Assembly fixture and method for a complex closed-loop gear transmission system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of mechanical assembly technology and discloses an assembly fixture and method for a complex closed-loop gear transmission system. The complex closed-loop gear transmission system includes at least: a main casing, a rotor shaft, a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the closed side, and a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the non-closed side. The assembly fixture includes: a process simulation shaft and a process simulation seat; the process simulation shaft is used to simulate the elastic shaft, and the process simulation seat is used to simulate the front and rear bevel gear pairs; the assembly positions of the front and rear bevel gear pairs on the closed side and the elastic shaft are determined based on the assembly positions of the process simulation shaft and the process simulation seat. This reduces the probability of assembly interference failures of the elastic shaft and avoids damage to components caused by repeated disassembly and random trial assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical assembly technology, and particularly relates to an assembly tooling and method for a complex closed chain gear transmission system. Background Technology

[0002] Gear transmission is a crucial transmission structure in the main reducer, its function being to achieve deceleration, steering, and paralleling. To achieve high transmission ratios and heavy loads, reducers typically employ multi-stage, complex gear transmission configurations. Among these, the closed-chain gear transmission system is the most challenging to assemble. Common closed-chain gear transmission structures for main reducers are shown below. Figure 1 The gear transmission chain consists of four components: 1 is the front bevel gear pair, 2 is the rear bevel gear pair, and 3 is the flexible shaft. On the symmetrical side, there is also a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and a flexible shaft. These four pairs of bevel gears are connected to the rotor shaft via two large cylindrical gears. The entire gear transmission chain has 13 transmission components and forms a closed transmission chain.

[0003] The traditional assembly method is as follows: First, install the rotor shaft onto the main housing. Then, install the two large cylindrical gears onto the rotor shaft. Next, install the front bevel gear pair assembly and the rear bevel gear pair assembly, along with the flexible shaft, onto the main housing as a whole. Then, install the front bevel gear pair assembly 1 onto the main housing and the flexible shaft 3 onto the front bevel gear pair assembly 1, ensuring a good spline fit. Then, install the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2 onto the main housing. If the external spline of the flexible shaft 3 interferes with the internal spline of the rear bevel gear assembly, disassemble the flexible shaft 3 and the rear bevel gear assembly 2 together. Rotate the flexible shaft randomly by an angle and then reassemble it. Through several assembly, disassembly, rotation, and reassembly trial assembly processes, the splines of the rear bevel gear pair 2 and the flexible shaft 3 no longer interfere. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an assembly fixture and method for a closed chain gear transmission system, reducing the probability of assembly interference failures of the elastic shaft and avoiding damage to components caused by repeated disassembly and random trial assembly.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution.

[0006] Technical Solution 1:

[0007] An assembly fixture for a complex closed-loop chain gear transmission system, the complex closed-loop chain gear transmission system comprising at least: a main casing, a rotor shaft, a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the closed side, and a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the non-closed side;

[0008] The assembly fixture includes: a process simulation shaft and a process simulation base;

[0009] The process simulation shaft is used to simulate an elastic shaft, and the process simulation seat is used to simulate the front bevel gear pair and the rear bevel gear pair.

[0010] The assembly positions of the front bevel gear pair, the rear bevel gear pair, and the elastic shaft on the closed side are determined based on the assembly positions of the process simulation shaft and the process simulation base.

[0011] The features and further improvements of the first technical solution of this invention are as follows:

[0012] (1) The process simulation shaft consists of a front external spline transition section 4, a bearing 5, a rear external spline transition section 6, and a tension nut 7;

[0013] Install bearing 5 onto rear external spline transition section 6, then install front external spline transition section 4 onto rear external spline transition section 6, and then use tension nut 7 to connect front external spline transition section 4 and rear external spline transition section 6 together and secure them with nuts.

[0014] (2) The relative positions of the front external spline transition section 4 and the rear external spline transition section 6 at both ends of the process simulation shaft can be rotated 360° along the axis. The process simulation shaft is a split structure, connected in the middle by a bearing 5, which can realize 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends.

[0015] (3) The process simulation shaft is a split structure. Through the axial tensioning structure, the relative angle of the splines at both ends can be fixed, and the parameters of the splines at both ends of the process simulation shaft completely simulate the spline parameters of the elastic shaft on the closed side of the product.

[0016] (4) The process simulation seat is composed of a front support 8, a front inner spline transition section 9, a track base 10, a rear inner spline transition section 11, a rear support 12, and a bearing 13.

[0017] Install the bearing 13 on the rear inner spline transition section 11, then install the rear inner spline transition section 11 on the rear support 12, install the rear support 12 on the track base 10, install the front inner spline transition section 9 on the front support 8, and then install the front support 8 on the track base 10.

[0018] (5) The front support 8 and the rear support 12 on the shrink chamber process simulation seat are a sliding support and a fixed support, respectively. Through the slide rail structure, the axial distance between the front inner spline transition section 9 and the rear inner spline transition section 11 can be adjusted and fixed as needed. The outer spline of the fixed support in the process simulation seat is installed on the rear support 12 through the bearing 13, which can realize the 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends.

[0019] (6) The fixed support of the process simulation seat has four arc grooves, and a tension bolt is installed in each arc groove to fix the relative position of the external splines on the front support and the rear support.

[0020] (7) An angle plate is engraved on the outer spline end face of the fixed support on the process simulation seat, and the parameters of the inner spline transition sections at both ends of the process simulation seat completely simulate the spline parameters of the product that are matched with the elastic shaft on the closed side of the product.

[0021] Technical Solution Two:

[0022] An assembly method for a complex closed-loop gear transmission system, wherein the assembly method uses the assembly tooling described in technical solution one for assembly, and the assembly method includes:

[0023] The front bevel gear assembly, elastic shaft, and rear bevel gear assembly on the non-enclosed side are installed as a whole onto the main housing and mesh with the gear teeth of the large cylindrical gear and the rotor shaft.

[0024] Install the front bevel gear assembly 1 on the closed side onto the main unit housing;

[0025] The process simulation shaft is installed on the front bevel gear pair assembly 1 on the closed side, so that its front external spline transition section 4 is engaged with the internal spline of the front bevel gear pair assembly 1.

[0026] The rear external spline transition section 6 of the rotating process simulation shaft is made to mate with the internal spline of the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2, and the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2 is installed on the main housing.

[0027] The front and rear external spline transition sections of the process simulation shaft are fixed by tightening nut 7, the relative spline angle of the front and rear external spline transition sections is obtained, and then the process simulation shaft is disassembled.

[0028] Install the process simulation shaft onto the process simulation base. Adjust the front support 8 axially and the rear inner spline transition section 11 circumferentially to install the process simulation shaft onto the process simulation base, ensuring good fit between the inner and outer splines at both ends. Then, fix the rear inner spline transition section 11 using the arc groove on the rear support 12 and the tension bolts. Finally, disassemble the process simulation shaft.

[0029] Install the elastic shaft 3 on the closed side of the product onto the process simulation seat. Determine the spline interference angle through the angle scale on the internal spline transition section 11, and determine the rotation angle and rotation direction of the elastic shaft 3, thereby determining the relative position of the elastic shaft 3 in the closed-loop assembly in the closed chain.

[0030] Install the elastic shaft 3 between the front bevel gear pair assembly 1 and the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2 according to the determined relative positions, so that the internal and external splines fit well, thereby completing the closed-loop assembly of the closed chain gear transmission system.

[0031] This invention provides an assembly fixture and method for a complex closed-loop gear transmission system. The closed-loop assembly structure is transferred from the product to a process simulation base via a process simulation shaft. The assembly angles of the closed-loop components are then determined on the process simulation base, and formal assembly is performed according to these determined angles. This process avoids the repeated disassembly and reassembly and angle adjustments caused by traditional random trial assembly. Only one simulation assembly is needed before formal assembly, significantly improving work efficiency, reducing the probability of repeated disassembly and reassembly caused by interference of closed-loop components, and enhancing the efficiency and reliability of closed-loop assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the background technology of this invention;

[0033] Wherein, 1—front bevel gear pair assembly, 2—rear bevel gear pair assembly, 3—elastic shaft;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the process simulation shaft of the present invention;

[0035] Among them, 4—front external spline transition section, 5—bearing, 6—rear external spline transition section, 7—tension nut;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the process simulation base of the present invention;

[0037] Among them, 8—front support, 9—front inner spline transition section, 10—track base, 11—rear inner spline transition section, 12—rear support, 13—bearing;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly method of a closed chain gear transmission system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] This invention designs a process simulation shaft that simulates an elastic shaft. The splines at both ends of the process simulation shaft can rotate 360° along the axis. This process simulation shaft is used to replace the product elastic shaft for closed-loop assembly of a closed-loop chain gear transmission. After the splines are properly fitted, the process simulation shaft is disassembled while ensuring that the relative positions of the splines at both ends remain unchanged. It is then installed onto a process simulation base with external splines that can rotate 360° along the axis. After the splines are properly fitted, the relative angles of the two external splines on the process simulation base are consistent with the relative positions of the two external splines of the front and rear bevel gear assemblies. The process simulation base is then fixed, and the product elastic shaft is test-fitted onto the process simulation base to find the installation angle that matches the process simulation base. Finally, it is installed onto the front and rear bevel gear assemblies according to this angle, completing the closed-loop assembly of the main reducer's closed-loop chain gear transmission system.

[0041] The process simulation base has two supports, one fixed and one sliding. The axial distance can be adjusted and fixed as needed through the slide rail structure, which facilitates the installation of the elastic shaft.

[0042] The external splines of the fixed support of the process simulation seat are mounted on the support through precision bearings, which can realize 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends.

[0043] The fixed support of the process simulation seat has four arc grooves, each with a tension bolt installed in it, which can fix the relative position of the external splines on the two supports.

[0044] The fixed support on the process simulation base has an angle disc engraved on the outer spline end face to facilitate precise angle adjustment.

[0045] The process simulation shaft has a split structure, connected in the middle by a precision bearing, which can achieve 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends.

[0046] The process simulation shaft has a split structure, and the splines at both ends can be fixed at opposite angles through an axial tensioning structure.

[0047] The parameters of the splines at both ends of the process simulation shaft completely simulate the spline parameters of the product's elastic shaft (closed-loop assembly of a closed chain).

[0048] The parameters of the splines at both ends of the process simulation seat completely simulate the spline parameters of the product that mates with the product's elastic shaft (closed-loop assembly of a closed chain).

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention also provides an assembly method for a closed chain gear transmission system of a main reducer, the method comprising:

[0050] The front bevel gear assembly, flexible shaft, and rear bevel gear assembly on the non-encapsulated side are installed as a whole onto the main housing and mesh with the large cylindrical gear and rotor shaft teeth.

[0051] Install the front bevel gear assembly 1 on the closed side onto the main housing.

[0052] The process simulation axis (see) Figure 2 It is installed on the front bevel gear assembly 1, so that its front external spline transition section 4 mates with the internal spline of the front bevel gear assembly 1.

[0053] The rear external spline transition section of the rotating process simulation shaft is made to mate with the internal spline of the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2, and the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2 is installed onto the main housing.

[0054] The front and rear spline transition sections of the process simulation shaft are fixed by tightening nut 7, which means fixing the relative angle of the splines of the front and rear spline transition sections. Then the process simulation shaft is disassembled.

[0055] The process simulation axis (see) Figure 2 Install it onto the process simulation mount (see...) Figure 3 By adjusting the front support 8 axially and the rear inner spline transition section 11 circumferentially, the process simulation shaft is installed on the process simulation base to ensure good fit between the inner and outer splines at both ends. Then, the rear inner spline transition section 11 is fixed by the arc groove on the rear support 12 and the tension bolts. Finally, the process simulation shaft is disassembled.

[0056] The product's elastic shaft is installed on the process simulation base. The spline interference angle is determined by the angle scale on the internal spline transition section 11, and the rotation angle and direction of the elastic shaft are determined, thereby determining the relative position of the elastic shaft in the closed-loop assembly in the closed chain.

[0057] Install the elastic shaft between the front bevel gear pair assembly 1 and the rear bevel gear pair assembly 2 according to the determined relative positions, so that the internal and external splines fit well, thereby completing the closed-loop assembly of the closed chain gear transmission system.

[0058] This assembly method can reduce the probability of repeated disassembly and assembly caused by interference of closed-loop components, and improve the efficiency and reliability of closed-loop assembly work.

[0059] This assembly method allows the closed-loop assembly structure to be transferred from the product to the process simulation platform via a process simulation axis. The assembly angles of the closed-loop components are then determined on the process simulation platform, and formal assembly is performed according to these determined angles. This method avoids the repeated disassembly and reassembly and angle adjustments caused by traditional random trial assembly. Only one simulation assembly is needed before formal assembly, significantly improving work efficiency, reducing the probability of repeated disassembly and reassembly caused by interference of closed-loop components, and enhancing the efficiency and reliability of closed-loop assembly work.

Claims

1. An assembly fixture for a complex closed-loop chain gear transmission system, characterized in that, The complex closed chain gear transmission system includes at least: a main casing, a rotor shaft, a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the closed side, and a front bevel gear pair, a rear bevel gear pair, and an elastic shaft on the non-closed side; The assembly fixture includes: a process simulation shaft and a process simulation base; The process simulation shaft is used to simulate an elastic shaft, and the process simulation seat is used to simulate the front bevel gear pair and the rear bevel gear pair. The assembly positions of the front bevel gear pair, the rear bevel gear pair, and the elastic shaft on the closed side are determined based on the assembly positions of the process simulation shaft and the process simulation base. The process simulation shaft consists of a front external spline transition section (4), a bearing (5), a rear external spline transition section (6), and a tension nut (7); Install the bearing (5) onto the rear external spline transition section (6), then install the front external spline transition section (4) onto the rear external spline transition section (6), and then use the tension nut (7) to string the front external spline transition section (4) and the rear external spline transition section (6) together and fix them with the nut; The relative positions of the front external spline transition section (4) and the rear external spline transition section (6) at both ends of the process simulation shaft can be rotated 360° along the axis. The process simulation shaft is a split structure, connected in the middle by a bearing (5), which can realize the 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends. The process simulation shaft is a split structure. Through the axial tensioning structure, the relative angle of the splines at both ends can be fixed, and the parameters of the splines at both ends of the process simulation shaft completely simulate the spline parameters of the elastic shaft on the closed side of the product. The process simulation base consists of a front support (8), a front inner spline transition section (9), a track base (10), a rear inner spline transition section (11), a rear support (12), and a bearing (13); Install the bearing (13) on the rear inner spline transition section (11), then install the rear inner spline transition section (11) on the rear support (12), install the rear support (12) on the track base (10), install the front inner spline transition section (9) on the front support (8), and then install the front support (8) on the track base (10); The front support (8) and rear support (12) on the process simulation seat are a sliding support and a fixed support, respectively. Through the slide rail structure, the axial distance between the front inner spline transition section (9) and the rear inner spline transition section (11) can be adjusted and fixed as needed. The outer spline of the fixed support in the process simulation seat is installed on the rear support (12) through the bearing (13), which can realize the 360° adjustment of the relative angle of the splines at both ends.

2. The assembly fixture for a complex closed chain gear transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed support of the process simulation seat has four arc grooves, and a tension bolt is installed in each arc groove to fix the relative position of the internal splines on the front and rear supports.

3. The assembly fixture for a complex closed chain gear transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed support on the process simulation base has an angle plate engraved on the inner spline end face, and the parameters of the inner spline transition sections at both ends of the process simulation base completely simulate the spline parameters of the product that mates with the elastic shaft on the closed side of the product.

4. An assembly method for a complex closed-loop chain gear transmission system, characterized in that, The assembly method employs the assembly tooling as described in any one of claims 1-3 for assembly, and the assembly method includes: The front bevel gear assembly, elastic shaft, and rear bevel gear assembly on the non-enclosed side are installed as a whole onto the main housing and mesh with the gear teeth of the large cylindrical gear and the rotor shaft. Install the front bevel gear assembly (1) on the closed side onto the main housing; The process simulation shaft is installed on the front bevel gear pair assembly (1) on the closed side, so that its front external spline transition section (4) is engaged with the internal spline of the front bevel gear pair assembly (1); Rotate the external spline transition section (6) of the process simulation shaft to make it engage with the internal spline of the rear bevel gear assembly (2), and install the rear bevel gear assembly (2) onto the main housing; The front and rear external spline transition sections of the process simulation shaft are fixed by tightening the nut (7), the relative spline angle of the front and rear external spline transition sections is obtained, and then the process simulation shaft is disassembled. Install the process simulation shaft onto the process simulation base. Adjust the front support (8) axially and the rear inner spline transition section (11) circumferentially. Install the process simulation shaft onto the process simulation base so that the inner and outer splines at both ends fit well. Then fix the rear inner spline transition section (11) through the arc groove on the rear support (12) and the tension bolt. Then disassemble the process simulation shaft. Install the elastic shaft (3) on the closed side of the product onto the process simulation seat. Determine the spline interference angle by using the angle scale on the rear inner spline transition section (11), and determine the rotation angle and rotation direction of the elastic shaft (3), thereby determining the relative position of the elastic shaft (3) in the closed-loop assembly in the closed chain. Install the elastic shaft (3) between the front bevel gear pair assembly (1) and the rear bevel gear pair assembly (2) according to the determined relative position, so that the inner and outer splines fit well, thereby completing the closed-loop assembly of the closed chain gear transmission system.

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