Ammonia combustion system

Abstract

The present invention provides an ammonia combustion system, relating to the field of ammonia combustion technology. The ammonia combustion system includes an ammonia burner and an electrolytic hydrogen production device. The ammonia burner is equipped with an ammonia inlet, a hydrogen inlet, an oxygen inlet, and an exhaust gas outlet. The electrolytic hydrogen production device includes a cathode product outlet on the cathode side and an anode product outlet on the anode side. The cathode product outlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the anode product outlet is connected to the oxygen inlet. Ammonia can be burned rapidly and stably in the ammonia burner of the ammonia combustion system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ammonia combustion, and in particular to an ammonia combustion system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the energy crisis and environmental pollution caused by the massive consumption of fossil fuels have forced people to seek new, clean alternative energy sources. Ammonia, as a carbon-free fuel, offers advantages such as easy storage, low cost, and production. However, its slow combustion rate, instability, and difficulty in igniting in air limit its application. Currently available ammonia combustion systems have not yet addressed these technical issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ammonia combustion system to solve the technical problems of slow, unstable and difficult to ignite ammonia combustion in existing ammonia combustion systems.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ammonia combustion system, comprising an ammonia burner and an electrolytic hydrogen production device, wherein the ammonia burner is provided with an ammonia inlet, a hydrogen inlet, an oxygen inlet and a tail gas exhaust port; the electrolytic hydrogen production device comprises a cathode product outlet located on the cathode side and an anode product outlet located on the anode side, wherein the cathode product outlet is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the anode product outlet is connected to the oxygen inlet.

[0005] Optionally, the ammonia combustion system also includes a heat exchange device and a steam power generation device, the steam power generation device includes a steam turbine and a generator connected to the steam turbine, and the power transmission end of the generator is connected to the power supply of the electrolysis hydrogen production device; the heat exchange device includes a hot side channel and a cold side channel, the exhaust gas outlet is connected to the channel inlet of the hot side channel, and the cold side channel includes a first heat absorption channel section, the channel inlet of the first heat absorption channel section is used to input low-pressure steam, and the channel outlet is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine.

[0006] Optionally, the electrolytic hydrogen production device is a solid oxide electrolysis device, and a cathode raw material inlet is provided on the cathode side of the electrolytic hydrogen production device, and an anode raw material inlet is provided on the anode side, and the cathode raw material inlet is connected to the channel outlet of the hot side channel.

[0007] Optionally, the cold side channel includes a second heat absorption channel section, which is located downstream of the first heat absorption channel section, and the channel inlet of the second heat absorption channel section is used to input air, and the channel outlet is connected to the anode raw material inlet.

[0008] Optionally, the initial cathode raw materials of the electrolytic hydrogen production device include water vapor and carbon dioxide.

[0009] Optionally, the ammonia combustion system further includes a controller and an ammonia storage tank, the output port of the ammonia storage tank is connected to an ammonia delivery channel, the ammonia delivery channel is provided with an ammonia delivery pump and an ammonia pressure regulator in sequence along the ammonia delivery direction, and the output end of the ammonia delivery channel is provided with an ammonia nozzle for spraying ammonia into the ammonia inlet;

[0010] The communication channel between the cathode product outlet and the hydrogen inlet is a hydrogen transmission channel, and the hydrogen transmission channel is provided with a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen transmission pump and a hydrogen pressure regulator in sequence along the hydrogen transmission direction; the communication channel between the anode product outlet and the oxygen inlet is an oxygen transmission channel, and the oxygen transmission channel is provided with an oxygen storage tank, an oxygen transmission pump and an oxygen pressure regulator in sequence along the oxygen transmission direction, and the ammonia transmission pump, the ammonia pressure regulator, the ammonia nozzle, the hydrogen transmission pump, the hydrogen pressure regulator, the oxygen transmission pump and the oxygen pressure regulator are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0011] Optionally, the ammonia burner is provided with a concentration detector for detecting the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, the concentration detector is communicatively connected to the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the regulating pressure of the hydrogen pressure regulator according to the nitrogen oxide concentration detected by the concentration detector.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting channel between the cathode product outlet and the hydrogen inlet is a hydrogen transmission channel, and the hydrogen transmission channel is provided with a separation device, a hydrogen storage tank, a hydrogen delivery pump and a hydrogen pressure regulator in sequence along the hydrogen transmission direction, and the mixed gas input port of the separation device is connected to the cathode product outlet, the hydrogen output port is connected to the hydrogen storage tank, and the water vapor output port is connected to the cathode raw material inlet.

[0013] Optionally, the output end of the hydrogen transmission channel is provided with a hydrogen nozzle for injecting hydrogen into the hydrogen inlet, and the channel section of the hydrogen transmission channel located between the hydrogen nozzle and the hydrogen pressure regulator is connected to a hydrogen reflux channel, and the end of the hydrogen reflux channel is connected to the hydrogen storage tank;

[0014] And / or, the channel section of the ammonia supply channel located between the ammonia nozzle and the ammonia pressure regulator is connected to an ammonia reflux channel, and the end of the ammonia reflux channel is connected to the ammonia storage tank.

[0015] Optionally, the ammonia inlet and the tail gas exhaust port are respectively located at two ends of the ammonia burner in the axial direction, the hydrogen inlet and the oxygen inlet are both located on the side wall of the ammonia burner, and the hydrogen inlet is in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of hydrogen inlets are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the ammonia burner;

[0016] And / or, the oxygen inlets are arranged in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of oxygen inlets are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the ammonia burner.

[0017] The ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention adopts an electrolytic hydrogen production device to provide oxygen and hydrogen for the combustion of ammonia. On the one hand, the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device generates a high concentration of hydrogen, which has both combustion-supporting and reducing properties. Specifically, the flammable hydrogen can play a combustion-supporting role on the combustion of ammonia, thereby accelerating the ignition speed of ammonia and improving the combustion stability of ammonia; at the same time, the reducing hydrogen can also play a reducing role on the nitrogen oxides in the ammonia combustion products, so as to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides in the ammonia burner and correspondingly reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas of the ammonia burner, thereby reducing the subsequent treatment load of nitrogen oxides in the tail gas, so as to improve the practicality of the ammonia combustion system. On the other hand, the concentration of oxygen in the product generated by the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device is much higher than the concentration of oxygen in the air. Then, the high concentration of oxygen enters the ammonia burner, which can effectively improve the combustion speed and sufficiency of ammonia and hydrogen, thereby ensuring the full combustion of ammonia and hydrogen, improving the combustion efficiency of both, and correspondingly improving the heat generation effect of the ammonia burner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A first flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A second flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A third flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 A fourth flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A fifth flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a sixth flow diagram of the ammonia combustion system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Description of reference numerals:

[0026] 100-Ammonia burner; 110-Ammonia inlet; 120-Hydrogen inlet; 121-Main hydrogen inlet; 122-First hydrogen supplementary injection port; 123-Second hydrogen supplementary injection port; 130-Oxygen inlet; 131-Main oxygen inlet; 132-Oxygen supplementary injection port; 140-Tail gas outlet; 150-Inlet section; 160-Middle section; 170-Outlet section; 180-Concentration detector; 200-Electrolytic hydrogen production device; 210-Cathode side; 211-Cathode raw material inlet; 212-Cathode product outlet; 220-Anode side; 221-Anode raw material inlet; 222-Anode product outlet; 230-Power supply; 300-Heat exchange device; 310-Hot side channel; 320-Cold side channel; 321-First heat absorption channel section; 322-Second heat absorption channel section; 330-First Heat exchanger; 340-second heat exchanger; 400-steam power generation device; 410-steam turbine; 411-high-pressure cylinder; 412-low-pressure cylinder; 420-generator; 421-transmission terminal; 510-ammonia storage tank; 520-ammonia transmission channel; 530-ammonia delivery pump; 540-ammonia pressure regulator; 550-ammonia nozzle; 560-ammonia reflux channel; 610-hydrogen transmission channel; 620-separation device; 621-Mixed gas inlet; 622-Hydrogen outlet; 623-Water vapor outlet; 624-Nitrogen outlet; 630-Hydrogen storage tank; 640-Hydrogen delivery pump; 650-Hydrogen pressure regulator; 660-Hydrogen nozzle; 670-Hydrogen reflux channel; 710-Oxygen supply channel; 720-Oxygen storage tank; 730-Oxygen delivery pump; 740-Oxygen pressure regulator; 750-Oxygen nozzle; 800-Nitrogen storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] This embodiment provides an ammonia combustion system, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an ammonia burner 100 and an electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, the ammonia burner 100 is provided with an ammonia inlet 110, a hydrogen inlet 120, an oxygen inlet 130 and a tail gas exhaust port 140; the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 includes a cathode product outlet 212 located on the cathode side 210 and an anode product outlet 222 located on the anode side 220, the cathode product outlet 212 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 120, and the anode product outlet 222 is connected to the oxygen inlet 130.

[0029] The ammonia combustion system provided in this embodiment includes an ammonia burner 100 for burning ammonia to convert its chemical energy into thermal energy, and also includes an electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 for generating hydrogen and oxygen to support and assist the combustion of ammonia; when in use, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is in operation, and the cathode product of its cathode side 210 includes hydrogen, and the hydrogen is output through the cathode product outlet 212 and input into the ammonia burner 100 through the hydrogen inlet 120, and the anode product of the anode side 220 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 includes oxygen, and the oxygen is output through the anode product outlet 222 and input into the ammonia burner 100 through the oxygen inlet 130; at the same time, ammonia is transported into the ammonia burner 100 through the ammonia inlet 110, and the oxygen input into the ammonia burner 100 can support the combustion of hydrogen and ammonia, thereby completing the combustion and heat generation of ammonia.

[0030] Among them, the ammonia combustion system provided in the present application adopts an electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 to provide oxygen and hydrogen for the combustion of ammonia. On the one hand, the cathode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 generates a high concentration of hydrogen, which has both combustion-supporting and reducing properties. Specifically, the flammable hydrogen can play a combustion-supporting role in the combustion of ammonia, thereby accelerating the ignition speed of ammonia and improving the combustion stability of ammonia; at the same time, the reducing hydrogen can also play a reducing role in the nitrogen oxides in the ammonia combustion products, so as to reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides in the ammonia burner 100, and correspondingly reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of the ammonia burner 100, thereby reducing the subsequent processing load of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, so as to improve the practicality of the ammonia combustion system. On the other hand, the concentration of oxygen in the product generated at the anode of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is much higher than the concentration of oxygen in the air. The high concentration of oxygen entering the ammonia burner 100 can effectively increase the combustion speed and completeness of ammonia and hydrogen, thereby ensuring the complete combustion of ammonia and hydrogen, improving the combustion efficiency of both, and correspondingly improving the heat generation effect of the ammonia burner 100.

[0031] Optionally, in this embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the ammonia combustion system also includes a heat exchange device 300 and a steam power generation device 400. The steam power generation device 400 includes a steam turbine 410 and a generator 420 connected to the steam turbine 410, and the power transmission end 421 of the generator 420 is connected to the power supply 230 of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200; the heat exchange device 300 includes a hot side channel 310 and a cold side channel 320, the exhaust port 140 is connected to the channel inlet of the hot side channel 310, and the cold side channel 320 includes a first heat absorption channel section 321, the channel inlet of the first heat absorption channel section 321 is used to input low-pressure steam, and the channel outlet is connected to the steam inlet of the steam turbine 410. During operation of the ammonia combustion system, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 uses the electrical energy of its power supply 230 as a power source to promote the electrolysis of water or water vapor to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The exhaust gas generated by the combustion of ammonia and hydrogen in the ammonia burner 100 carries a high thermal energy. The high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust outlet 140 enters the hot side channel 310 of the heat exchange device 300 through the channel inlet, while continuously inputting low-pressure steam into the first heat absorption channel section 321 of the cold side channel 320 of the heat exchange device 300. The low-pressure steam in the cold side channel 320 exchanges heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the hot side channel 310 to form high-pressure steam. The high-pressure steam is output and enters the steam turbine 410 through the steam inlet for action. The thermal energy of the high-pressure steam is converted into mechanical energy of the steam turbine 410 and then into electrical energy of the generator 420. The electrical energy can be supplied to the power supply 230 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 through the transmission end 421 of the generator 420 to support the normal operation of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200. The arrangement of the heat exchange device 300 and the steam power generation device 400 in the ammonia combustion system of this embodiment can utilize the waste heat in the tail gas of the ammonia burner 100, and convert the waste heat of the tail gas into the electrical energy required by the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, so that the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 in the ammonia combustion system does not require external power supply and can achieve autonomous operation, thereby greatly improving the practicality and functionality of the ammonia combustion system, correspondingly reducing its requirements for the operating environment and conditions, and improving its applicability.

[0032] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, the steam turbine 410 may include a high-pressure cylinder 411 and a low-pressure cylinder 412, and the high-pressure steam output by the first heat absorption channel section 321 can be selectively input into the high-pressure cylinder 411 or the low-pressure cylinder 412 to perform work.

[0033] Optionally, in this embodiment, if Figure 3As shown, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is a solid oxide electrolysis device. The cathode side 210 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is provided with a cathode raw material inlet 211, and the anode side 220 is provided with an anode raw material inlet 221, and the cathode raw material inlet 211 is connected to the channel outlet of the hot side channel 310. The electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is a solid oxide electrolysis device (SOEC). When it is in operation, it is necessary to continuously supply water vapor to the cathode side 210 through the cathode raw material inlet 211 and to supply air to the anode side 220 through the anode raw material inlet 221. When the ammonia combustion system is in operation, the main component of the tail gas generated after the combustion of ammonia, hydrogen and oxygen in the ammonia burner 100 is high-temperature water vapor, and the tail gas still has a high temperature after heat exchange through the heat exchange device 300. The tail gas discharged from the hot side channel 310 of the heat exchange device 300 can be continuously supplied to the cathode side 210 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 through the cathode raw material inlet 211. The high-temperature water vapor in the tail gas can be used as a raw material for electrolysis. On the one hand, the water vapor in the tail gas can be utilized without the need to input additional raw materials to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200. The operation of the ammonia combustion system only requires ammonia. The input of raw materials can reduce the waste of water vapor caused by the exhaust gas emissions of the ammonia burner 100, the consumption of water vapor caused by the special delivery of water vapor to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, and the restriction of the use scenario, thereby greatly improving the practicality of the ammonia combustion system; on the other hand, the waste heat in the exhaust gas can be utilized, and the high-temperature water vapor in the exhaust gas can be used as the raw material of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, so that the cathode side 210 maintains a high-temperature electrolysis environment, thereby greatly promoting the progress of the electrolysis, and correspondingly improving the hydrogen production efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, thereby ensuring the supply of hydrogen and oxygen to the ammonia burner 100; on the other hand, the product of the cathode side 210 is high-temperature hydrogen, which is input into the ammonia burner 100 through the hydrogen inlet 120, which can increase the combustion environment temperature in the ammonia burner 100, thereby improving the combustion speed and stability of ammonia and hydrogen.

[0034] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 4As shown, the cold side channel 320 includes a second heat absorbing channel section 322 , which is located downstream of the first heat absorbing channel section 321 , and the channel inlet of the second heat absorbing channel section 322 is used to input air, and the channel outlet is connected to the anode raw material inlet 221 . In the process of flowing through the second heat absorption channel section 322, the cold air exchanges heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas in the hot side channel 310 to become hot air. The hot air is sent into the anode side 220 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 through the anode raw material inlet 221, so that the anode side 220 becomes a high-temperature electrolysis environment, thereby greatly promoting the reaction of oxygen ions to oxygen, and correspondingly further promoting the progress of electrolysis, improving the efficiency of water vapor electrolysis to produce hydrogen and oxygen, and ensuring the supply of hydrogen and oxygen from the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 to the ammonia burner 100; in addition, the products output through the anode product outlet 222 are hot air and high-temperature oxygen, which are sent into the ammonia burner 100 through the oxygen inlet 130, which can further ensure the combustion speed and stability of ammonia and hydrogen.

[0035] Alternatively, as Figure 4 As shown, the heat exchange device 300 may include a first heat exchanger 330 and a second heat exchanger 340, and the first heat exchanger 330 is located upstream of the second heat exchanger 340, wherein the hot side channel section of the first heat exchanger 330, the hot side channel section of the second heat exchanger 340 and the connecting channel section therebetween together form the hot side channel 310 of the heat exchange device 300, the cold side channel section of the first heat exchanger 330 forms a first heat absorption channel section 321, and the cold side channel section of the second heat exchanger 340 forms a second heat absorption channel section 322; the high-temperature exhaust gas output through the exhaust port 140 first enters the hot side channel section of the first heat exchanger 330 for heat exchange with the low-pressure steam, and then is discharged and enters the hot side channel section of the second heat exchanger 340 for heat exchange with the cold air. The exhaust gas after two heat exchanges enters the cathode side 210 through the cathode raw material inlet 211 as a raw material for electrolysis reaction. Of course, in addition to the two heat exchangers mentioned above, the heat exchange device 300 can also be a single heat exchanger, in which the cold side channel section corresponding to the upstream channel section of the hot side channel 310 in the heat exchanger serves as the first heat absorption channel section 321, and the cold side channel section corresponding to the downstream channel section of the hot side channel 310 serves as the second heat absorption channel section 322.

[0036] It can be seen that when the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, the heat exchange device 300 and the steam power generation device 400 are used in the ammonia combustion system of the present application, the waste heat in the tail gas of the ammonia burner 100 can be utilized three times: (1) the tail gas exchanges heat with the low-pressure steam through the first heat absorption channel section 321, so that it becomes high-pressure steam to generate power for the steam power generation device 400, and the electricity generated by the steam power generation device 400 can power the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200; (2) the tail gas exchanges heat with the cold air through the second heat absorption channel section 322, so that it becomes hot air to enter the anode side 2 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200. 20 promotes the progress of the electrolysis reaction, improves the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200, and its anode product hot air and high-temperature oxygen are input into the ammonia burner 100 to improve the combustion speed and stability of ammonia and hydrogen therein; (3) the high-temperature exhaust gas enters the cathode side 210 of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200 through the cathode raw material inlet 211 as a high-temperature raw material to further promote the progress of the electrolysis reaction, further improve the electrolysis efficiency of the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200, and its cathode product high-temperature hydrogen is input into the ammonia burner 100 to further improve the combustion speed and stability of hydrogen and ammonia therein. At the same time, the high-temperature water vapor in the tail gas of the ammonia burner 100 can be reused and used as a raw material for the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200. This not only reduces the tail gas treatment load and ensures the supply of hydrogen and oxygen from the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 to the ammonia burner 100, but also ensures the combustion speed and stability in the ammonia burner 100. There is no need to transport water vapor raw materials to the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200, nor is there any need to supply power to its power supply 230. That is, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 can achieve autonomous operation by relying on the waste heat and water vapor in the tail gas of the ammonia burner 100, so that the ammonia burner 100 and the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 form a closed-loop circulation, greatly improving the functionality and practicality of the ammonia combustion system.

[0037] Optionally, in this embodiment, if Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the initial cathode raw materials of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 include water vapor and carbon dioxide. The reaction formula for the water vapor and carbon dioxide input to the cathode side 210 is as follows:

[0038] H2O+2e - —H2+O 2- ;

[0039] CO2+4H + +4e - —CO+H2+H2O;

[0040] The products from the cathode side 210 include not only hydrogen as the main component but also carbon monoxide, which can serve as a combustion agent and has reducing properties. The products from the cathode side 210 are fed into the ammonia burner 100 via the hydrogen inlet 120. The carbon monoxide, serving as a combustion agent, can combust with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, thereby generating high heat energy, thereby increasing the combustion energy within the ammonia burner 100. Simultaneously, the reducing carbon monoxide can reduce nitrogen oxides in the ammonia combustion products, thereby inhibiting their production and correspondingly reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the load of nitrogen oxide treatment in the exhaust gas. After the carbon monoxide reacts in the ammonia burner 100, it becomes carbon dioxide. The exhaust gas then contains high-temperature water vapor and high-temperature carbon dioxide. The exhaust gas is fed into the cathode side 210, where the high-temperature water vapor and high-temperature carbon dioxide within it are again used as raw materials for electrolysis to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide, thereby forming a closed loop, thereby continuously increasing the combustion energy within the ammonia burner 100 and reducing the content of nitrogen oxides in its exhaust gas.

[0041] Of course, in addition to the above-mentioned SOEC form, the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200 can also adopt the ALK form, AEM form or PEM form, etc. As long as the electrolysis hydrogen production device 200 can electrolyze water vapor or liquid water to generate hydrogen at the cathode product outlet 212 and generate oxygen at the oxygen product outlet, it falls within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the ammonia combustion system also includes a controller and an ammonia storage tank 510. The output port of the ammonia storage tank 510 is connected to an ammonia delivery channel 520. The ammonia delivery channel 520 is provided with an ammonia delivery pump 530 and an ammonia pressure regulator 540 in sequence along the ammonia delivery direction, and the output end of the ammonia delivery channel 520 is provided with an ammonia nozzle 550 for spraying ammonia into the ammonia inlet 110; the communication channel between the cathode product outlet 212 and the hydrogen inlet 120 is a hydrogen delivery channel 610. The hydrogen delivery channel 610 is provided with an ammonia delivery pump 530 and an ammonia pressure regulator 540 in sequence along the hydrogen delivery direction. There are a hydrogen storage tank 630, a hydrogen delivery pump 640 and a hydrogen pressure regulator 650; the communication channel between the anode product outlet 222 and the oxygen inlet 130 is the oxygen delivery channel 710, and the oxygen delivery channel 710 is provided with an oxygen storage tank 720, an oxygen delivery pump 730 and an oxygen pressure regulator 740 in sequence along the oxygen delivery direction; the ammonia delivery pump 530, the ammonia pressure regulator 540, the ammonia nozzle 550, the hydrogen delivery pump 640, the hydrogen pressure regulator 650, the oxygen delivery pump 730 and the oxygen pressure regulator 740 are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0043] The initial cathode raw materials include water vapor and carbon dioxide. Initially, liquid ammonia is stored in the ammonia storage tank 510, hydrogen and carbon monoxide are stored in the hydrogen storage tank 630, and oxygen and air are stored in the oxygen storage tank 720. When ammonia needs to be delivered to the ammonia burner 100, the controller receives an operation instruction and adjusts the pressure of the fluid allowed to flow through the ammonia pressure regulator 540, the hydrogen pressure regulator 650, and the oxygen pressure regulator 740 accordingly, and adjusts the pressure of ammonia injected into the ammonia burner 100 by the ammonia nozzle 550, the pressure of the hydrogen supply channel 610 to the ammonia burner 100, and the pressure of the ammonia gas injected into the ammonia burner 100 by the hydrogen supply channel 610. 0 and the pressure of oxygen and air delivered to the ammonia burner 100 by the oxygen delivery channel 710, and the pressure of different gases is adjusted so that the equivalence ratio of each gas meets the requirement of full combustion of ammonia, hydrogen and carbon monoxide; after the adjustment of each pressure regulator is completed, the controller controls to start the ammonia delivery pump 530 and the ammonia nozzle 550, and the ammonia delivery pump 530 drives the liquid ammonia in the ammonia storage tank 510 to flow through the ammonia pressure regulator 540, and the liquid ammonia at a certain pressure flows to the ammonia nozzle 550, is liquefied into ammonia gas, and is sprayed into the ammonia burner 100 at a certain pressure.

[0044] At the same time, the controller controls the start of the hydrogen delivery pump 640, which drives the mixed gas of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the hydrogen storage tank 630 to flow through the hydrogen pressure regulator 650, and the mixed gas at a certain pressure is sent into the ammonia burner 100 through the hydrogen delivery channel 610; similarly, the controller controls the start of the oxygen delivery pump 730, which drives the mixed gas of oxygen and air in the oxygen storage tank 720 to flow through the oxygen pressure regulator 740, and the mixed gas at a certain pressure is sent into the ammonia burner 100 through the oxygen delivery channel 710, and enters the ammonia burner 100. The ammonia, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, oxygen and air in the burner 100 meet a certain equivalence ratio and can burn sufficiently and stably. The exhaust gas obtained by combustion is input into the cathode side 210 of the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 to generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide by electrolysis. The hydrogen and carbon monoxide are continuously input into the hydrogen storage tank 630 for storage; at the same time, air is continuously input into the anode side 220, and the air on the anode side 220 and the generated oxygen are continuously input into the oxygen storage tank 720 for storage, thereby realizing continuous and efficient operation of the ammonia burner 100.

[0045] When the ammonia combustion system ends, the controller receives the end instruction and controls the shutdown of the ammonia delivery pump 530, the ammonia nozzle 550, the hydrogen delivery pump 640 and the oxygen delivery pump 730 accordingly, thereby quickly responding to the control instruction and accurately controlling the operation of the ammonia combustion system.

[0046] It should be noted that the "electrolytic hydrogen production device 200", "hydrogen storage tank 630", "hydrogen delivery pump 640", "hydrogen delivery channel 610" and the like in this document are mainly used for the production, storage and delivery of hydrogen, and are not intended to limit their use. For example, when the raw material includes carbon dioxide, the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is also used for the production of carbon monoxide, the hydrogen storage tank 630 is also used for storing carbon monoxide, the hydrogen delivery pump 640 and the hydrogen delivery channel 610 are also used for the delivery of carbon monoxide, etc.; similarly, the "oxygen storage tank 720", "oxygen delivery pump 730", "oxygen delivery channel 710" and the like in this document are only mainly used for the storage and delivery of oxygen, and are not intended to limit their use. For example, when the electrolytic hydrogen production device 200 is a solid oxide electrolysis device, its anode side 220 needs to continuously input air, then the oxygen storage tank 720 is also used for storing air, the oxygen delivery pump 730 and the oxygen delivery channel 710 are also used for delivering air, etc.

[0047] In this embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the ammonia burner 100 can also be provided with a concentration detector 180 for detecting the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The concentration detector 180 is in communication with the controller, and the controller is used to adjust the regulating pressure of the hydrogen pressure regulator 650 according to the nitrogen oxide concentration detected by the concentration detector 180. Nitrogen oxides are the main pollutant gases in the exhaust gas. During the operation of the ammonia combustion system, the concentration detector 180 can detect the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas in real time. When the nitrogen oxide concentration is lower than the set value, it indicates that the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas meets the emission requirements and the nitrogen oxide concentration has little inhibitory effect on the forward combustion reaction when it circulates into the ammonia burner 100 for reaction. The ammonia burner 100 can maintain the current combustion state; when the nitrogen oxide concentration is higher than the set value, it indicates that the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas is too high and cannot be discharged or the exhaust gas treatment load is high, or when it circulates into the ammonia burner 100 for reaction, it will seriously inhibit the forward combustion reaction. The controller will accordingly increase the hydrogen pressure regulator 650 to allow the flow pressure of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, thereby increasing the flow rate of hydrogen and carbon monoxide input into the ammonia burner 100, improving the inhibitory effect of hydrogen and carbon monoxide on nitrogen oxides, and correspondingly reducing the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, thereby reducing the exhaust gas treatment load and ensuring the normal progress of the forward combustion reaction in the ammonia burner 100.

[0048] Specifically, in this embodiment, Figure 6As shown, the output end of the hydrogen transmission channel 610 is provided with a hydrogen nozzle 660 for injecting hydrogen into the hydrogen inlet 120, and the channel section of the hydrogen transmission channel 610 located between the hydrogen nozzle 660 and the hydrogen pressure regulator 650 is connected to a hydrogen reflux channel 670, and the end of the hydrogen reflux channel 670 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 630. On the one hand, the hydrogen pressure regulator 650 can regulate the pressure of hydrogen and carbon monoxide delivered to the hydrogen nozzle 660. The hydrogen nozzle 660 accordingly sprays hydrogen and carbon monoxide into the ammonia burner 100 evenly and over a large area at a certain pressure, so that hydrogen and carbon monoxide can fully contact with ammonia and oxygen, and correspondingly improve the combustion completeness of hydrogen and carbon monoxide and their combustion-supporting properties for ammonia combustion. On the other hand, when the pressure required by the hydrogen nozzle 660 is relatively high, the hydrogen and carbon monoxide with higher pressure flow to the hydrogen nozzle 660 through the hydrogen pressure regulator 650, and part of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide are sprayed out through the hydrogen nozzle 660. The remaining hydrogen and carbon monoxide can flow back into the hydrogen storage tank 630 through the hydrogen reflux channel 670, thereby reducing the continuous operation of the hydrogen delivery pump 640. The accumulation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide at the hydrogen nozzle 660 causes excessive pressure to affect the hydrogen and carbon monoxide delivery pressure, and even damages the hydrogen nozzle 660.

[0049] Similarly, if Figure 6 As shown, the ammonia delivery channel 520, located between the ammonia nozzle 550 and the ammonia pressure regulator 540, is connected to an ammonia return channel 560. The end of the ammonia return channel 560 is connected to the ammonia storage tank 510. Some of the liquid ammonia flowing to the ammonia nozzle 550 is sprayed into the ammonia burner 100 through the ammonia nozzle 550, while the remaining liquid ammonia can flow back into the ammonia storage tank 510 through the ammonia return channel 560. This reduces the risk of excessive liquid ammonia pressure in the region of the ammonia nozzle 550 due to continuous operation of the ammonia delivery pump 530, which could affect the ammonia delivery pressure and even damage the ammonia nozzle 550.

[0050] Preferably, an oxygen nozzle 750 is provided at the end of the oxygen supply channel 710. The oxygen nozzle 750 is used to spray a mixed gas of oxygen and air into the ammonia burner 100 through the oxygen inlet 130 to improve the uniformity of the mixed gas input into the ammonia burner 100, and correspondingly improve the uniformity of its mixing with ammonia and hydrogen, so as to improve the combustion completeness of ammonia and hydrogen.

[0051] Optionally, in this embodiment, if Figure 6As shown, the ammonia combustion system also includes a separation device 620 provided in the hydrogen transmission channel 610. The separation device 620 is located upstream of the hydrogen storage tank 630, and the mixed gas input port 621 of the separation device 620 is connected to the cathode product outlet 212, the hydrogen output port 622 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 630, and the water vapor output port 623 is connected to the cathode raw material inlet 211. A separation device 620 is provided upstream of the hydrogen transmission channel 610. The products discharged from the cathode product outlet 212 include hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water vapor, nitrogen and a small amount of carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides. The products enter the separation device 620 through the mixed gas inlet 621. The separation device 620 separates the hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the mixed gas and transmits them to the hydrogen storage tank 630 through the hydrogen output port 622, thereby improving the purity of the hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixed gas in the gas storage tank, reducing the adverse effects of water vapor, nitrogen, etc. circulating into the ammonia burner 100 on the forward combustion reaction, and correspondingly improving the forward combustion reaction in the ammonia burner 100. At the same time, the separation device 620 separates the water vapor and carbon dioxide in the mixed gas and refluxes them to the cathode raw material inlet 211 through the water vapor output port 623, so as to reuse the unelectrolyzed raw materials, thereby improving the raw material utilization rate and reducing raw material consumption. Among them, the nitrogen and nitrogen oxides in the mixed gas can flow back to the cathode raw material inlet 211 along with water vapor and carbon monoxide. Preferably, the separation device 620 can also separate the nitrogen in the mixed gas, and its nitrogen output port 624 is connected to the nitrogen storage tank 800. The separation device 620 separates the nitrogen in the mixed gas and transports it to the nitrogen storage tank 800 through the nitrogen output port 624 for storage. This can not only reduce the inhibitory effect of nitrogen entering the hydrogen storage tank 630 on the forward combustion reaction in the ammonia burner 100, but the nitrogen stored in the nitrogen storage tank 800 can also be used as a by-product for other purposes, thereby improving the economy of the ammonia combustion system.

[0052] In this embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the ammonia inlet 110 and the tail gas outlet 140 are respectively located at the axial ends of the ammonia burner 100. The hydrogen inlet 120 and the oxygen inlet 130 are both located on the sidewall of the ammonia burner 100. There are multiple groups of hydrogen inlet 120, and the multiple groups of hydrogen inlet 120 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the ammonia burner 100. Specifically, the ammonia burner 100 includes an inlet section 150, an intermediate section 160, and an outlet section 170 along its axial direction. The hydrogen inlet 120 includes a main hydrogen inlet 121, a first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122, and a second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123. The main hydrogen inlet 121 is located in the inlet section 150, the first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122 is located in the intermediate section 160, and the second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123 is located in the outlet section 170. A main hydrogen inlet 121 is provided at the inlet section 150 of the ammonia burner 100 close to the ammonia inlet 110, a first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122 is provided at the middle section 160, and a second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123 is provided at the outlet section 170 away from the ammonia inlet 110, wherein the hydrogen outputted from the cathode product outlet 212 is simultaneously transported to the main hydrogen inlet 121, the first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122 and the second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123, and the flow rate of hydrogen gradually decreases; when the ammonia burner 100 is in operation, ammonia is inputted into it through its left end and flows in the left and right directions to the tail gas outlet at its right end, and the ammonia is continuously burned during the flow process, and its concentration gradually decreases, then the larger flow rate injected into the inlet section 150 through the main hydrogen inlet 121 is reduced. A large amount of hydrogen can effectively support the combustion of ammonia with a higher concentration. The hydrogen injected into the middle section 160 and the outlet section 170 through the first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122 and the second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123 supplements hydrogen to the corresponding sections to ensure stable combustion of ammonia in the middle section 160 and the outlet section 170, thereby reducing the occurrence of a situation in which hydrogen is fully burned in the inlet section 150, resulting in low hydrogen content in the middle section 160 and the outlet section 170 and affecting the completeness of ammonia combustion; in addition, the hydrogen flow rates of the hydrogen main air inlet 121, the first hydrogen supplementary injection port 122 and the second hydrogen supplementary injection port 123 gradually decrease to adapt to the ammonia flow rate of the corresponding sections, thereby reducing the ineffective consumption of hydrogen while ensuring the completeness of ammonia combustion in each section.

[0053] Similarly, if Figure 5As shown, the oxygen inlet 130 can also be multiple groups, and the multiple groups of oxygen inlet ports 130 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the ammonia burner 100; the oxygen inlet 130 includes a main oxygen inlet 131 and an oxygen supplementary injection port 132, the main oxygen inlet 131 is located in the inlet section 150, and the oxygen supplementary injection port 132 is located in the outlet section 170. When the ammonia burner 100 is in operation, the product oxygen and air at the anode product outlet 222 can simultaneously input oxygen into the ammonia burner 100 through the oxygen main air inlet 131 and the oxygen supplementary injection port 132, wherein the oxygen input flow rate of the oxygen main air inlet 131 is greater than that of the oxygen supplementary injection port 132, thereby ensuring that different areas in the ammonia burner 100 maintain sufficient oxygen content, and correspondingly ensuring the full combustion of ammonia and hydrogen, etc., reducing the large consumption of oxygen in the inlet section 150, resulting in low oxygen content in the outlet section 170 and affecting the occurrence of the forward combustion reaction of ammonia and hydrogen, thereby ensuring the full progress of the forward combustion reaction in the ammonia burner 100.

[0054] Specifically, each group includes a plurality of hydrogen inlets 120, and the plurality of hydrogen inlets 120 in the same group are spaced apart along the circumference of the ammonia burner 100. The plurality of hydrogen inlets 120 in each group are spaced apart along the circumference of the ammonia burner 100, so that the plurality of hydrogen inlets 120 in each group can input hydrogen into the ammonia burner 100 at different positions along the circumference thereof, thereby improving the uniformity of the hydrogen input dispersion and correspondingly improving the uniformity of the mixing of hydrogen with ammonia, oxygen, etc., thereby enhancing the combustion-supporting effect of hydrogen on ammonia combustion and ensuring the combustion speed and stability of ammonia.

[0055] Similarly, each group includes multiple oxygen inlets 130, and the multiple oxygen inlets 130 in the same group are spaced apart along the circumference of the burner. Each group of multiple oxygen inlets 130 can input oxygen into the ammonia burner 100 at different locations along the circumference, thereby improving the uniformity of oxygen input, and correspondingly improving the uniformity of mixing of oxygen with hydrogen and ammonia, thereby improving the completeness of hydrogen and ammonia combustion.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0057] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ammonia combustion system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an ammonia burner (100) and an electrolytic hydrogen production device (200), wherein the ammonia burner (100) is provided with an ammonia inlet (110), a hydrogen inlet (120), an oxygen inlet (130) and a tail gas exhaust port (140); the electrolytic hydrogen production device (200) comprises a cathode product outlet (212) located on the cathode side (210) and an anode product outlet (222) located on the anode side (220), wherein the cathode product outlet (212) is in communication with the hydrogen inlet (120), and the anode product outlet (222) is in communication with the oxygen inlet (130); The ammonia combustion system further comprises a heat exchange device (300) and a steam power generation device (400), wherein the steam power generation device (400) comprises a steam turbine (410) and a generator (420) connected to the steam turbine (410), and the power transmission end (421) of the generator (420) is connected to the power supply (230) of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (200); the heat exchange device (300) comprises a hot side channel (310) and a cold side channel (320), the tail gas outlet (140) is in communication with the channel inlet of the hot side channel (310), and the cold side channel (320) comprises a first heat absorption channel section (321), the channel inlet of the first heat absorption channel section (321) is used to input low-pressure steam, and the channel outlet is in communication with the steam inlet of the steam turbine (410); The electrolytic hydrogen production device (200) is a solid oxide electrolysis device, and the cathode side (210) of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (200) is provided with a cathode raw material inlet (211), and the anode side (220) is provided with an anode raw material inlet (221), and the cathode raw material inlet (211) is connected to the channel outlet of the hot side channel (310).

2. The ammonia combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold side channel (320) comprises a second heat absorbing channel section (322), the second heat absorbing channel section (322) is located downstream of the first heat absorbing channel section (321), and the channel inlet of the second heat absorbing channel section (322) is used for inputting air, and the channel outlet is connected to the anode raw material inlet (221).

3. The ammonia combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial cathode raw materials of the electrolytic hydrogen production device (200) include water vapor and carbon dioxide.

4. The ammonia combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ammonia combustion system further comprises a controller and an ammonia storage tank (510); the output port of the ammonia storage tank (510) is connected to an ammonia delivery channel (520); the ammonia delivery channel (520) is provided with an ammonia delivery pump (530) and an ammonia pressure regulator (540) in sequence along the ammonia delivery direction; and the output end of the ammonia delivery channel (520) is provided with an ammonia nozzle (550) for spraying ammonia into the ammonia inlet (110); The communication channel between the cathode product outlet (212) and the hydrogen inlet (120) is a hydrogen transmission channel (610), and the hydrogen transmission channel (610) is provided with a hydrogen storage tank (630), a hydrogen transmission pump (640), and a hydrogen pressure regulator (650) in sequence along the hydrogen transmission direction; the communication channel between the anode product outlet (222) and the oxygen inlet (130) is an oxygen transmission channel (710), and the oxygen transmission channel (710) is provided with an oxygen storage tank (720), an oxygen transmission pump (730), and an oxygen pressure regulator (740) in sequence along the oxygen transmission direction; the ammonia transmission pump (530), the ammonia pressure regulator (540), the ammonia nozzle (550), the hydrogen transmission pump (640), the hydrogen pressure regulator (650), the oxygen transmission pump (730), and the oxygen pressure regulator (740) are all communicatively connected to the controller.

5. The ammonia combustion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ammonia burner (100) is provided with a concentration detector (180) for detecting the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. The concentration detector (180) is in communication connection with the controller. The controller is used to adjust the regulating pressure of the hydrogen pressure regulator (650) according to the nitrogen oxide concentration detected by the concentration detector (180).

6. The ammonia combustion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The output end of the hydrogen transmission channel (610) is provided with a hydrogen nozzle (660) for injecting hydrogen into the hydrogen inlet (120), and the channel section of the hydrogen transmission channel (610) located between the hydrogen nozzle (660) and the hydrogen pressure regulator (650) is connected to a hydrogen reflux channel (670), and the end of the hydrogen reflux channel (670) is connected to the hydrogen storage tank (630); And / or, the channel section of the ammonia supply channel (520) located between the ammonia nozzle (550) and the ammonia pressure regulator (540) is connected to an ammonia reflux channel (560), and the end of the ammonia reflux channel (560) is connected to the ammonia storage tank (510).

7. The ammonia combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The communication channel between the cathode product outlet (212) and the hydrogen inlet (120) is a hydrogen transmission channel (610). The hydrogen transmission channel (610) is provided with a separation device (620), a hydrogen storage tank (630), a hydrogen delivery pump (640) and a hydrogen pressure regulator (650) in sequence along the hydrogen transmission direction. The mixed gas input port (621) of the separation device (620) is connected to the cathode product outlet (212), the hydrogen output port (622) is connected to the hydrogen storage tank (630), and the water vapor output port (623) is connected to the cathode raw material inlet (211).

8. The ammonia combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The ammonia inlet (110) and the tail gas outlet (140) are respectively located at two ends of the axial direction of the ammonia burner (100); the hydrogen inlet (120) and the oxygen inlet (130) are both located on the side wall of the ammonia burner (100); and the hydrogen inlet (120) is provided in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of groups of hydrogen inlet (120) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the ammonia burner (100); And / or, the oxygen inlet ports (130) are multiple groups, and the multiple groups of oxygen inlet ports (130) are spaced apart along the axial direction of the ammonia burner (100).

Images