A precision compensation method and detection tooling for BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tools

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mechanical processing technology, and more specifically, to a precision compensation method and detection tooling for a BA-type swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. By using a self-made detection tooling and recording the coordinate values ​​of the A-axis and the B-axis when in contact with the detection tooling, the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction, the component Y0 along the Y direction, the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction, the component X0 along the X direction, and the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction are calculated to compensate for the RTCP precision of the BA-type swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. The method has simple and convenient operation, high detection efficiency, and precise measurement, and effectively avoids errors caused by human factors during the measurement process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and in particular to a precision compensation method and detection tooling for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of aviation manufacturing technology, the design of aircraft parts has become more and more complex, and the required processing accuracy has been continuously improved. Five-axis CNC machine tools have the advantages of maintaining the best cutting state of the tool, improving cutting conditions, effectively avoiding tool interference, and reducing the number of parts clamping. Therefore, they are used as the main equipment for aircraft parts processing. As one of the structural types, the BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool has the advantages of high cutting power and high torque. It is usually used for the processing of difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium alloys and steel parts. Its structure is: the B axis rotates around the Y axis, and the A axis rotates around the X axis, and the rotation of the B axis can change the rotation direction of the A axis. It is precisely because of this design that the travel of the two swing heads of BA is limited. The common travel of this type of machine tool is generally ±30°.

[0003] As a key technical indicator of the accuracy of five-axis CNC machine tools, RTCP accuracy is of great importance. The traditional method of testing the RTCP accuracy of BA swing head five-axis CNC machine tools is mainly to use tools such as ball head test rods and micrometers for manual testing. The specific inspection method is as follows:

[0004] 1. Check the component z0 of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis along the Z direction. Assume that the length of the ball head test rod to the center of the ball is l0 and the radius of the ball head is r0. Figure 1 As shown, install the ball head inspection rod to the main spindle, set up the micrometer along the Y direction, keep B = 0° and swing A to 30°, move the machine tool so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the pressure gauge reading Δy1, and record the current Y coordinate value of the machine tool y1. Then lift the machine tool to a safe height in the Z direction, keep B = 0° and swing A to -30°, move the machine tool again so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the pressure gauge reading Δy2, make Δy1 = Δy2, and record the current Y coordinate value of the machine tool y2, then z0 = y2-y1+2r0-l0.

[0005] 2. Check the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component y0 along the Y direction, such as Figure 2 As shown, set up the micrometer along the Z direction, keep B = 0° and swing A to 30°, move the machine tool so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the pressure gauge reading Δz1, and record the current Z coordinate value of the machine tool z1. Then lift the machine tool to a safe height in the Z direction, keep B = 0° and swing A to -30°, move the machine tool again, so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the pressure gauge reading Δz2, make Δz1 = Δz2, and record the current Z coordinate value of the machine tool z2, then y0 = z2-z1.

[0006] 3. Check the component z0' of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis along the Z direction. Similar to step ①, set up the micrometer along the Y direction, keep A = 0° and swing B to 30°, move the machine tool so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the gauge reading Δx1, and record the current X-axis coordinate value x1 of the machine tool. Then lift the machine tool to a safe height in the Z direction, keep A = 0° and swing B to -30°, move the machine tool again so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the gauge reading Δx2, make Δx1 = Δx2, and record the current X-axis coordinate value x2 of the machine tool, then z0' = x2-x1+2r0-l0.

[0007] 4. Check the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component along the X direction. Similar to step ②, set up the micrometer along the Z direction, keep A = 0° and swing B to 30°, move the machine tool so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the gauge reading Δz1', and record the current Z coordinate value of the machine tool z1'. Then lift the machine tool to a safe height in the Z direction, keep A = 0° and swing B to -30°, move the machine tool again so that the highest point of the ball head presses the gauge, record the gauge reading Δz2', make Δz1' = Δz2', and record the current Z coordinate value of the machine tool z2', then x0 = z2'-z1'.

[0008] 5. Calculate the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis, that is, the component Δz0 along the Z direction, Δz0 = z0'-z0.

[0009] Since the above method requires multiple manual movements of the machine tool to realize the ball head pressure gauge, it is necessary to find the highest point of the ball head and rotate the BA swing head to specific positions, the detection efficiency is low, human errors are easily introduced during the detection process and it is not universal. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In response to the above-mentioned problems of low detection efficiency, easy introduction of human errors during the detection process and lack of universality, the present invention proposes a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method and detection tooling. By making a homemade detection tooling and recording the coordinate values ​​of the A-axis and B-axis when they are in contact with the detection tooling, the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction, the component Y0 along the Y direction, the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction, the component X0 along the X direction, and the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction are calculated to compensate for the RTCP precision of the BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. The method has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high detection efficiency, accurate measurement, and effectively avoiding errors caused by human factors in the measurement process.

[0011] The specific implementation contents of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] A method for compensating the accuracy of a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool comprises the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Place the inspection fixture on the machine tool workbench, level it along the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in sequence, and then fix the inspection fixture to the workbench with screws;

[0014] Step 2: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis based on the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the first contact surface a and the second contact surface b of the detection fixture. This vector is recorded as the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction.

[0015] Step 3: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis based on the Z-axis coordinate values ​​when the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e and the second measuring surface f of the inspection fixture plane. This is recorded as the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction.

[0016] Step 4: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis based on the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the third contact surface c and the fourth contact surface d of the detection fixture. This vector is recorded as the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction.

[0017] Step 5: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis based on the Z-axis coordinate values ​​when the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g and the fourth measuring surface h of the inspection fixture. This is recorded as the X-axis component X0 of the B-axis axis.

[0018] Step 6: Calculate the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis to obtain the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction;

[0019] Step 7: Input the obtained component Z0, component Y0, component Z0', component X0, and component ΔZ0 into the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, correct the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, and compensate for the RTCP accuracy of the machine tool.

[0020] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 21: Move the machine tool to the set position and rotate the A-axis forward until the measuring head contacts the first contact surface a of the inspection fixture. Record the absolute value α1 of the current A-axis coordinate.

[0022] Step 22: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the second contact surface b of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value α2 of the current A-axis coordinate;

[0023] Step 23: Calculate the Z-direction component Z0 of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a and the second contact surface b, the vertical distance l between the center of the ball head of the spindle end face measuring head, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value α1 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 21, and the absolute value α2 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 22.

[0024] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0025] Step 31: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ2;

[0026] Step 32: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z2;

[0027] Step 33: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ1;

[0028] Step 34: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the second measuring surface f of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z1;

[0029] Step 35: Calculate the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a and the second contact surface, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value θ2 of the A-axis forward rotation angle obtained in step 31, the Z-axis coordinate value Z2 obtained in step 32, the absolute value θ1 of the A-axis reverse rotation angle obtained in step 33, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z1 obtained in step 34.

[0030] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 41: Move the machine tool spindle to the set position, rotate the B axis forward until the measuring head contacts the third contact surface c of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value β1 of the current B axis coordinate;

[0032] Step 42: Rotate the B-axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the fourth contact surface d of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value β2 of the current B-axis coordinate;

[0033] Step 43: Calculate the Z0' component of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis along the Z direction based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c and the fourth contact surface, the vertical distance l between the ball head center of the spindle end face measuring head, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value β1 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 41, and the absolute value β2 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 42.

[0034] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the step 5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 51: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ4;

[0036] Step 52: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z4;

[0037] Step 53: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ3;

[0038] Step 54: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the fourth measuring surface h of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z3;

[0039] Step 55: Calculate the component X0 of the B-axis along the X direction based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c and the fourth contact surface d, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value θ4 of the positive rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 51, the Z-axis coordinate value Z4 obtained in step 52, the absolute value θ3 of the negative rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 53, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z3 obtained in step 54.

[0040] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the measuring head is a Renishaw RMP60 measuring head.

[0041] In order to better implement the present invention, further, the length of the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a and the second contact surface b is greater than or equal to 400 mm.

[0042] In order to better implement the present invention, it is further characterized in that the length of the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c and the fourth contact surface d is greater than or equal to 400 mm.

[0043] In order to better realize the present invention, further, based on the above-mentioned BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method, a detection tool is proposed, including a first measuring table, a second measuring table, a third measuring table, a fourth measuring table, and a fixed bracket;

[0044] The fixed bracket is a "cross" structure, and the first measuring platform, the second measuring platform, the third measuring platform, and the fourth measuring platform are fixed at the four vertices of the "cross" structure, and the heights of the first measuring platform, the second measuring platform, the third measuring platform, and the fourth measuring platform are equal;

[0045] The first measuring platform comprises a first measuring surface e and a first contact surface a which are perpendicular to each other;

[0046] The second measuring platform comprises a second measuring surface f and a second contact surface b which are perpendicular to each other;

[0047] The first measuring platform includes a third measuring surface g and a third contact surface c which are perpendicular to each other;

[0048] The first measuring platform includes a fourth measuring surface h and a fourth contact surface d which are perpendicular to each other;

[0049] The vertical distance between the first and second measuring platforms is equal to the vertical distance between the third and fourth measuring platforms.

[0050] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] (1) The present invention realizes the compensation of RTCP accuracy of BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool by recording the measurement results in the form of parameters. It is simple and convenient to operate, has high detection efficiency and accurate measurement, and effectively avoids errors caused by human factors in the measurement process.

[0052] (2) The present invention uses a self-made detection fixture to record the coordinate values ​​of the A-axis and the B-axis when they are in contact with the detection fixture, and calculates the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction, the component Y0 along the Y direction, the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction, the component X0 along the X direction, and the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction, thereby compensating for the RTCP accuracy of the BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool, reducing manual intervention in the detection process, and realizing rapid and accurate detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ball head check rod and the main shaft when the micrometer is set up along the Y direction in the prior art;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ball head inspection rod and the main shaft when the micrometer is set up along the Z direction in the prior art;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the RMP60 measuring head structure;

[0056] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the detection tooling structure;

[0057] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the measuring head and detection fixture structure when measuring the component Z0 of the A-axis along the Z direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 This is an equivalent plane diagram of the positional relationship between the measuring head and the detection fixture when measuring the component Z0 of the A-axis along the Z direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the measuring head and detection fixture structure when measuring the component Y0 of the A-axis along the Y direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 This is an equivalent plan view of the positional relationship between the measuring head and the detection fixture when measuring the component Y0 of the A-axis along the Y direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the measuring head and detection fixture structure when measuring the component Z0' of the B-axis along the Z direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 10 This is an equivalent plane diagram of the positional relationship between the measuring head and the detection fixture when measuring the component Z0' of the B-axis along the Z direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the measuring head and detection fixture structure when measuring the component X0 of the B-axis along the X direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 12 2 is an equivalent plane diagram of the positional relationship between the measuring head and the detection fixture when measuring the component X0 of the B-axis along the X direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Among them, 1. first measuring platform, 2. second measuring platform, 3. third measuring platform, 4. fourth measuring platform, 5. fixed bracket, 11. first measuring surface e, 12. first contact surface a, 21. second measuring surface f, 22. first contact surface b, 31. third measuring surface g, 32. third contact surface c, 41. fourth measuring surface h, 42. fourth contact surface d. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope of protection. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technical personnel in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections, electrical connections; direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] This embodiment proposes a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method, such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0070] Step 1: Place the inspection fixture on the machine tool workbench, level it along the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in sequence, and then fix the inspection fixture to the workbench with screws;

[0071] Step 2: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis based on the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the first contact surface a12 and the second contact surface b22 of the detection fixture. This vector is recorded as the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction.

[0072] Step 3: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis based on the Z-axis coordinate values ​​when the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e11 and the second measuring surface f21 of the inspection fixture plane. This is recorded as the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction.

[0073] Step 4: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis based on the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the third contact surface c32 and the fourth contact surface d42 of the detection fixture. This vector is recorded as the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction.

[0074] Step 5: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis based on the Z-axis coordinate values ​​when the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g31 and the fourth measuring surface h41 of the inspection fixture. This is recorded as the X-axis component X0 of the B-axis axis.

[0075] Step 6: Calculate the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis to obtain the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction;

[0076] Step 7: Input the obtained component Z0, component Y0, component Z0', component X0, and component ΔZ0 into the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, correct the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, and compensate for the RTCP accuracy of the machine tool.

[0077] Working principle: This embodiment sets up a detection fixture and records the coordinate values ​​of the A-axis and B-axis when they are in contact with the detection fixture to calculate the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction, the component Y0 along the Y direction, the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction, the component X0 along the X direction, and the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction, thereby compensating for the RTCP accuracy of the BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. The operation is simple and convenient, the detection efficiency is high, the measurement is accurate, and errors caused by human factors during the measurement process are effectively avoided.

[0078] Example 2:

[0079] This embodiment is based on the above embodiment 1. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, the specific steps of step 2 are described.

[0080] The step 2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 21: Move the machine tool to the set position and rotate the A-axis forward until the measuring head contacts the first contact surface a12 of the inspection fixture. Record the absolute value α1 of the current A-axis coordinate.

[0082] Step 22: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the second contact surface b22 of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value α2 of the current A-axis coordinate;

[0083] Step 23: Based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a12 and the second contact surface 22, the vertical distance l between the center of the ball head of the spindle end face measuring head, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, and the absolute value α1 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 21 and the absolute value α2 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 22, calculate the component Z0 of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis along the Z direction.

[0084] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0085] Example 3:

[0086] This embodiment is based on any one of the above embodiments 1-2. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 , explain the specific steps of step 3.

[0087] The step 3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0088] Step 31: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ2;

[0089] Step 32: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface 11e of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z2;

[0090] Step 33: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ1;

[0091] Step 34: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the second measuring surface 21f of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z1;

[0092] Step 35: Calculate the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a12 and the second contact surface 22, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ2 obtained in step 31, the Z-axis coordinate value Z2 obtained in step 32, the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ1 obtained in step 33, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z1 obtained in step 34.

[0093] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any of the above embodiments 1-2, so it will not be repeated here.

[0094] Example 4:

[0095] This embodiment is based on any one of the above embodiments 1-3. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 As shown, step 4 is explained.

[0096] The step 4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0097] Step 41: Move the machine tool spindle to the set position, rotate the B-axis forward until the measuring head contacts the third contact surface c32 of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value β1 of the current B-axis coordinate;

[0098] Step 42: Rotate the B-axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the fourth contact surface 42d of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value β2 of the current B-axis coordinate;

[0099] Step 43: Calculate the Z-direction component Z0' of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c32 and the fourth contact surface d42, the vertical distance l between the center of the ball head of the spindle end face measuring head, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, and the absolute value β1 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 41 and the absolute value β2 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 42.

[0100] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any of the above embodiments 1-3, so it will not be repeated here.

[0101] Example 5:

[0102] This embodiment is based on any one of the above embodiments 1-4. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown, the specific steps of step 5 are explained.

[0103] The step 5 specifically includes the following steps:

[0104] Step 51: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ4;

[0105] Step 52: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface 31g of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z4;

[0106] Step 53: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ3;

[0107] Step 54: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the fourth measuring surface 41h of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z3;

[0108] Step 55: Calculate the component X0 of the B-axis along the X direction based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c32 and the fourth contact surface 42d, the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value of the positive rotation angle θ4 of the A-axis obtained in step 51, the Z-axis coordinate value Z4 obtained in step 52, the absolute value of the negative rotation angle θ3 of the A-axis obtained in step 53, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z3 obtained in step 54.

[0109] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any of the above embodiments 1-4, so it will not be repeated here.

[0110] Example 6:

[0111] This embodiment is based on any one of the above embodiments 1-5. Figure 4 As shown, a detection tool is proposed.

[0112] The detection tooling includes a first measuring platform 1, a second measuring platform 2, a third measuring platform 3, a fourth measuring platform 4, and a fixed bracket 5;

[0113] The fixing bracket 5 is a cross-shaped structure, and the first measuring platform 1, the second measuring platform 2, the third measuring platform 3, and the fourth measuring platform 4 are fixed at the four vertices of the cross-shaped structure, and the first measuring platform 1, the second measuring platform 2, the third measuring platform 3, and the fourth measuring platform 4 are at the same height;

[0114] The first measuring platform 1 includes a first measuring surface e11 and a first contact surface a12 that are perpendicular to each other;

[0115] The second measuring platform 2 includes a second measuring surface f11 and a second contact surface b12 that are perpendicular to each other;

[0116] The first measuring platform 3 includes a third measuring surface g11 and a third contact surface c12 which are perpendicular to each other;

[0117] The first measuring platform 4 includes a fourth measuring surface h11 and a fourth contact surface d12 which are perpendicular to each other;

[0118] The vertical distance between the first measuring platform 1 and the second measuring platform 2 is equal to the vertical distance between the third measuring platform 3 and the fourth measuring platform 4 .

[0119] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any of the above embodiments 1-5, so it will not be repeated here.

[0120] Example 7:

[0121] This embodiment is based on any one of the above embodiments 1-6. Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the Renishaw RMP60 measurement head is taken as an example for detailed explanation.

[0122] Working principle: This embodiment proposes a precision compensation method for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool, which can realize automated measurement, reduce manual intervention, and perform detection quickly and accurately. It can be used as a general detection method for the RTCP accuracy of this type of machine tool.

[0123] The specific implementation is as follows:

[0124] 1. Detection tools

[0125] The detection tools used in this embodiment are: Renishaw RMP60 measuring head and self-made detection tooling, referred to as tooling. The dimensions of the Renishaw RMP60 measuring head are as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, l is the vertical distance from the spindle end face to the center of the ball head of the RMP60 measuring head, and r is the radius of the ball head of the RMP60 measuring head; the self-made detection tooling is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the tooling material is aluminum alloy and is fixed to the machine tool workbench with screws. The main dimensional parameters are: the distance between the two opposite inner sides is L, L>=400mm, and the four planes, the first measuring surface e11, the second measuring surface f21, the third measuring surface g31, and the fourth measuring surface h41, are of the same height.

[0126] 2. Detection steps

[0127] Installation of inspection tools. Place the fixture on the machine table, level it along the XY / XZ / YZ planes, and secure it to the table with screws. Install the Renishaw RMP60 probe onto the spindle and activate it.

[0128] Check the Z component of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis along the Z direction, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, when A=0° and B=0°, the machine tool moves to the appropriate position, and the A-axis rotates in the positive direction. When the measuring head contacts the first contact surface a11 of the tooling, the absolute value α1 of the current A-axis coordinate is recorded. Then, the A-axis rotates in the opposite direction. When the measuring head contacts the second contact surface b21 of the tooling, the absolute value α2 of the current A-axis coordinate is recorded. Figure 6 As shown, triangle EFG is an isosceles triangle, then α4=90-α2, l IF =L-2r, Where α4 is the size of ∠EFI, α3 is the size of ∠GFI, l IF is the length of line segment IF, l GF is the distance between the sphere centers when the RMP60 measuring head touches the first contact surface a11 and the second contact surface b21 respectively, l EF is the length of the perpendicular line from the center of the RMP60 measuring head to the A-axis axis. The vector component Z0 of the perpendicular line from the center point of the spindle end face to the A-axis axis along the Z direction has the following relationship:

[0129]

[0130] Check the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component Y0 along the Y direction, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first measuring surface e11 and the second measuring surface f21 are at the same height. When A = 0° and B = 0°, move the machine tool to a suitable position, rotate the A axis in the positive direction by a certain angle, record the absolute value of the angle θ2, move the Z axis, and when the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e11 of the tooling, record the current Z axis coordinate value Z2. Then, rotate the A axis in the negative direction by a certain angle, record the absolute value of the angle θ1, move the Z axis, and when the measuring head contacts the second measuring surface f21 of the tooling, record the current Z axis coordinate value Z1. Then we have l PT =l ST cosθ1-l PR =l JK cosθ2-l OJ sinθ2-l OT sinθ1, where l PR =Z2-Z1, such as Figure 8 As shown, point O is the actual position of the A-axis, l ST With l JKThe length of the perpendicular line from the center of the RMP60 measuring head to the A-axis axis is Figure 6 l in EF , l PT is the length of line segment PT, l PR is the length of line segment PR, l OJ With l OT If they are equal, both represent the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component Y0 along the Y direction, then the following relationship holds:

[0131]

[0132] Check the Z-axis component Z0' of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis, as shown in the following example: Figure 9 As shown in the figure, when A=0° and B=0°, the machine tool is moved to a suitable position, the B axis rotates forward, and when the measuring head contacts the third contact surface c32 of the tooling, the absolute value β1 of the current B axis coordinate is recorded. Then the B axis rotates in the opposite direction, and when the measuring head contacts the fourth contact surface d42 of the tooling, the absolute value β2 of the current B axis coordinate is recorded. Figure 10 As shown, triangle E'F'G' is an isosceles triangle, then β4=90-β2, l I'F' =L-2r, Where β4 is the size of ∠E'F'I', β3 is the size of ∠G'F'I', l I'F' is the length of line segment I'F', l G'F' is the distance between the sphere centers when the RMP60 measuring head touches the third contact surface c32 and the fourth contact surface d42 respectively, l E'F' is the length of the perpendicular line from the center of the RMP60 measuring head to the B-axis axis. The component Z0' of the vector perpendicular to the B-axis axis from the center of the spindle end face has the following relationship along the Z direction:

[0133]

[0134] Check the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component X0 along the X direction, such as Figure 11 As shown, the third measuring surface g31 is at the same height as plane h. When A=0° and B=0°, move the machine tool to a suitable position, rotate the A axis in the positive direction by a certain angle, record the absolute value of the angle θ4, move the Z axis, and when the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g31 of the tooling, record the current Z axis coordinate value Z4. Then rotate the A axis in the negative direction by a certain angle, record the absolute value of the angle θ3, move the Z axis, and when the measuring head contacts the fourth measuring surface h41 of the tooling, record the current Z axis coordinate value Z3. Then we have l P'T' =l S'T' cosθ3-l P'R' =l J'K' cosθ4-l O'J'sinθ4-l O'T' sinθ3, where l P'R' =Z4-Z3, such as Figure 12 As shown, point O' is the actual position of the B axis, l S'T' With l J'K' The length of the perpendicular line from the center of the RMP60 measuring head to the B-axis axis is Figure 9 l in E'F' , l P'T' is the length of line segment P'T', l P'R' is the length of line segment P'R', l O'J' With l O'T' If they are equal, both represent the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis, that is, the component X0 along the X direction, then the following relationship holds:

[0135]

[0136] Calculate the common perpendicular line from the axis of the A-axis to the axis of the B-axis, that is, the component ΔZ0 along the Z direction, and then ΔZ0=Z0'-Z0.

[0137] The compensation method is the same as the traditional one. Depending on the measurement situation, the measurement results from steps 2, 3, 5, and 6 are input into the corresponding machine tool parameters and activated. Because the measurement process is automated and the data is stored as parameters in the machine tool, automatic compensation of the machine tool's RTCP accuracy can also be achieved through programming.

[0138] Using the method described in this embodiment, the above-mentioned algorithm can be added to the measurement program, and the measurement results can be recorded in the form of parameters to achieve one-click automatic measurement and compensation of the RTCP accuracy of the BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool. It is simple and convenient to operate, has high detection efficiency, and accurate measurement, and can effectively avoid errors caused by human factors during the measurement process.

[0139] The rest of this embodiment is the same as any of the above embodiments 1-6, so it will not be repeated here.

[0140] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent change made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision compensation method for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Place the inspection fixture on the machine tool workbench, level it along the XY plane, XZ plane, and YZ plane in sequence, and then fix the inspection fixture to the workbench with screws; Step 2: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis according to the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the first contact surface a (12) and the second contact surface b (22) of the detection fixture, which is recorded as the component Z0 of the A-axis axis along the Z direction; Step 3: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the spindle axis according to the Z-axis coordinate value when the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e(11) and the second measuring surface f(21) of the detection fixture plane, which is recorded as the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction; Step 4: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis according to the absolute value of the contact between the A-axis and the third contact surface c (32) and the fourth contact surface d (42) of the detection fixture, which is recorded as the component Z0' of the B-axis axis along the Z direction; Step 5: Rotate the A-axis and obtain the common perpendicular line from the B-axis axis to the spindle axis according to the Z-axis coordinate value when the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g (31) and the fourth measuring surface h (41) of the detection fixture, which is recorded as the component X0 of the B-axis axis along the X direction; Step 6: Calculate the common perpendicular line from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis to obtain the component ΔZ0 from the A-axis axis to the B-axis axis along the Z direction; Step 7: Input the obtained component Z0, component Y0, component Z0', component X0, and component ΔZ0 into the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, correct the corresponding parameters of the machine tool, and compensate for the RTCP accuracy of the machine tool.

2. A BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: described Step 2 specifically includes the following steps: Step 21: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A axis forward until the measuring head contacts the first contact surface a (12) of the detection fixture, and record the absolute value α1 of the current A axis coordinate; Step 22: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the second contact surface b (22) of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value α2 of the current A-axis coordinate; Step 23: Calculate the component Z0 of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the A-axis axis along the Z direction based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a (12) and the second contact surface b (22), the vertical distance l between the center of the ball head of the spindle end face measuring head, the radius r of the ball head of the measuring head, and the absolute value α1 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 21 and the absolute value α2 of the A-axis coordinate obtained in step 22.

3. The precision compensation method for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: described Step 3 specifically includes the following steps: Step 31: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ2; Step 32: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the first measuring surface e (11) of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z2; Step 33: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ1; Step 34: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the second measuring surface f (21) of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z1; Step 35: Calculate the component Y0 of the A-axis axis along the Y direction based on the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a (12) and the second contact surface b (22), the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value θ2 of the positive rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 31, the Z-axis coordinate value Z2 obtained in step 32, the absolute value θ1 of the negative rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 33, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z1 obtained in step 34.

4. A BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: described Step 4 specifically includes the following steps: Step 41: Move the machine tool spindle to the set position, rotate the B axis forward until the measuring head contacts the third contact surface c (32) of the detection fixture, and record the absolute value β1 of the current B axis coordinate; Step 42: Rotate the B axis in the opposite direction until the measuring head contacts the fourth contact surface d (42) of the inspection fixture, and record the absolute value β2 of the current B axis coordinate; Step 43: Calculate the component Z0' of the vector from the center point of the spindle end face to the perpendicular line of the B-axis axis along the Z direction based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c (32) and the fourth contact surface d (42), the vertical distance l between the center of the ball head of the spindle end face measuring head, the radius r of the ball head of the measuring head, and the absolute value β1 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 41 and the absolute value β2 of the B-axis coordinate obtained in step 42.

5. The precision compensation method for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: described Step 5 specifically includes the following steps: Step 51: Move the machine tool to the set position, rotate the A-axis forward, and record the absolute value of the A-axis forward rotation angle θ4; Step 52: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the third measuring surface g (31) of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z4; Step 53: Rotate the A-axis in the opposite direction and record the absolute value of the A-axis reverse rotation angle θ3; Step 54: Move the Z axis until the measuring head contacts the fourth measuring surface h (41) of the inspection fixture plane, and record the current Z axis coordinate value Z3; Step 55: Calculate the component X0 of the B-axis along the X direction based on the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c (32) and the fourth contact surface d (42), the ball head radius r of the measuring head, the absolute value θ4 of the positive rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 51, the Z-axis coordinate value Z4 obtained in step 52, the absolute value θ3 of the negative rotation angle of the A-axis obtained in step 53, and the Z-axis coordinate value Z3 obtained in step 54.

6. A precision compensation method for a BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The measuring head is a Renishaw RMP60 measuring head.

7. A BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The length of the vertical distance L between the first contact surface a (12) and the second contact surface b (22) is greater than or equal to 400 mm.

8. A BA swing head vertical five-axis CNC machine tool precision compensation method as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The length of the vertical distance L between the third contact surface c (32) and the fourth contact surface d (42) is greater than or equal to 400 mm.

9. A detection tool, characterized in that: It comprises a first measuring platform (1), a second measuring platform (2), a third measuring platform (3), a fourth measuring platform (4), and a fixing bracket (5); The fixed bracket (5) is a "cross"-shaped structure, and the first measuring platform (1), the second measuring platform (2), the third measuring platform (3), and the fourth measuring platform (4) are fixed at the four vertices of the "cross"-shaped structure and are formed integrally with the fixed bracket (5), and the first measuring platform (1), the second measuring platform (2), the third measuring platform (3), and the fourth measuring platform (4) are of equal height; The first measuring platform (1) comprises a first measuring surface e (11) and a first contact surface a (12) which are perpendicular to each other; The second measuring platform (2) comprises a second measuring surface f (21) and a second contact surface b (22) which are perpendicular to each other; The third measuring platform (3) comprises a third measuring surface g (31) and a third contact surface c (32) perpendicular to each other; The fourth measuring platform (4) comprises a fourth measuring surface h (41) and a fourth contact surface d (42) perpendicular to each other; The vertical distance between the first measuring platform (1) and the second measuring platform (2) is equal to the vertical distance between the third measuring platform (3) and the fourth measuring platform (4).

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