Optical fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm

Abstract

Disclosed is a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on an annealing algorithm. In the method, a plurality of fiber sensing tips, a plurality of modulation and demodulation nodes, and a wireless gateway construct a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture. The fiber sensing tips are directly connected to the modulation and demodulation nodes by overhead optical fibers. The modulation and demodulation nodes modulate and demodulate the optical signals in the plurality of fiber sensing tips connected thereto to convert the optical signals collected by the fiber sensing tips into electrical signals, and transmit the processed electrical signals to the wireless gateway by wireless means. The number of enumerated modulation and demodulation nodes is N S Next, the deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation nodes is optimized to obtain the optimal deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation nodes by taking the minimum value of the scheme cost function as the target by using the simulated annealing algorithm, and the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture is deployed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor network technology, and in particular to a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm. Background Technology

[0002] In many engineering applications, electrical equipment needs to be deployed directly in uninhabited areas with harsh natural environments. Due to their complex internal structures and harsh external environments, such electrical equipment faces a high risk of failure during long-term operation. If faults in such equipment cannot be located and eliminated in a timely manner, they may pose a significant threat to the normal operation of the power system to which they belong. Because of their remote locations, regular manual inspections of such equipment are difficult to conduct effectively. Therefore, deploying sensor networks can be used to achieve remote monitoring and fault diagnosis of such equipment.

[0003] The complex internal electromagnetic environment of electrical equipment during operation can easily cause significant interference to traditional sensors that also use electromagnetic signals as their output carrier. In contrast, fiber optic sensors, which have gained increasing attention in recent years, use optical signals as their output carrier and possess strong resistance to electromagnetic interference. They also offer advantages over traditional sensors in the aforementioned application scenarios in terms of high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties.

[0004] In practical applications of fiber optic sensors, corresponding light sources and demodulators are required. Common wireless fiber optic sensor network solutions require deploying fiber optic cables, light sources, and demodulators simultaneously on each monitored electrical device, and equipping each device with a wireless signal transmission module to wirelessly aggregate detection data to the upper-level network. This approach necessitates providing independent power supplies for the sensing-communication system of each device, impacting the solution's economy and robustness. Furthermore, if the number of devices to be monitored is large, the processor power consumption and computing power of each sensing-communication system are limited by the overall construction cost, making it difficult to further deploy relatively complex distributed computing and wireless encrypted transmission algorithms.

[0005] In summary, to overcome the shortcomings of wireless fiber optic sensor network solutions, pursue lower construction costs, and realize additional functions such as distributed computing and wireless encrypted transmission algorithms, this invention proposes a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture, and proposes a specific planning and deployment method based on the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm under this architecture.

[0006] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm. This method can optimize the performance of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network at the lowest cost, and has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities, as well as excellent high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm, comprising,

[0009] Step 1: Construct a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture using multiple fiber optic sensing terminals, multiple modulation and demodulation points, and a wireless gateway. The fiber optic sensing terminals and modulation and demodulation points are directly connected by overhead optical fibers. The modulation and demodulation points simultaneously modulate and demodulate the optical signals in the multiple fiber optic sensing terminals connected to them to convert the optical signals collected by the fiber optic sensing terminals into electrical signals.

[0010] Fiber optic sensing terminals are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored, modem control points are deployed on some of the electrical devices to be monitored, and wireless gateways are deployed independently. The cost function of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture is constructed based on the deployment of the electrical devices to be monitored and the modem control points. Where, N S P represents the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S The cost of the modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where N is the number of electrical devices to be monitored, and P... L (i) represents the cost of laying optical fiber between the i-th electrical device to be monitored and the optimal modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where the optimal node is obtained by traversing N. S The modulation and demodulation adjustment point that minimizes the cost of laying optical fiber between the electrical equipment to be monitored, obtained after adjusting the modulation and demodulation points.

[0011] Step 2, the number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points S Perform enumeration, ensuring N during enumeration. S Not greater than N and not less than Where n max This represents the maximum number of fiber optic sensing terminals that can be connected simultaneously at each modulation / demodulation point, in each enumerated N. S Below, the simulated annealing algorithm is used to optimize the deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points with the objective of minimizing the scheme cost function value, thereby obtaining the optimal deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points.

[0012] 2.1) Determine the initial temperature T0 of the annealing process, ensuring that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation / demodulation point is no greater than n. max Under the premise of N devices to be monitored, N are randomly selected. SThe stations are used as modulation and demodulation adjustment points, forming a set S0. Calculate the cost function value P at this point. Total (S0) represents the internal energy in this state.

[0013] 2.2) According to the cooling coefficient α, the temperature drops to the next level: T i =α·T i-1 ;

[0014] 2.3) In the current set S i Randomly select a modulation and demodulation adjustment point and replace it with the remaining NN. S The location of one of the electrical devices to be monitored is randomly selected, and it is ensured that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation and demodulation point after replacement is still no greater than n. max The set S is obtained. j Calculate the internal energy separately and

[0015] 2.4) Decide whether to accept the new set S according to the Metropolis criterion. j ,in,

[0016] a) If Then accept set S j ;

[0017] b) If Then The probability accepting set S j ;

[0018] 2.5) If it is decided to accept set S j Then let S i =S j ,like Let the optimal solution S best =S j and update the minimum internal energy

[0019] 2.6) Repeat steps 2.3) to 2.5) m times;

[0020] 2.7) If the temperature T at this time i Below the minimum temperature threshold T L Then output the optimal solution S. best Otherwise, return to step 2.2;

[0021] Step 3: Select the optimal number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points from all enumeration results. S This makes the corresponding Minimum, the number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. SThe optimal solution S is selected through multiple optimization steps, following step 2. best , so that the corresponding Minimum, according to scheme S best Deploy a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture following these steps;

[0022] 3.1) In scheme S best Modulation and demodulation adjustment points are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored within the dataset;

[0023] 3.2) Deploy fiber optic sensing terminals on each of the remaining electrical devices to be monitored and connect them to the most suitable modulation and demodulation point nearby via overhead fiber optic cables to minimize fiber optic installation costs.

[0024] 3.3) Deploy a wireless gateway to ensure that each modem adjustment point can establish a connection with the wireless gateway.

[0025] In the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, in step 1, the modem adjustment point is equipped with a processor to perform distributed calculations on the demodulated electrical signals and encrypt the calculation results. The encrypted calculation results are transmitted to the wireless gateway by the wireless transmission module in the modem adjustment point, and the wireless gateway forwards the encrypted calculation results to the cloud server.

[0026] In the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, the wireless transmission module transmits data to the wireless gateway using the LoRa and Zigbee wireless transmission protocols. The wireless gateway then forwards the encrypted calculation results to the cloud server via Ethernet.

[0027] In the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, the cooling coefficient α∈[0.5, 0.99].

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm described in the present invention achieves optimal deployment performance and deployment cost, has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and is resistant to high temperature, corrosion and mechanical properties, and can realize distributed computing and wireless encrypted transmission algorithms. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0030] In the attached diagram:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture based on an annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on an annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a distribution map of the electrical equipment to be monitored in region K in an embodiment of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is an example of a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on an annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention, which enumerates the number N of different modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S Optimal cost of the following deployment scheme A schematic diagram;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a selected N in a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on an annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention. S =Optimal cost under multiple simulated annealing optimization at 15 hours Schematic diagram;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a deployment scheme for a region K fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network obtained in an embodiment of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following will refer to the appendix. Figures 1 to 6Specific embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail below. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0039] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0040] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0041] To better understand, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm includes:

[0042] Step 1: Construct a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture using multiple fiber optic sensing terminals, multiple modulation and demodulation points, and a wireless gateway. The fiber optic sensing terminals and modulation and demodulation points are directly connected by overhead optical fibers. The modulation and demodulation points simultaneously modulate and demodulate the optical signals in the multiple fiber optic sensing terminals connected to them to convert the optical signals collected by the fiber optic sensing terminals into electrical signals.

[0043] Fiber optic sensing terminals are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored, modem control points are deployed on some of the electrical devices to be monitored, and wireless gateways are deployed independently. The cost function of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture is constructed based on the deployment of the electrical devices to be monitored and the modem control points. Where, N S P represents the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S The cost of the modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where N is the number of electrical devices to be monitored, and P... L (i) represents the cost of laying optical fiber between the i-th electrical device to be monitored and the optimal modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where the optimal node is obtained by traversing N. SThe modulation and demodulation adjustment point that minimizes the cost of laying optical fiber between the electrical equipment to be monitored, obtained after adjusting the modulation and demodulation points.

[0044] Step 2, the number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points S When performing enumeration, it is guaranteed that N S Not greater than N and not less than Where n max This represents the maximum number of fiber optic sensing terminals that can be connected simultaneously at each modulation / demodulation point, in each enumerated N. S Below, the simulated annealing algorithm is used to optimize the deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points with the objective of minimizing the scheme cost function value, thereby obtaining the optimal deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points.

[0045] 2.1) Determine the initial temperature T0 of the annealing process, ensuring that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation / demodulation point is no greater than n. max Under the premise of N devices to be monitored, N are randomly selected. S The stations are used as modulation and demodulation adjustment points, forming a set S0. Calculate the cost function value P at this point. Total (S0) represents the internal energy in this state.

[0046] 2.2) According to the cooling coefficient α, the temperature drops to the next level: T i =α·T i-1 ;

[0047] 2.3) In the current set S i Randomly select a modulation and demodulation adjustment point and replace it with the remaining NN. S The location of one of the electrical devices to be monitored is randomly selected, and it is ensured that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation and demodulation point after replacement is still no greater than n. max The set S is obtained. j Calculate the internal energy separately and

[0048] 2.4) Decide whether to accept the new set S according to the Metropolis criterion. j ,in,

[0049] a) If Then accept set S j ;

[0050] b) If Then The probability accepting set S j ;

[0051] 2.5) If it is decided to accept set S j Then let Si =S j ,like Let the optimal solution S best =S j and update the minimum internal energy

[0052] 2.6) Repeat steps 2.3) to 2.5) m times;

[0053] 2.7) If the temperature T at this time i Below the minimum temperature threshold T L Then output the optimal solution S. best Otherwise, return to step 2.2;

[0054] Step 3: Select the optimal number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points from all enumeration results. S This makes the corresponding Minimum, the number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S The optimal solution S is selected through multiple optimization steps, following step 2. best , so that the corresponding Minimum, according to scheme S best Deploy a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture using the following steps:

[0055] 3.1) In scheme S best Modulation and demodulation adjustment points are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored within the dataset;

[0056] 3.2) Deploy fiber optic sensing terminals on each of the remaining electrical devices to be monitored and connect them to the most suitable modulation and demodulation point nearby via overhead fiber optic cables to minimize fiber optic installation costs.

[0057] 3.3) Deploy a wireless gateway to ensure that each modem adjustment point can establish a connection with the wireless gateway.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, in step 1, a processor is provided in the modem adjustment point to perform distributed calculations on the demodulated electrical signals and encrypt the calculation results. The encrypted calculation results are transmitted to the wireless gateway by the wireless transmission module in the modem adjustment point, and the wireless gateway forwards the encrypted calculation results to the cloud server.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, the wireless transmission module transmits data to the wireless gateway using LoRa or Zigbee wireless transmission protocols, and the wireless gateway forwards the encrypted calculation results to the cloud server via Ethernet.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on the annealing algorithm, the cooling coefficient α ∈ [0.5, 0.99].

[0061] In one embodiment, fiber optic sensing terminals are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored, modem points are deployed on some of the monitored devices depending on the distribution of the sensing terminals, and wireless gateways are deployed independently depending on the distribution of the modem points. The fiber optic sensing terminals and modem points are directly connected by overhead optical fibers. The fiber optic sensing terminals do not perform modulation and demodulation, therefore they do not require additional power. The modem points can simultaneously modulate and demodulate the optical signals in multiple connected optical fibers, converting the data collected by their sensing terminals from each fiber into electrical signals. The modem points can be equipped with high-performance processors to perform distributed computation on the demodulated electrical signal monitoring data and encrypt the results. The encrypted computation results are transmitted by the wireless transmission module in the modem point to the wireless gateway using wireless transmission protocols including but not limited to LoRa and Zigbee. The wireless gateway then forwards the data to a cloud server via Ethernet or other means for final processing and application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of this fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture is provided.

[0062] For a given set of electrical devices to be monitored within a certain area, the following steps can be taken to plan and deploy a fiber-optic-wireless hybrid sensor network:

[0063] 1) Construct the cost function of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network based on the site conditions and actual needs;

[0064] 2) Based on the simulated annealing algorithm, with the goal of minimizing the total cost of the scheme, the allocation scheme is optimized under different total numbers of modulator-demodulator adjustment points;

[0065] 3) From the results of 2), select the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points that minimizes the total cost, repeatedly use the simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the allocation scheme, and determine the location of the wireless gateway based on the optimal scheme.

[0066] Furthermore, in step 1), based on the given location distribution of the electrical equipment to be monitored, the actual conditions such as the site terrain, environment, and residential areas are examined to determine the minimum cost of laying overhead optical fiber between every two electrical devices. The results are then expressed as an adjacency matrix Z. N×N In the form of N, N is the total number of devices to be monitored in the area, and the element Z(i,j) = Z(j,i) represents the minimum cost of laying optical fiber between the i-th device and the j-th device.

[0067] Based on the functional requirements of this sensor network, the selection schemes for modules such as modems, processors, wireless transmission modules, and power supply systems in the modem-demodulation points are determined, and the minimum cost P of each modem-demodulation point is determined while meeting the requirements. S .

[0068] For the i-th device (i∈[1,N]) among the N devices to be monitored, traverse the given N... S There are several modulation and demodulation adjustment points, and the optimal one is selected to minimize the cost of laying optical fiber between the monitored device and this modulation and demodulation adjustment point. This is then used in an N-dimensional vector, specifically in the i-th dimension P. L (i) represents this cost. Clearly, if a modem adjustment point is deployed on the i-th device, then according to the stated rule, it should be selected as the optimal modem adjustment point (P). L (i) = 0).

[0069] After performing the above operations on each of the N devices to be monitored, for a given set of N devices to be monitored and any N... S The cost function of the scheme, i.e., the total cost, at each modulation and demodulation adjustment point can be expressed as:

[0070]

[0071] Furthermore, in step 2), the number N of modulation / demodulation adjustment points used in the scheme is first determined. S Perform enumeration. During enumeration, it should be ensured that N... S Not greater than N and not less than Where n max This represents the maximum number of fiber optic sensing terminals that can be connected simultaneously at each modulation and demodulation point.

[0072] Then, for each enumerated N... S The following steps are performed using simulated annealing algorithm to optimize the selection of modulation and demodulation adjustment points, with the goal of minimizing the cost function value:

[0073] 2.1) Determine the initial temperature T0 of the annealing process, ensuring that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation / demodulation point is no greater than n. max Under the premise of N devices to be monitored, N are randomly selected. S The stations, acting as modulation and demodulation adjustment points, form a set S0. Calculate the cost function value P at this point. Total (S0) represents the internal energy in this state.

[0074] 2.2) According to the cooling coefficient α (α∈[0.5, 0.99]), reduce to the next temperature:

[0075] T i =α·Ti-1

[0076] 2.3) In the current set S i Randomly select a modulation and demodulation adjustment point and replace it with the remaining NN. S The location of one of the devices to be monitored is randomly selected, and it is ensured that the total number of fiber optic sensor terminals connected to each modulation and demodulation point after replacement is still no greater than n. max The set S is obtained. j Calculate the internal energy separately and

[0077] 2.4) Decide whether to accept the new set S according to the Metropolis criterion. j The specific method is:

[0078] a) If Then accept S j .

[0079] b) If Then The probability of accepting S j .

[0080] 2.5) If you decide to accept S j Then let S i =S j .like Let the optimal solution S best =S j and update the minimum internal energy

[0081] 2.6) Repeat steps 2.3) to 2.5) m times.

[0082] 2.7) If the temperature T at this time i Below the minimum temperature threshold T L Then output the optimal solution S. best Otherwise, return to step 2.2).

[0083] Figure 2 A flowchart of the network deployment optimization scheme based on the simulated annealing algorithm in step 2) is given.

[0084] Furthermore, in step 3), the optimal N is selected from all the enumeration results. S This makes the corresponding Minimum. Here, N... S Down, press Figure 2 The process shown employs simulated annealing algorithm optimization multiple times, selecting the optimal solution S. best , so that the corresponding Minimum. According to S bestDeploy a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network by following these steps:

[0085] 3.1) In S best Deploy modulation and demodulation adjustment points on each device to be monitored within the set;

[0086] 3.2) Deploy fiber optic sensing terminals on each of the remaining devices to be monitored and connect them to the most suitable modulation and demodulation point nearby via overhead fiber optic cables to minimize fiber optic installation costs.

[0087] 3.3) Select a suitable location to deploy the wireless gateway and ensure that each modem adjustment point can establish a connection with the wireless gateway.

[0088] In one embodiment, 50 electrical devices to be monitored are distributed within a certain area K (10×10km), with their specific locations as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Deploy a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network in this area following these steps.

[0089] 1) The electrical equipment to be monitored has a complex structure, requiring simultaneous real-time monitoring of multiple operational physical quantities. Due to the massive amount of monitoring data, distributed computing units need to be deployed at the modem control points. Furthermore, from an energy security perspective, the monitoring data must be transmitted wirelessly with encryption. Based on these requirements, the average cost of each modem control point is 5000, and the maximum number of fiber optic sensor terminals that can be connected simultaneously is n. max =6. Area K is located in a remote and uninhabited area, and overhead optical fibers can be directly laid in the equipment room without considering relocation compensation issues. The average cost of laying optical fibers is 2500 per kilometer.

[0090] Based on the above, the cost function of the proposed solution can be established as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Where L(i) represents the distance from the i-th device to be monitored to the nearest modulation and demodulation adjustment point.

[0093] 2) The number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points N is within the range of 9 to 50. S Perform separate enumerations. Set the initial temperature T0 = 1000, and the minimum temperature threshold T... L =0.001, cooling coefficient α = 0.9, the number of times the solution is sought at each temperature is m = 1000, according to Figure 2 The process shown is based on the simulated annealing algorithm at each N S The next step is to find the optimal modulation and demodulation adjustment point deployment scheme S. best This makes the corresponding optimal (low) cost Minimum.

[0094] The optimal cost of a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment scheme within region K can be obtained. With the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points N S The change curve is as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure. It can be seen that when the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points N... S When the value is 15, the optimal cost of the solution is... The minimum value can be obtained.

[0095] 3) Based on the results in step 2), in order to further reduce the impact of randomness in the simulated annealing algorithm, N is selected. S =15, repeat the simulated annealing algorithm optimization process 50 times, and obtain the optimal cost each time. like Figure 5 As shown.

[0096] N can be obtained S When the value is 15, the lowest cost solution that the simulated annealing algorithm can find is 160,121. Referring to the distribution of modem adjustment points given by the optimal solution at this time, the deployment location of the wireless gateway is determined. In this example, the LoRa wireless communication protocol can be used, and the wireless gateway can be deployed at the center of the area to achieve wireless transmission coverage for all modem adjustment points within area K.

[0097] The optimal deployment scheme for the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network in region K is as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm, characterized in that, It includes, Step 1: Construct a fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture using multiple fiber optic sensing terminals, multiple modulation and demodulation points, and a wireless gateway. The fiber optic sensing terminals and modulation and demodulation points are directly connected by overhead optical fibers. The modulation and demodulation points simultaneously modulate and demodulate the optical signals in the multiple fiber optic sensing terminals connected to them to convert the optical signals collected by the fiber optic sensing terminals into electrical signals. Fiber optic sensing terminals are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored, modem control points are deployed on some of the electrical devices to be monitored, and wireless gateways are deployed independently. The cost function of the fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture is constructed based on the deployment of the electrical devices to be monitored and the modem control points. Where, N S P represents the number of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S The cost of the modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where N is the number of electrical devices to be monitored, and P... L (i) represents the cost of laying optical fiber between the i-th electrical device to be monitored and the optimal modulation and demodulation adjustment point, where the optimal node is obtained by traversing N. S The modulation and demodulation adjustment point that minimizes the cost of laying optical fiber between the electrical equipment to be monitored, obtained after adjusting the modulation and demodulation points. Step 2, adjust the number N of modulation / demodulation adjustment points. S Perform enumeration, ensuring N during enumeration. S Not greater than N and not less than Where n max This represents the maximum number of fiber optic sensing terminals that can be connected simultaneously at each modulation / demodulation point, in each enumerated N. S Below, the simulated annealing algorithm is used to optimize the deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points with the objective of minimizing the scheme cost function value, thereby obtaining the optimal deployment scheme of the modulation and demodulation adjustment points. 2.1) Determine the initial temperature T0 of the annealing process, ensuring that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation / demodulation point is no greater than n. max Under the premise of N devices to be monitored, N are randomly selected. S The stations are used as modulation and demodulation adjustment points, forming a set S0. Calculate the cost function value P at this point. Total (S0) represents the internal energy in this state. 2.2) According to the cooling coefficient α, the temperature drops to the next level: T i =α·T i-1 , 2.3) In the current set S i Randomly select a modulation and demodulation adjustment point and replace it with the remaining NN. S The location of one of the electrical devices to be monitored is randomly selected, and it is ensured that the total number of fiber optic sensing terminals connected to each modulation and demodulation point after replacement is still no greater than n. max The set S is obtained. j Calculate the internal energy separately and 2.4) Decide whether to accept the new set S according to the Metropolis criterion. j ,in, a) If Then accept set S j ; b) If Then The probability accepting set S j ; 2.5) If it is decided to accept set S j Then let S i =S j ,like Let the optimal solution S best =S j and update the minimum internal energy 2.6) Repeat steps 2.3) to 2.5) m times; 2.7) If the temperature T at this time i Below the minimum temperature threshold T L Then output the optimal solution S. best Otherwise, return to step 2.2; Step 3: Select the optimal number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points from all enumeration results. S This makes the corresponding Minimum, the number N of modulation and demodulation adjustment points. S The optimal solution S is selected through multiple optimization steps, following step 2. best , so that the corresponding Minimum, according to scheme S best Deploy a fiber-to-wireless hybrid sensor network architecture following these steps; 3.1) In scheme S best Modulation and demodulation adjustment points are deployed on each electrical device to be monitored within the dataset; 3.2) Deploy fiber optic sensing terminals on each of the remaining electrical devices to be monitored and connect them to the most suitable modulation and demodulation point nearby via overhead fiber optic cables to minimize fiber optic installation costs. 3.3) Deploy a wireless gateway to ensure that each modem adjustment point can establish a connection with the wireless gateway.

2. The fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, preferably, in step 1, the modem adjustment point is equipped with a processor to perform distributed calculation on the demodulated electrical signal and encrypt the calculation result. The encrypted calculation result is transmitted to the wireless gateway by the wireless transmission module in the modem adjustment point, and the wireless gateway forwards the encrypted calculation result to the cloud server.

3. The fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wireless transmission module transmits data to the wireless gateway using LoRa and Zigbee wireless transmission protocols. The wireless gateway then forwards the encrypted calculation results to the cloud server via Ethernet.

4. The fiber-wireless hybrid sensor network deployment method based on annealing algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling coefficient α ∈ [0.5, 0.99].

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