A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns

Abstract

The present application relates to a fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns, and relates to the field of frame column mechanical property testing technology. The device comprises a frame and a test furnace, wherein an opening is provided on the side wall of the test furnace, and a mounting seat for vertically fixing the frame column is provided on the test furnace. The mounting seat can drive the frame column to slide into or out of the test furnace through the opening. A through hole is provided on the top of the test furnace for the frame column to pass through. The frame is provided with a drive assembly for controlling the movement of the mounting seat. A furnace door for sealing the opening is hingedly connected to the test furnace, and the test furnace is provided with a control assembly for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door. The frame is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder for applying vertical pressure to the frame column. The present application facilitates the operator to install the frame column in the test furnace.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mechanical property testing technology for frame columns, and in particular to a fire simulation device for testing the mechanical property of substation frame columns. Background Art

[0002] Substation architecture is a general term for the primary support structure for outdoor conductors and equipment in substations and other facilities. It is determined based on the substation's voltage level, scale, equipment layout, construction and operating conditions, and local climate. Columns are part of the substation structure and provide support.

[0003] Substation transformers are typically oil-immersed. Although the probability of a transformer fire is low, a fire can damage the transformer and surrounding structures. The structural columns, which support electrical equipment and withstand the tension of conductors, can be affected by the fire and heat up rapidly. Columns are typically made of steel, and high temperatures can degrade the mechanical properties of columns near fire sources, potentially engulfing the electrical equipment and conductors they support, leading to greater economic losses. Therefore, research on the fire resistance of substation structural columns is being conducted to prevent or mitigate damage to these columns in fire environments.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number CN217738884U discloses a fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation structural columns. The device comprises a fire test furnace with a chamber and a slot at the top for the top of the substation structural column to pass through. The slot is sealed with fireproof material. Placing the substation structural column in the test furnace simulates the heating conditions experienced by the lower half of the column during a fire.

[0005] Due to the large size of the frame columns, the bottom of the frame columns hoisted into the experimental furnace needs to be fixed to the bottom of the experimental furnace. Due to the limited internal volume of the experimental furnace, it is difficult for the operator to hoist the frame columns into the experimental furnace for installation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to facilitate the operator to install the frame column in the experimental furnace, the present application provides a fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of the substation frame column.

[0007] The fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns, comprising a frame and a test furnace, an opening being provided on the side wall of the test furnace, a mounting seat being slidingly provided on the test furnace for vertically fixing the frame column, and the mounting seat being capable of driving the frame column to slide into or out of the test furnace through the opening, a through hole being provided on the top of the test furnace for the frame column to pass through, a driving assembly being provided on the frame for controlling the movement of the mounting seat, a furnace door being hingedly provided on the furnace test furnace for sealing the opening, and a control assembly being provided on the test furnace for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door, and a first hydraulic cylinder being provided on the frame for applying vertical pressure to the frame column.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the operator needs to install the frame column on the mounting seat, the operator first starts the control component to open the two furnace doors, and then the operator starts the drive component to slide the mounting seat out of the experimental furnace. The operator installs the fixed frame column on the mounting seat moved out of the experimental furnace. After completing the installation, the operator starts the drive component to move the frame column on the mounting seat into the experimental furnace. Finally, the operator starts the control component to drive the two furnace doors to close, and the frame column passes through the through hole upward. By installing the frame column on the mounting seat moved out of the experimental furnace, and then moving the mounting seat to move the frame column into the experimental furnace, it is beneficial to improve the convenience of the operator in installing the frame column.

[0010] Optionally, a slide rail is provided under the experimental furnace, a limiting groove is provided on the side wall of the slide rail, a slide seat is provided on the mounting seat corresponding to the position of the slide rail, a roller for supporting the upper surface of the slide rail is rotatably provided on the slide seat, a wing plate is hinged on the slide seat, a limiting wheel is rotatably connected to the wing plate, the limiting wheel is embedded in the limiting groove, and a pushing assembly for controlling the flipping of the wing plate is provided on the slide seat.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting seat is supported on the slide rail by rollers, and the wing plate is driven to flip through the pushing assembly, so that the limiting wheel on the wing plate is embedded in the limiting groove, preventing the mounting seat from leaving the slide rail, thereby improving the movement stability of the mounting seat on the slide rail and improving the installation stability of the frame column on the mounting seat.

[0012] Optionally, the pushing assembly includes a sleeve hinged on the wing plate, a screw is rotatably connected in the sleeve, a screw sleeve is hinged on the slide seat, and the screw is threadedly connected in the screw sleeve.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator turns the screw to move the screw sleeve along the axial direction of the screw, thereby controlling the distance between the sleeve and the screw sleeve, so that the operator can control the flipping of the wing plate.

[0014] Optionally, a jack is provided under the experimental furnace, and when the mounting seat moves the frame column into the experimental furnace, the jack is located under the mounting seat.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator supports the mounting seat by a jack, thereby reducing the force on the slide rail and the experimental furnace when the lattice column is subjected to the downward pressure of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, the driving assembly includes a second hydraulic cylinder arranged at one end of the slide rail, the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the slide seat, and the second hydraulic cylinder can drive the mounting seat to move on the slide rail.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator starts the second hydraulic cylinder, controls the extension and retraction of its piston rod, and then drives the mounting seat to move on the slide rail.

[0018] Optionally, the control assembly includes a support plate fixedly connected to the mounting seat, two furnace doors are provided, and the two furnace doors are arranged opposite each other, and a guide rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the two furnace doors, and the support plate is provided with a first guide groove for the guide rod to pass through at the position corresponding to the two furnace doors, and the two first guide rods are parallel to each other. When the two guide rods are inserted into the corresponding first guide grooves, the two furnace doors are in an open state;

[0019] The support plate is provided with a second guide groove at the position corresponding to the two first guide grooves, one end of each of the two second guide grooves is connected to the corresponding first guide groove, and the ends of the two second guide grooves away from the first guide groove are inclined toward each other. When the two guide rods are inserted into the corresponding second guide groove at the end away from the first guide groove, the mounting seat drives the frame column to move into the experimental furnace, and at this time, the two furnace doors are in a closed state.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the mounting seat is located outside the experimental furnace, the two guide rods are both inserted into the first guide groove. At this time, both furnace doors are in an open state. The operator controls the movement of the mounting seat to drive the mounting seat to move toward the experimental furnace. After the mounting seat drives the frame column into the experimental furnace, the guide rod gradually enters the corresponding second guide groove. When the guide rod moves in the corresponding second guide groove in the direction away from the first guide groove, the two guide rods approach each other and drive the two furnace doors to close.

[0021] Optionally, the mounting seat is provided with a support frame for supporting the frame column, the support frame is slidably provided with two clamping plates for clamping the frame column, and the experimental furnace is provided with a control unit for controlling the two clamping plates to move closer to or away from each other.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator drives the two clamping plates to move closer to each other through the control unit and then clamps the frame column, which is beneficial to improving the installation stability of the frame column on the mounting seat.

[0023] Optionally, the control unit includes a first stud rotatably connected to the support frame, the axial direction of the first stud is parallel to the sliding direction of the splint, and a first motor for driving the first stud to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame, and two push blocks are threadedly sleeved on the first stud, and the threaded sections of the first stud corresponding to the two push blocks have opposite rotation directions, the push blocks correspond one-to-one to the splint, and the splint is fixedly connected to the corresponding push blocks.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator starts the first motor to drive the first stud to move, thereby driving the two push blocks to move closer to or away from each other. When the two clamping plates move away from each other, the clamping effect on the frame column is released. When the two clamping plates move closer to each other, the frame column is clamped.

[0025] Optionally, two furnace doors are provided, and the two furnace doors are arranged opposite each other. Limiting rings are fixedly connected to the two furnace doors. When the two furnace doors are closed, the two limiting rings are aligned with each other. The support frame is provided with a movable seat for axial sliding along the limiting ring. A limiting rod for simultaneously passing through the two limiting rings is fixedly connected to the movable seat. Push rods are hinged on the two push blocks, and the ends of the two push rods away from the corresponding push blocks are hinged on the movable seat.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, after the frame column is moved into the experimental furnace, the control assembly drives the two furnace doors to close, at which point the two limit rings are connected. The operator activates the drive motor to rotate the stud and control the two clamping plates to move away from each other to release the clamping effect on the frame column. As the two clamping plates move away from each other, the linkage action of the push rod drives the moving seat to move, thereby simultaneously inserting the limit rod into the two limit rings, restricting the opening of the furnace door and improving the stability of the furnace door closing.

[0027] Optionally, a lifting seat is provided on the frame for vertical sliding, and the lifting seat is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder. Two positioning plates are slidingly provided on the lifting seat, and the top of the frame column is detachably and fixedly connected to a support column. The two positioning plates are used to position the support column, and positioning grooves for positioning the frame column are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two positioning plates. A second stud is fixedly connected to the lifting seat, and the second stud passes through the two positioning plates at the same time. The threaded sections of the second stud corresponding to the positions of the two positioning plates have opposite rotation directions, and a second motor for controlling the rotation of the second stud is provided on the lifting seat.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator drives the frame column to move to the bottom of the lifting seat by moving the mounting seat. The operator starts the second motor to drive the second stud to rotate, so that the two clamps approach each other and clamp the support column, thereby positioning the entire frame column so that the first hydraulic cylinder applies downward pressure to the frame column.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. By installing the frame column on the mounting base that is removed from the experimental furnace, and then moving the mounting base to move the frame column into the experimental furnace, it is helpful to improve the convenience of the operator in installing the frame column;

[0031] 2. Clamp the frame column by two clamping plates close to each other, so that the frame column remains stable during the movement of the mounting base;

[0032] 3. Limiting rings are set on the two furnace doors. When the two furnace doors are closed, the two limiting rings are aligned with each other and connected. The operator inserts the limiting rod into the two limiting rings to limit the opening of the furnace doors, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the furnace doors when they are closed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram used to reflect the closed state of the furnace door in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of a positioning plate used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of a slide seat according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support frame used in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, frame; 11, crossbeam; 12, lifting seat; 13, column; 14, guide cylinder; 15, end plate; 16, first hydraulic cylinder; 17, jack; 18, mounting seat; 19, frame column; 2, positioning plate; 21, positioning groove; 22, second stud; 23, threaded cylinder; 24, second motor; 25, support column; 3, experimental furnace; 31, opening; 32, through hole; 33, furnace door; 34, slide rail; 35, limit groove; 36, slide seat; 37, roller; 3 8. Wing plate; 39. Limiting wheel; 4. Push assembly; 41. Screw sleeve; 42. Screw rod; 43. Sleeve; 5. Drive assembly; 51. Mounting frame; 52. Second hydraulic cylinder; 6. Support frame; 61. Cross frame; 62. Push block; 63. Clamp; 7. Control unit; 71. First stud; 72. First motor; 8. Push rod; 81. Moving seat; 82. Limiting rod; 83. Limiting ring; 9. Control assembly; 91. Guide rod; 92. Support plate; 93. First guide groove; 94. Second guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The following is combined with Figure 1-6 This application is described in further detail.

[0041] The present application discloses a fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a transformer substation frame column. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns includes a frame 1. A horizontal beam 11 is provided at the top of the frame 1. A lifting seat 12 is provided below the beam 11. Several vertical columns 13 are fixedly connected to the surface of the lifting seat 12. A guide cylinder 14 is fixedly connected to the beam 11 at the position corresponding to each column 13. The columns 13 slide along their own axial direction and pass through the corresponding guide cylinder 14. The top of each column 13 is fixedly connected to an end plate 15 that restricts the column 13 from separating from the guide cylinder 14. A first hydraulic cylinder 16 is provided between the lifting seat 12 and the beam 11. The first hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the beam 11, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the lifting seat 12.

[0042] Figure 1 and Figure 3Two positioning plates 2 are slidably mounted on the lower surface of the lifting base 12 along the length of the crossbeam 11. These two positioning plates 2 are spaced apart along the length of the crossbeam 11 and symmetrically arranged about the first hydraulic cylinder 16. Both positioning plates 2 are vertically defined with a V-shaped positioning groove 21. A second stud 22 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of the lifting plate. Both positioning plates 2 are fixedly connected to a threaded barrel 23 for threaded engagement with the second stud 22. The threaded sections of the two threaded barrels 23 corresponding to the second stud 22 rotate in opposite directions. A second motor 24 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lifting base 12. The output shaft of the second motor 24 is fixedly connected coaxially with one end of the second stud 22. The top of the frame column 19 is bolted to the support column 25. The operator activates the second motor 24 to rotate the second stud 22, which in turn drives the two clamping plates 63 toward each other and clamps the support column 25, effectively positioning the frame column 19. This allows the operator to control the first hydraulic cylinder 16 to apply downward pressure to the frame column 19. A monitoring device (not shown) is provided on the frame 1 to monitor the deformation of the frame column 19.

[0043] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Below the crossbeam 11, a test furnace 3 is installed for heating the frame columns 19 to simulate a fire scene. The test furnace 3 is supported on the ground by legs. An opening 31 is provided on one side of the crossbeam 11, connecting to the furnace's interior. Opening 31 extends to the bottom of the test furnace 3. A through-hole 32 is provided at the top of the test furnace 3 for the frame columns 19 to pass upward. Through-hole 32 communicates with opening 31. A slide rail 34 is fixed to the ground, extending one end to the bottom of the test furnace 3. A mounting seat 18 is slidably mounted on the rail 34. A control assembly 9 is provided on the test furnace 3 to control the movement of the mounting seat 18. A jack 17 is fixed to the ground below the test furnace 3 to support the mounting seat 18. When the mounting seat 18 moves to the bottom of the test furnace 3, it seals the opening 31 at the bottom of the test furnace 3. The jack 17 is activated and supported on the lower surface of the mounting seat 18. The experimental furnace 3 is provided with two furnace doors 33 on the side wall with the opening 31 for sealing the slot wall opening 31 . The two furnace doors 33 are arranged opposite each other, and a control component 9 for controlling the opening and closing of the two furnace doors 33 is provided on the mounting seat 18 .

[0044] Figure 1 and Figure 4Two slide rails 34 are installed on the ground. The lengths of the two slide rails 34 are parallel to the width of the crossbeam 11. Limiting slots 35 are provided on opposite sides of the two slide rails 34. The lengths of the limiting slots 35 are parallel to the lengths of the slide rails 34. Multiple slides 36 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the mounting base 18 at positions corresponding to the two slide rails 34. The multiple slides 36 corresponding to the same slide rail 34 are spaced apart along the length of the slide rail 34. A roller 37 is rotatably connected to the lower surface of each slide 36. The roller 37 is an I-shaped wheel and is mounted on the upper surface of the slide rail 34. Each slide 36 is hinged to a wing plate 38 on the side near the limiting slot 35. The hinge axis of the wing plate 38 is parallel to the length of the slide rail 34. A limiting wheel 39 is rotatably connected to the wing plate 38. The operator can flip the wing plate 38 to engage the limiting wheel 39 in the limiting slot 35, thereby preventing the slide 36 from disengaging from the slide rail 34.

[0045] The slide 36 is provided with a push assembly 4 for controlling the flipping of the wing plate 38. The push assembly 4 includes a screw sleeve 41 hinged to the slide 36. A screw rod 42 is coaxially threadedly connected to the screw sleeve 41. One end of the screw rod 42 is rotatably connected to a sleeve 43. The sleeve 43 is hinged to the wing plate 38. The hinge axis of the screw sleeve 41 and the sleeve 43 are parallel to the hinge axis of the wing plate 38 on the slide 36. The operator drives the screw sleeve 41 by turning the screw rod 42, which in turn causes the wing plate 38 to move the limiting wheel 39 into the limiting groove 35, thereby preventing the slide 36 from disengaging from the corresponding slide rail 34, thereby improving the movement stability of the mounting base 18 on the two slides 36.

[0046] The driving assembly 5 includes a mounting frame 51 fixedly connected to one end of the two slide rails 34, and a second hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 51. The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 18. The operator pushes the mounting seat 18 to move on the two guide rails through the second hydraulic cylinder 52.

[0047] Figure 1 and Figure 5 The upper surface of the slide 36 is vertically fixedly connected to a support frame 6. The support frame 6 is located on the side of the mounting seat 18 away from the experimental furnace 3. When the mounting seat 18 completely inserts the frame column 19 into the experimental furnace 3, the support frame 6 is located outside the experimental furnace 3. A cross frame 61 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 6. The cross frame 61 is arranged horizontally, and the length direction of the cross frame 61 is parallel to the length direction of the crossbeam 11. Two push blocks 62 are slidably provided on the cross frame 61, and the two push blocks 62 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the support frame 6. A clamping plate 63 for clamping the frame column 19 is fixedly connected to each of the two push blocks 62. A control unit 7 is provided on the support frame 6 for controlling the two push blocks 62 to move closer to or away from each other.

[0048] The control unit 7 includes a first stud 71 rotatably connected to the side of the support frame 6 facing away from the clamping plate 63. The axial direction of the first stud 71 is parallel to the sliding direction of the two push blocks 62. The first stud 71 passes through the two push blocks 62 and is threadedly connected to them. The threaded sections of the first stud 71 corresponding to the two push blocks 62 rotate in opposite directions. A first motor 72 is fixedly connected to the support frame 6 for driving the first stud 71 to rotate. When the operator activates the first motor 72, the stud rotates, causing the two push blocks 62 to move closer or farther away from each other, thereby controlling the movement of the two clamping plates 63.

[0049] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A movable seat 81 is provided on one side of the support frame 6 that slides vertically toward the two splints 63. The movable seat 81 is located below the cross frame 61. Push rods 8 are hinged on the two push blocks 62. The ends of the two push rods 8 that are away from the corresponding push blocks 62 are hinged on the movable seat 81. When the two push blocks 62 move away from each other, the movable seat 81 is driven upward by the linkage action of the push rods 8. A limiting rod 82 is vertically provided on the side of the movable seat 81 away from the support frame 6. The lower end of the limiting rod 82 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 81. The upper ends of the two furnace doors 33 are fixedly connected to limiting rings 83. When the furnace doors 33 are closed, the two limiting rings 83 are aligned with each other and connected. At this time, if the mounting seat 18 places the frame column 19 in the experimental furnace 3, the limiting rod 82 is located directly below the two limiting rings 83, and the operator controls the two clamps 63 to move away from each other to release the limiting effect on the frame column 19. During this process, the clamp 63 moves and drives the moving seat 81 to move upward under the linkage action of the push rod 8, so that the limiting rod 82 is inserted into the two limiting rings 83, thereby limiting the opening of the furnace door 33, which is beneficial to improving the closing effect of the furnace door 33.

[0050] Figure 1 and Figure 5 The control assembly 9 includes a guide rod 91 fixedly connected to the lower ends of the two furnace doors 33. A support plate 92 is fixedly connected horizontally to the side of the mounting base 18 facing the experimental furnace 3. A first guide slot 93 is defined on the support plate 92 at the positions corresponding to the two guide rods 91, for guiding the guide rods 91. Both first guide slots 93 are parallel to the movement direction of the mounting base 18. When both guide rods 91 are located within their corresponding first guide slots 93, both furnace doors 33 are in the open state. A second guide slot 94 is defined on the support plate 92 at the positions corresponding to the two first guide slots 93. One end of the first guide slot 93 communicates with the second guide slot 94. The two second guide slots 94 are symmetrically arranged about the mounting base 18, and the ends of the second guide slots 94 facing away from the first guide slot 93 are inclined toward each other. When the mounting base 18 moves the frame column 19 into the experimental furnace 3, the two guide rods 91 gradually move to the ends of the second guide slot 94 facing away from the first guide slot 93.

[0051] When both guide rods 91 are located in the corresponding second guide grooves 94, the mounting base 18 moves toward the experimental furnace 3, driving the two guide rods 91 closer to each other, thereby causing the two furnace doors 33 to flip toward each other to close the openings 31. When the mounting base 18 moves away from the experimental furnace 3, it drives the two guide rods 91 away from each other, thereby causing the two furnace doors 33 to flip back to back to open.

[0052] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present application is: before monitoring the mechanical properties of the frame column 19 under a simulated fire scenario, the operator starts the second hydraulic cylinder 52 to move the mounting seat 18 out of the experimental furnace 3 to install the frame column 19. The two furnace doors 33 are in an open state, and the guide rods 91 on the two furnace doors 33 are both located in the corresponding first guide grooves 93. The two positioning plates 2 are away from each other, and the two splints 63 are also in a state of being away from each other.

[0053] The operator secures the frame column 19 to the upper surface of the mounting bracket 51 and installs the support column 25 on the top of the frame column 19. The operator then activates the first motor 72 to drive the two clamping plates 63 toward each other and clamp the frame column 19, so that the frame column 19 remains stable as it moves with the mounting base 18. As the two clamping plates 63 approach each other, the moving base 81 drives the limiting rod 82 downward.

[0054] After the frame column 19 is installed on the mounting base 18, the operator activates the second hydraulic cylinder 52 to push the mounting base 18 toward the experimental furnace 3. When the frame column 19 is completely moved into the experimental furnace 3, the two guide rods 91 move to the connection position of the first guide groove 93 and the second guide groove 94. The second hydraulic cylinder 52 continues to push the mounting base 18 to move. During this process, the guide rods 91 enter the second guide groove 94 and move away from the first guide groove 93. Because the ends of the two second guide grooves 94 away from the first guide groove 93 are inclined toward each other, the two support plates 92 move closer to each other, driving the two furnace doors 33 to tilt toward each other. When the two guide rods 91 move to the ends of the second guide groove 94 away from the first guide groove 93, the two furnace doors 33 close the opening 31 of the furnace wall 3, and the mounting base 18 also closes the opening 31 of the base of the experimental furnace 3. The furnace doors are closed, aligning the retaining rings 83 on the two furnace doors 33. Finally, the operator activates the first motor 72 to move the two clamping plates 63 away from each other. The push rod 8, in conjunction with the movable seat 81, moves upward, gradually inserting the retaining rod 82 into the two retaining rings 83, further securing the furnace doors 33. After the mounting seat 18 stops moving, the operator activates the jack 17, causing the piston rod of the jack 17 to rest on the lower end of the mounting seat 18.

[0055] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of substation frame columns, characterized by: The invention comprises a frame (1) and an experimental furnace (3), wherein an opening (31) is provided on a side wall of the experimental furnace (3), a mounting seat (18) for vertically fixing a frame column (19) is slidably provided on the experimental furnace (3), and the mounting seat (18) can drive the frame column (19) to slide into or out of the experimental furnace (3) through the opening (31), a through hole (32) for the frame column (19) to pass through is provided on the top of the experimental furnace (3), a driving component (5) for controlling the movement of the mounting seat (18) is provided on the frame (1), a furnace door (33) for blocking the opening (31) is hinged on the experimental furnace (3), and a control component (9) for controlling the opening and closing of the furnace door (33) is provided on the experimental furnace (3), and a first hydraulic cylinder (16) for applying vertical pressure to the frame column (19) is provided on the frame (1); The control assembly (9) includes a support plate (92) fixedly connected to the mounting seat (18), two furnace doors (33) are provided, and the two furnace doors (33) are arranged to be opened in opposite directions, and the lower ends of the two furnace doors (33) are fixedly connected to guide rods (91), and the support plate (92) is provided with first guide grooves (93) for the guide rods (91) to pass through at positions corresponding to the two furnace doors (33), and the two guide rods (91) are parallel to each other. When the two guide rods (91) are inserted into the corresponding first guide grooves (93), the two furnace doors (33) are in an open state; The support plate (92) is provided with a second guide groove (94) at the position corresponding to the two first guide grooves (93), one end of the two second guide grooves (94) is connected to the corresponding first guide groove (93), and the ends of the two second guide grooves (94) away from the first guide groove (93) are inclined toward each other. When the two guide rods (91) are inserted into the corresponding second guide groove (94) away from the end of the first guide groove (93), the mounting seat (18) drives the frame column (19) to move into the experimental furnace (3), and at this time, the two furnace doors (33) are in a closed state.

2. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail (34) is provided below the experimental furnace (3), a limiting groove (35) is provided on the side wall of the slide rail (34), a slide seat (36) is provided on the mounting seat (18) at a position corresponding to the slide rail (34), a roller (37) is rotatably provided on the slide seat (36) for supporting the upper surface of the slide rail (34), a wing plate (38) is hinged on the slide seat (36), a limiting wheel (39) is rotatably connected to the wing plate (38), the limiting wheel (39) is embedded in the limiting groove (35), and a push assembly (4) is provided on the slide seat (36) for controlling the flipping of the wing plate (38).

3. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (4) includes a sleeve (43) hinged on the wing plate (38), a screw (42) is rotatably connected in the sleeve (43), a screw sleeve (41) is hinged on the slide seat (36), and the screw (42) is threadedly connected in the screw sleeve (41).

4. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 1, characterized in that: A jack (17) is provided below the experimental furnace (3). When the mounting seat (18) moves the frame column (19) into the experimental furnace (3), the jack (17) is located below the mounting seat (18).

5. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly (5) includes a second hydraulic cylinder (52) arranged at one end of the slide rail (34), the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (52) is fixedly connected to the slide seat (36), and the second hydraulic cylinder (52) can drive the mounting seat (18) to move on the slide rail (34).

6. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting seat (18) is provided with a support frame (6) for supporting the frame column (19), and two clamping plates (63) for clamping the frame column (19) are slidably provided on the support frame (6), and the experimental furnace (3) is provided with a control unit (7) for controlling the two clamping plates (63) to move closer to or farther away from each other.

7. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control unit (7) includes a first stud (71) rotatably connected to the support frame (6), the axial direction of the first stud (71) is parallel to the sliding direction of the clamp (63), and a first motor (72) for driving the first stud (71) to rotate is fixedly connected to the support frame (6), and two push blocks (62) are threadedly sleeved on the first stud (71), and the threaded sections of the first stud (71) corresponding to the two push blocks (62) have opposite rotation directions, the push blocks (62) correspond to the clamp (63) one by one, and the clamp (63) is fixedly connected to the corresponding push blocks (62).

8. A fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two furnace doors (33), and the two furnace doors (33) are arranged to be opened in opposite directions. A limiting ring (83) is fixedly connected to the two furnace doors (33). When the two furnace doors (33) are closed, the two limiting rings (83) are aligned with each other. The support frame (6) is provided with a movable seat (81) that slides along the axial direction of the limiting ring (83). A limiting rod (82) for simultaneously passing through the two limiting rings (83) is fixedly connected to the movable seat (81). A push rod (8) is hinged on the two push blocks (62). The ends of the two push rods (8) away from the corresponding push blocks (62) are hinged on the movable seat (81).

9. The fire simulation device for testing the mechanical properties of a substation frame column according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting seat (12) is provided on the frame (1) for vertical sliding, and the lifting seat (12) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (16). Two positioning plates (2) are provided on the lifting seat (12) for sliding. The top of the frame column (19) is detachably fixedly connected to a support column (25). The two positioning plates (2) are used to position the support column (25). Positioning grooves (21) for positioning the frame column (19) are provided on the opposite surfaces of the two positioning plates (2). A second stud (22) is fixedly connected to the lifting seat (12), and the second stud (22) passes through the two positioning plates (2) at the same time. The threaded sections of the second stud (22) corresponding to the positions of the two positioning plates (2) have opposite rotation directions. A second motor (24) for controlling the rotation of the second stud (22) is provided on the lifting seat (12).

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