Underwater metal member cutting lance and cutting apparatus

Abstract

The application provides an underwater metal component cutting spray gun and a cutting device. The underwater metal component cutting spray gun comprises a spray gun body provided with an inner cavity, a partition plate arranged in the inner cavity, the partition plate dividing the inner cavity into a spraying cavity and a combustion cavity, an atomizing nozzle arranged on the partition plate, the spraying cavity being communicated with the combustion cavity through the atomizing nozzle, and the spraying cavity being communicated with an external fuel and oxidant mixing device; a supply preheating pipeline, an inlet of which being connected with a fuel and oxidant heating device outside the spray gun body, an outlet of the supply preheating pipeline penetrating through the spraying cavity and being arranged in the combustion cavity; and an igniter arranged on a cavity wall of the spray gun body and connected with the combustion cavity. The supply preheating pipeline is used for injecting preheated fuel and oxidant and preheating a to-be-cut object, and when the to-be-cut object is melted to a cuttable state, a fuel and an oxidant in a set proportion are injected into the combustion cavity through the spraying cavity and the atomizing nozzle, so that detonation combustion is carried out in the combustion cavity and a detonation wave is formed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an underwater metal member cutting torch and cutting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the emergence of offshore structures such as offshore platforms, submarine pipelines, submarine oil storage, submarine tunnels, offshore airfields, etc., underwater cutting technology is an essential technical means in the construction process of their manufacture, underwater installation, maintenance, etc. In addition, the removal, disassembly and scrapping of decommissioned nuclear facilities and nuclear fuel also require safe, high-quality, precise and less radioactive waste underwater cutting technology.

[0003] There are many underwater cutting methods at present, mainly including high-temperature electric arc plasma cutting, high-temperature flame cutting, and laser cutting developed in recent years.

[0004] However, the existing underwater laser cutting torch is only suitable for water depths of 10m-0.1m, and there is no laser cutting torch suitable for water depths of 50m. In addition, the focal length of the cutting focusing lens used is basically less than 300mm, which is suitable for cutting relatively thin steel plates, and the cutting speed of medium-thick plates is slow, the cutting section is rough, the back is seriously slagged, and the cutting quality is not ideal.

[0005] The existing underwater flame cutting equipment requires that the oxidant and fuel enter the cutting torch at the same time, and the safety conditions are ensured to ignite first, and then the intensity of the cutting flame is adjusted by adjusting the flow of the oxidant, which takes a long time to adjust. In the cutting process, the kinetic energy of the cutting oxygen flow blows the combustion products away from the cut plate, and the preheating and perforating time required in the cutting process is long, and the cutting speed is slow. And the thermal deformation during cutting is large, especially when cutting thin plates, the cutting precision is not high. It cannot cut non-ferrous metals such as copper, aluminum and stainless steel. The combustion of fuel is serious pollution to the environment, and is not environmentally friendly. After cutting is completed, there is a risk of re-ignition due to operational errors, and there is a certain degree of insecurity. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the present application provides an underwater metal member cutting torch and cutting equipment to reduce the preheating time and perforation time required for cutting, and increase the ability of the cutting equipment to cut plate thickness, so as to improve the cutting efficiency.

[0007] The specific solution of the present invention is: an underwater metal component cutting spray gun, comprising: a spray gun body, provided with an inner cavity, a partition plate provided in the inner cavity, the partition plate divides the inner cavity into an injection chamber and a combustion chamber, an atomizing nozzle is provided on the partition plate, the injection chamber is connected to the combustion chamber through the atomizing nozzle, and the injection chamber is connected to an external fuel and oxidant mixing device; a supply preheating pipeline, the inlet of which is connected to the fuel and oxidant heating device outside the spray gun body, and the outlet of the supply preheating pipeline passes through the injection chamber and is placed in the combustion chamber; an igniter is provided on the cavity wall of the spray gun body and connected to the combustion chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the spray gun body also includes a jet nozzle, which is arranged in the combustion chamber and located at one end away from the injection chamber, and the outlet of the preheating pipeline is located at the inlet of the jet nozzle.

[0009] Furthermore, the jet nozzle is provided with an axial through hole, the axial through hole has a tapered section and a constant diameter section, the small diameter end of the tapered section is connected to the constant diameter section, and the large diameter end of the tapered section faces the outlet of the preheating pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, the outlet of the supply preheating pipeline corresponds to the inlet of the equal diameter section.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure-maintaining controllable switch is provided at the outlet of the jet nozzle.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple atomizing nozzles, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the partition plate.

[0013] Furthermore, there are multiple igniters, which are arranged at intervals on the cavity wall of the spray gun body.

[0014] The present invention also provides underwater metal component cutting equipment, including the above-mentioned underwater metal component cutting spray gun.

[0015] Furthermore, the underwater metal component cutting equipment includes a fuel and oxidant heating device, which is provided with a fuel heating inlet, an oxidant heating inlet, a fuel heating outlet and an oxidant heating outlet. The fuel heating inlet is connected to the fuel supply tank, the oxidant heating inlet is connected to the oxidant supply tank, and the fuel heating outlet and the oxidant heating outlet are respectively connected to the corresponding pipelines of the preheating pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the underwater metal component cutting equipment includes a fuel and oxidant mixing device and a pressurizing device. The fuel and oxidant mixing device includes a first mixing inlet, a second mixing inlet and a mixing outlet. The first mixing inlet is connected to the oxidant supply tank, the second mixing inlet is connected to the fuel supply tank, the mixing outlet is connected to the inlet of the pressurizing device, and the outlet of the pressurizing device is connected to the injection chamber.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by at least one of the above-mentioned technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this specification include at least: injecting preheating fuel and oxidant through the supply preheating pipeline and using them to preheat the object to be cut, and when it is melted to a cuttable state, injecting a set proportion of fuel and oxidant through the injection chamber through the atomizing nozzle, thereby performing detonation combustion in the combustion chamber and forming a detonation wave, and the detonation wave is ejected from the spray gun body at high speed along with the high-temperature flame generated by the combustion to melt and cut the object to be cut, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the cutting efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Oxidant supply tank; 2. Fuel supply tank; 3. Fuel and oxidant heating device; 4. Fuel and oxidant mixing device; 5. Pressurizing device; 8. Spray gun body; 81. Ignition device; 82. Jet nozzle; 83. Pressure-maintaining controllable switch; 84. Atomizing nozzle; 85. Partition plate; 86. Injection chamber; 87. Combustion chamber; 88. Supply preheating pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the following embodiments and embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] like Figure 1As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an underwater metal component cutting spray gun, comprising a spray gun body 8, a preheating supply pipeline 88 and an igniter 81. The spray gun body 8 is provided with an inner cavity, and a partition plate 85 is arranged in the inner cavity, which divides the inner cavity into a spraying cavity 86 and a combustion cavity 87. The partition plate 85 is provided with an atomizing nozzle 84, the spraying cavity 86 is communicated with the combustion cavity 87 through the atomizing nozzle 84, and the spraying cavity 86 is communicated with the external fuel and oxidant mixing device 4. The inlet of the preheating supply pipeline 88 is connected with the fuel and oxidant heating device 3 outside the spray gun body 8, the outlet of the preheating supply pipeline 88 penetrates through the spraying cavity 86 and is arranged in the combustion cavity 87. The igniter 81 is arranged on the cavity wall of the spray gun body 8 and is connected with the combustion cavity 87.

[0024] The preheating fuel and oxidant are injected through the preheating supply pipeline 88 and used for preheating the object to be cut. When the object to be cut is melted to a cuttable state, the fuel and oxidant with a set proportion are injected through the spraying cavity 86 through the atomizing nozzle 84, so that the detonation combustion is carried out in the combustion cavity 87, and the detonation wave is formed. The detonation wave is sprayed out of the spray gun body 8 at high speed along with the high-temperature flame generated by combustion, so as to melt and cut the object to be cut, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the cutting efficiency.

[0025] Preferably, the spray gun body 8 further comprises a jet nozzle 82, which is arranged in the combustion cavity 87 and located away from one end of the spraying cavity 86. The outlet of the preheating supply pipeline 88 is located at the inlet of the jet nozzle 82. By arranging the jet nozzle 82, the spray gun body 8 can be protected from being damaged by the high-temperature flame. Meanwhile, the jet nozzle 82 is arranged in a detachable structure, so that the jet nozzle 82 can be replaced and maintained when it is damaged, thereby improving the service life of the whole device.

[0026] It should be noted that the jet nozzle 82 is made of tungsten-copper alloy material and can withstand high temperature.

[0027] The jet nozzle 82 in the embodiment of the present application is provided with an axial through hole, which has a taper section and a constant-diameter section. The small-diameter end of the taper section is connected with the constant-diameter section, and the large-diameter end of the taper section faces the outlet of the preheating supply pipeline 88. The outlet of the preheating supply pipeline 88 corresponds to the position of the inlet of the constant-diameter section.

[0028] The arrangement of the taper section in the embodiment of the present application can make the combustion cavity 87 have the maximum combustion space, and the taper section gradually reduces in diameter along the jet direction, so that the detonation wave and the high-temperature flame generated by combustion are concentrated and sprayed out, which can more efficiently complete the cutting work. Meanwhile, the constant-diameter section arranged at the rear position of the taper section can effectively stabilize the detonation wave and the high-temperature flame, so as to form a stable and controllable cutting flame at the outlet position of the cutting spray gun, thereby avoiding the problem of reduced cutting precision caused by unstable flame.

[0029] In the embodiment of the present application, the outlet of the jet nozzle 82 is provided with a pressure maintaining controllable switch 83. When no high pressure gas is introduced into the combustion chamber 87, the pressure maintaining controllable switch 83 can continuously seal the combustion chamber 87, so as to avoid backflow when the water pressure is greater than the pressure in the combustion chamber 87. When the combustion chamber 87 is filled with high pressure gas, the pressure maintaining controllable switch 83 can be remotely controlled to open, so as to provide ignition conditions for the preheating flame. The pressure maintaining controllable switch 83 can also avoid backflow of water pressure when cutting is completed.

[0030] The atomizing nozzle 84 in the embodiment of the present application is a plurality of atomizing nozzles 84, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the partition plate. By arranging a plurality of atomizing nozzles 84, a certain proportion of fuel and oxidant can be uniformly sprayed into the combustion chamber 87, so as to achieve the purpose of forming a detonation wave.

[0031] The igniter 81 in the embodiment of the present application is a plurality of igniters 81, which are arranged on the cavity wall of the lance body 8. By arranging a plurality of igniters 81, it can be ensured that the ignition is successful at one time.

[0032] Preferably, the present application further provides an underwater metal component cutting device, which comprises the underwater metal component cutting lance described above.

[0033] The underwater metal component cutting device comprises a fuel and oxidant heating device 3, which is provided with a fuel heating inlet, an oxidant heating inlet, a fuel heating outlet and an oxidant heating outlet. The fuel heating inlet is connected with the fuel supply bin 2, the oxidant heating inlet is connected with the oxidant supply bin 1, and the fuel heating outlet and the oxidant heating outlet are respectively connected with corresponding pipelines of the preheating pipeline 88.

[0034] The fuel and oxidant heating device 3 can heat the fuel and the oxidant, and then deliver the fuel and the oxidant to the combustion chamber 87 through the preheating pipeline 88, so as to ignite and form a preheating flame.

[0035] Further, the underwater metal component cutting device comprises a fuel and oxidant mixing device 4 and a pressurizing device 5. The fuel and oxidant mixing device 4 comprises a first mixing inlet, a second mixing inlet and a mixing outlet. The first mixing inlet is connected with the oxidant supply bin 1, the second mixing inlet is connected with the fuel supply bin 2, and the mixing outlet is connected with the inlet of the pressurizing device 5. The outlet of the pressurizing device 5 is connected with the injection cavity 86.

[0036] The fuel and oxidant mixing device 4 can realize the mixing operation of the fuel and the oxidant, and the pressurizing device 5 can pressurize the mixed fuel and oxidant. The pressurized fuel and oxidant are delivered to the injection cavity 86, and then enter the combustion chamber 87 through the atomizing nozzle 84, so as to form a detonation wave and a high-energy flame.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application ignites the oxidant and fuel delivered by the preheating pipeline 88 to form a preheating flame, preheats and melts the steel plate to be cut by the preheating flame, and then delivers the oxidant and fuel with a set proportion in a mixed state to the injection chamber 86. The mixed oxidant and fuel in the injection chamber 86 enters the combustion chamber 87 through the atomizing nozzle 84 to perform detonation combustion and form a detonation wave. During the melting cutting, the high-energy detonation wave generated by the combustion blows away the melted metal and formed oxides from the cut metal plate in time, so that the cutting process is smoother. Because the high-energy detonation wave and the ejected gas flow jointly act, the ability to cut the metal plate thickness is improved, the penetration time of the steel plate during the cutting process is reduced, and the cutting efficiency is greatly improved.

[0038] After the cutting of the steel plate to be cut is completed, the supply of the fuel is cut off, the oxidant is continuously supplied to maintain the pressure inside the cutting torch, and the water pressure is prevented from flowing backward. At this time, the pressure maintaining controllable switch 83 is closed, and the whole working process is completed. This process does not appear to be tempered, so that the whole flame cutting equipment is more safe and reliable.

[0039] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An underwater metal member cutting apparatus comprising an underwater metal member cutting lance, characterized by, The underwater metal member cutting device comprises: a fuel and oxidant heating device (3) provided with a fuel heating inlet, an oxidant heating inlet, a fuel heating outlet and an oxidant heating outlet, the fuel heating inlet being connected with the fuel supply bin (2), the oxidant heating inlet being connected with the oxidant supply bin (1), the fuel heating outlet and the oxidant heating outlet being respectively connected with corresponding pipelines of the supply preheating pipeline (88); a fuel and oxidant mixing device (4) and a pressurizing device (5), the fuel and oxidant mixing device (4) comprising a first mixing inlet, a second mixing inlet and a mixing outlet, the first mixing inlet being connected with the oxidant supply bin (1), the second mixing inlet being connected with the fuel supply bin (2), the mixing outlet being connected with the inlet of the pressurizing device (5), the outlet of the pressurizing device (5) being connected with the injection cavity (86); the underwater metal member cutting torch comprises: a torch body (8) provided with an inner cavity, the inner cavity being provided with a partition plate (85), the partition plate (85) dividing the inner cavity into an injection cavity (86) and a combustion cavity (87), the partition plate (85) being provided with an atomizing nozzle (84), the injection cavity (86) being in communication with the combustion cavity (87) through the atomizing nozzle (84), and the injection cavity (86) being in communication with the external fuel and oxidant mixing device (4); the torch body (8) further comprises a jet nozzle (82), the jet nozzle (82) being arranged at one end of the combustion cavity (87) away from the injection cavity (86), the jet nozzle (82) being made of tungsten-copper alloy material, an axial through hole being arranged in the jet nozzle (82), the axial through hole having a tapered section and a constant-diameter section, a small-diameter end of the tapered section being connected with the constant-diameter section, a large-diameter end of the tapered section facing the inside of the combustion cavity (87), and a pressure-maintaining controllable switch (83) being arranged at the outlet of the jet nozzle (82); a supply preheating pipeline (88), an inlet of the supply preheating pipeline (88) being connected with the fuel and oxidant heating device (3) outside the torch body (8), an outlet of the supply preheating pipeline (88) penetrating through the injection cavity (86) and being arranged in the combustion cavity (87), and the outlet of the supply preheating pipeline (88) being located at the inlet of the jet nozzle (82) and corresponding to the inlet position of the constant-diameter section; an igniter (81) arranged on the cavity wall of the torch body (8) and connected with the combustion cavity (87).

2. The underwater metal member cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The atomizing nozzles (84) are multiple and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the partition plate (85).

3. The underwater metal member cutting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by, The igniters (81) are multiple and arranged at intervals on the cavity wall of the torch body (8).

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