Dual-frequency co-boresight composite antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of dual-frequency common aperture composite antennas, belong to antenna technical field, solve the problem of low radiation efficiency, narrow bandwidth, large volume in prior art composite antenna.The dual-frequency common aperture composite antenna provided by the present application includes X-band metal dipole antenna and Ka-band waveguide slot antenna, the X-band metal dipole antenna and Ka-band waveguide slot antenna are stacked in order from top to bottom, the wavelength ratio of the X-band metal dipole antenna and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna is 1:4.The dual-frequency common aperture composite antenna of the present application adopts common aperture composite form, greatly saves design space, realizes dual-frequency composite, has the characteristics of wideband, dual-frequency, high radiation efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of antenna, in particular to a dual-frequency common-aperture composite antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] After the war enters the electronic countermeasure era, the radar technology develops rapidly. Improving the anti-jamming capability and detection capability of radar becomes the top priority of radar technology development.

[0003] At present, the main problems faced in the air defense and anti-missile live combat exercise are: first, the technical equipment means for simulating the guidance system of the opponent's multiple anti-ship missile terminal guidance system, frequency, waveform, search, tracking, anti-jamming and other working modes and signal characteristics are still relatively lacking, and the realism of the signal environment needs to be improved urgently; second, the seeker is mainly set up on a low-speed platform such as a landing ship to simulate the attack of an anti-ship missile, which cannot reflect the high dynamic, suddenness and urgency of the air defense and anti-missile combat process, and cannot reflect the rapid changes of the terminal countermeasure details.

[0004] Therefore, in order to carry out the air defense and anti-missile live combat exercise of the surface ship close to the actual combat environment, the main requirements for the target background and signal environment include: focusing on the technical and tactical performance of the seeker for the typical anti-ship missile weapons of the potential object; simulating the real characteristics of the rapid changes of the terminal jamming countermeasure process for the anti-ship missile flying at high speed and skimming over the sea; simulating the complex situation of single-direction or multi-direction attack of multiple anti-ship missiles, and constructing the scene of facing continuous incoming multi-targets in air defense and anti-missile; being suitable for loading different platforms, especially for the air platform flying at high speed and skimming over the sea, and being reusable, having high reliability, strong adaptability and low cost; having the functions of real-time recording and transmission of data, being able to evaluate the research and training process of air defense and anti-missile in real time, and reproducing the dynamic countermeasure process through the fine analysis of the recorded data afterwards.

[0005] Based on the above requirements, it is necessary to construct and develop an anti-missile countermeasure environment task device, namely an anti-missile countermeasure environment seeker simulation system, hereinafter referred to as a seeker simulation system. The system takes a high-speed unmanned aerial vehicle as a flight platform, simulates the important characteristics and attack situation of multiple anti-ship missiles such as skimming over the sea, high-speed maneuvering, search and tracking, anti-jamming, etc., and provides a training environment close to actual combat for the air defense and anti-missile countermeasure exercise of the surface ship. At the same time, the system can also be set up on the surface ship to simulate the signal environment of the single-direction or multi-direction of multiple anti-ship missile seekers.

[0006] However, the X / Ka composite antenna currently under research is mainly composed of array elements and microstrip, microstrip and waveguide, which is limited by the form of the antenna, has low radiation efficiency, narrow bandwidth and large volume, and is difficult to meet the requirements of multiple scenes, multiple tasks and miniaturization. Therefore, it is urgent to find an antenna form with wideband characteristics, high radiation efficiency and high space utilization. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the above analysis, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a dual-frequency common-aperture composite antenna to solve the problems of low radiation efficiency, narrow bandwidth and large volume of the existing composite antenna.

[0008] The present application provides a dual-frequency common-aperture composite antenna, comprising an X-band metal dipole antenna and a Ka-band waveguide slot antenna, the X-band metal dipole antenna and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna are stacked in order from top to bottom, and the wavelength ratio of the X-band metal dipole antenna to the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna is 1:4.

[0009] Further, the X-band metal dipole antenna comprises a metal dipole, the metal dipole comprises a first metal arm, a metal cylinder and a metal inner core, the first metal arm is vertically arranged on one side of the metal cylinder, and the metal inner core is arranged in the metal cylinder.

[0010] Further, the metal dipole further comprises a coaxial line, the coaxial line is arranged in the metal inner core, and the upper end of the coaxial line is connected with the first metal arm.

[0011] Further, the X-band metal dipole antenna further comprises a printed board feed network, the metal dipole is located above the printed board feed network, and the printed feed network comprises an upper layer ground plate, an upper dielectric substrate, a prepreg, a lower dielectric substrate and a lower layer ground plate connected in order from top to bottom.

[0012] Further, the upper layer ground plate is provided with a plurality of second radiation slots, and a plurality of the second radiation slots form multiple rows and multiple columns on the upper layer ground plate; the lower layer ground plate is provided with a plurality of third radiation slots, and a plurality of the third radiation slots form multiple rows and multiple columns on the lower layer ground plate.

[0013] Further, the upper dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fourth radiation slots, and a plurality of the fourth radiation slots form multiple rows and multiple columns on the upper dielectric substrate; the lower dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fifth radiation slots, and a plurality of the fifth radiation slots form multiple rows and multiple columns on the lower dielectric substrate.

[0014] Further, the prepreg is provided with a plurality of sixth radiation slots, and a plurality of the sixth radiation slots form multiple rows and multiple columns on the prepreg, and the second radiation slots, the third radiation slots, the fourth radiation slots, the fifth radiation slots and the sixth radiation slots are aligned vertically.

[0015] Further, the printed feed network further comprises a feed point pad and a strip line, the feed point pad is connected with the lower end of the coaxial line, and the strip line is located between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate and is connected with the feed point pad.

[0016] Further, the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna comprises a radiation slot layer, a power divider layer and a transition feed layer, and the power divider layer is located between the radiation slot layer and the transition feed layer.

[0017] Further, the radiation slot layer, the power divider layer and the transition feed layer are connected together by vacuum brazing.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The traditional dual-frequency composite antenna generally adopts a multi-resonant unit to realize, and mainly uses a microstrip antenna, and the radiation efficiency is low, and in the Ka band, the radiation efficiency is only about 30%, and the present application has a radiation efficiency of more than 50% in the Ka band, which greatly improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0020] (2) The X-band metal dipole antenna is arranged above the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna, and is located in the middle of the top of the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna, and the two frequency band antennas are combined together, which improves the aperture utilization rate and saves the design space.

[0021] (3) The X-band of the present application is in the form of a dipole antenna, and the Ka-band is in the form of a waveguide antenna, both of which have a bandwidth of 4GHz, realizing the dual-frequency composite wideband optimization design.

[0022] (4) The present application adopts a dipole and waveguide composite mode, and through reasonable optimization of the antenna layout, a common aperture composite form is adopted, which greatly saves the design space, realizes dual-frequency combination, and has the characteristics of wideband, dual-frequency and high radiation efficiency.

[0023] In the present application, the above technical solutions can be combined with each other to realize more preferred combination schemes. Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the subsequent specification, and some advantages will become apparent from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present application. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained from the contents specifically pointed out in the specification and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a composite antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an X-band metal dipole antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3Structure diagram of mounting plate for specific embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 Structure diagram of connection between feeding network of printed board and metal shielding column, feeding point soldering pad and stripline for specific embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 Structure diagram of feeding network of printed board for specific embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 Structure diagram of connection between upper dielectric substrate and metal shielding column, feeding point soldering pad and stripline for specific embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 Structure diagram of lower dielectric substrate for specific embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 Structure diagram of prepreg for specific embodiment;

[0033] Figure 9 Structure diagram of radiation slot layer for specific embodiment (1);

[0034] Figure 10 Structure diagram of radiation slot layer for specific embodiment (2);

[0035] Figure 11 Structure diagram of power divider layer for specific embodiment (1);

[0036] Figure 12 Structure diagram of power divider layer for specific embodiment (2);

[0037] Figure 13 Structure diagram of adapter feeding layer for specific embodiment;

[0038] Figure 14 Structure diagram of connection between radiation slot layer, power divider layer and adapter feeding layer for specific embodiment;

[0039] Figure 15 Structure diagram of part of composite antenna for specific embodiment.

[0040] Reference signs:

[0041] 1-X band metal monopole antenna; 11-metal monopole; 111-first metal arm; 112-second metal arm; 113-metal cylinder; 114-metal inner core; 115-coaxial line; 116-strip slot; 117-connection plate; 118-first screw hole; 12-mounting plate; 121-first radiation slot; 122-mounting hole; 123-second screw hole; 13-printed board feed network; 131-upper floor; 1311-second radiation slot; 1312-first shielding post mounting hole; 1313-third screw hole; 132-lower floor; 1321-third radiation slot; 1322-second shielding post mounting hole; 1323-fourth screw hole; 133-upper dielectric substrate; 1331-fourth radiation slot; 1332-third shielding post mounting hole; 1333-fifth screw hole; 134-lower dielectric substrate; 1341-fifth radiation slot; 1342-fourth shielding post mounting hole; 1343-sixth screw hole; 135-prepreg; 1351-sixth radiation slot; 1352-fifth shielding post mounting hole; 1353-seventh screw hole; 136-metal shielding post; 137-feed point pad; 138-strip line;

[0042] 2-Ka band waveguide slot antenna; 21-radiation slot layer; 211-seventh radiation slot; 212-eighth screw hole; 213-resonant cavity; 214-first tuning boss; 22-power divider layer; 221-first 1-to-2 power divider; 222-second 1-to-2 power divider; 223-coupling slot; 224-second tuning boss; 23-adapting feed layer; 231-adapting slot; 232-adapting waveguide; 233-third tuning boss; 24-cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0044] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or detachably connected, or integrally connected, it can be mechanically connected, or electrically connected, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] The terms "top", "bottom", "above", "under" and "on" used throughout the description are relative positions of the components of the device, for example, the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It can be understood that the device is multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

[0046] One specific embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1-15 discloses a dual-frequency co-aperture composite antenna, which comprises an X-band metal dipole antenna 1 and a Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2. The X-band metal dipole antenna 1 and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 are stacked in order from top to bottom.

[0047] In this embodiment, the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 is fastened to the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 by screws, and the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna are combined in a limited aperture size.

[0048] Specifically, the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 comprises a metal dipole 11, a mounting plate 12, and a printed board feed network 13. The metal dipole 11, the mounting plate 12, and the printed board feed network 13 are stacked in order from top to bottom. That is, the metal dipole 11 is above the mounting plate 12, and the printed board feed network 13 is below the mounting plate 12.

[0049] The metal dipole 11 comprises a first metal arm 111, a second metal arm 112, and a metal cylinder 113. The first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the metal cylinder 113, and the metal cylinder 113 is perpendicular to the first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112.

[0050] In this embodiment, the length, width, and thickness of the first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112 are equal.

[0051] Further, the width of the first metal arm 111 is less than the diameter of the metal cylinder 113. The top surface of the first metal arm 111 is flush with the top surface of the metal cylinder 113.

[0052] The metal dipole 11 further comprises a metal inner core 114 and a coaxial line 115. The metal inner core 114 is arranged in the metal cylinder 113, and the coaxial line 115 is arranged in the metal inner core 114. The upper end of the coaxial line 115 is connected to the first metal arm 111 for transmitting energy.

[0053] In this embodiment, the length of the metal inner core 114 is less than the length of the metal cylinder 113, and the bottom of the metal inner core 114 is flush with the bottom of the metal cylinder 113. The diameter of the metal inner core 114 is equal to the inner diameter of the metal cylinder 113.

[0054] In order to adjust the dipole matching and expand the bandwidth, the upper end of the metal cylinder 113 is provided with a strip-shaped slot 116. There are two strip-shaped slots 116, and the planes where the two strip-shaped slots 116 are located are perpendicular to the first metal arm 111. In this embodiment, the strip-shaped slots 116 pass through the axis of the metal cylinder 113.

[0055] The metal oscillator 11 further includes a connecting plate 117 which is disposed parallel to the lower side of the first metal arm 111. The width of the connecting plate 117 is greater than the outer diameter of the metal cylinder 113. The lower end of the metal cylinder 113 passes through the middle position of the connecting plate 117 and exposes from the bottom surface of the connecting plate 117. The length of the connecting plate 117 is less than the sum of the lengths of the first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112.

[0056] In order to connect with the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2, two first screw holes 118 are provided on the connecting plate 117 and are respectively located at both ends of the connecting plate 117.

[0057] In this embodiment, the structure of the metal oscillator 11 is in an inverted "tu" character shape. The metal oscillator 11 is a double-arm structure, and the first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112 serve as the radiators of the metal oscillator 11 to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

[0058] The mounting plate 12 is made of a metal material. Exemplarily, the mounting plate 12 is made of an aluminum plate.

[0059] A plurality of first radiation slots 121 are provided on the mounting plate 12. Specifically, the first radiation slots 121 are evenly distributed on the mounting plate 12, and multiple first radiation slots 121 form multiple rows and columns on the mounting plate 12. In this embodiment, the first radiation slot 121 is a rectangular slot, and the four corners of the rectangle are chamfered. The first radiation slot 121 serves as the radiation slot of the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2.

[0060] Preferably, the number of the first radiation slots 121 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column. The first radiation slots 121 in adjacent rows are aligned, and the first radiation slots 121 in adjacent columns are aligned.

[0061] A mounting hole 122 is provided on the mounting plate 12, and the mounting hole 122 is located at the exact center of the mounting plate 12. The mounting hole 122 is used for mounting the metal cylinder 113, that is, the lower end of the metal cylinder 113 is disposed in the mounting hole 122.

[0062] Two second screw holes 123 are further provided on the mounting plate 12, and the two second screw holes 123 are respectively disposed on both sides of the mounting hole 122.

[0063] In this embodiment, screws are used to pass through the second screw holes 123 to connect with the metal oscillator 11. Specifically, the screws pass through the first screw holes 114 and the second screw holes 123 to fixedly connect the mounting plate 12 and the connecting plate 117.

[0064] The printed feed network 13 comprises an upper floor 131, a lower floor 132, an upper dielectric substrate 133, a lower dielectric substrate 134 and a prepreg 135, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

[0065] The upper floor 131 is provided with a plurality of second radiation slots 1311. Specifically, the second radiation slots 1311 are uniformly distributed on the upper floor 131, and a plurality of second radiation slots 1311 form a plurality of rows and columns on the upper floor 131. In this embodiment, the second radiation slots 1311 are rectangular slots, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0066] Preferably, the number of second radiation slots 1311 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column, and the second radiation slots 1311 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the second radiation slots 1311 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0067] The upper floor 131 is provided with a plurality of first shielding column mounting holes 1312, which form a circle at the center of the upper floor 131. The upper floor 131 is also provided with a third screw hole 1313, which has two sides located on both sides of the circle formed by the first shielding column mounting hole 1312.

[0068] The lower floor 132 is provided with a plurality of third radiation slots 1321. Specifically, the third radiation slots 1321 are uniformly distributed on the lower floor 132, and a plurality of third radiation slots 1321 form a plurality of rows and columns on the lower floor 132. In this embodiment, the third radiation slots 1321 are rectangular slots, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0069] Preferably, the number of third radiation slots 1321 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column, and the third radiation slots 1321 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the third radiation slots 1321 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0070] The lower floor 132 is provided with a plurality of second shielding column mounting holes 1322, which form a circle at the center of the lower floor 132. The lower floor 132 is also provided with a fourth screw hole 1323, which has two sides located on both sides of the circle formed by the second shielding column mounting hole 1322.

[0071] The upper dielectric substrate 133 is provided with fourth radiation slots 1331, and the fourth radiation slots 1331 are provided in plurality. Specifically, the fourth radiation slots 1331 are uniformly distributed on the upper dielectric substrate 133, and the plurality of fourth radiation slots 1331 form multiple rows and multiple columns on the upper dielectric substrate 133. In this embodiment, the fourth radiation slots 1331 are rectangular slots, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0072] Preferably, the number of fourth radiation slots 1331 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column, and the fourth radiation slots 1331 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the fourth radiation slots 1331 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0073] The upper dielectric substrate 133 is provided with a plurality of third shielding column mounting holes 1332, and the plurality of third shielding column mounting holes 1332 form a circle and are located at the center of the upper dielectric substrate 133. The upper dielectric substrate 133 is also provided with fifth screw holes 1333, and the fifth screw holes 1333 are provided in two, respectively located on both sides of the circle formed by the third shielding column mounting holes 1332.

[0074] The lower dielectric substrate 134 is provided with fifth radiation slots 1341, and the fifth radiation slots 1341 are provided in plurality. Specifically, the fifth radiation slots 1341 are uniformly distributed on the lower dielectric substrate 134, and the plurality of fifth radiation slots 1341 form multiple rows and multiple columns on the lower dielectric substrate 134. In this embodiment, the fifth radiation slots 1341 are rectangular slots, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0075] Preferably, the number of fifth radiation slots 1341 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column, and the fifth radiation slots 1341 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the fifth radiation slots 1341 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0076] The lower dielectric substrate 134 is provided with a plurality of fourth shielding column mounting holes 1342, and the plurality of fourth shielding column mounting holes 1342 form a circle and are located at the center of the lower dielectric substrate 134. The lower dielectric substrate 134 is also provided with sixth screw holes 1343, and the sixth screw holes 1343 are provided in two, respectively located on both sides of the circle formed by the fourth shielding column mounting holes 1342.

[0077] The prepreg 135 is provided with sixth radiation slots 1351, and the sixth radiation slots 1351 are provided in plurality. Specifically, the sixth radiation slots 1351 are uniformly distributed on the prepreg 135, and the plurality of sixth radiation slots 1351 form multiple rows and multiple columns on the prepreg 135. In this embodiment, the sixth radiation slots 1351 are rectangular slots, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0078] Preferably, the number of sixth radiation slots 1351 is 16, 4 in each row and 4 in each column, and the sixth radiation slots 1351 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the sixth radiation slots 1351 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0079] The prepreg 135 is provided with a plurality of fifth shielding post mounting holes 1352 which are arranged in a circle at the center of the prepreg 135. The prepreg 135 is also provided with a seventh screw hole 1353, and two seventh screw holes 1353 are arranged at the two sides of the circle formed by the fifth shielding post mounting holes 1352.

[0080] In the embodiment, the upper floor 131, the lower floor 132, the upper dielectric substrate 133, the lower dielectric substrate 134 and the prepreg 135 are all rectangular plates, and the corresponding second radiation slot 1311, the third radiation slot 1321, the fourth radiation slot 1331, the fifth radiation slot 1341 and the sixth radiation slot 1351 are vertically aligned with each other and with the first radiation slot 121; the corresponding first shielding post mounting hole 1312, the second shielding post mounting hole 1322, the third shielding post mounting hole 1332, the fourth shielding post mounting hole 1342 and the fifth shielding post mounting hole 1352 have the same diameter and are vertically aligned with each other; and the corresponding third screw hole 1313, the fourth screw hole 1323, the fifth screw hole 1333, the sixth screw hole 1343 and the seventh screw hole 1353 are vertically aligned with each other and with the second screw hole 123.

[0081] In the embodiment, the walls of the second radiation slot 1311, the third radiation slot 1321, the fourth radiation slot 1331, the fifth radiation slot 1341 and the sixth radiation slot 1351 are metallized, the upper floor 131 and the lower floor 132 are grounded, and the prepreg 135 bonds the upper dielectric substrate 133 and the lower dielectric substrate 134 together.

[0082] The printed board feed network 3 further comprises a metal shielding post 136, a feed point pad 137 and a strip line 138. The metal shielding post 136 is arranged in the shielding post mounting hole, the strip line 138 is made of metal copper material and is arranged between the upper dielectric substrate 133 and the lower dielectric substrate 134, one end of the strip line 138 is connected to the feed point pad 137, and the feed point pad 137 is connected to the lower end of the coaxial line 115.

[0083] In the embodiment, the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 is installed on the metal dipole 1 by means of screws passing through the printed board feed network 3 and the mounting plate 2. The working principle of the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 is that when electromagnetic wave signals are fed by the strip line 138, the energy is transmitted upward through the coaxial line 115 and then radiated to the free space through the first metal arm 111 and the second metal arm 112.

[0084] In this embodiment, the wavelength ratio of the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 is 1:4, and the X-band metal dipole antenna 1 is located in the middle of the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2.

[0085] The Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 includes a radiation slot layer 21, a power divider layer 22, and a transition feed layer 23, which are stacked in order from top to bottom and are all made of metal material and assembled together by vacuum brazing.

[0086] The radiation slot layer 21 is provided with a seventh radiation slot 211, and the seventh radiation slot 211 is provided in multiple. Specifically, the seventh radiation slot 211 is uniformly distributed on the radiation slot layer 21, and multiple seventh radiation slots 211 form multiple rows and multiple columns on the radiation slot layer 21. In this embodiment, the seventh radiation slot 211 is a rectangular slot, and the four corners of the rectangle are rounded.

[0087] Preferably, the number of seventh radiation slots 211 is 16, there are 4 in each row and 4 in each column, the seventh radiation slots 211 of adjacent rows are aligned, and the seventh radiation slots 211 of adjacent columns are aligned.

[0088] The top surface of the radiation slot layer 21 is provided with an eighth screw hole 212, and the eighth screw hole 212 is provided with two and is opposite to the seventh screw hole 1353. It should be noted that the eighth screw hole 212 is a blind hole for placing the screw cap.

[0089] The bottom surface of the radiation slot layer 21 is provided with a resonant cavity 213, and the resonant cavity 213 is provided in multiple. In this embodiment, the resonant cavity 213 is provided with 4, and each resonant cavity corresponds to 4 seventh radiation slots 211 and is in communication with them. The side wall of the resonant cavity 213 is provided with a first tuning boss 214 for adjusting the Ka-band standing wave.

[0090] In this embodiment, the electromagnetic wave is mode-regularized in the resonant cavity 213, the high-order mode is cut off, the TE10 mode is transmitted along the Z-axis direction (the direction of the coaxial line 115) in the resonant cavity 213, and the longitudinal magnetic field component of the TE10 mode is transmitted upward, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated to the free space through the radiation slot.

[0091] The power divider layer 22 includes a first 1-to-2 power divider 221, a second 1-to-2 power divider 222, and a coupling slot 223, the first 1-to-2 power divider 221 is provided with two and is located on both sides of the second 1-to-2 power divider 222, the coupling slot 223 is provided with four, the four coupling slots 223 are located in the region of the first 1-to-2 power divider 221 two by two, and each coupling slot 223 corresponds to a resonant cavity 213 and is located in the middle of the resonant cavity 213. The side wall surface of the first 1-to-2 power divider 221 and the second 1-to-2 power divider 222 is provided with a second tuning boss 224.

[0092] In the embodiment, the first one-to-two power divider 221 and the second one-to-two power divider 222 are connected in parallel and correspond to the 16 seventh radiation slots 211 respectively.

[0093] The adapter feed layer 23 comprises an adapter slot 231 and an adapter waveguide 232, the adapter slot 231 is arranged in the middle of the adapter feed layer 23 and communicates with the adapter waveguide 232, and the adapter waveguide 232 is arranged at the bottom of the adapter feed layer 23.

[0094] In the embodiment, the adapter waveguide 232 is a rectangular waveguide, the adapter slot 231 is a rectangular structure, and the adapter slot 231 is located above the adapter waveguide 232. The adapter waveguide 232 and the adapter slot 231 together form a transmission structure, the signal enters the adapter slot 231 through the adapter waveguide 232, and then enters the one-to-two power divider of the power divider layer 22 for energy transmission.

[0095] A third tuning boss 233 is arranged on one side wall of the adapter waveguide 232, and the position and size of the third tuning boss 233 are used to adjust the resonance of the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2.

[0096] The Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 further comprises a cover plate 24 arranged below the adapter feed layer 23 for covering the adapter waveguide 232. It is worth noting that the adapter waveguide 232 communicates with one side wall of the adapter feed layer 23 for feeding signals to the adapter feed layer 23.

[0097] The working principle of the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna is as follows: when the electromagnetic wave signal is fed from the feed port of the adapter waveguide 232, the energy is coupled to the power divider layer 22 through the adapter slot 231, and after two power divisions, the energy is evenly divided into four parts and enters the resonant cavity 213 through the coupling slot 223, and the TE10 mode is excited in the resonant cavity 213, and the electromagnetic wave is mode-reformed in the resonant cavity 213, and the high-order mode is cut off, and the TE10 mode is transmitted along the Z-axis direction in the resonant cavity 213, and the longitudinal magnetic field component of the TE10 mode radiates electromagnetic waves to the free space through the radiation slot.

[0098] The X-band metal dipole antenna 1 of the embodiment has a bandwidth of 4 GHz, a bandwidth of 40%, and a radiation efficiency of 60%; the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna 2 has a bandwidth of 4 GHz, a bandwidth of 11%, and a radiation efficiency of 62%. The requirements of wideband characteristics, high radiation efficiency and high space utilization are met.

[0099] The present application adopts a dipole and waveguide composite mode, optimizes the antenna layout reasonably, adopts a common aperture composite form, greatly saves the design space, realizes dual-frequency compounding, and has the characteristics of wideband, dual-frequency and high radiation efficiency.

[0100] The above merely describes preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-frequency co-boresight compound antenna, characterized in that, The X-band metal dipole antenna and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna are arranged in a co-boresight manner, and are stacked in a top-to-bottom order, and the wavelength ratio of the X-band metal dipole antenna and the Ka-band waveguide slot antenna is 1:4; The X-band metal dipole antenna comprises a metal dipole and a printed board feed network, the metal dipole comprises a first metal arm, a second metal arm, a metal cylinder, a metal inner core and a coaxial line, the first metal arm and the second metal arm are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the metal cylinder, the width of the first metal arm is smaller than the diameter of the metal cylinder, the first metal arm is vertically arranged on one side of the metal cylinder, the upper end of the metal cylinder is provided with a strip-shaped slot, and the metal inner core is arranged in the metal cylinder; the coaxial line is arranged in the metal inner core, and the upper end of the coaxial line is connected with the first metal arm; the metal dipole is located above the printed board feed network, and the printed board feed network comprises an upper layer ground plate, an upper dielectric substrate, a prepreg, a lower dielectric substrate and a lower layer ground plate which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. The Ka-band waveguide slot antenna comprises a radiation slot layer, a power divider layer and a switching feed layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom, the switching feed layer comprises a switching slot and a switching waveguide, the switching slot is arranged in the middle of the switching feed layer and communicates with the switching waveguide, and the switching waveguide is arranged at the bottom of the switching feed layer. The signal enters the switching slot through the switching waveguide; the power divider layer comprises two first 2-way power dividers and four coupling slots, two first 2-way power dividers are respectively arranged on two sides of the second 2-way power divider, and two coupling slots are arranged in the first 2-way power divider region.

2. The dual-frequency co-boresight composite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper layer ground plate is provided with a plurality of second radiation slots, and a plurality of the second radiation slots form a plurality of rows and columns on the upper layer ground plate; the lower layer ground plate is provided with a plurality of third radiation slots, and a plurality of the third radiation slots form a plurality of rows and columns on the lower layer ground plate.

3. The dual-frequency co-polar antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fourth radiation slots, and a plurality of the fourth radiation slots form a plurality of rows and columns on the upper dielectric substrate; The lower dielectric substrate is provided with a plurality of fifth radiation slots, and a plurality of the fifth radiation slots form a plurality of rows and columns on the lower dielectric substrate.

4. The dual-frequency co-boresight composite antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The prepreg is provided with a plurality of sixth radiation slots, and a plurality of the sixth radiation slots form a plurality of rows and columns on the prepreg, and the second radiation slots, the third radiation slots, the fourth radiation slots, the fifth radiation slots and the sixth radiation slots are vertically aligned.

5. The dual-frequency co-boresight composite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printed board feed network further comprises a feed point pad and a strip line, the feed point pad is connected with the lower end of the coaxial line, and the strip line is arranged between the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate and is connected with the feed point pad.

6. The dual-frequency co-boresight composite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation slot layer, the power divider layer and the switching feed layer are connected together by vacuum brazing.

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