A method for separating components after blood cell centrifugation

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for separating components after centrifugation of blood cells, which belongs to the field of medical technology. It is achieved by utilizing the photosensitivity of the sensor and the difference in relative light absorption of each component after blood cell separation; after centrifugation, the blood cells are separated into a red blood cell layer, a buffy coat, and platelet-poor plasma. When each phase passes through the sensor, the relative light absorption characteristics of each phase are different, thereby accurately monitoring the blood layer. When each phase of the present invention passes through the sensor, the light absorption characteristics of the blood components are different, and accurate blood layer monitoring is performed based on this principle. The composition of the prepared product phase and subphase can be changed by changing the preset hematocrit. The sensor pipeline part that matches the sensor is a flat pipeline with a cross-section that is close to a large and flat rounded rectangle. It is made of a material with good light transmittance such as polycarbonate, so that light of different wavelengths emitted by the LED light emitter can pass through the flat pipeline vertically and be received by the light receiver.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to a method for separating components of blood cells after centrifugation. Background Art

[0002] After blood cells are separated in the blood separation equipment on the market, the extraction (equivalent to extraction) of each phase component (equivalent to blood components, hereinafter referred to as each phase) is mostly achieved through time control or manual visual extraction;

[0003] By controlling the extraction of each phase over time, the thickness of each component after blood cell stratification varies due to the different volumes of prepared blood, making it difficult to accurately extract the blood layer, and thus it is difficult to guarantee the product composition (hereinafter referred to as product) and yield;

[0004] After blood cell separation, each phase is extracted visually. However, due to different visual angles, refraction occurs on the tube wall, making it difficult to accurately extract each phase and unable to guarantee the product composition and yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a method for separating components after blood cell centrifugation in order to solve the low precision caused by time control or manual visual extraction, ensure product components, and improve yield. The method can accurately determine the separation position of each phase.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for separating components of blood cells after centrifugation, which is achieved by utilizing the photosensitivity of the sensor and the differences in relative light absorption of each component after blood cell separation;

[0008] After centrifugation, blood cells are separated into the red blood cell layer, the buffy coat, and the platelet-poor plasma. When each phase passes through the sensor, the light absorption characteristics of each phase are different, thereby accurately monitoring the blood layer.

[0009] Furthermore, the specific process is as follows:

[0010] Select three signal transmitters a, b, and c, and two signal receivers e and f, where signal transmitter e receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitters a and b, and signal transmitter f receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitter c; the rectangular wave pulses emitted by each signal transmitter pass through the liquid after blood cell separation and are then received by the corresponding signal receiver;

[0011] The wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter a is 460nm-480nm, the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter b is 900nm-970nm, and the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter c is 1250nm-1350nm;

[0012] Signal transmitter c continuously transmits rectangular wave pulses with a period of 2T and a duty cycle of 0.5, which are received by signal receiver f; the rectangular wave pulses transmitted by signal transmitters a and b have opposite phases, and signal transmitters a and b alternately transmit rectangular wave pulses, and the transmission duration of both is T, which are received by signal receiver e;

[0013] When signal transmitters e and f can receive signals of three wavelengths, the liquid at the corresponding moment is platelet-poor plasma; when signal transmitters e and f can receive the rectangular wave pulses of signal transmitters b and c within 2T, the corresponding liquid is the buffy coat; when signal transmitters e and f can receive the rectangular wave pulses of signal transmitters a and c within 2T, the corresponding liquid is the red blood cell layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the strength of the rectangular wave pulses received by the signal receivers e and f is inversely proportional to the content of the bubbles at the corresponding positions.

[0015] Furthermore, the sensor pipeline portion of the signal transmitter is a flat pipeline that is almost parallel to the optical path; the flat pipeline is made of polycarbonate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention utilizes the differences in light absorption by different cells. During the centrifugation process, whole blood is separated into a red blood cell layer, a buffy coat layer, and a platelet-poor plasma layer. When each phase passes through the sensor, the light absorption characteristics of the blood components are different. Based on this principle, precise blood layer monitoring is performed. The composition of the prepared product phase and subphases can be changed by changing the preset hematocrit.

[0018] The sensor pipe part that matches the sensor is a flat pipe with a cross-section that is almost round and flat with rounded corners. It is made of a material with good light transmittance such as polycarbonate. Therefore, light of different wavelengths emitted by the LED light transmitter can pass vertically through the flat pipe and be received by the light receiver. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of determining blood components according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a structural cross-sectional view of a flat pipe in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the waveforms of signal 1 and signal 2 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of signal 31 and signal 32 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 3 is a flow chart of obtaining signal 311 through signal 31 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the waveforms of signal 5 and signal 6 in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the overall process in an embodiment of the present invention. Implementation Method

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] A method for separating components of blood cells after centrifugation, which is achieved by utilizing the photosensitivity of the sensor and the differences in relative light absorption of each component after blood cell separation;

[0029] After centrifugation, blood cells are separated into the red blood cell layer, the buffy coat, and the platelet-poor plasma. When each phase passes through the sensor, the light absorption characteristics of each phase are different, thereby accurately monitoring the blood layer.

[0030] Furthermore, the specific process is as follows:

[0031] Select three signal transmitters a, b, and c, and two signal receivers e and f, where signal transmitter e receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitters a and b, and signal transmitter f receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitter c; the rectangular wave pulses emitted by each signal transmitter pass through the liquid after blood cell separation and are then received by the corresponding signal receiver;

[0032] The wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter a is 460nm-480nm, the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter b is 900nm-970nm, and the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter c is 1250nm-1350nm;

[0033] Signal transmitter c continuously transmits rectangular wave pulses with a period of 2T and a duty cycle of 0.5, which are received by signal receiver f; the rectangular wave pulses transmitted by signal transmitters a and b have opposite phases, and signal transmitters a and b alternately transmit rectangular wave pulses, and the transmission duration of both is T, which are received by signal receiver e;

[0034] When signal transmitters e and f can receive signals of three wavelengths, the corresponding liquid is platelet-poor plasma; when signal transmitters e and f can receive the rectangular wave pulses of signal transmitters b and c within 2T, the corresponding liquid is the buffy coat; when signal transmitters e and f can receive the rectangular wave pulses of signal transmitters a and c within 2T, the corresponding liquid is the red blood cell layer.

[0035] Furthermore, the strength of the rectangular wave pulses received by the signal receivers e and f is inversely proportional to the content of the bubbles at the corresponding positions.

[0036] Furthermore, the sensor pipeline portion of the signal transmitter is a flat pipeline that is almost parallel to the optical path; the flat pipeline is made of polycarbonate.

[0037] The following is a more specific embodiment:

[0038] The design principle of this embodiment is that different substances have different absorption of light. The target products of separation components are red blood cell layer, buffy coat, and platelet-poor plasma, which have different absorption of three wavelengths of light: 460-480nm (wavelength is marked as a), 900-970nm (wavelength is marked as b), and 1250-1350nm (wavelength is marked as c). Figure 1 As shown, accurate blood layer monitoring is performed, and the composition of the prepared product phase and subphase can be changed by changing the preset hematocrit.

[0039] The system consists of three LED optical signal generators that emit regularly pulsed light. This light passes through a flat tube containing centrifuged blood products. Different light components transmit different amounts of light, allowing the contents of the tube to be distinguished. However, due to existing hardware limitations, the signal receivers for wavelengths a and b are the same, making it impossible to directly distinguish the two wavelengths. Therefore, the principle of time-division multiplexing is used to distinguish the two optical signals.

[0040] In order to achieve the purpose of time-division multiplexing, signal generator 1 (wavelength a) (called signal 1) and signal generator 2 (wavelength b) (called signal 2) use two complementary rectangular wave pulses (period is 2T, duty cycle is 0.5), as shown in Figure 2 As shown, since both are received by the same signal receiver (signal receiver 1) (called signal 3), the first half cycle and the second half cycle of signal receiver 1 represent the reception conditions of signal generator 1 and signal generator 2 respectively. The output signal of signal receiver 1 is ANDed with the signal of signal generator 1 and the signal of signal generator 2 respectively to obtain the reception conditions of signal generator 1 and signal generator 2, as shown in Figure 3 As shown, the purpose of using one signal receiver to distinguish two signal generators is achieved.

[0041] Because time-division multiplexing causes signal generator 1 and signal generator 2 to be received at different times, they cannot be used directly to analyze the composition of the substance. In this example, signal generator 3 (called signal 4) and signal generator 2 use the same signal source, so it is only necessary to delay the signal generator 1's signal reception by 1T. The specific implementation method is to perform an "AND" operation on signal 3 and signal 1 to obtain signal 31; and perform an "AND" operation on signal 3 and signal 2 to obtain signal 32, as shown in the following example: Figure 3 shown.

[0042] The signal 31 passes through the D flip-flop twice, and the signal 31 is delayed by T to obtain the signal 311, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, it should be noted that the clock signal of the D flip-flop (called signal 5) has a period of T and a duty cycle of 0.5. The clock of the second D flip-flop (called signal 6) is obtained by taking the "not" operation of the first clock signal, as shown in Figure 5 As shown. Finally, the signal 311, signal 32 and signal 7 are used to determine the composition of the material in the flat pipe. The presence and size of bubbles in the pipe can also be determined by analyzing the signal strength.

[0043] After the entire operation process, such as Figure 6 , we can accurately determine the composition of the material, improve the yield, and lay the foundation for subsequent applications.

Claims

1. A method for separating components after blood cell centrifugation, characterized in that: This is achieved by utilizing the photosensitivity of the sensor and the differences in relative light absorption of each component after blood cell separation; After centrifugation, blood cells are separated into red blood cell layer, buffy coat, and platelet-poor plasma. When each phase passes through the sensor, the light absorption characteristics of each phase are different, so the blood layer can be accurately monitored. Select three signal transmitters a, b, and c, and two signal receivers e and f, where signal receiver e receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitters a and b, and signal receiver f receives the rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitter c; the rectangular wave pulses emitted by each signal transmitter pass through the liquid after blood cell separation and are then received by the corresponding signal receiver; The wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter a is 460nm-480nm, the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter b is 900nm-970nm, and the wavelength of the rectangular wave pulse emitted by signal transmitter c is 1250nm-1350nm; Signal transmitter c continuously transmits rectangular wave pulses with a period of 2T and a duty cycle of 0.5, which are received by signal receiver f; the rectangular wave pulses transmitted by signal transmitters a and b have opposite phases, and signal transmitters a and b alternately transmit rectangular wave pulses, and the transmission duration of both is T, which are received by signal receiver e; When signal receivers e and f are able to receive signals of three wavelengths, the liquid at that location at the corresponding moment is platelet-poor plasma; when signal receivers e and f are able to receive rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitters b and c within 2T, the liquid at that location at the corresponding moment is the buffy coat; when signal receivers e and f are able to receive rectangular wave pulses from signal transmitters a and c within 2T, the liquid at that location at the corresponding moment is the red blood cell layer.

2. A method for separating components after blood cell centrifugation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strength of the rectangular wave pulses received by signal receivers e and f is inversely proportional to the bubble content at that position at the corresponding moment.

3. A method for separating components after blood cell centrifugation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor pipeline portion of the signal transmitter is a flat pipeline with a low refractive index; the material of the flat pipeline is polycarbonate.

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