A special dimming method for three-dimensional five-axis cutting head

Abstract

The present invention provides a special dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, which belongs to the technical field of laser cutting head processing. The method uses three long cylindrical dimming tools, and the dimming tools are installed completely horizontally or vertically in the cavity of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. The optical path states at the light beam output point, the first refraction point, and the second refraction point are viewed through imaging lenses installed at the ends of the dimming tools for observing laser imaging. By rotating the key node axis of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, adjusting the angle of the light and observing the point where the light arrives, adjustment is made to ensure that the output light beam is output parallel to the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, and no matter how the key axes of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head rotate at any angle, the light beam is always at the middle point when output at the nozzle at the bottom end of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser cutting head processing, and in particular relates to a special dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. Background Art

[0002] Laser cutting, a new thermal cutting technology, has become a leading method for cutting sheet metal due to its advantages, including fast cutting speed, high production efficiency, high-quality cut end surfaces, minimal heat-affected zone, and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, with the widespread adoption of 3D five-axis laser cutting machines, the 3D five-axis cutting head, as a key component of these machines, has become a necessary research topic.

[0003] Currently, the most critical aspects of the research on 3D five-axis cutting heads are ensuring accurate light adjustment and maintaining the concentricity of the laser light path during full rotation. Consequently, various 3D five-axis cutting heads are available on the market. Most currently available 3D five-axis cutting heads utilize a birefringent mirror, which rotates with the cutting head, thereby achieving consistent rotation of the laser light path and ultimately focusing the cutting process.

[0004] However, in this three-dimensional five-axis cutting head structure with a double refractive mirror, since the refractive lens needs to rotate with the cutting head, it is difficult for the operator to control the inclination angle of the corresponding refractive lens when installing the two refractive lenses inside the cutting head; and if there is a problem with the final placement angle of the refractive lens, the center point of the optical path of the entire three-dimensional five-axis cutting head will also be affected by the inclination angle of the refractive lens and change, thereby affecting the final cutting effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a special dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head that is simple to operate, saves time and effort, so as to overcome the problem that the laser light path in the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head in the prior art is difficult to adjust, and ensure that the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head can stably transmit the light path.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method, which includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Install the fiber rod of the fiber laser at the laser input end of the cutting head, and make the auxiliary light emitted by the fiber rod pass through the cavity of the cutting head at the A-axis rotation axis;

[0008] Step 2: Remove the A-axis refraction mirror set below the A-axis rotation axis, and vertically insert the dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the A-axis rotation axis. The dimming tool is equipped with an imaging lens, and the imaging lens is kept horizontal in the cavity of the A-axis rotation axis.

[0009] Step 3: Adjust the adjustment device 1 at the laser input end of the cutting head to change the incident angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod until the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod is located at the center of the imaging lens in the dimming tool, and then remove the dimming tool;

[0010] Step 4: Install the A-axis refractor at the bottom of the A-axis rotation axis through the second adjustment device;

[0011] Step 5: Remove the C-axis refractor on the C-axis rotation shaft and insert a light-adjusting tool horizontally into the cavity of the C-axis rotation shaft so that the imaging lens in the light-adjusting tool remains in a vertical position in the cavity of the C-axis rotation shaft.

[0012] Step 6: Rotate the A-axis rotation axis and adjust the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the A-axis refractor by adjusting the second adjustment device at the C-axis rotation axis until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after being refracted by the A-axis refractor is located at the center of the imaging lens in the light adjustment tool, and then remove the light adjustment tool;

[0013] Step 7: Install the C-axis refractor at the end of the C-axis rotation shaft through the adjustment device 3;

[0014] Step 8: Remove the cutting head assembly at the bottom of the C-axis rotating shaft, and vertically insert the dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft so that the imaging lens set in the dimming tool remains horizontal in the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft;

[0015] Step 9: When the A-axis rotation axis is at any angle, rotate the C-axis rotation axis and change the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the C-axis refractor by adjusting the adjustment device 3 at the C-axis rotation axis until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after being refracted by the C-axis refractor is located at the center of the imaging lens in the light adjustment tool, and then remove the light adjustment tool;

[0016] Step 10: Install the cutting head assembly.

[0017] During the dimming process, the present invention mainly utilizes tool imaging to ensure that the entire light beam can be output completely horizontally or vertically. That is, this method uses three long cylindrical dimming tools, and enables them to fully mesh with the three optical path channels inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by relying on the cooperation of the high-precision cavity inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, and the installation direction of the dimming tools is completely horizontal or vertical. In this way, on the one hand, the present invention can view the optical path status at the beam output point, the first refraction point, and the second refraction point through the imaging lens installed at the end of the dimming tool for observing laser imaging; on the other hand, the present invention can adjust the output beam parallel to the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by rotating the key node axis of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, adjusting the angle of the light and observing the point where the light arrives, and adjusting the angle of the two refraction mirrors to be relatively parallel. The rotation adjustment process ensures that the output beam of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is always presented at the middle point of the imaging mirror. The entire dimming process ensures that the laser always maintains a 90° refraction through each key turning point of the laser, and ultimately achieves that no matter how the key axes of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head rotate at any angle, the beam is always at the middle point when it is output at the nozzle at the bottom end of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head.

[0018] Furthermore, in step six, the rotation angle of the A-axis rotation axis is 360 degrees, so as to ensure that the A-axis refraction mirror can always ensure that the laser beam is horizontally refracted from the middle point during any rotation process of the A-axis rotation axis.

[0019] Furthermore, in step nine, the rotation angle of the C-axis rotation axis is 360 degrees, so as to ensure that the C-axis refraction mirror can always ensure that the laser beam is horizontally refracted from the middle point during any rotation process of the C-axis rotation axis.

[0020] Furthermore, the adjustment device includes a collimator lens mounting seat, a collimator lens is installed inside the collimator lens mounting seat, an adjustment plate is installed outside the collimator lens mounting seat, the edge of the adjustment plate is mounted with a base plate through four sets of adjustment bolts, the base plate is fixedly mounted on the A-axis rotation axis, and the placement angle of the collimator lens can be changed by screwing the four sets of adjustment bolts.

[0021] Furthermore, the second adjustment device includes an A-axis mounting seat, an A-axis refractor is installed inside the A-axis mounting seat, and an adjustment plate 2 is installed outside the A-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate 2 is installed on the C-axis rotation axis through three sets of adjustment bolts, and the placement angle of the A-axis refractor can be changed by screwing the three sets of adjustment bolts.

[0022] Furthermore, the adjustment device three includes a C-axis mounting seat, a C-axis refractor is installed inside the C-axis mounting seat, and an adjustment plate three is installed outside the C-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate three is installed on the C-axis rotation axis through three sets of adjustment bolts, and the placement angle of the C-axis refractor can be changed by screwing the three sets of adjustment bolts.

[0023] Furthermore, the dimming tool includes a dimming lens barrel, and an imaging lens is provided at the lower end of the dimming lens barrel. The imaging lens is used to assist the operator in observing the light path status at the light beam output point, the first refraction point, and the second refraction point.

[0024] Furthermore, a sealing strip is provided at the upper end of the dimming lens barrel, and the sealing strip prevents dust and other debris from entering the interior of the dimming lens barrel, thereby achieving the purpose of protecting the imaging lens.

[0025] Furthermore, the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod of the optical fiber laser is a cold laser, so as to prevent the operator from being accidentally injured by the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod.

[0026] Furthermore, the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod of the optical fiber laser is red light, so that the operator can check and judge the direction of the light path.

[0027] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention mainly utilizes tool imaging to ensure that the entire light beam can be output completely horizontally or vertically. That is, this method uses three long cylindrical dimming tools, and enables them to fully mesh with the three optical path channels inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by relying on the cooperation of the high-precision cavity inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, and the installation direction of the dimming tools is completely horizontal or vertical. In this way, on the one hand, the present invention can view the optical path status at the beam output point, the first refraction point, and the second refraction point through the imaging lens installed at the end of the dimming tool for observing laser imaging; on the other hand, the present invention can adjust the output beam parallel to the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by rotating the key node axis of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, adjusting the angle of the light and observing the point where the light arrives, and adjusting the angles of the two refraction mirrors to be relatively parallel. The rotation adjustment process ensures that the beam of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is always at the middle point of the imaging mirror. The entire dimming process ensures that the laser always maintains a 90° refraction through each key turning point of the laser, and ultimately achieves that no matter how the key axes of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head rotate at any angle, the beam is always at the middle point when it is output at the nozzle at the bottom end of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal optical path of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dimming tool in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the regulating device 2 in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Laser input end; 2. Adjustment device 1; 3. Collimator mirror; 4. A-axis rotation axis; 5. Adjustment device 2; 6. A-axis refraction mirror; 7. C-axis rotation axis; 8. C-axis refraction mirror; 9. Cutting head assembly; 10. Adjustment bolt; 11. Dimming lens barrel; 12. Imaging lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method, which includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: Install the fiber rod of the fiber laser at the laser input end 1 of the cutting head, and make the red auxiliary light emitted by the fiber rod pass through the cavity of the cutting head at the A-axis rotation axis 4. The red light is an ordinary cold laser with the same form as the output hot laser.

[0036] Step 2: Remove the A-axis refraction mirror 6 provided below the A-axis rotating shaft 4, and vertically insert a dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the A-axis rotating shaft 4. The dimming tool includes a dimming lens barrel 11. A sealing strip is provided at the upper end of the dimming lens barrel 11, and an imaging lens 12 is provided at the lower end of the dimming lens barrel 11. The imaging lens 12 is kept horizontal in the cavity of the A-axis rotating shaft 4.

[0037] Step 3: Change the incident angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod by adjusting the adjustment device 2 at the laser input end 1 of the cutting head until the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod is located at the center of the imaging lens 12 in the dimming tool, and then remove the dimming tool;

[0038] Step 4: Install the A-axis refraction mirror 6 at the bottom of the A-axis rotation shaft 4 through the second adjustment device 5;

[0039] Step 5: Remove the C-axis refraction mirror 8 provided on the C-axis rotating shaft 7, and insert the dimming tool horizontally into the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft 7, so that the imaging lens 12 provided in the dimming tool remains in a vertical state in the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft 7;

[0040] Step 6: Rotate the A-axis rotation shaft 4 360 degrees and adjust the adjustment device 2 5 on the C-axis rotation shaft 7 to change the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the A-axis refractor 6 until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after being refracted by the A-axis refractor 6 is located at the center of the imaging lens 12 in the light adjustment tool. Remove the light adjustment tool.

[0041] Step 7: Install the C-axis refraction mirror 8 at the end of the C-axis rotation shaft 7 through the adjustment device 3;

[0042] Step 8: Remove the cutting head assembly 9 at the bottom of the C-axis rotating shaft 7, and vertically insert the dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft 7, so that the imaging lens 12 set in the dimming tool remains horizontal in the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft 7;

[0043] Step 9: When the A-axis rotation axis 4 is at any angle, rotate the C-axis rotation axis 7 360 degrees and adjust the adjustment device 3 on the C-axis rotation axis 7 to change the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the C-axis refractor 8 until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after refraction by the C-axis refractor 8 is located at the center of the imaging lens 12 in the light adjustment tool. Then remove the light adjustment tool.

[0044] Step 10: Install the cutting head assembly 9.

[0045] Furthermore, in step 3, the adjustment device 1 2 is a collimator lens mounting structure provided at the laser input end of the A-axis rotation shaft 4. Specifically, the adjustment device 1 2 includes a collimator lens mounting seat, within which the collimator lens 3 is mounted, and an adjustment plate 1 is mounted externally thereto. Four sets of adjustment bolts 10 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the edge of the adjustment plate 1, and a base plate 1 is mounted via these four sets of adjustment bolts 10. The base plate 1 is fixedly mounted on the A-axis rotation shaft 4, and the placement angle of the collimator lens 3 can be changed by screwing the four sets of adjustment bolts 10.

[0046] In step 4, the second adjustment device 5 is a mounting structure for the A-axis refractor 6 disposed on the C-axis rotation shaft 7. Specifically, the second adjustment device 5 includes an A-axis mounting seat, within which the A-axis refractor 6 is mounted. An adjustment plate 2 is mounted externally to the A-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate 2 is evenly distributed with three sets of adjustment bolts 10 along the circumference. The adjustment plate 2 is mounted on the C-axis rotation shaft 7 via these three sets of adjustment bolts 10. The placement angle of the A-axis refractor 6 can be changed by tightening the three sets of adjustment bolts 10.

[0047] In step 7, the third adjustment device is a mounting structure for the C-axis refractor 8 positioned on the C-axis rotation shaft 7. Specifically, the third adjustment device includes a C-axis mounting seat, within which the C-axis refractor 8 is mounted. An adjustment plate 3 is mounted externally to the C-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate 3 is uniformly circumferentially provided with three sets of adjustment bolts 10. The adjustment plate 3 is mounted on the C-axis rotation shaft 7 via these three sets of adjustment bolts 10. The placement angle of the C-axis refractor 8 can be adjusted by tightening the three sets of adjustment bolts 10.

[0048] During the dimming process, the present invention mainly utilizes tool imaging to ensure that the entire light beam can be output completely horizontally or vertically. That is, this method uses three long cylindrical dimming tools, and enables them to fully mesh with the three optical path channels inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by relying on the cooperation of the high-precision cavity inside the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, and the installation direction of the dimming tools is completely horizontal or vertical. In this way, on the one hand, the present invention can view the optical path status at the beam output point, the first refraction point, and the second refraction point through the imaging lens installed at the end of the dimming tool for observing laser imaging; on the other hand, the present invention can adjust the output beam parallel to the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head by rotating the key node axis of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head, adjusting the angle of the light and observing the point where the light arrives, and adjusting the angle of the two refraction mirrors to be relatively parallel. The rotation adjustment process ensures that the output beam of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head is always presented at the middle point of the imaging mirror. The entire dimming process ensures that the laser always maintains a 90° refraction through each key turning point of the laser, and ultimately achieves that no matter how the key axes of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head rotate at any angle, the beam is always at the middle point when it is output at the nozzle at the bottom end of the three-dimensional five-axis cutting head.

[0049] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so forth (if any) in the description and claims of the present invention and in the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0050] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install the fiber rod of the fiber laser at the laser input end of the cutting head, and make the auxiliary light emitted by the fiber rod pass through the cavity of the cutting head at the A-axis rotation axis; Step 2: Remove the A-axis refraction mirror set below the A-axis rotation axis, and vertically insert the dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the A-axis rotation axis. The dimming tool is equipped with an imaging lens, and the imaging lens is kept horizontal in the cavity of the A-axis rotation axis. Step 3: Adjust the adjustment device 1 at the laser input end of the cutting head to change the incident angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod until the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod is located at the center of the imaging lens in the dimming tool, and then remove the dimming tool; Step 4: Install the A-axis refractor at the bottom of the A-axis rotation axis through the second adjustment device; Step 5: Remove the C-axis refractor on the C-axis rotation shaft and insert a light-adjusting tool horizontally into the cavity of the C-axis rotation shaft so that the imaging lens in the light-adjusting tool remains in a vertical position in the cavity of the C-axis rotation shaft. Step 6: Rotate the A-axis rotation axis and adjust the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the A-axis refractor by adjusting the second adjustment device at the C-axis rotation axis until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after being refracted by the A-axis refractor is located at the center of the imaging lens in the light adjustment tool, and then remove the light adjustment tool; Step 7: Install the C-axis refractor at the end of the C-axis rotation shaft through the adjustment device 3; Step 8: Remove the cutting head assembly at the bottom of the C-axis rotating shaft, and vertically insert the dimming tool into the bottom of the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft so that the imaging lens set in the dimming tool remains horizontal in the cavity of the C-axis rotating shaft; Step 9: When the A-axis rotation axis is at any angle, rotate the C-axis rotation axis and change the refraction angle of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod at the C-axis refractor by adjusting the adjustment device 3 at the C-axis rotation axis until the optical path of the auxiliary light emitted by the optical fiber rod after being refracted by the C-axis refractor is located at the center of the imaging lens in the light adjustment tool, and then remove the light adjustment tool; Step 10: Install the cutting head assembly.

2. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the rotation angle of the A-axis is 360 degrees.

3. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step nine, the rotation angle of the C-axis is 360 degrees.

4. The three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment device 1 includes a collimator lens mounting seat, a collimator lens is installed inside the collimator lens mounting seat, an adjustment plate 1 is installed outside the collimator lens mounting seat, and the edge of the adjustment plate 1 is installed with a base plate 1 through four sets of adjustment bolts. The base plate 1 is fixedly installed on the A-axis rotation axis.

5. The three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second adjustment device includes an A-axis mounting seat, an A-axis refractor is installed inside the A-axis mounting seat, and an adjustment plate 2 is installed outside the A-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate 2 is installed on the C-axis rotation shaft through three sets of adjustment bolts.

6. The three-dimensional five-axis cutting head dedicated dimming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third adjustment device includes a C-axis mounting seat, a C-axis refractor is installed inside the C-axis mounting seat, and an adjustment plate three is installed outside the C-axis mounting seat. The edge of the adjustment plate three is installed on the C-axis rotation axis through three sets of adjustment bolts.

7. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light adjusting tool comprises a light adjusting lens barrel, and an imaging lens is arranged at the lower end of the light adjusting lens barrel.

8. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 7, characterized in that: A sealing strip is provided on the upper end of the dimming lens barrel.

9. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary light emitted by the fiber rod of the fiber laser is cold laser.

10. The dedicated dimming method for a three-dimensional five-axis cutting head according to claim 9, characterized in that: The auxiliary light emitted by the fiber rod of the fiber laser is red light.

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