Automatic material cleaning device in steam boiling furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of automatic material cleaning devices in steam boiling furnace, including the drive mechanism being arranged in the outside of furnace body, it is characterized in that the space part of entire heat exchange pipe group in furnace body is completely contained, four shafts controlled by drive mechanism are arranged: namely the driving shaft at the top end of heat exchange pipe, and the driven shaft linked with driving shaft, the second driven shaft at the bottom end of heat exchange pipe group and the third driven shaft matched with driven shaft are matched with driving shaft;Transmission system formed by four shafts is connected with the material scraping harrow arranged perpendicularly with heat exchange pipe.It greatly reduces maintenance frequency and total maintenance cost and maintenance personnel investment, and the material cleaning efficiency is higher, the normal operation time of production line is extended, and the operation efficiency is improved;Simple structure, stable operation, complete material cleaning, ensure that there is no caking and blocking between heat exchange pipes, so that the heat exchange efficiency is higher, material fluidization is more uniform, the overburning and underburning condition is significantly reduced, the product quality is stable, and the energy consumption per unit product is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to desulfurized gypsum calcination equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic material cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Steam fluidized bed furnaces are widely used equipment for calcining materials, and are particularly prevalent in the gypsum industry. The basic principle is that heat exchange tubes are installed inside the furnace, and steam is introduced into the tubes. The material enters the furnace from the inlet and is fluidized in the furnace under the action of fluidizing air blown in by the bottom bellows. The material and steam exchange heat to achieve dehydration and complete the calcination. Afterward, the material overflows from the outlet, and the steam is drawn away from the top.

[0003] Before calcination, building gypsum is desulfurized gypsum, which has high viscosity. During the calcination and drying processes in a fluidized bed furnace, various material accumulation phenomena occur. For example, a fluidized bed furnace online automatic cleaning device with patent publication number CN204829951U is designed to solve the problem of large particles and other impurities accumulating at the bottom of the furnace, affecting the air output of the air distribution plate and thus the calcination quality of the fluidized bed furnace. The device features a structure in which one end of the air distribution plate is inclined between the fluidized bed furnace body and the air box, separating the furnace body from the air box. A spiral slag discharger is located at the bottom of the fluidized bed furnace body near the downward-sloping end of the air distribution plate and is connected to an airlock unloader.

[0004] During the production process, due to factors such as uneven fluidizing air distribution and unstable feed rate, material blockage can easily occur between heat exchange tubes in the furnace during long-term operation. The existing method is basically to start the furnace and manually clean the material when blockage occurs. As a result, the production line has low operating efficiency, large maintenance workload and long maintenance time. Due to untimely cleaning, the cleaning is not thorough, which affects the heat exchange efficiency and service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems and provide an automatic cleaning device for the inside of a steam boiling furnace. It features a one-time investment, low total maintenance cost, efficient automatic cleaning, and effective guarantee of heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchange tubes.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solution: an automatic cleaning device for a steam boiling furnace, comprising a drive mechanism disposed outside the furnace body, characterized in that a space that can completely encompass the entire heat exchange tube assembly inside the furnace body is provided with four shafts of the drive mechanism: namely, a drive shaft located at the top of the heat exchange tubes, a driven shaft linked to the drive shaft, a second driven shaft located at the bottom of the heat exchange tube assembly and cooperating with the drive shaft, and a third driven shaft cooperating with the driven shaft; a transmission system composed of the four shafts is connected to a scraper rake arranged perpendicularly to the heat exchange tubes.

[0007] The scraper includes a scraper frame, a scraper rod arranged in the Y direction between rows of heat exchange tubes, and a scraper brush fixed on the scraper rod and distributed in the X direction between rows of heat exchange tubes.

[0008] In the aforementioned automatic material cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the scraper is set into several groups according to the spatial division area of ​​the fluidized bed furnace partition plate.

[0009] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the rake frame is arranged near the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube group, and the rake bar and rake brush are arranged in the middle of adjacent heat exchange tubes in a column or row.

[0010] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the cross-section of the rake frame, rake rod, and rake brush is a flat elliptical structure with blade-like edges at both the top and bottom.

[0011] In the aforementioned automatic material cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the rake frame, rake rod, and rake brush are made of wire rope.

[0012] In the aforementioned automatic material cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the rake frame and rake rod are a combination of a flat elliptical structure with blade-like upper and lower ends in the height direction and a wire rope structure.

[0013] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for the steam boiling furnace, preferably, upper and lower limit switches are provided along the height direction of the heat exchange tube.

[0014] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for steam boiling furnace, preferably, the driving mechanism includes a drive motor, and the drive shaft and driven shaft, the drive shaft and second driven shaft, and the driven shaft and third driven shaft are all linked by sprockets and chains.

[0015] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for steam boiling furnace, preferably, the four shafts are equipped with drive wheels, the drive wheels are sprockets, and the sprockets are shortage gears, wherein the shortage gear is a sprocket in which only one tooth in one circumference of the sprocket is a tooth smaller than the standard tooth.

[0016] In the aforementioned automatic cleaning device for a steam fluidized bed furnace, preferably, the shortage gears in the drive wheel are arranged on the drive shaft and the driven shaft, and all shortage gears operate synchronously on their respective shafts.

[0017] This technical solution is based on the existing basic structure of a steam fluidized bed furnace. According to the arrangement of the heat exchange tubes inside the furnace, the entire heat exchange tube assembly is included in the scope of the automatic cleaning device. Since the steam fluidized bed furnace itself is a closed structure, the drive mechanism, drive shaft, and driven shaft are all located outside the fluidized bed furnace body. Then, the scraper, which is arranged vertically (i.e., horizontally) with the heat exchange tubes, is connected to the drive wheels arranged on the drive shaft and driven shaft.

[0018] This device cleans each heat exchange tube. The scraper has a frame that surrounds the heat exchange tube group or the edge of the heat exchange tube group. The frame is controlled by a drive wheel. The scraper uses scraper rods arranged between columns in the Y direction and scraper brushes distributed between rows in the X direction to clean the space between all tubes.

[0019] Since the fluidized bed furnace uses partitions to divide the internal space and guide the material flow path, the scraper is also divided into several groups, each group is allocated a space. This not only does not affect the original design of the partitions, but also the scraper frame is divided into several sets, which greatly increases the structural strength of the scraper.

[0020] Furthermore, the gypsum material inside the furnace fills the operating path. The cleaning tools (rake frame, rake rod, rake brush) with a blade-shaped flat ellipse cross-section at both ends in this device can effectively prevent material from sticking and accumulating due to direct contact between the rake and the material. The design of the cleaning tools (rake frame, rake rod, rake brush) as wire rope or wire structure not only greatly reduces the space occupied by the cleaning tools inside the heat exchange tubes, but the elasticity of the wire structure also allows for easy removal of even stubborn deposits. Of course, a flexible combination of the blade-shaped flat ellipse structure and the wire rope structure can also achieve the goal of thorough cleaning without damaging the heat exchange tubes.

[0021] Furthermore, this solution optimizes the scraper's movement using an automatic vibration mechanism based on the actual operating conditions of the furnace due to differences in the raw materials of gypsum. Without affecting the normal meshing and transmission of the chain and sprocket, the sprocket drive wheel is designed as a missing gear. This missing gear has one tooth in each revolution of the chain teeth that is smaller than the standard tooth. The missing gear is located on the sprocket closest to the connection between the scraper frame and the transmission body (such as the chain). All missing gears move synchronously, causing the scraper to generate a micro-vibration when the drive wheel rotates once. The divergent force generated by this instantaneous "vibration" completely destroys the blockages caused by raw materials with high viscosity, excessive moisture, or non-standard particle size. In particular, it causes large-area lumps that are adhered to the surface of the heat exchange tubes to fall off as a whole, thereby ensuring the cleanliness of the heat exchange tube surface.

[0022] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are: it significantly reduces the frequency of maintenance and the total maintenance cost, reduces the investment of maintenance personnel, shortens the time occupied by a single maintenance, improves material cleaning efficiency, extends the normal operation time of the production line, and improves operating efficiency; the unique scraper cleaning tool and transmission system design is simple in structure, stable in operation, and thorough in cleaning, ensuring that there is no caking or blockage between heat exchange tubes, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency, more uniform material fluidization, significantly reduced over-burning and under-burning, stable product quality, and reduced energy consumption per unit product. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure with the gas collection hood removed.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right view.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the power transmission structure of the cleaning device in the specified state.

[0027] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point M.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the present invention, which is based on a set of scraper rakes.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the scraper rake of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the scraper rake of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Cleaning device; 101. Drive mechanism; 102. Drive shaft; 103. Transmission chain; 104. Driven shaft; 105. Drive wheel; 106. Scraper rake one; 1061. Rake frame; 1062. Rake bar; 1063. Rake brush; 107. Scraper rake two; 108. Scraper rake three; 109. Scraper rake four; 110. Reversing wheel; 111. Tensioning wheel; 112. Second driven shaft; 113. Third driven shaft; 2. Furnace body; 3. Air distribution plate; 4. Air inlet box; 5. Feed inlet; 6. Discharge outlet; 7. Air inlet; 8. Water outlet; 9. Heat exchange tube; 10. Air inlet; 11. Divider plate; 12. Gas collection hood. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The overall structure of this embodiment of a steam boiling furnace is the same as that of existing steam boiling furnaces, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the furnace body 2 includes an air distribution plate 3 located at the bottom of the furnace body 2, multiple air inlet boxes 4 located below the air distribution plate 3, air inlets 10 arranged on the air inlet boxes 4, heat exchange tubes 9 installed inside the furnace body 2, the heat exchange tubes 9 being divided into four parts by three partition plates 11, and a gas collection hood 12 at the top of the furnace body 2.

[0034] Its basic working principle is that dry desulfurized gypsum enters the furnace body 2 from top to bottom through the feed inlet 5. Fluidizing air is blown into the furnace body 2 from the bottom by the Roots blower through the air inlet 10 on the air inlet box 4 and through the air distribution plate 3, so that the material is fluidized in the furnace. Steam is introduced into the heat exchange tube 9 through the main pipe of the air inlet 7. After being heated in the furnace body 2 outside the heat exchange tube 9, the fluidized material loses its water of crystallization and is calcined into building gypsum before overflowing from the discharge port 6.

[0035] This embodiment of an automatic material cleaning device 1 for a steam fluidized bed furnace is specifically designed to address the material accumulation problem in the heat exchange tubes 9. The drive mechanism 101 is located outside the fluidized bed furnace body 2 and includes a drive shaft 102 and a driven shaft 104. (See attached image.) Figures 2 to 5 The specific arrangement involves a four-axis drive mechanism 101 located in the space completely enclosing the entire heat exchange tube group 9 within the furnace body 2. This includes a drive shaft 102 located on one side of the top of the heat exchange tube 9, a driven shaft 104 on the other side of the top of the heat exchange tube 9 that is linked to the drive shaft 102, a second driven shaft 112 that cooperates with the drive shaft 102, and a third driven shaft 113 that cooperates with the driven shaft 104 at the bottom of the heat exchange tube group 9. The transmission system consisting of the above four shafts is connected to a scraper rake arranged perpendicular to the heat exchange tube 9. The scraper rake can clean the entire length of the heat exchange tube 9 by moving up and down.

[0036] In terms of transmission system details, reversing wheels 110 and tensioning wheels 111 are respectively installed on the outer sides of the upper and lower ends of the heat exchange tubes 9 inside the furnace body 2. The reversing wheels 110 guide the transmission bar (belt) in the correct position, and the tensioning wheels 111 tension the transmission bar (belt). This device is equipped with cleaning brushes at all reversing wheels 110 and tensioning wheels 111, and cleaning brushes and movable sealing ports are provided at the points where the transmission bar (belt) enters and exits the furnace body 2 shell.

[0037] In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 9 is divided into four parts by three partition plates 11: see also Figure 2 These are scraper rake 106, scraper rake 2 107, scraper rake 3 108, and scraper rake 4 109. The four scraper rakes are identical in structure except for the different dimensions formed by the space they are separated from and the different orientations of the half-frame openings of the rake frame 1061. The following explanation will take scraper rake 106 as an example.

[0038] Let X, Y, and Z be the horizontal transverse direction of the scraper rake, the horizontal longitudinal direction of the scraper rake, and the vertical direction where the heat exchange tubes 9 are located, respectively. The scraper rake includes a rake frame 1061, which has a semi-frame structure. The semi-frame can surround the perimeter of the heat exchange tube group 9. With the rake frame 1061 as the basic skeleton, rake rods 1062 are arranged between the two parallel opposite sides of the rake frame 1061, so that the rake rods 1062 are inserted between the rows of heat exchange tubes arranged in the Y direction. On each rake rod 1062, rake brushes 1063 are evenly distributed according to the spacing of the heat exchange tubes 9, so that the rake brushes 1063 are distributed between the rows of heat exchange tubes 9 arranged in the X direction. The rake frame 1061 is arranged near the edge of the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange tube group 9, which also serves as a cleaning tool. The rake rods 1062 and rake brushes 1063 are arranged in the middle of the adjacent heat exchange tubes 9 in the column or row, such as... Figure 6 As shown.

[0039] Upper and lower limit switches are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the heat exchange tube 9 along the height direction, which serve as the upper and lower height movement limit positions of the scraper rake.

[0040] In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 101 includes a drive motor. The drive shaft 102 and the driven shaft 104, the drive shaft 102 and the second driven shaft 112, and the driven shaft 104 and the third driven shaft 113 are all linked by sprockets and transmission chains 103.

[0041] Example 1 of the scraper rake structure: The cross-sections of the rake frame 1061, rake rod 1062, and rake brush 1063 are all flat elliptical structures with blade-like upper and lower ends, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the two ends of the rake rod 1062 are screwed or welded to the rake frame 1061, and one end of the rake brush 1063 is screwed or welded to the rake rod 1062, forming a rigid structure for the entire scraper rake.

[0042] Example 2 of scraper structure: The rake frame 1061, rake rod 1062 and rake brush 1063 are all steel wire rope structures, wherein the diameter of the steel wire of the rake frame 1061 is larger than that of the rake rod 1062, and the diameter of the rake brush 1063 is equal to that of the rake rod 1062.

[0043] Example 3 of scraper rake structure: The cross-section of the rake frame 1061 is a flat elliptical structure with blade-shaped upper and lower ends, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the rake rod 1062 is a steel wire rope structure, and the rake brushes 1063 are all short steel bar structures.

[0044] Example 1 of drive mechanism 101 and transmission system: A set of drive wheels 105 are provided on each of the four shafts. The drive wheels are all sprocket structures. The sprockets on the drive shaft 102 and the driven shaft 104 are all shortage gears. The shortage gear is a sprocket with only one tooth in one circumference of the chain teeth that is smaller than the standard tooth. All the shortage gears on the drive shaft 102 are installed in the same direction. In addition to being installed in the same direction, the shortage gears on the driven shaft 104 also need to move synchronously with the shortage gears on the drive shaft 102.

[0045] During operation, whether the steam fluidized bed furnace is in normal calcination or undergoing maintenance, the drive mechanism 101 is activated, and the scraper moves up and down within the height limits set by the upper and lower limit switches to clean the accumulated material adhering to the heat exchange tubes 9. This keeps the heat exchange tubes 9 clean, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency, lower energy consumption per unit product, more uniform fluidization of gypsum material, and a significant reduction in over- and under-calcination, thus stabilizing product quality. The fluidized bed furnace is the core and critical equipment of the entire building gypsum production line. By applying this automatic cleaning device, the reduction in fluidized bed furnace maintenance also reduces the overall maintenance workload of the production line, improving its operating time and efficiency.

[0046] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. For example, the transmission system may use belt drive, the arrangement direction of the rake rod and the rake brush may be interchanged, etc. In the field of desulfurized gypsum calcination equipment technology, any simple modifications to the structure of the present invention without departing from the principles of the present technical solution are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A kind of steam boiling furnace automatic material cleaning device in furnace, including the drive mechanism (101) being set in the outside of boiling furnace furnace body (2), it is characterized in that the space part of entire heat exchange pipe (9) group in furnace body can be completely contained, four shafts controlled by drive mechanism are arranged: namely the driving shaft (102) at the top of heat exchange pipe, and the driven shaft (104) linked with driving shaft, the second driven shaft (112) at the bottom of heat exchange pipe group and the matching driving shaft, and the third driven shaft (113) matched with driven shaft;Transmission system formed by four shafts is connected with the material cleaning rake arranged perpendicularly with heat exchange pipe; The material cleaning rake includes rake frame (1061), rake pole (1062) being arranged between heat exchange pipe column and column in Y direction, and rake brush (1063) being fixed on rake pole and being distributed between heat exchange pipe row and row arranged in X direction; The cross section of rake frame (1061), rake pole (1062) and rake brush (1063) is the flat ellipse structure with knife edge at the top and bottom, or steel wire rope structure, or the combination of flat ellipse structure with knife edge at the top and bottom and steel wire rope structure in height direction; Driving wheel (105) is arranged on the four shafts, and driving wheel is chain wheel structure, and chain wheel is short gear, and the short gear is the chain tooth of chain wheel, and only one tooth of chain tooth is smaller than standard tooth.

2. The in-furnace automatic material cleaning device of the steam boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material cleaning rake is set as several groups according to the space separation area of the separation plate (11) in boiling furnace.

3. The in-furnace automatic material cleaning device of the steam boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rake frame (1061) is arranged near the heat exchange pipe edge in the heat exchange pipe (9) group, and rake pole (1062) and rake brush (1063) are arranged in the middle part of adjacent heat exchange pipe column or row.

4. The in-furnace automatic material cleaning device of the steam boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized by Upper and lower travel switches are arranged along the height direction of heat exchange pipe (9).

5. The in-furnace automatic material cleaning device of the steam boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (101) includes driving motor, and driving shaft (102) and driven shaft (104), driving shaft and second driven shaft (112), and driven shaft and third driven shaft (113) are connected by chain wheel and chain.

6. The in-furnace automatic material cleaning device of the steam boiling furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short gear in driving wheel (105) is arranged on driving shaft (102) and driven shaft (104), and all short gears are synchronous on the shaft.

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