Control rod and horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor

Abstract

This invention discloses a control rod and a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor including the control rod. The control rod includes a front section, a rear section, and a connecting section, which detachably connects the front and rear sections into a single unit. The surface layer of the front section is made of a metal material, and the surface layer of the rear section is made of a ceramic-like material. The control rod is divided into two interconnected sections, with the front and rear ends made of different materials, thereby meeting the requirements of different working environments for material toughness and high-temperature resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of nuclear industry technology, specifically relating to a control rod and a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor including the control rod. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) are a type of nuclear reactor, an advanced reactor developed from early and improved gas-cooled reactors, such as the thorium high-temperature gas-cooled reactor demonstration plant (THTR-300) in Germany. With increasing emphasis on nuclear power plant safety, commercial HTGR power plants are shifting from large-scale development to the development of modular HTGRs with inherent passive safety features.

[0003] In high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, control rods face high temperatures throughout their lifespan, especially in the channels near the coolant outlet, where temperatures can reach 1000°C or even higher. For horizontal reactors, transversely inserted control rods are preferable. The connection point with the drive mechanism requires control rods with high-temperature resistance and good toughness to ensure effective support under impacts such as earthquakes. Furthermore, the control rod ends inserted into the core need even better high-temperature resistance to withstand 1000°C or higher temperatures, while also possessing high mechanical strength. However, existing control rods all employ a one-piece all-metal structure, and the metal structural materials used cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of higher high-temperature resistance and mechanical strength at the core insertion end of the control rod, as well as good toughness at the connection point with the drive mechanism.

[0004] In addition, due to the transverse arrangement of the control rods, the core block is prone to axial misalignment, causing reactive control deviation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a control rod and a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor including the control rod. The control rod is divided into two sections connected to each other, and the two sections are made of different materials, thereby meeting the requirements of different working environments for the toughness and high-temperature resistance of the materials.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A control rod includes a front section, a rear section, and a connecting section, the connecting section detachably connecting the front section and the rear section into one piece, the surface layer of the front section being made of a metal material, and the surface layer of the rear section being made of a ceramic material.

[0008] Preferably, the front section includes a first shell and a drive mechanism connector, the first shell being connected to the drive mechanism connector, and the first shell and the drive mechanism connector being made of nickel-gold alloy material; the rear section includes a second shell and an end cap, the second shell being connected to the end cap, and the second shell and the end cap being made of graphite and SiC composite material.

[0009] Preferably, the front section further includes a first absorbent core block and a first clamping block, both of which are disposed inside the first casing. The first clamping block is located between the first absorbent core block and the drive mechanism connector, and is used to clamp the first absorbent core block. The rear section further includes a second absorbent core block and a second clamping block, both of which are disposed inside the second casing. The second clamping block is located between the second absorbent core block and the end head, and is used to clamp the second absorbent core block.

[0010] Preferably, both the first absorber core and the second absorber core are made of B4C material, and the first clamping block and the second clamping block are made of high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy material.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting section includes a structure and a hook assembly. The front end of the structure is provided with a front welding positioning platform, and the structure is fixedly connected to the first shell through the front welding positioning platform. The rear end of the structure is an open end. The structure is a shell structure with an inner cavity. An annular boss is provided on the wall of the inner cavity, and the annular boss divides the inner cavity into a first slot and a second slot. The second slot is located inside the first slot. The middle part of the annular boss is the hook inlet. The hook assembly includes a hook block. One end of the hook block is provided with a rear welding positioning platform, and the hook block is fixedly connected to the second shell through the rear welding positioning platform. The other end of the hook block is provided with a hook. The two ends of the hook protrude radially outward to form overlapping portions. The hook passes through the first slot and the hook inlet in sequence and enters the second slot. By rotating the hook block, the overlapping portions of the hook can overlap on the annular boss. The other part of the hook block is located in the first slot, and the hook block is fixedly connected to the structure.

[0012] Preferably, the shell structure of the structure has a first connecting pin hole, and the hook block has a second connecting pin hole at a position corresponding to the structure. The first connecting pin hole and the second connecting pin hole are interconnected. The structure and the hook block are connected by sequentially inserting connecting pins into the first connecting pin hole and the second connecting pin hole. The connecting section also includes an absorption component, which includes an absorption block. The shell structure of the structure also has an absorption cavity, one end of which is connected to the first connecting pin hole and the other end extends to the end face of the structure. The absorption block is disposed in the absorption cavity.

[0013] Preferably, there are multiple absorption cavities, which are distributed around the center of the structure on the same circumference, and each absorption cavity is fan-shaped.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting section further includes a positioning component, which includes a positioning groove disposed on the inner wall of the first slot and a positioning key disposed on the outer wall of the hook block. Multiple positioning grooves and positioning keys are provided, and the number of both is the same. The positioning keys are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the first slot and the circumference of the outer wall of the hook block, respectively. When the positioning key and the positioning groove are engaged with each other, the overlapping part of the hook block just overlaps with the annular boss.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting pin includes a first segment and a second segment, which are riveted together by a through pin. The first segment of the connecting pin can be inserted into the first connecting pin hole and the second connecting pin hole. After the first segment is inserted, the second segment can rotate downward along the connection point of the first segment and the second segment under the action of gravity until it is perpendicular to the first segment, thereby abutting against the second absorbent core block.

[0016] Preferably, the structure in the connecting section is made of nickel alloy, and the claw block is made of a composite material of graphite and SiC.

[0017] Preferably, the drive mechanism connector and the end cap are respectively provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole communicating with the outside.

[0018] The present invention also provides a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including a horizontal reactor core and the control rods described above, wherein the control rods are arranged laterally in the horizontal reactor core.

[0019] The control rod in this invention adopts a two-section structure, with the front and rear sections detachably connected as a single unit via a connecting joint. The front section is made of a metal material, while the rear section is made of a ceramic material. The front section, which connects to the drive mechanism connector, possesses high toughness, while the rear section exhibits superior high-temperature resistance, thus giving the control rod as a whole higher high-temperature performance. This design also avoids the welding problems associated with dissimilar materials and considers the compression of the core block to prevent axial misalignment and thus reactive control deviations. For the connecting section, an absorber core block is still arranged to prevent reactive control deviations caused by the absence of an absorber core block in the connecting section. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the control rod in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting section in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting section in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The left view;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of surface AA;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hook block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The right view;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the parallel positions of the first and second segments of the connecting pin in Embodiment 1.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the perpendicular positions of the first and second segments of the connecting pin in Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the force exerted by the first clamping block in Embodiment 1.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the force exerted by the second clamping block in Embodiment 1.

[0031] In the figure: 1-Drive mechanism connector, 2-First clamping block, 3-First shell, 4-First absorbent core block, 5-Connecting section, 51-Structure, 52-Claw block, 53-Absorbent block, 54-Connecting pin, 511-First connecting pin hole, 512-Absorbent cavity, 514-Positioning groove, 515-Annular boss, 516-Front welding positioning table, 517-First hole groove, 518-Second hole groove, 519-Claw inlet, 521-Positioning key, 522-Rear welding positioning table, 523-Second connecting pin hole, 524-Claw, 6-Second shell, 7-Second absorbent core block, 8-Second clamping block, 9-End end. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without creative effort are within the scope of the invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "above" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience and simplification of the description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0034] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "setting," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The present invention provides a control rod, the control rod including a front section, a rear section and a connecting section, the connecting section detachably connecting the front section and the rear section into one piece, the surface layer of the front section is made of a metal material and the surface layer of the rear section is made of a ceramic material.

[0037] The present invention also provides a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including a horizontal reactor core and the control rods described above, wherein the control rods are arranged laterally in the horizontal reactor core.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses a control rod that can be used in a horizontal reactor core. The control rod is a cylindrical structure, which includes a front section, a rear section, and a connecting section 5. The front section and the rear section are of similar length, and the connecting section 5 detachably connects the front section and the rear section into one piece. The surface layer of the front section is made of metal material, and the surface layer of the rear section is made of ceramic material.

[0040] In this embodiment, the control rod is inserted into the reactor core to control its reactivity. The rear section of the control rod needs to be inserted into the interior of the reactor core. Since the temperature inside the reactor core is much higher, approximately 1000°C, using a ceramic material for the rear section of the control rod can effectively increase its high-temperature resistance. The ambient temperature of the front section of the control rod, which is connected to the drive mechanism connector 1, is not as high as that of the rear section. Therefore, the front section should preferably be made of a highly resilient metallic material to provide effective support for the control rod when facing impact loads such as earthquakes.

[0041] In this embodiment, the front section includes a first casing 3 and a drive mechanism connector 1. The front end of the first casing 3 is connected to the drive mechanism connector 1. Both the first casing 3 and the drive mechanism connector 1 are made of nickel-gold alloy to ensure good toughness, and they are connected by welding. The rear section includes a second casing 6 and an end cap 9. The second casing 6 and the end cap 9 are connected, wherein the rear end of the second casing 6 is open, and the end cap 9 seals the rear opening of the second casing 6. The second casing 6 and the end cap 9 are made of a graphite and SiC composite material to ensure good high-temperature resistance. The end cap 9 is connected to the second casing 6 by welding.

[0042] In this embodiment, the front section further includes a first absorbent core block 4 and a first clamping block 2. The first absorbent core block 4 and the first clamping block 2 are both disposed inside the first shell 3. The first clamping block 2 is located between the first absorbent core block 4 and the drive mechanism connector 1, and is used to clamp the first absorbent core block 4. The rear section further includes a second absorbent core block 7 and a second clamping block 8. The second absorbent core block 7 and the second clamping block 8 are both disposed inside the second shell 6. The second clamping block 8 is located between the second absorbent core block 7 and the end head 9, and is used to clamp the second absorbent core block 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inner side of the drive mechanism connector 1 is provided with a frustum hole, and one end of the first pressing block 2 is a frustum surface. The frustum hole of the drive mechanism connector 1 and the frustum surface of the first pressing block 2 cooperate with each other, so that the first absorbent core block 4 is pressed by the gravity of the first pressing block 2.

[0044] Similarly, the inner side of the end head 9 is provided with a frustum hole, and one end of the second pressing block 8 is a frustum surface. The frustum hole of the end head 9 and the frustum surface of the second pressing block 8 cooperate with each other, so that the second absorbent core block 7 is pressed by the gravity of the second pressing block 8.

[0045] Both the first absorber core 4 and the second absorber core 7 are cylindrical in shape, and their outer diameters are smaller than the inner diameters of the first shell 3 and the second shell 6, respectively.

[0046] In this embodiment, both the first absorber core 4 and the second absorber core 7 are made of B4C material. The first absorber core 4 and the second absorber core 7 can be made of B4C with the same abundance. Alternatively, the first absorber core 4 can be made of high-abundance B4C, and the second absorber core 7 can be made of low-abundance B4C. The first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 8 are made of high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy material.

[0047] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting section 5 includes a structure 51 and a hook assembly. The front end of the structure 51 is provided with a front welding positioning platform 516. The outer circumference of the front welding positioning platform 516 protrudes upward to form a first protrusion, and the inner circumference of the first shell 3 protrudes upward to form a second protrusion. The first shell 3 tube is fixedly connected to the structure 51 through the front welding positioning platform 516, and the first protrusion overlaps the outer circumference of the second protrusion. The second protrusion is connected to the end face of the front welding positioning platform 516 and presses the absorbent block 53 in the absorbent cavity 512.

[0048] In this embodiment, the structure 51 is made of the same nickel-gold alloy as the first shell 3. The rear end of the structure 51 is an open end. The structure 51 is a shell structure with an inner cavity. The inner cavity is circular, and the central axis of the inner cavity coincides with the central axis of the structure 51. The inner cavity extends inward along the open end of the rear end of the structure 51, but does not penetrate the structure 51. An annular boss 515 is provided on the inner cavity wall. The annular boss 515 divides the inner cavity into a first slot 517 and a second slot 518. The second slot 518 is located inside the first slot 517. The length of the first slot 517 is greater than the length of the second slot 518, and the length of the second slot 518 is only greater than the width of the hook 524.

[0049] like Figure 4 , 6As shown in Figure 7, the middle part of the annular boss 515 is the claw inlet 519. The claw assembly includes a claw block 52. The claw block 52 is made of the same graphite and SiC composite material as the second shell 6. One end of the claw block 52 is provided with a rear welding positioning table 522. The shape of the rear welding positioning table 522 is an annular groove opened on the outer periphery. The claw block 52 is fixedly connected to the second shell 6 tube through the rear welding positioning table 522. The end of the outer wall of the second shell 6 is connected to the rear welding positioning table 522. The other end of the hook block 52 is provided with a hook 524. The two ends of the hook 524 protrude radially outward to form an overlapping part. Specifically, the hook 524 is a cuboid, which is connected to the hook block 52 body through a section of cylinder with a smaller diameter. The hook 524 passes through the first slot 517 and the hook inlet 519 in sequence and enters the second slot 518. The annular boss 515 is provided in two pieces, which are respectively set opposite to each other on the inner wall of the inner cavity, and the hook inlet 519 is formed between the two. The center of the hook inlet 519 is circular. The hook entry 519 also includes a rectangle that matches the shape of the hook 524. The rectangle passes through the center of the circle to form the hook entry 519. When the hook 524 is inserted, the hook 524 is aligned with the hook entry 519, so that the hook 524 is placed into the second slot 518. Then, by rotating the hook block 52, the overlapping part of the hook 524 can overlap on the annular boss 515. At this time, the other part of the hook block 52 is located in the first slot 517, and the hook block 52 is fixedly connected to the structure 51.

[0050] In this embodiment, the shell structure of the structure 51 is provided with a first connecting pin hole 511, and the hook block 52 is provided with a second connecting pin hole 523 at the position corresponding to the structure 51. Specifically, there are four first connecting pin holes 511 and four second connecting pin holes 523. Each first connecting pin hole 511 and each second connecting pin hole 523 are corresponding to and connected to each other in position. The diameters of the first connecting pin holes 511 and the second connecting pin holes 523 are the same, and the length of the second connecting pin hole 523 is longer than the length of the first connecting pin hole 511. The first connecting pin holes 511 and the second connecting pin holes 523 are connected to each other. By inserting the connecting pin 54 into the first connecting pin hole 511 and the second connecting pin hole 523 in sequence, the structure 51 and the hook block 52 are connected.

[0051] In this embodiment, the connecting section 5 further includes an absorption component, which includes an absorption block 53. The shell structure of the structure 51 also has an absorption cavity 512, one end of which is connected to the first connecting pin hole 511, and the other end extends to the end face of the structure 51. The diameter of the absorption cavity 512 is larger than the diameter of the first connecting pin hole 511. The absorption block 53 is a structure adapted to the shape of the absorption cavity 512, and the absorption block 53 is disposed inside the absorption cavity 512.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of absorption cavities 512 is further multiplied. Specifically, there are four absorption cavities 512, which are distributed on the same circumference around the center of the structure 51. The spacing between two adjacent absorption cavities 512 is the same. From the overall structure of the structure 51, the absorption cavities 512 are arranged along the length of the structure 51 and are located between the outer wall of the structure 51 and the inner wall of the inner cavity. Each absorption cavity 512 is fan-shaped. Correspondingly, there are four absorption blocks 53, and each absorption block 53 is a fan-shaped structure that matches the shape of the absorption cavity 512.

[0053] In this embodiment, the connecting section 5 further includes a positioning component. The positioning component includes a positioning groove 514 disposed on the inner wall of the first slot 517 and a positioning key 521 disposed on the outer wall of the hook block 52. There are three positioning grooves 514 and three positioning keys 521. The three positioning keys 521 and the positioning grooves 514 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the first slot 517 and the outer wall of the hook block 52. When the hook 524 extends into the second slot 518 and rotates, until the positioning key 521 and the positioning groove 514 engage with each other, the overlapping part of the hook 524 just overlaps on the annular boss 515. At this time, the positioning of the hook 524 is completed.

[0054] like Figure 8 , 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the connecting pin 54 is a two-section type, which includes a first section and a second section, and the length of the first section is longer than the length of the second section. The first section and the second section are riveted together by a through pin. The first section of the connecting pin 54 can be inserted into the first connecting pin hole 511 and the second connecting pin hole 523. When inserted, the first section and the second section are kept in a straight line. After the first section is inserted (the second section extends out from the end of the second connecting pin hole 523), the second section can rotate downward along the connection point (through pin) of the first section and the second section to be perpendicular to the first section under the action of gravity. Thus, one side of the second section abuts against the second absorbent core block 7, thereby realizing the one-sided fixation of the connecting pin 54. The other end of the connecting pin 54 is pressed by the absorbent block 53.

[0055] like Figure 10 , 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism connector 1 and the end head 9 are respectively provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole that communicate with the outside, which are used to balance the pressure difference inside and outside the control rod.

[0056] The assembly process of the control rod in this embodiment is as follows:

[0057] When assembling the control rod, first assemble the connecting section 5, clamp and fix the structure 51 horizontally, align the hook 524 of the hook block 52 with the hook inlet 519 and insert it, then rotate the hook block 52 until the positioning key 521 engages with the positioning groove 514. At this time, the hook 524 has hooked the annular boss 515, so that the structure 51 and the hook 524 are axially fixed.

[0058] Simultaneously, the first connecting pin hole 511 on the structure 51 is aligned with the second connecting pin hole 523 on the hook block 52. At this point, the connecting pin 54 is to be inserted from the end of the first connecting pin hole 511. Before insertion, the connecting section 5 should be adjusted to a vertical clamping position, keeping the structure 51 on top. Then, the connecting pin 54 is inserted, and should be positioned as follows: Figure 8 After the connecting pin 54 has completely passed through the first connecting pin hole 511 and the second connecting pin hole 523, the clamping direction of the connecting section 5 is changed to horizontal. At this time, the second section of the connecting pin 54 becomes under the action of gravity. Figure 9 In the state of (rotating downwards along the pin until perpendicular to the first segment), thereby hooking one end into the second connecting pin hole 523;

[0059] Then, the second casing 6 of the rear control rod is aligned with the rear welding positioning table 522 of the hook block 52 and circumferentially welded. Then, the second absorber core block 7 is filled in to press the second section of the connecting pin 54 so that it hooks the second connecting pin hole 523.

[0060] Then, the second clamping block 8 is first inserted into the second shell 6, and then the end end 9 is welded to the second shell 6 to seal the rear control rod and complete the assembly of this part.

[0061] Next, the remaining connecting section 5 and the front control rod are assembled. The absorber block 53 is inserted into the absorber cavity 512, with one end of the absorber block 53 abutting against the end of the first section of the connecting pin 54. Then, the first shell 3 is aligned with the front welding positioning table 516 of the structure 51 and circumferentially welded. At this point, the connecting section 5 is assembled. Next, the first absorber core block 4 is inserted into the first shell 3, followed by the first clamping block 2. Then, the drive mechanism connector 1 is welded to the first shell 3, sealing the front control rod. At this point, the entire assembly process of the control rod is complete.

[0062] In this embodiment, the structure of the first clamping block 2 and the second clamping block 8 of the front and rear control rods is as follows: Figure 10 , 11 As shown, where, Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the front control rod. The control rod is arranged laterally, and the clamping block experiences two directional force components under gravity, as shown below. Figure 10As shown, the horizontal component of the force acts to compress the first absorber core 4. Furthermore, the first absorber core 4 will generate gas during its lifespan, and the first vent on the drive mechanism connector 1 can balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the first casing 3. Figure 11 This is a partial structural diagram of the second clamping block 8 of the rear control rod. Its clamping effect on the second absorber core block 7 is similar to that described above, and will not be repeated here. The second vent on the end cap 9 can balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the second casing 6.

[0063] In actual deployment, the direction from the drive mechanism connector 1 to the end 9 is the direction in which the control rod is inserted into the reactor core. Therefore, the temperature of the rear control rod should be higher than that of the front control rod. Thus, in this embodiment, the front control rod is made of a high-temperature resistant metal material with high toughness. For the drive mechanism connector 1, which is always connected to the drive mechanism, and the first cladding 3, which may have support, collisions with support points are possible under conditions of earthquakes or transportation. In such situations, the high toughness ensures that these parts maintain structural integrity. For the rear control rod, a ceramic material is used. Under normal reactor operation and emergency insertion conditions, this part faces high temperatures. The high strength of the ceramic material prevents melting and excessive deformation, thus ensuring the structural integrity of the entire rod and guaranteeing the normal reactivity control function of the control rod.

[0064] During actual reactor operation, under normal operating conditions, the control rods are partially inserted, and the second absorber pellet 7 is located in the active core region. Made of low-abundance B4C material, it ensures high precision in core reactivity control. Under shutdown conditions, the control rods are fully inserted, and the first absorber pellet 4 also enters the active core region. Made of high-abundance B4C material, it ensures a greater shutdown depth and guarantees core shutdown safety.

[0065] Furthermore, the design of the connecting section 5 in this embodiment avoids the welding problems of dissimilar materials, which is beneficial to the manufacturing and operation of the control rod. At the same time, an absorber core block is arranged in this section to prevent reactive control deviations caused by the absence of absorber core blocks in the connecting section.

[0066] In this embodiment, the control rod employs a two-section design: a metal section at the front and a ceramic section at the rear. This design ensures high toughness in the front section (including the connection point with the drive mechanism) while providing superior high-temperature resistance in the rear section. It also avoids the welding issues associated with dissimilar materials and considers the compaction of the core block to prevent axial misalignment and thus reactivity control deviations. The connection section still incorporates absorber core blocks to prevent reactivity control deviations caused by missing absorber core blocks. Overall, compared to traditional control rods, this design offers higher high-temperature resistance, a simple structure, strong adaptability, and ease of processing, installation, and replacement. It is suitable for various existing horizontal reactors, especially horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactors.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment discloses a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including a horizontal reactor core and control rods as described in Embodiment 1, wherein the control rods are arranged laterally in the horizontal reactor core.

[0069] In this embodiment, the direction from the drive mechanism connector 1 to the end 9 is the direction in which the control rod is inserted into the reactor core. Therefore, the operating environment temperature of the rear control rod is higher than that of the front control rod. Under normal operating conditions, the average temperature of the environment where the control rod is located in a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor can reach 700°C, and under accident conditions, the temperature of the environment where the control rod is located can reach over 1000°C.

[0070] Therefore, the control rod in this embodiment is divided into a two-section structure, with the front section made of metal and the rear section made of ceramic. Specifically, the front section is made of a nickel-based alloy that can withstand continuous high temperatures, and the rear section is made of graphite and SiC composite material.

[0071] In this embodiment, the control rod employs a two-section design, with the front section made of metal and the rear section made of ceramic. This design ensures high toughness in the front section (including the connection point with the drive mechanism) while providing superior high-temperature resistance in the rear section. This results in better safety and controllability for the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0072] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control rod, characterized in that, The control rod includes a front section, a rear section, and a connecting section (5), wherein the connecting section (5) detachably connects the front section and the rear section into one unit. The surface layer of the front section is made of metal, and the surface layer of the rear section is made of ceramic. The front section includes a first casing (3) and a drive mechanism connector (1). The first casing (3) is connected to the drive mechanism connector (1). Both the first casing (3) and the drive mechanism connector (1) are made of nickel-gold alloy. The rear section includes a second shell (6) and an end head (9), the second shell (6) being connected to the end head (9), and the second shell (6) and the end head (9) being made of a composite material of graphite and SiC; The front section also includes a first absorbent core block (4) and a first clamping block (2), both of which are located inside the first casing (3). The first pressing block (2) is located between the first absorbent core block (4) and the drive mechanism connector (1) and is used to press the first absorbent core block (4). The rear section also includes a second absorbent core block (7) and a second clamping block (8), both of which are located inside the second casing (6). The second clamping block (8) is located between the second absorbent core block (7) and the end end (9) and is used to clamp the second absorbent core block (7).

2. The control rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first absorber core block (4) and the second absorber core block (7) are both made of B4C material, and the first clamping block (2) and the second clamping block (8) are made of high-temperature resistant nickel-based alloy material.

3. The control rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting section (5) includes a structure (51) and a hook assembly. The front end of the structure (51) is provided with a front welding positioning platform (516). The structure (51) is fixedly connected to the first shell (3) through the front welding positioning platform (516). The rear end of the structure (51) is an open end. The structure (51) is a shell structure with an inner cavity. The wall of the inner cavity is provided with an annular boss (515). The annular boss (515) divides the inner cavity into a first slot (517) and a second slot (518). The second slot (518) is located inside the first slot (517). The middle part of the annular boss (515) is a claw inlet (519). The hook assembly includes a hook block (52), one end of which is provided with a rear welding positioning table (522). The hook block (52) is fixedly connected to the second shell (6) through the rear welding positioning table (522). The other end of the hook block (52) is provided with a hook (524). The two ends of the hook (524) protrude radially outward to form overlapping portions. The hook (524) passes through the first slot (517) and the hook inlet (519) in sequence and enters the second slot (518). By rotating the hook block (52), the overlapping portion of the hook (524) can overlap on the annular boss (515). The other part of the hook block (52) is located in the first slot (517). The hook block (52) is fixedly connected to the structure (51).

4. The control rod according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shell structure of the structure (51) has a first connecting pin hole (511), and the hook block (52) has a second connecting pin hole (523) at a position corresponding to the structure (51). The first connecting pin hole (511) and the second connecting pin hole (523) are interconnected. By inserting the connecting pin (54) into the first connecting pin hole (511) and the second connecting pin hole (523) in sequence, the structure (51) and the hook block (52) are connected. The connecting section (5) also includes an absorption component, which includes an absorption block (53). The shell structure of the structure (51) is further provided with an absorption cavity (512), one end of which is connected to the first connecting pin hole (511), and the other end extends to the end face of the structure (51). The absorber block (53) is disposed inside the absorber cavity (512).

5. The control rod according to claim 4, characterized in that, The number of absorption cavities (512) is multiple, and the multiple absorption cavities (512) are distributed on the same circumference around the center of the structure (51), and each absorption cavity (512) is fan-shaped.

6. The control rod according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting section (5) further includes a positioning component, which includes a positioning groove (514) disposed on the inner wall of the first slot (517) and a positioning key (521) disposed on the outer wall of the claw block (52). The positioning groove (514) and the positioning key (521) are provided in multiple quantities, and the number of them is the same. The positioning key (521) and the positioning key (524) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the first hole groove (517) and the circumference of the outer wall of the claw block (52). When the positioning key (521) and the positioning groove (514) are engaged with each other, the overlapping part of the claw (524) is exactly engaged on the annular boss (515).

7. The control rod according to claim 4, characterized in that, The connecting pin (54) includes a first segment and a second segment, which are riveted together by a through pin. The first segment of the connecting pin (54) can be inserted into the first connecting pin hole (511) and the second connecting pin hole (523). After the first segment is inserted, the second segment can rotate downward along the connection point of the first segment and the second segment under the action of gravity until it is perpendicular to the first segment, thereby abutting against the second absorbent core block (7).

8. The control rod according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The structure (51) in the connecting section (5) is made of nickel alloy, and the claw block (52) is made of a composite material of graphite and SiC.

9. The control rod according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The drive mechanism connector (1) and the end cap (9) are respectively provided with a first vent hole and a second vent hole that communicate with the outside.

10. A horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising a horizontal reactor core, characterized in that, It also includes the control rod according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the control rod is arranged laterally in the horizontal core.

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