Alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing and method for producing same

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing technology, and specifically discloses an alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing and its preparation method, including: mixing alloy powder with a particle size of 15-45 μm and rare earth powder with a particle size of 100 nm-500 nm, so that the rare earth powder particles are uniformly dispersed in the alloy powder and adhere to the alloy powder to form a mixed powder; according to the three-dimensional structural model of the component, the mixed powder is formed layer by layer using laser selective melting technology to obtain the alloy material component; during forming, the rare earth extracts oxygen from the alloy to generate rare earth oxides, and the rare earth oxides are dispersed on the surface of each layer. This invention, by adding rare earth powder of a certain particle size, allows it to combine with residual oxygen elements in the forming cavity and powder during the forming process, and causes oxides to accumulate on the surface, achieving deoxygenation and purification, while refining the uniform microstructure and improving the uniformity of the alloy material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing technology, and more specifically, relates to an alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Selective Laser Melting (SLM) converts a three-dimensional model into a two-dimensional cross-section, uses a laser beam to melt powder in a specific area, causing it to solidify into a two-dimensional plane, and finally deposits the entire part layer by layer. SLM technology can form arbitrarily complex components without tools, molds, or fixtures, enabling the fabrication of complex and intricate parts. However, current SLM fabrication of metallic materials faces the challenge of controlling oxygen content, which can easily lead to elemental volatilization and metallurgical defects caused by oxygen combination, resulting in poor performance of the formed parts.

[0003] Therefore, for SLM forming technology, the oxygen-loving properties of rare earth elements are utilized. By adding rare earth particles to the powder material, they absorb residual oxygen in the forming cavity and powder, reducing the number and content of inclusions. Simultaneously, the formed oxides can interrupt the growth of material grains, reduce grain size, and improve the material's strength, hardness, and other properties. During the forming process, rare earth elements readily combine with oxygen to form oxides. Due to selective laser melting (SLM) layer-by-layer forming, each layer melts under a high-energy laser beam and then rapidly solidifies. Within each small molten pool, rare earth elements readily combine with oxygen in situ to form oxides, effectively capturing oxygen from the alloy to generate rare earth oxides. These oxides are dispersed on the surface of each layer. Through additive manufacturing layer-by-layer forming, oxides accumulate on the top surface, reducing the alloy's oxidation loss rate and effectively degassing and removing inclusions. Simultaneously, a grain refinement strengthening effect occurs, refining and homogenizing the microstructure, improving the alloy material's uniformity, and contributing to increased thermal stability, strength, and elongation. Therefore, using SLM technology to prepare a dedicated alloy material for laser additive manufacturing plays a crucial role in practical production and applications.

[0004] Patent CN113564437A discloses a method for preparing and forming an amorphous reinforced metal matrix composite material, which involves SLM forming by mixing amorphous alloy powder and metal powder. However, this method does not address the issue of controlling oxygen content during the forming process to prevent oxidation. Patent CN113215441A discloses a nanoparticle-reinforced titanium matrix composite material based on SLM forming and its preparation method, which prepares the composite material through multiple reinforcing phases. However, this method cannot accurately control oxides during the forming process, resulting in excessive metal oxides and rare earth oxides in the molten pool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the existing technology, the present invention provides an alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing and its preparation method. The purpose is to effectively control the problem of easy oxidation of the part and the increase in the number and content of inclusions during the SLM forming process, thereby regulating the microstructure of the part and improving its structural performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Alloy powder with a particle size of 15-45 μm and rare earth powder with a particle size of 100 nm-500 nm are mixed so that the rare earth powder particles are uniformly dispersed in the alloy powder and the rare earth powder adheres to the alloy powder to form a mixed powder.

[0008] Based on the three-dimensional structural model of the component, the mixed powder is formed layer by layer using laser selective melting technology to obtain the alloy material component; during the forming process, rare earth elements take oxygen from the alloy to generate rare earth oxides, and these rare earth oxides are dispersed on the surface of each layer.

[0009] As a further preferred embodiment, the rare earth powder accounts for 0.3% to 3% of the mass fraction in the mixed powder.

[0010] As a further preferred embodiment, the rare earth powder accounts for 1% to 3% of the mass fraction in the mixed powder.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment, the particle size of the rare earth powder is 100nm to 200nm.

[0012] As a further preferred option, when performing laser selective melting, the laser power is 100W to 500W, the scanning rate is 400mm / s to 2000mm / s, the scanning interval is 0.06mm to 0.12mm, and the layer thickness is 0.03mm to 0.06mm.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment, the rare earth powder is one or a combination of yttrium, scandium, and niobium.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment, the alloy powder is one or a combination of iron-based alloys, aluminum alloys, and titanium alloys.

[0015] As a further preferred method, when forming the first few layers of components: a layer of powder is laid out, and after the laser beam forms a layer according to a preset trajectory, the scanning direction is rotated 90° to scan again, remelting the solidified area, and then the next layer is formed.

[0016] As a further preferred option, after the first few layers are formed: the scanning is not repeated, but the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated by 67° until the entire component is formed.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, an alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing is provided, which is prepared by the above-described preparation method.

[0018] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention mainly possess the following technical advantages:

[0019] 1. This invention uses micron-sized alloy powder and nano-sized rare earth elemental powder as raw materials. When the powder melts, the nano-sized rare earth particles easily form rare earth oxides, and during the layer-by-layer forming process, the rare earth oxides accumulate on the surface, ultimately reducing the oxides inside the component. This can solve the problem of difficult oxygen content control in laser manufacturing. It can improve the mechanical properties of alloy materials such as strength, plasticity, and wear resistance, and solve the problems of long processing time, many processes, high processing costs, difficulty in forming the whole, difficulty in controlling component deformation, and difficulty in controlling microstructure in traditional processing methods.

[0020] 2. This invention utilizes the oxygen-loving properties of rare earth elements. By adding small-diameter rare earth particles to the powder material, these particles absorb residual oxygen in the forming cavity and powder, effectively extracting oxygen to generate rare earth oxides. These oxides are then dispersed on the surface of each layer, reducing internal oxides and thus decreasing the alloy's oxidation loss rate and effectively degassing and removing inclusions. The oxides on the surface of each layer can interrupt grain growth, reduce grain size, and achieve grain refinement, thereby refining the microstructure, improving the uniformity of the alloy material, and enhancing thermal stability, strength, and elongation. Specifically, in the laser additive manufacturing process, metal powder melts under heat to form a molten pool. Due to the presence of a thermal gradient, and the influence of buoyancy, surface tension, gravity, and the Marangoni effect on the liquid in the molten pool, liquid flow occurs, and the temperature distribution is also affected. Changes in the molten pool temperature cause liquid flow, and the two interact, ultimately achieving a dynamic equilibrium. Most of the mixed powders are in a satellite powder state, that is, nano-rare earth powders are adhered to micron alloy powders. When the mixed powders melt, the rare earth powders are very easy to fall off, and under the action of many forces, a non-equilibrium phenomenon occurs, and they move to the surface of each layer.

[0021] 3. Based on the effect of gravity, the composition of alloy and rare earth powder is pre-designed to determine the mass fraction of rare earth elemental powder. When the mass fraction of rare earth is too small, although the addition of rare earth can make the grain size in the alloy finer, it is easy to cause interfacial segregation, which leads to a decrease in the interfacial bonding strength in the alloy and fails to reflect the grain refinement effect. When there is too much rare earth, rare earth and alloy elements form intermetallic compounds, which reduces the grain refinement effect of rare earth elements, resulting in microstructure deterioration and coarsening of the alloy.

[0022] 4. The present invention designs a laser selective melting forming method. When forming the first few layers of components, the solidified area is repeatedly scanned in the vertical direction, thereby forming an excellent metallurgical bonding effect between the substrate and the formed part. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the ball-milled mixed powder according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of a component manufactured by additive manufacturing with mixed powder according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing, comprising the following steps:

[0027] (1) Select alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45 μm and rare earth elemental powder with a particle size range of 100-500 nm as raw materials. Ball mill the two in an inert gas atmosphere. By ball milling, the rare earth particles are mixed evenly and dispersed in the alloy powder to obtain mixed powder. Dry the ball-milled powder.

[0028] Specifically, during ball milling, the increased temperature inside the jar can easily cause oxidation of the alloy powder. Therefore, it is necessary to evacuate the ball mill jar and introduce argon gas before ball milling to prevent powder oxidation. To reduce the impact of air moisture and oxygen on the powder and ensure the cleanliness of the raw materials, drying treatment is also required in a vacuum environment.

[0029] (2) Based on the three-dimensional structural model of the designed product, the obtained mixed powder is formed using laser selective melting technology, which can obtain the complete designed product without machining or post-cutting. During the forming process, rare earth elements take oxygen from the alloy to generate rare earth oxides, and these rare earth oxides are dispersed on the surface of each layer.

[0030] Specifically, a 3D model of the metal matrix composite component is first designed using 3D modeling software, sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for selective laser melting. Then, a clean and dry substrate is placed on the forming equipment's worktable, and a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) is pre-introduced to control the oxygen content within the cavity. A layer of powder is spread on the substrate surface, and a high-energy laser beam forms the first layer according to a pre-designed trajectory. The scanning direction is then rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area. The substrate is then lowered to a certain height, and the next layer of powder is spread on it. This process is repeated to form 1-5 layers, achieving an excellent metallurgical bond between the substrate and the formed part. After the fifth layer, scanning is no longer repeated; only the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated 67° until the entire part is formed. After the part cools naturally, it is cut and separated from the substrate to obtain the final metal matrix composite material.

[0031] Preferably, the mass fraction of rare earth elemental powder in the mixed powder is 0.3% to 3%, more preferably 1% to 3%, and even more preferably 1.5%; no chemical reaction occurs between the alloy powder and the rare earth elemental powder.

[0032] Preferably, the rare earth powder has a particle size of 100-500 nm, and more preferably 100-200 nm. This design can also avoid the rare earth compounds having an excessively large specific surface area when the particle size is too small, resulting in poor flowability and easy agglomeration; or the rare earth compounds being unevenly distributed when the particle size is too large, which can easily lead to component segregation.

[0033] Preferably, when performing selective laser melting, the high-energy laser beam source is a Y-type laser. b Fiber laser, with laser power of 100W to 500W, scanning speed of 400mm / s to 2000mm / s, scanning spacing of 0.06mm to 0.12mm, and layer thickness of 0.03mm to 0.06mm.

[0034] Preferably, the ball milling time is 1h to 5h and the rotation speed is 150rpm to 300rpm.

[0035] Preferably, the alloy powder is one or a combination of iron-based alloys (such as steel), aluminum alloys, or titanium alloys.

[0036] Preferably, the rare earth elemental powder is one or a combination of yttrium, scandium, or niobium.

[0037] This invention modifies rare earth element powder with a specific particle size through reaction. Rare earth elements have good oxygen affinity and combine with residual oxygen in the forming cavity and powder during the forming process, generating oxides at the edge of the molten pool. These oxides distribute along the molten pool, and as the next layer melts, they rise to the surface. Through additive manufacturing, layer-by-layer forming allows the oxides to accumulate on the surface, achieving deoxygenation and purification, while simultaneously refining the grain size. This refines the microstructure, improves the uniformity of the alloy material, enhances thermal stability, and significantly increases the strength and elongation of the alloy material. This method reduces the impact of oxygen content on the quality of the formed part during selective laser melting, while significantly refining the grain size and improving defect problems. It can produce metal matrix composite parts with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and complex, precise shapes.

[0038] The following are specific examples:

[0039] Example 1

[0040] The specific steps for preparing and forming scandium / aluminum alloy materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0041] (1) A three-dimensional model of the aluminum alloy material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0042] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical aluminum alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45 micrometers and high-purity Sc powder with a particle size range of 100-500 nm, and store them in a vacuum environment after drying.

[0043] (3) Preparation of composite powder by ball milling: Aluminum alloy powder and 3 wt.% high-purity Sc powder were ball milled in an inert gas atmosphere to achieve uniform mixing through low-energy ball milling. The ball milling conditions were: milling time 4 hours, speed 270 rpm. Before ball milling, the milling jar was evacuated and argon gas was introduced to prevent powder oxidation. To reduce the impact of air moisture and oxygen on the powder and ensure the cleanliness of the raw materials, drying was also required in a vacuum environment. The mixed powder was as follows... Figure 1 As shown, small rare earth particles are attached to the alloy powder.

[0044] (4) Place the clean and dry aluminum alloy substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment, and pre-introduce a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.01%. The high-energy laser beam source is a Yb fiber laser. The aluminum alloy powder has a low laser absorption rate, and the Sc element burn-off rate is related to the laser energy density. To ensure good forming effect, the laser power is selected as 400W, the scanning speed is 720mm / s, the spacing is 0.12mm, and the layer thickness is 0.03mm. A layer of powder is laid on the substrate surface. The high-energy laser beam forms the first layer according to the pre-designed trajectory. Then, the scanning direction is rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area. Then the substrate is lowered by one height, and the next layer of powder is laid on the substrate. Repeat the above operation to form 1-5 layers, forming an excellent metallurgical bonding effect between the substrate and the formed part. After 5 layers, the scanning is no longer repeated. Only the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated 67° until the entire formed part is formed. After the part cools naturally, the part and the substrate are cut and separated to obtain the final aluminum alloy material, such as Figure 2 As shown. After adjusting the above process parameters, the density of the aluminum alloy can be stabilized at over 99.5%.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] The specific steps for preparing and forming scandium / aluminum alloy materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0047] (1) A three-dimensional model of the aluminum alloy material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0048] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical aluminum alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45 micrometers and high-purity Sc powder with a particle size range of 100-500 nm, and store them in a vacuum environment after drying.

[0049] (3) Preparation of composite powder by ball milling: Aluminum alloy powder and 1.5 wt.% high-purity Sc powder were ball milled in an inert gas atmosphere to achieve uniform mixing through low-energy ball milling. Ball milling conditions: ball milling time 4 h, speed 270 rpm. Before ball milling, the ball milling jar was evacuated and argon gas was introduced to prevent powder oxidation. To reduce the impact of air moisture and oxygen on the powder and ensure the cleanliness of the raw materials, drying treatment was also required in a vacuum environment.

[0050] (4) Place the clean and dry aluminum alloy substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment, and pre-introduce a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.01%. The high-energy laser beam source is a Yb fiber laser. The aluminum alloy powder has a low laser absorption rate, and the Sc element burn-off rate is related to the laser energy density. To ensure good forming effect, the laser power is selected as 400W, the scanning speed is 720mm / s, the spacing is 0.12mm, and the layer thickness is 0.03mm. A layer of powder is laid on the substrate surface. The high-energy laser beam forms the first layer according to the pre-designed trajectory. Then, the scanning direction is rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area. Then the substrate is lowered by one height, and the next layer of powder is laid on the substrate. Repeat the above operation to form 1-5 layers, forming an excellent metallurgical bonding effect between the substrate and the formed part. After 5 layers, the scanning is no longer repeated. Only the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated 67° until the formed part is formed as a whole. After the part cools naturally, the part and the substrate are cut and separated to obtain the final aluminum alloy material. After adjusting the above process parameters, the density of aluminum alloy can be stabilized at over 99.7%.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] The specific steps for preparing and forming scandium / aluminum alloy materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0053] (1) A three-dimensional model of the aluminum alloy material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0054] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical aluminum alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45 micrometers and high-purity Sc powder with a particle size range of 100-500 nm, and store them in a vacuum environment after drying.

[0055] (3) Preparation of composite powder by ball milling: Aluminum alloy powder and 0.3 wt.% high-purity Sc powder were ball milled in an inert gas atmosphere to achieve uniform mixing through low-energy ball milling. Ball milling conditions: ball milling time 4 h, speed 270 rpm. Before ball milling, the ball milling jar was evacuated and argon gas was introduced to prevent powder oxidation. To reduce the impact of air moisture and oxygen on the powder and ensure the cleanliness of the raw materials, drying treatment was also required in a vacuum environment.

[0056] (4) Place the clean and dry aluminum alloy substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment, and pre-introduce a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.01%. The high-energy laser beam source is a Yb fiber laser. The aluminum alloy powder has a low laser absorption rate, and the Sc element burn-off rate is related to the laser energy density. To ensure good forming effect, the laser power is selected as 400W, the scanning speed is 720mm / s, the spacing is 0.12mm, and the layer thickness is 0.03mm. A layer of powder is laid on the substrate surface. The high-energy laser beam forms the first layer according to the pre-designed trajectory. Then, the scanning direction is rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area. Then the substrate is lowered by one height, and the next layer of powder is laid on the substrate. Repeat the above operation to form 1-5 layers, forming an excellent metallurgical bonding effect between the substrate and the formed part. After 5 layers, the scanning is no longer repeated. Only the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated 67° until the formed part is formed as a whole. After the part cools naturally, the part and the substrate are cut and separated to obtain the final aluminum alloy material. After adjusting the above process parameters, the density of aluminum alloy can be stabilized at over 99.4%.

[0057] Example 4

[0058] The specific steps for preparing and forming niobium / titanium alloy materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0059] (1) A three-dimensional model of the titanium alloy material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0060] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical titanium alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45μm and high-purity Nb powder with a particle size range of 100-200nm, and store them in a vacuum environment after drying.

[0061] (3) Preparation of composite powder by ball milling: Titanium alloy powder and 1.5 wt.% high-purity Nb powder were ball milled in an inert gas atmosphere and mixed uniformly by low-energy ball milling. Ball milling conditions: ball milling time 3 h, rotation speed 210 rpm.

[0062] (4) Place the clean and dry titanium alloy substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment. To fully melt the Nb element and reduce the temperature gradient to decrease residual stress, preheat the substrate to 100°C and pre-introduce a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.01%. The high-energy laser beam source is Y... b A fiber laser with a power of 350W, a scanning speed of 1500mm / s, a spacing of 0.08mm, and a layer thickness of 0.03mm was used. The titanium alloy was formed according to the forming method described in Example 1 to obtain the final titanium alloy material. After adjusting the above process parameters, the titanium alloy exhibits excellent yield strength and tensile strength.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] The specific steps for preparing and forming yttrium / stainless steel materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0065] (1) A three-dimensional model of the stainless steel material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0066] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical stainless steel powder with a particle size range of 15-45μm and high-purity Y powder with a particle size range of 100-200nm, and store them in a vacuum environment after drying.

[0067] (3) Preparation of composite powder by ball milling: Stainless steel powder and 1 wt.% high-purity Y powder were ball milled in an inert gas atmosphere and mixed uniformly by low-energy ball milling. Ball milling conditions: ball milling time 5 h, rotation speed 180 rpm.

[0068] (4) Place the clean and dry stainless steel substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment. Under high laser power, some metals and rare earth elements in the stainless steel material will vaporize, increasing the element burn-off rate. To ensure good forming of the stainless steel material, a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) is introduced beforehand to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.1%. The high-energy laser beam source is Y... b A fiber laser with a power of 150W, a scanning speed of 500mm / s, a spacing of 0.09mm, and a layer thickness of 0.03mm was used. The forming process was performed according to the forming method in Example 1 to obtain stainless steel material.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] The specific steps for preparing and forming aluminum alloy materials using selective laser melting technology are as follows:

[0071] (1) A three-dimensional model of the aluminum alloy material component was designed using three-dimensional modeling software and sliced ​​and layered, and converted into an STL file for laser selective melting processing.

[0072] (2) Raw material preparation: Select spherical aluminum alloy powder with a particle size range of 15-45 micrometers, dry it and store it in a vacuum environment;

[0073] (3) Place a clean and dry aluminum alloy substrate on the worktable of the forming equipment, and pre-introduce a certain amount of high-purity argon gas (≥99.99%) to ensure that the oxygen content in the cavity is less than 0.01%. The high-energy laser beam source is a Yb fiber laser. Due to the low laser absorption rate of aluminum alloy powder, a laser power of 400W, a scanning speed of 720mm / s, a spacing of 0.12mm, and a layer thickness of 0.03mm are selected to ensure good forming effect. A layer of powder is laid on the substrate surface, and the high-energy laser beam forms the first layer according to the pre-designed trajectory. Then, the scanning direction is rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area. Then, the substrate is lowered to a certain height, and the next layer of powder is laid on the substrate. Repeat the above operation to form 1-5 layers, forming an excellent metallurgical bonding effect between the substrate and the formed part. After 5 layers, the scanning is no longer repeated, but the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated 67° until the formed part is formed as a whole. After the part cools naturally, the part and the substrate are cut and separated to obtain the final aluminum alloy material.

[0074] Mechanical tests were conducted on the molding materials of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1. The four materials were aluminum-based materials with different rare earth content. The test method was ASTM E8 / E8M standard. The room temperature tensile properties of the standard tensile samples were tested using a C43.104 30kN high temperature electronic universal testing machine manufactured by Shanghai Xin Sansi. The test speed was 1.5 mm / min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0075] Table 1 Test Results

[0076] Example Adding rare earth elements Add quality score Tensile strength Plasticity Example 1 Sc 3％ 443.9 MPa 9.6％ Example 2 Sc 1.5％ 460.8MPa 13.2％ Example 3 Sc 0.3％ 410.3 MPa 9.1％ Comparative Example 1 Sc 0 311.4MPa 5.5％

[0077] As shown in Table 1, the method of the present invention can significantly improve the mechanical properties of materials. In Example 2, the tensile strength and plasticity are the best. After adding more rare earth content, the tensile strength and plasticity are reduced.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Particle size of 15~45 The alloy powder of size m and rare earth powder with a particle size of 100nm~500nm are mixed to make the rare earth powder particles uniformly dispersed in the alloy powder and adhered to the alloy powder to form a mixed powder; the mass fraction of rare earth powder in the mixed powder is 1.5%~3%; the rare earth powder is one or a combination of yttrium and scandium, and the alloy powder is one or a combination of iron-based alloy, aluminum alloy, and titanium alloy. Based on the three-dimensional structural model of the component, the mixed powder is formed layer by layer using laser selective melting technology to obtain the alloy material component; during the forming process, rare earth elements take oxygen from the alloy to generate rare earth oxides, and these rare earth oxides are dispersed on the surface of each layer.

2. The method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the rare earth powder is 100nm~200nm.

3. The method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing as described in claim 1, characterized in that, When performing laser selective melting, the laser power is 100W~500W, the scanning rate is 400mm / s~2000mm / s, the scanning spacing is 0.06mm~0.12mm, and the layer thickness is 0.03mm~0.06mm.

4. The method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, When forming the first few layers of components: a layer of powder is laid, and after the laser beam forms a layer according to the preset trajectory, the scanning direction is rotated 90° and scanned again to remelt the solidified area before forming the next layer.

5. The method for preparing alloy material components based on laser additive manufacturing as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After the first few layers are formed: the scanning is no longer repeated, but the laser scanning direction between layers is rotated by 67° until the entire component is formed.

6. An alloy material component based on laser additive manufacturing, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-5.

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