efficient cationic collector.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mineral screening, and in particular to a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt and its application. Background Art

[0002] At present, domestic bauxite is mainly kaolinite and illite bauxite, and among the bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization collectors, most commonly used are amine cationic collectors. Commonly used amine cationic collectors mainly include dodecylamine, dodecyltrimethylammonium salt and dodecyldimethylbenzyl quaternary ammonium salt and other compounds. Among them, quaternary ammonium salt collectors are more studied, and quaternary ammonium salt compounds are mainly alkyl quaternary ammonium salts. Among the alkyl quaternary ammonium salts, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride has a better effect on bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization than dodecylammonium. Studies have shown that the effect of dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride on aluminosilicate minerals is mainly electrostatic effect.

[0003] Currently, the application of cationic collectors in the flotation of potash and lepidolite ores, or the reverse flotation desiliconization and impurity removal of iron ore and bauxite, each has its own unique characteristics, but still has certain shortcomings. These include poor biodegradability, which can easily cause environmental pollution; sensitivity to ore slime, resulting in poor selectivity; and flotation efficiency far lower than that of direct flotation desiliconization. Existing cationic collectors are primarily based on dodecylamine or other long-chain fatty amines. Although years of research have led to the development of polyamines, polyetheramines, tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, and alkylguanidines, significantly promoting the development of cationic collectors, their application in reverse flotation desiliconization processes remains relatively slow. Furthermore, existing collectors suffer from drawbacks such as inconvenient reagent configuration, high foam viscosity, and poor selectivity during flotation.

[0004] At present, the research on cationic collectors mainly focuses on etheramines and quaternary ammonium salts. However, these directions still have disadvantages such as difficult synthesis and high cost, which seriously hinder the promotion and application of bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization. Therefore, how to provide a new and efficient cationic collector to improve the cationic reverse flotation desiliconization process is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt and its application to solve the technical problems of difficult synthesis and high cost of cationic collectors in the prior art.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the surfactant includes an amine cation, and the structural formula of the amine cation is shown in Formula 1:

[0007]

[0008] Formula 1;

[0009] Wherein, the R1 group is a straight-chain alkane group.

[0010] Optionally, the carbon chain length of the straight-chain alkane group is 11 to 17.

[0011] Optionally, the main chain of the amine cation includes at least one of a benzyl group, an amide group and a quaternary ammonium group.

[0012] Optionally, the side chain of the amine cation includes at least one of a benzyl group, an amide group and a quaternary ammonium group.

[0013] Optionally, the surfactant further comprises halide ions.

[0014] Optionally, the halide ion includes Cl - or Br - .

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the surfactant according to the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0016] A tertiary alkylamine and a haloalkyl are subjected to a quaternization reaction to obtain an intermediate;

[0017] A catalyst is added to the intermediate for catalysis, and then alkylbenzylamine is added to carry out amidation reaction to obtain a surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt.

[0018] Optionally, the alkyl tertiary amine includes an alkyl tertiary amine with a carbon chain length of 12 to 18; and / or,

[0019] The haloalkyl group includes sodium chloroacetate and / or sodium bromoacetate; and / or,

[0020] The alkylbenzylamine is benzyloxyamine hydrochloride.

[0021] Optionally, the alkyl tertiary amine includes lauryl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine and / or stearyl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine.

[0022] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt, the application comprising:

[0023] Using the surfactant described in the first aspect as a collector in reverse flotation desiliconization of bauxite;

[0024] Wherein, the pH value of the bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization is 5-6.

[0025] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0026] The embodiments of the present application provide a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt. The designed amine cation contains a quaternary ammonium group that is affinity with mineral surface groups. The quaternary ammonium group can generate electrostatic interactions with the surface of siliceous mineral particles, thereby adsorbing on the surface of the mineral particles, so that the siliceous mineral particles are floated out, making the amine cation more selective for minerals. The introduction of benzyl and alkane groups, both of which are hydrophobic groups, can increase the hydrophobicity of the surfactant, thereby being more conducive to the capture of minerals. Compared with conventional reverse flotation desiliconization collectors, the flotation efficiency and silicon recovery rate can be effectively improved. The introduction of amide groups, due to their good hydrophilicity, can also improve the degradability of the surfactant, making the surfactant more environmentally friendly, thereby obtaining a new and efficient cationic collector. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic flow diagram of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the actual process of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an open-circuit process for the application of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt in bauxite flotation desiliconization according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A closed-circuit flow chart of the application of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt in bauxite flotation desiliconization provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0035] The creative thinking behind this application is:

[0036] At present, the main application directions of cationic collectors are:

[0037] (1) Patent CN102259062A discloses a method for preparing organosilicon quaternary ammonium salt compounds and their application in the flotation separation of potassium chloride and sodium chloride and the reverse flotation desiliconization and impurity removal of iron ore and bauxite.

[0038] (2) Patent CN101337204 discloses the use of diquaternary ammonium salt compounds as flotation collectors in reverse flotation desiliconization of bauxite and iron ore.

[0039] (3) Patent CN107442287A discloses the use of a Gemini surfactant in the reverse flotation desiliconization and impurity removal of potash ore, lepidolite ore or iron ore, and bauxite.

[0040] (4) Patent CN1507954A discloses a collector for reverse flotation desiliconization and its preparation method. The collector is a composite quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant containing a quaternary ammonium group and / or a benzyl group-containing quaternary ammonium salt compound, and is suitable for reverse flotation separation of silicate minerals from iron ores such as magnetite, hematite and ilmenite, and ores containing silicate minerals such as bauxite.

[0041] (5) Patent CN106238215A discloses a quaternary ammonium salt cationic collector and its synthesis method. A diquaternary ammonium salt is synthesized by a two-step method and is mainly used for the reverse flotation desiliconization of collophosphate.

[0042] (6) Patent CN112657681A discloses a cationic collector and its preparation method and application, which is used for desiliconization of iron ore, desiliconization of magnesite, desiliconization of phosphate rock, flotation of feldspar, adaptive flotation or silicate flotation.

[0043] (7) Patent CN112474061A discloses the preparation and application of a quaternary ammonium salt cationic collector containing an ester group for reverse flotation of phosphate rock. The collector contains an ester group, which makes the collector have a good degradation effect. It contains a long carbon chain and a quaternary ammonium group. However, the amount used in the reverse flotation of phosphate rock is too large and the cost is high. In addition, the raw material N,N-dimethylethanolamine is a controlled product and is flammable and toxic.

[0044] (8) Patent CN107716116A discloses a preparation method and application of an iron ore reverse flotation collector.

[0045] (9) Patent CN110605183A discloses a desiliconized aluminum collector for reverse flotation of phosphate rock, its preparation method, and use. The collector comprises a mixed amine, a mixed alcohol, and methyl cocoate. Patent CN110038728A discloses a method for reverse flotation of hematite using a highly degradable amine collector. The collector used is lauramide propyl dimethylamine oxide. CN109847944A discloses a method for preparing N-(2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl)alkylamine, which is suitable for the field of reverse flotation of iron ore.

[0046] (10) CN103769307B discloses a water-soluble collector containing a tertiary amine with two hydroxypropyl groups for use in iron ore flotation. This collector has good water solubility but weak collecting ability and is not easy to form foams.

[0047] (11) CN107350084A discloses a triquaternary ammonium salt compound for mineral flotation, which has three mineralophilic groups and is used for the flotation of minerals such as phosphate ore and iron ore.

[0048] (12) CN113751207A discloses a collector, its preparation method and application. The prepared hydrophobic nanoparticle collector is used for desulfurization and collection of fine-grained high-sulfur bauxite by reverse flotation, and belongs to a desulfurization collector.

[0049] (13) CN113769896A discloses a collector, its preparation method and application. The prepared collector mainly captures aluminum minerals in bauxite and is a positive flotation desiliconization collector, which is different from the reverse flotation desiliconization collector of the present invention.

[0050] The aforementioned existing technologies each have their own unique characteristics for use in the flotation of potash ores and lepidolite or the reverse flotation desiliconization and impurity removal of iron ores and bauxite, but they still have certain deficiencies. These include poor biodegradability of the collectors, which can easily cause environmental pollution; sensitivity to ore slime and poor selectivity; and flotation efficiency far below that of direct flotation desiliconization. Existing cationic collectors are primarily based on dodecylamine or other long-chain fatty amines. Although years of research have led to the development of polyamines, polyetheramines, tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, and alkylguanidines, significantly promoting the development of cationic collectors, their application in reverse flotation desiliconization processes remains relatively slow. Furthermore, existing collectors suffer from disadvantages such as inconvenient reagent configuration, high foam viscosity, and poor selectivity during flotation.

[0051] At present, the research on cationic collectors mainly focuses on etheramines and quaternary ammonium salts. However, these directions still have disadvantages such as difficult synthesis and high cost, which seriously hinder the promotion and application of bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization. Therefore, how to provide a new and efficient cationic collector to improve the cationic reverse flotation desiliconization process is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt, wherein the surfactant includes an amine cation, and the structural formula of the amine cation is shown in Formula 1:

[0053]

[0054] Formula 1;

[0055] Wherein, the R1 group is an alkane group.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the R1 group is a straight-chain alkane group, and the carbon chain length of the straight-chain alkane group is 11 to 17.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the R1 group is controlled to be a straight-chain alkyl group, and the carbon chain length of the straight-chain alkyl group is limited. Since the long-chain alkane group has good hydrophobicity, it can cooperate with the benzyl group to improve the hydrophobicity of the amine cation, thereby increasing the hydrophobic ability of the surfactant, which is beneficial to the capture of minerals. Therefore, compared with conventional reverse flotation desiliconization collectors, the flotation efficiency and silicon recovery rate can be effectively improved.

[0058] In some optional embodiments, the main chain of the amine cation includes at least one of a benzyl group, an amide group, and a quaternary ammonium group.

[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific distribution of benzyl, amide and quaternary ammonium groups in the amine cations is controlled so that each group can be reasonably distributed in the amine cations. The selectivity of the amine cations for the mineral surface can be improved by the quaternary ammonium group, and the hydrophobicity of the amine cations can be improved by the benzyl and alkane groups. The hydrophobicity of the amine cations is improved, and the introduction of amide groups can improve the degradability of the amine cations.

[0060] In some optional embodiments, the side chain of the amine cation includes at least one of a benzyl group, an amide group, and a quaternary ammonium group.

[0061] The rational distribution of various groups in the amine cations can improve the selectivity of the amine cations for the mineral surface through the quaternary ammonium group, and then improve the hydrophobicity of the amine cations through the benzyl and alkane groups, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of the amine cations. At the same time, the introduction of amide groups can improve the degradability of the amine cations.

[0062] In some optional embodiments, the surfactant further comprises halide ions.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, the halide ion includes Cl - or Br - .

[0064] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific anion of the controlled surfactant is a halide ion, because the halide ion in the surfactant can reduce the possibility of foaming and improve the fluidity of the foam generated after flotation.

[0065] Based on a general inventive concept, the present application provides a method for preparing the surfactant, the method comprising:

[0066] S1. quaternizing an alkyl tertiary amine and an alkyl halide to obtain an intermediate;

[0067] S2. Add a catalyst to the intermediate for catalysis, and then add alkylbenzylamine to carry out amidation reaction to obtain a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the molar ratio of tertiary alkylamine, alkyl halide and alkylbenzylamine is 1.2:1:1.2.

[0069] The alkyl tertiary amine and the alkyl halide are subjected to a quaternization reaction to obtain an intermediate. The specific steps are as follows:

[0070] Add the tertiary amine to a reaction vessel, add anhydrous ethanol, and stir for 10–20 minutes. Then, add sodium chloroacetate or sodium bromoacetate dropwise for 1 hour. Stir and react at 35–45°C for 19–22 hours. After the reaction, add 1 mol / L HCl to acidify to a pH of 5. Vacuum condense the mixture and extract with acetone. Combine the organic layers, wash with brine, dry over sodium sulfate, and evaporate. The residue is purified by vacuum distillation to obtain an intermediate containing a quaternary ammonium group and a carboxylic acid group.

[0071] A catalyst is added to the intermediate for catalysis, and then an alkylbenzylamine is added for amidation reaction to obtain a surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt. The specific steps are:

[0072] The intermediate is added to a solution of EDC and sulfo-NHS, the pH value is adjusted to 5.0-5.5 with MES as a buffer, and a benzyloxyamine hydrochloride solution is added dropwise. After the addition is completed, the mixture is reacted at 3°C-10°C for 23h-25h, and desalted to obtain a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt.

[0073] This method is a method for preparing the above-mentioned surfactant. The specific structure and composition of the surfactant can be referred to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since this method adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0074] In some optional embodiments, the alkyl tertiary amine includes an alkyl tertiary amine with a carbon chain length of 12 to 18; and / or,

[0075] The haloalkyl group includes sodium chloroacetate and / or sodium bromoacetate; and / or,

[0076] The alkylbenzylamine is benzyloxyamine hydrochloride.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, by controlling the specific alkyl tertiary amine, the specific alkyl halide and the specific alkylbenzylamine, the surfactant containing the benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt shown in Structural Formula 1 can be synthesized more conveniently.

[0078] In some optional embodiments, the alkyl tertiary amine includes lauryl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine and / or stearyl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine.

[0079] In the embodiments of the present application, by controlling the specific type of alkyl tertiary amine, an amide group can be introduced into the surfactant, thereby increasing the hydrophilicity of the surfactant through the amide group, while also increasing the degradability of the surfactant, making the terminal application more environmentally and human-friendly.

[0080] Based on a general inventive concept, the present application provides an application of a surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt, the application comprising:

[0081] Using the surfactant as a collector in reverse flotation desiliconization of bauxite;

[0082] Wherein, the pH value of the bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization is 5-6.

[0083] In the embodiment of the present application, the specific pH value of the bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization is controlled, so that the collector in the bauxite reverse flotation process can be stably present, thereby allowing the reverse flotation process to proceed smoothly.

[0084] This application is based on the application of the above-mentioned surfactant. The specific structure and composition of the surfactant can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since this application adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0085] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present application only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are usually measured in accordance with national standards. If there are no corresponding national standards, then the methods are carried out in accordance with general international standards, conventional conditions, or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0086] Example 1

[0087] The quaternary ammonium salt surfactant shown in structural formula 2 is used as a collector in pure kaolinite mineral.

[0088]

[0089] Formula 2.

[0090] The flotation test was conducted on an XFG hanging trough flotation machine with a main shaft speed of 1650r / min. During the test, 3g of mineral was weighed and placed in a 40mL flotation tank. A certain amount of distilled water (25mL~30mL) was added and stirred for 1 minute. Then, a regulator was added and allowed to act for 3 minutes. Then, a collector was added and stirred for 3 minutes. The flotation was continued for 5 minutes. The foam product was collected during the flotation process. The foam product and the product in the tank were dried and weighed separately, and the recovery rate was calculated. The test flow chart is shown below. Figure 2 The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1 Comparative test results of collector flotation of kaolinite

[0092]

[0093] As can be seen from Table 1, in the flotation of the invented collector, the kaolinite recovery rate increased from 71.93% to 99.27%, which is the highest recovery rate after kaolinite flotation by several groups of collectors. Therefore, the kaolinite collection ability of the invented collector is stronger than the flotation effect of some existing collectors.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] Comparing Example 2 with Example 1, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is:

[0096] The quaternary ammonium salt surfactant shown in structural formula 2 is used as a collector in pure kaolinite mineral.

[0097] The test steps were the same as in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0098] Table 2 Comparative test results of collector flotation of illite

[0099]

[0100] Example 3

[0101] Comparing Example 3 with Example 1, the difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is:

[0102] The quaternary ammonium salt surfactant represented by structural formula 2 was used as a collector in pure pyrophyllite. The test steps were the same as those in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

[0103] Table 3 Comparative test results of collector flotation of pyrophyllite

[0104]

[0105] The test results in Tables 1, 2 and 3 show that the collector of the invention has a significantly stronger ability to collect pure mineral aluminosilicates kaolinite, illite and pyrophyllite than existing collectors.

[0106] Example 4

[0107] Comparing Example 4 with Example 1, the difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is:

[0108] An example of the application of the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant shown in structural formula 2 as a collector in the flotation desiliconization test of Chongqing bauxite:

[0109] The chemical composition analysis results of the experimental bauxite are shown in Table 4 and Table 5:

[0110] Table 4 Chemical composition analysis results of bauxite minerals (%)

[0111]

[0112] Table 5 Analysis results of bauxite mineral phase composition (%)

[0113]

[0114] Step 1: Slurry preparation:

[0115] 250 g of Chongqing ore sample was put into the flotation cell of a 1.5 L XFG hanging trough flotation machine, tap water was added, and the slurry was prepared for 3 minutes at a flotation machine speed of 2100 r / min.

[0116] Step 2: Add the adjuster:

[0117] After step 1 above, hydrochloric acid and an inhibitor were added to adjust the pH to between 5 and 6, and the slurry was further stirred for 2 minutes.

[0118] Step 3: Add collector:

[0119] In the above step 2, a collector is added and flotation is performed for 5 minutes, and then the air valve is opened to perform flotation and scraping.

[0120] Step 4: Flotation product processing:

[0121] After the reverse flotation desiliconization process is completed, the samples of the flotation foam product mixed with the middlings, namely the tailings, and the products in the tank, namely the concentrates, are dried, weighed, tested, and the product indicators are calculated. The test process is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 and Figure 4 The process includes a primary roughing, a primary cleaning, a primary scavenging, and a flotation process in which the froth produced is used as tailings. The solid material at the bottom of the tank is used as concentrate. The results are shown in Table 6. In the table, 1227 refers to dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, and 1221 refers to dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride.

[0122] Table 6 Reverse flotation desiliconization test results at the optimal dosage of each collector

[0123]

[0124] As can be seen from Table 6, different collectors have different optimal dosages for reverse flotation desiliconization, and the invented collector has the least dosage. By observing and comparing the aluminum-silicon ratio and yield of each concentrate, the concentrate yield obtained after flotation desiliconization using the collector containing the surfactant provided in the examples of the present application reached 76.61%, the aluminum-silicon ratio was the highest, reaching 5.5, and the aluminum recovery rate in the concentrate was relatively high, reaching 81.7%.

[0125] Example 5

[0126] Comparing Example 5 with Example 1, the difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is:

[0127] The quaternary ammonium salt surfactant shown in structural formula 2 was used as a collector for reverse flotation desiliconization of the Luoyang ore. Different flotation pH values ​​(4, 5, 5.5, 6, 7, and 8) were selected for conditional tests. The chemical composition analysis results of the Luoyang ore are shown in Tables 7 and 8, and the test results are shown in Table 9.

[0128] Table 7 Chemical composition analysis results of bauxite minerals (%)

[0129]

[0130] Table 8 Analysis results of bauxite mineral phase composition (%)

[0131]

[0132] Table 9 Comparative test results of collector flotation of bauxite

[0133]

[0134] It can be seen from Table 9 that under the conditions of flotation pH values ​​of 5, 5.5, and 6, the flotation desiliconization effect of the collector provided in the examples of the present application is basically the same, and is higher than the reverse flotation desiliconization effect at other flotation pH values.

[0135] Example 6

[0136] Comparing Example 6 with Example 1, the difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is:

[0137] An example of the application of the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant shown in structural formula 2 as a collector in the flotation desiliconization open circuit test of Shanxi bauxite:

[0138] The chemical composition analysis results of Shanxi ore are shown in Tables 10 and 11:

[0139] Table 10 Chemical composition analysis results of bauxite minerals (%)

[0140]

[0141] Table 11 Analysis results of bauxite mineral phase composition (%)

[0142]

[0143] The test steps were the same as in Example 4, and the test results are shown in Table 12.

[0144] Table 12 Comparative test results of collector flotation of bauxite

[0145]

[0146] According to Table 12, a comprehensive comparison of the concentrate yield, the aluminum-silicon ratio, and the silicon recovery rate in the tailings shows that compared with existing collectors, the collector provided in the embodiments of the present application has better selectivity and stronger collection ability.

[0147] Example 7

[0148] Comparing Example 7 with Example 1, the difference between Example 7 and Example 1 is:

[0149] An example of the application of the quaternary ammonium salt surfactant represented by structural formula 2 as a collector in a closed-circuit flotation desiliconization test of bauxite is described. The test steps are the same as those in Example 4. The test results are shown in Table 13:

[0150] Table 13 Comparative test results of collector flotation of bauxite

[0151]

[0152] Table 13 shows that in the closed-circuit test, the collector provided in the examples of the present application achieved better reverse flotation desiliconization effect.

[0153] One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application may have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0154] (1) The surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt provided in the embodiment of the present application has good hydrophobic properties due to the presence of a long carbon chain alkane group. The quaternary ammonium group can generate electrostatic interactions with the surface of siliceous mineral particles, thereby adsorbing on the surface of the mineral particles and floating out the siliceous mineral particles. Therefore, the quaternary ammonium root can float silicate minerals, and the presence of the amide group makes the surfactant easier to degrade and more hydrophilic, so it is more friendly to the environment and people in terminal applications. At the same time, the hydrophobic benzyl group in the surfactant molecule and the quaternary ammonium group with affinity to the mineral surface group can enhance the flotation separation of oxide ores and salt minerals, improve their foaming performance and increase the desiliconization selectivity, and have the characteristics of high flotation efficiency.

[0155] (2) The surfactant containing benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt provided in the embodiment of the present application has a low collector dosage, a high aluminum-silicon ratio of the concentrate, a high aluminum recovery rate, and a high flotation efficiency compared with conventional reverse flotation desiliconization collectors.

[0156] (3) The surfactant containing a benzylamide-type quaternary ammonium salt provided in the embodiments of the present application has good water solubility due to the presence of an amide group and is green and safe.

[0157] (4) The surfactant containing benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt provided in the embodiment of the present application has the advantages that foam is easy to disappear after flotation and foam fluidity is good.

[0158] (5) The surfactant containing benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used for flotation desiliconization under acidic pulp, which is beneficial to the utilization of return water.

[0159] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity and should not be construed as a hard limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the description of a range from 1 to 5 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 5, from 3 to 5, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0160] In this application, unless otherwise indicated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" refer specifically to the directions of the drawings in the accompanying drawings. Additionally, in the description of this application specification, the terms "including," "comprising," and the like mean "including but not limited to." In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. As used herein, "and / or" describes an association between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. As used herein, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one," "at least one of the following," or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of singular or plural items. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b, and c" can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0161] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt, characterized in that, The surfactant includes an amine cation, and the structural formula of the amine cation is shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; Wherein, the R1 group is a straight-chain alkane group; The carbon chain length of the linear alkane group is 11 to 17.

2. The surfactant according to claim 1, characterized in that The surfactant also includes halide ions.

3. The surfactant according to claim 2, characterized in that The halide ions include Cl - or Br - .

4. A method for preparing the surfactant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The method comprises: A tertiary alkylamine and a haloalkyl are subjected to a quaternization reaction to obtain an intermediate; A catalyst is added to the intermediate for catalysis, and then benzyloxyamine hydrochloride is added to carry out amidation reaction to obtain a surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The alkyl tertiary amine includes an alkyl tertiary amine with a carbon chain length of 12 to 18; and / or, The haloalkyl group includes sodium chloroacetate and / or sodium bromoacetate.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The alkyl tertiary amine includes lauryl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine and / or stearyl amide propyl dimethyl tertiary amine.

7. An application of a surfactant containing a benzylamide type quaternary ammonium salt, characterized in that: The applications include: Using the surfactant according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a collector in reverse flotation desiliconization of bauxite; Wherein, the pH value of the bauxite reverse flotation desiliconization is 5-6.

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