Horizontal assembly tooling and method for large double-layer shell

Abstract

The present invention relates to a horizontal assembly tool and assembly method for a large double-layer shell, which solves the technical problems of interference and difficulty in assembly when hoisting and assembling a long double-layer shell. The tool comprises a base, a square rail, and at least one movable shell support seat; a first guide rail support seat is installed at the rear end of the base, a second guide rail support seat is installed at the middle of the base, and a stationary shell support seat is provided between the first and second guide rail support seats of the base; at least one guide rail moving trolley is movably provided on the slide rail; the top of the first guide rail support seat is rotatably connected to the end of the square rail, and at least one movable shell support seat is movably provided on the square rail; a stationary shell support roller and a locking device with an axial direction extending forward and backward are installed on the top of the stationary shell support seat; the second guide rail support seat is rotatably installed on the base and can be positioned in the vertical direction to support the square rail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a horizontal assembly tool and an assembly method for a large double-layer shell, and in particular to solving the assembly problem of a large and long double-layer shell with inner and outer ring ribs. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of technology, materials science and mechanical design, double-layer shells are widely used in various products due to their excellent pressure resistance and functionality. At the same time, the assembly requirements and difficulty of such products are also increasing.

[0003] Specifically, the technical problems existing in the existing assembly method are as follows:

[0004] 1) The current mainstream double-layer shell structure mainly adopts the vertical lifting method during assembly. This method has high requirements for site and equipment. When assembling large double-layer shells, due to the large volume and weight, it is difficult to meet the on-site conditions and there are safety risks.

[0005] 2) Large double-layer shells often contain internal and external structural reinforcement ribs, the end faces are flange structures, and there are multiple O-ring structures between the two shells. During assembly, there is interference, large resistance, and difficulty in passing. At the same time, it is difficult to control the angular phase.

[0006] 3) Large double-layer shells are generally long in length, large in diameter and weight. Due to their own weight, they may deform, causing the center axis of the shell to move downward or deviate, causing interference between the inner and outer shells and making assembly difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of interference and difficulty in assembling a long double-layer shell during hoisting and assembling, and provides a horizontal assembly tool and an assembly method for the large double-layer shell.

[0008] The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell of the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solution: a horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell, comprising a base, a square rail and at least one movable shell support seat; the base is oriented forward and backward, a first guide rail support seat is installed at the rear end of the base, a second guide rail support seat is installed at the middle of the base, and a stationary shell support seat is provided between the first and second guide rail support seats of the base; a slide rail oriented forward and backward is provided on the base in a direction extending from the second guide rail support seat to the front end of the base, and at least one guide rail moving trolley is movably provided on the slide rail;

[0009] The top of the first guide rail support seat is rotatably connected to the end of the square rail, and the direction of the square rail is the same as that of the base; at least one moving housing support seat is movably arranged on the square rail;

[0010] The top of the stationary shell support seat is equipped with a stationary shell support roller and a locking device with an axial direction running forward and backward;

[0011] The second guide rail support seat is rotatably mounted on the base and can be positioned in the vertical direction to support the square rail;

[0012] The guide rail motion trolley includes a trolley base and an upper support portion with adjustable height. The upper support portion can be adjusted laterally on the trolley base in a direction perpendicular to the slide rail, and the upper support portion and the trolley base are detachably connected.

[0013] The square rail can be supported by the first and second guide rail support seats and the guide rail moving trolley. The second guide rail support seat can be rotated and positioned, and the upper support portion of the guide rail moving trolley can be removed. Therefore, the second guide rail support seat and the guide rail moving trolley can alternately support each other, thereby enabling the inner and outer shells to be fitted onto the outside of the square rail for assembly. The stationary shell support seat is used to support the outer shell, and the stationary shell support rollers on it can rotate to adjust the radial position of the outer shell. The moving shell support seat is used to support the inner shell and transport it to the location of the outer shell. The guide rail moving trolley can adjust the deformation posture of the square rail by moving forward and backward and lateral movement of its upper support portion to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0014] The horizontal assembly method of a large double-layer shell of the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solution: A horizontal assembly method of a large double-layer shell comprises the following steps:

[0015] 1) Install the outer shell onto the assembly tool

[0016] Remove the upper support part of the guide rail trolley, erect the second guide rail support seat, and pass the outer shell through the square rail by hoisting. When the outer shell is hoisted between the second guide rail support seat and the guide rail trolley, first install the upper support part of the guide rail trolley back on the guide rail trolley and support the square rail, then lay down the second guide rail support seat, and then continue to hoist the outer shell onto the stationary shell support seat;

[0017] 2) Install the inner shell onto the assembly tool

[0018] Remove the upper support of the guide rail trolley, erect the second guide rail support seat, hoist the inner shell through the square rail, and place it on the motion shell support seat. Then install the upper support of the guide rail trolley back on the guide rail trolley and put down the second guide rail support seat at the same time.

[0019] 3) Assemble the inner and outer shells

[0020] The inner shell moves along the square rail toward the outer shell placed on the stationary shell support seat through the moving shell support seat. During the motion assembly process, the square rail is adjusted up and down and left and right by adjusting the advance and retreat of the guide rail moving trolley and the lateral movement of the support part on the guide rail moving trolley, thereby ensuring that the inner shell smoothly enters the outer shell; when the moving shell support seat drives the inner shell to slide toward the outer shell, the guide rail moving trolley moves synchronously to continuously reduce the deformation of the square rail; the radial relationship between the inner and outer shells can be achieved by rotating the outer shell, and the assembly between the inner and outer shells is completed in coordination.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1) The horizontal assembly method is adopted to reduce the requirements for site and equipment during the hoisting and assembly of the long double-layer shell, thereby reducing safety risks;

[0023] 2) Using the inner track method, the shell assembly process is stable, the relative position is controllable, and the angular phase is adjustable. This improves assembly accuracy and ensures that the complex structure of the shell passes smoothly and is assembled in place;

[0024] 3) Horizontal assembly allows for multi-point support and fixation of both the inner and outer shells, effectively reducing shell deformation and ensuring assembly accuracy. The track can also be adjusted during assembly, with the track fulcrum continuously moving forward as the two shells are installed, minimizing track deformation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the horizontal assembly tooling structure of the large double-layer shell according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide rail support seat.

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the main structure of the stationary shell support seat.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 side view.

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the second guide rail support structure.

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the guide rail motion trolley structure.

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the moving shell support seat.

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the inner shell support structure.

[0033] 1-base, 2-square rail, 3-moving shell support seat, 4-first guide rail support seat, 5-stationary shell support seat, 6-second guide rail support seat, 7-guide rail moving trolley;

[0034] 31-sliding base, 32-first sliding roller, 33-second sliding roller, 34-inner housing support, 35-connecting bolt;

[0035] 41-first support column, 42-adjusting locking wheel, 43-thrust bearing;

[0036] 51-stationary support column, 52-roller shaft, 53-stationary housing supporting roller;

[0037] 61-second support column, 62-rotation mechanism, 63-positioning pin hole, 64-anti-slip pad;

[0038] 71- trolley base, 72- trolley roller, 73- sliding seat, 74- trolley adjustment locking wheel, 75- adjusting column, 76- trolley support column, 77- trolley thrust bearing, 78- stop pin, 79- trolley support roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The tooling and method of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell includes a base 1, a square rail 2 and at least one moving shell support seat 3; the base 1 is in a front-to-back direction, a first guide rail support seat 4 is installed at the rear end of the base 1, a second guide rail support seat 6 is installed in the middle of the base, and a stationary shell support seat 5 is provided between the first and second guide rail support seats of the base; a slide rail is provided on the base 1 in a direction extending from the second guide rail support seat 6 to the front end of the base 1, and at least one guide rail moving trolley 7 is movably provided on the slide rail; the top of the first guide rail support seat 4 is rotatably connected to the end of the square rail 2, and the direction of the square rail 2 is the same as that of the base 1; at least one moving shell support seat 3 is movably provided on the square rail 2;

[0041] The top of the stationary housing support seat 5 is equipped with a stationary housing support roller 53 and a locking device with an axial direction extending forward and backward;

[0042] The second guide rail support seat 6 is rotatably mounted on the base 1 and can be positioned in the vertical direction to support the square rail 2; the guide rail motion trolley 7 includes a trolley base 71 and an upper support part with adjustable height, the upper support part can be adjusted laterally on the trolley base 71 in a direction perpendicular to the slide rail, and the upper support part and the trolley base 71 are detachably connected.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the front end of the base 1 has a light hole, and the first guide rail support seat 4 includes a rod-shaped first support column 41 and an adjustment locking wheel 42 threadedly connected to the first support column 41. The first support column 41 passes through the adjustment locking wheel 42 and then extends into the hole in the base 1. The end of the square rail 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the first support column 41. A thrust bearing 43 is provided between the adjustment locking wheel 42 and the base 1. The adjustment locking wheel 42 is pressed against the thrust bearing 43 by its own weight to facilitate rotation. Alternatively, the lower ring of the thrust bearing 43 can be confined in a limiting groove on the base, and a limiting groove is also provided at the bottom of the adjustment locking wheel 42. The upper ring of the thrust bearing 43 is clamped in the limiting groove of the adjustment locking wheel 42 and connected by a pin.

[0044] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, the stationary housing support base 5 includes at least two groups, arranged front to back. Each group consists of two stationary support columns 51, which are arranged horizontally. A stationary housing support roller 53 is mounted on the top of each stationary support column 51 via a roller shaft 52. The stationary housing support rollers 53 extend axially in a forward-backward direction. A locking device can lock the stationary housing support rollers when the outer housing needs to be positioned.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, the second guide rail support seat 6 includes a second support column 61, a rotating mechanism 62 and a positioning pin; the second support column 61 is rotatably installed on the base 1 through the rotating mechanism 62, and a positioning pin hole 63 is opened on the rotating mechanism 62 and the positioning of the second support column 61 is achieved by the positioning pin; an anti-slip pad 64 is installed on the top of the second support column 61.

[0046] like Figure 6As shown, a trolley roller 72 is installed under the trolley base 71 of the guide rail motion trolley; the upper support portion includes a sliding seat 73, a trolley adjustment locking wheel 74, an adjusting column 75, a trolley support column 76, a trolley thrust bearing 77, a stop pin 78, a pin shaft, and a trolley support roller 79; a transverse sliding groove is provided on the trolley base 71, and the sliding seat 73 is slidably installed in the transverse sliding groove and is positioned by a pin shaft provided on the trolley base 71, and a light hole is provided above the sliding seat 73, and the lower end of the adjusting column 75 is inserted into the light hole, and the part of the adjusting column 75 located outside the light hole is connected to the trolley adjustment locking wheel 74 through a thread, and a trolley thrust bearing 77 is provided between the trolley adjustment locking wheel 74 and the top of the sliding seat 73. The trolley adjusting locking wheel 74 is convenient for rotating because the trolley thrust bearing 77 is pressed by its own weight. Alternatively, a groove is provided on the outer edge of the light hole of the sliding seat 73, and the lower ring limit of the trolley thrust bearing 77 is located in the groove. The bottom of the trolley adjusting locking wheel 74 is also provided with a groove. The upper ring limit of the trolley thrust bearing 77 is located in the bottom groove of the trolley adjusting locking wheel 74 and is connected by a pin. A pin hole is provided on the sliding seat 73 to connect the inside and outside of the light hole, and a vertical limit groove is provided on the adjusting column 75. The stop pin 78 is inserted into the light hole through the pin hole and is stuck in the limit groove of the adjusting column 75. The trolley support column 76 is installed on the top of the adjusting column 75, and the trolley support roller 79 is installed on the top of the trolley support column 76 to support the square rail 2.

[0047] like Figure 7 、 8 As shown, there are two groups of moving shell support seats 3, each moving shell support seat 3 includes a sliding base 31, and a pair of first sliding rollers 32 are respectively provided at the front and rear of the sliding base 31. Both sides of the sliding base 31 extend downward and then extend toward each other and are installed with a pair of second sliding rollers 33. The first sliding rollers 32 are located on the upper surface of the square rail 2, and the second sliding rollers 33 are stuck on the lower surface of the square rail 2; an arc-shaped inner shell support 34 is horizontally installed above the sliding base 31.

[0048] Figure 1 In the figure, the upper surface of the base 1 is in a step-like structure, the portion of the base 1 provided with the slide rail is lower than the remaining portion, and the second guide rail support seat 6 is located at the edge of the step.

[0049] The first support column of the first guide rail support base is threadedly connected to the adjustment locking wheel and inserted into the upper aperture of the base. The vertical height of the first support column can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment locking wheel horizontally and then locked in place by tightening the adjustment locking wheel. The first support column can also rotate vertically. The height adjustment range of the first guide rail support base is relatively limited; the angle of the lower rail is generally adjusted during assembly.

[0050] The stationary housing supports are fixed to the base and arranged symmetrically along the centerline. There are two groups of four, each adjustable in position. Spacing is based on the outer housing diameter. The top of the stationary housing supports a roller and locking device. The roller contacts the outer housing, facilitating axial rotation and locking.

[0051] The second guide rail support seat is fixed on the base through a rotating mechanism, can be upright or laid down, and is fixed by a positioning pin.

[0052] The trolley base of a guide rail trolley can be moved within the base rail groove using wheels or other mechanisms. The trolley has a sliding groove for the sliding seat to move laterally, and a locking mechanism on the trolley base secures the sliding seat in its lateral position. Two pins below the sliding seat secure the position in the sliding groove, and a hole on the top allows the adjustment column to move freely. The adjustment column has an external thread structure that adjusts its height by engaging the trolley's adjustment locking wheel. A connecting mechanism at the top connects to the trolley support column. The trolley support column is equipped with trolley support rollers on the top, allowing it to move while supporting the opposing rail and also capable of axial movement to adjust its direction.

[0053] The square rail is supported by the first and second guide rail support seats and the guide rail moving trolley. The structure is not limited to square steel. Other structures (such as I-beams, etc.) can be used under the premise of ensuring that the upper and lower surfaces can slide and the deformation is controllable.

[0054] The moving housing support consists of a sliding base and an inner housing support. The sliding base is equipped with three sets of rolling wheels: two for housing support, and one for gripping the square rails from below to prevent the sliding trolley from tipping over. The pulley position is adjustable to ensure tight grip on the rails. The upper portion of the sliding base has a connecting structure (bolts) that connects to the inner housing support. The lower portion of the inner housing support is connected to the trolley, while the upper portion is a semicircular structure that supports the inner housing. Each mechanism is equipped with two or more sets of moving housing supports, which can be adjusted according to the length of the housing.

[0055] When assembling, use Figure 1-8 The specific usage and assembly steps of the tooling shown are as follows:

[0056] 1) Install the outer shell onto the assembly tool

[0057] Remove the upper support part of the guide rail moving trolley 7, and erect the second guide rail support seat 6. Pass the outer shell through the square rail 2 by hoisting. When the outer shell is hoisted between the second guide rail support seat 6 and the guide rail moving trolley 7, first install the upper support part of the guide rail moving trolley 7 back on the guide rail moving trolley 7 and support the square rail 2. Then, lay down the second guide rail support seat 6, and then continue to hoist the outer shell and place it on the static shell support seat 5;

[0058] 2) Install the inner shell onto the assembly tool

[0059] Remove the upper support of the guide rail moving trolley 7, and erect the second guide rail support seat 6. Pass the inner shell through the square rail 2 by hoisting and place it on the moving shell support seat 3. Then install the upper support of the guide rail moving trolley 7 back on the guide rail moving trolley 7 and put down the second guide rail support seat 6 at the same time.

[0060] 3) Assemble the inner and outer shells

[0061] The inner shell moves along the square rail 2 toward the outer shell placed on the stationary shell support seat 5 through the moving shell support seat 3. During the moving assembly process, the square rail is adjusted up and down and left and right by adjusting the advance and retreat of the guide rail moving trolley 7 and the lateral movement of the support part on the guide rail moving trolley 7, thereby ensuring that the inner shell smoothly enters the outer shell; when the moving shell support seat 3 drives the inner shell to slide toward the outer shell, the guide rail moving trolley 7 moves synchronously to continuously reduce the deformation of the square rail 2; the radial relationship between the inner and outer shells can be achieved by rotating the outer shell, and the assembly between the inner and outer shells is completed in coordination.

Claims

1. A horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), a square rail (2) and at least one moving shell support seat (3); the base (1) is oriented forward and backward, a first guide rail support seat (4) is installed at the rear end of the base (1), a second guide rail support seat (6) is installed at the middle of the base (1), and a stationary shell support seat (5) is provided between the first and second guide rail support seats of the base (1); a slide rail oriented forward and backward is provided on the base (1) in a direction extending from the second guide rail support seat (6) to the front end of the base (1), and at least one guide rail moving trolley (7) is movably provided on the slide rail; The top of the first guide rail support seat (4) is rotatably connected to the end of the square rail (2), and the direction of the square rail (2) is the same as that of the base (1); at least one moving shell support seat (3) is movably arranged on the square rail (2); The top of the stationary housing support seat (5) is provided with a stationary housing support roller (53) and a locking device that are axially oriented in a forward and backward direction; The second guide rail support seat (6) is rotatably mounted on the base (1) and can be positioned in a vertical direction to support the square rail (2); The guide rail motion trolley (7) comprises a trolley base (71) and an upper support portion with adjustable height. The upper support portion can be adjusted laterally on the trolley base (71) in a direction perpendicular to the slide rail, and the upper support portion and the trolley base (71) are detachably connected.

2. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A light hole is opened at the front end of the base (1); the first guide rail support seat (4) includes a rod-shaped first support column (41) and an adjustment locking wheel (42) threadedly connected to the first support column (41); the first support column (41) passes through the adjustment locking wheel (42) and then extends into the hole of the base (1); the end of the square rail (2) is rotatably connected to the top of the first support column (41).

3. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 2, characterized in that: A thrust bearing (43) is provided between the adjusting locking wheel (42) and the base (1).

4. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stationary shell support seat (5) comprises at least two groups, the two groups of stationary shell support seats (5) are arranged front to back, each group of stationary shell support seats (5) is composed of two stationary support columns (51), and the two stationary support columns (51) are arranged transversely; a stationary shell support roller (53) is installed on the top of each stationary support column (51) through a roller shaft (52), and the axial direction of the stationary shell support roller (53) is forward and backward.

5. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second guide rail support seat (6) comprises a second support column (61), a rotating mechanism (62) and a positioning pin; the second support column (61) is rotatably mounted on the base (1) via the rotating mechanism (62); a positioning pin hole (63) is provided on the rotating mechanism (62) and the positioning of the second support column (61) is achieved via the positioning pin; an anti-slip pad (64) is mounted on the top of the second support column (61).

6. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: A trolley roller (72) is installed below the trolley base (71) of the guide rail motion trolley; the upper support portion includes a sliding seat (73), a trolley adjustment locking wheel (74), an adjustment column (75), a trolley support column (76), a trolley thrust bearing (77), a stop pin (78), a pin shaft, and a trolley support roller (79); a transverse sliding groove is opened on the trolley base (72), and the sliding seat (73) is slidably installed in the transverse sliding groove and is positioned by a pin shaft provided on the trolley base (72); a light hole is opened above the sliding seat (73), and the lower end of the adjustment column (75) is inserted into the light hole, and the adjustment The portion of the section column (75) located outside the light hole is connected to the trolley adjustment locking wheel (74) through a thread, and a trolley thrust bearing (77) is provided between the trolley adjustment locking wheel (74) and the top of the sliding seat (73); a pin hole connecting the inside and outside of the light hole is opened on the sliding seat (73), and a vertical limiting groove is opened on the adjusting column (75), and the stop pin (78) is inserted into the light hole through the pin hole and is stuck in the limiting groove of the adjusting column (75); the trolley support column (76) is installed on the top of the adjusting column (75), and the trolley support roller (79) is installed on the top of the trolley support column (76) to support the square rail (2).

7. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two groups of the moving shell support seats (3), each of which includes a sliding base (31), a pair of first sliding rollers (32) are respectively provided at the front and rear of the sliding base (31), both sides of the sliding base (31) extend downward and then extend toward each other and are provided with a pair of second sliding rollers (33), the first sliding rollers (32) are located on the upper surface of the square rail (2), and the second sliding rollers (33) are clamped on the lower surface of the square rail (2); an arc-shaped inner shell support (34) is horizontally installed above the sliding base (31).

8. The horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base (1) is in a step-like structure, the portion of the base (1) provided with the slide rail is lower than the remaining portion, and the second guide rail support seat (6) is located at the edge of the step.

9. A horizontal assembly method for a large double-layer shell, implemented using the horizontal assembly tool for a large double-layer shell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are included: 1) Install the outer shell onto the assembly tool Remove the upper support portion of the guide rail moving trolley (7), and erect the second guide rail support seat (6). The outer shell is passed through the square rail (2) by hoisting. When the outer shell is hoisted between the second guide rail support seat (6) and the guide rail moving trolley (7), first install the upper support portion of the guide rail moving trolley (7) back on the guide rail moving trolley (7) and support the square rail (2). Then, lay down the second guide rail support seat (6), and then continue to hoist the outer shell onto the stationary shell support seat (5); 2) Install the inner shell onto the assembly tool Remove the upper support portion of the guide rail moving trolley (7), and erect the second guide rail support seat (6). Pass the inner shell through the square rail (2) by hoisting and place it on the moving shell support seat (3). Then, install the upper support portion of the guide rail moving trolley (7) back on the guide rail moving trolley (7), and at the same time, put down the second guide rail support seat (6); 3) Assemble the inner and outer shells The inner shell moves along the square rail (2) toward the outer shell placed on the stationary shell support seat (5) through the moving shell support seat (3). During the moving assembly process, the square rail (2) is adjusted up and down and left and right by adjusting the advance and retreat of the guide rail moving trolley (7) and the lateral movement of the support portion on the guide rail moving trolley (7), thereby ensuring that the inner shell smoothly enters the interior of the outer shell; when the moving shell support seat (3) drives the inner shell to slide toward the outer shell, the guide rail moving trolley (7) moves synchronously to continuously reduce the deformation of the square rail (2); the radial relationship between the inner and outer shells can be achieved by rotating the outer shell, and the assembly between the inner and outer shells is completed in coordination.

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