Positioning fixture and method

Abstract

The application discloses a positioning and clamping device, which comprises a workbench, a clamping assembly and a positioning assembly; the upper part of the clamping assembly is a clamping part, the clamping part is fixed on the workbench, and a product to be drilled is installed on the clamping part of the clamping assembly; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning telescopic mechanism, a positioning spring and a positioning pin; the positioning telescopic mechanism is arranged on the workbench, the upper end of the positioning telescopic mechanism is a telescopic end, and the telescopic end can be telescopically extended in the vertical direction; the lower end of the positioning spring is connected with the telescopic end of the positioning telescopic mechanism, the upper part of the positioning spring is arranged in the positioning pin in the vertical direction, and the head of the positioning pin can be matched with a drilling positioning groove arranged on the product to be drilled. The application further discloses a product drilling positioning and clamping method. The positioning assembly and the clamping assembly are matched, the product can be quickly positioned and clamped and fixed, and compared with a manual alignment mode in the prior art, the alignment precision and the production efficiency are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drilling and milling, in particular to a positioning and clamping device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the gradual diversification of products, the value of products is no longer limited to functional design, and the design of appearance is also particularly important. For example: printing the product trademark on the product surface can effectively prevent the product from being counterfeited, or through eye-catching signs to assist the use of the product. When these needs are reflected on the traditional annular workpiece, the problem of positioning before processing will arise. For annular parts, any direction is the same, so the direction of clamping does not need to be considered when drilling; however, when the product to be drilled has a mark already engraved on the surface, and the drilling azimuth has a strict positional relationship with the mark, the direction must be accurately positioned during clamping to ensure the correct position of the hole after drilling.

[0003] In order to accurately determine the clamping direction while not affecting the appearance of the finished product, the product to be processed must have identifiable positioning parts that can be removed during drilling processing, so a positioning groove is reserved at the drilling position and processed together with the mark on the product, and then the positioning groove is positioned and processed using a positioning device during drilling. In order to avoid interference between drilling processing and the limiting device, the existing positioning and drilling method for positioning grooves in the industry is to manually align using a detachable positioning device, and then remove the positioning device to drill the product. Such manual clamping one by one not only has difficulty in alignment, but also has low positioning accuracy and low production efficiency, and the production capacity is severely limited. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to improve the positioning accuracy and production efficiency by providing an automatic positioning and drilling device and method.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: a positioning and clamping device, comprising a workbench, a clamping assembly and a positioning assembly; the upper part of the clamping assembly is a clamping part, which is fixed to the workbench, and the product to be drilled is installed on the clamping part of the clamping assembly; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning telescopic mechanism, a positioning spring and a positioning pin; the positioning telescopic mechanism is provided on the workbench, the upper end of the positioning telescopic mechanism is a telescopic end, which telescopes vertically; the lower end of the positioning spring is connected to the telescopic end of the positioning telescopic mechanism, and the upper part of the positioning spring is vertically arranged in the positioning pin; the head of the positioning pin is adapted to the drilling positioning groove provided on the product to be drilled.

[0006] According to the above solution, the positioning telescopic mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder and a positioning telescopic rod, the positioning cylinder is fixed to the workbench, the lower end of the positioning telescopic rod is connected to the piston of the positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder drives the positioning telescopic rod to move in the vertical direction.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the head of the positioning pin gradually increases in radius from top to bottom.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping cylinder, a vertically arranged pull rod, and a chuck, the clamping cylinder is fixed to the rack below the workbench, the piston of the clamping cylinder is connected to the lower end of the pull rod, the upper end of the pull rod is an expansion head, the clamping cylinder drives the pull rod to move up and down along the vertical direction; the lower part of the chuck is installed on the workbench, and the product to be drilled is sleeved outside the chuck; a through hole is arranged in the lower part of the chuck, a containing cavity is arranged in the upper part of the chuck and communicates with the through hole, and a plurality of vertical slits are arranged in the containing cavity in the circumferential direction; the pull rod sequentially passes through the workbench and the chuck, and the clamping cylinder drives the pull rod to move up and down.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the outer diameter of the expansion head is greater than the outer diameter of the lower part of the pull rod.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the chuck comprises a fixed part and a clamping part, the through hole of the fixed part communicates with the containing cavity of the clamping part; the upper end of the fixed part extends radially outward to form a product positioning table, and the lower end of the fixed part is threadedly connected with the workbench.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the workbench and the rack are arranged above and below and are connected through a support plate.

[0012] The application also provides a product positioning and clamping method, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] providing each component of the positioning and clamping device and installing the components;

[0014] placing a product on the clamping assembly, and the product can rotate freely on the chuck;

[0015] positioning the product: rotating the product, and making the positioning pin of the positioning assembly pop into the drilling positioning groove of the product;

[0016] fixing the product and retracting the positioning pin: starting the clamping assembly, the clamping cylinder drives the expansion head of the pull rod to move downward into the containing cavity of the chuck, the containing cavity expands, and the clamping flange is fixed; starting the positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder retracts the positioning pin and the positioning spring in the positioning pin through the positioning telescopic rod.

[0017] According to the above scheme, after the installation of each component of the positioning and clamping device is completed, the positioning pin is adjusted to align the positioning pin with the center of the drilling hole of the drill bit.

[0018] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the application, the positioning assembly adopts a positioning spring limiting structure, and realizes the positioning of the product by the way that the positioning pin automatically pops into the drilling positioning groove after rotating to the correct angle in the drilling positioning groove; the clamping assembly adopts an expansion chuck structure, and realizes the fixation of the product by the way that the chuck 22 expands inside the flange to exert radial pressure; the positioning assembly and the clamping assembly cooperate, and can realize the quick positioning and clamping fixation of the product, compared with the manual alignment mode of the prior art, the alignment precision and the production efficiency are greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of one specific embodiment of the application.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the product after being placed in the embodiment.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a front view. Figure 2

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the state before and after positioning.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the chuck and the expansion head in the embodiment.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a sectional view of the clamping assembly and the pull rod in the embodiment.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the product in the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a deburring and chamfering tool used in the drilling process.

[0028] In the drawing marks: 1-workbench; 11-trestle; 12-supporting plate; 20-clamping cylinder; 21-pull rod; 210-expansion head; 22-chuck; 220-product positioning table; 221-clamping part; 222-fixing part; 223-gap; 224-through hole; 225-containing cavity; 3-flange; 30-drilling positioning groove; 31-mark; 32-position hole; 33-hole chamfer; 34-text; 40-positioning cylinder; 41-positioning pin; 42-positioning telescopic rod; 43-positioning spring; 5-chamfering tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better understand the application, the application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] As Figures 1-3 ​The utility model provides a positioning clamping device, especially a positioning clamping device for product drilling, which comprises a workbench 1, a clamping assembly and a positioning assembly, the upper part of the clamping assembly is a clamping part, the clamping part is fixed on the workbench 1, the product to be drilled is installed on the clamping part of the clamping assembly, and the product to be drilled can rotate on the clamping assembly when not clamped, the positioning assembly comprises a positioning telescopic mechanism, a positioning spring 43 and a positioning pin 41, the positioning telescopic mechanism is arranged on the workbench 1, the upper end of the positioning telescopic mechanism is a telescopic end, and the telescopic end can stretch out or retract in the vertical direction, the lower end of the positioning spring 43 is connected with the telescopic end of the positioning telescopic mechanism, the upper part of the positioning spring 43 is arranged in the positioning pin 41 in the vertical direction, and the head of the positioning pin 41 can be matched with a drilling positioning groove 30 arranged on the product to be drilled.

[0031] As shown in Figure 7 , the product to be drilled is a flange 3 for agricultural machinery, and the base surface of the flange 3 is already marked with a logo 31 and characters 32 when forging, as shown in Figure 5 , the position hole 32 to be drilled and the drilling positioning groove 30 have strict angle and position requirements with the logo 31 and the characters 32, and the drilling positioning groove 30 is processed together with the logo 31 and the characters 32 when forging, and is used for assisting subsequent drilling positioning.

[0032] In the utility model, the positioning assembly is used for positioning the drilling direction of the product to be drilled, and the clamping assembly is used for fixing the product to be drilled, as shown in Figure 4 , when the clamping assembly does not clamp the product to be drilled, the product to be drilled can rotate on the clamping assembly, when positioning, the product to be drilled is rotated, when the drilling positioning groove 30 on the product to be drilled and the positioning assembly that has been aligned with the drill bit are aligned, the positioning pin 41 is popped into the drilling positioning groove 30 of the product to be drilled, the rotation of the product to be drilled is limited, and thus the automatic positioning of the product to be drilled is completed, and at this time, the drilling direction of the product to be drilled is correct.

[0033] Preferably, the positioning telescopic mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder 40 and a positioning telescopic rod 42, the positioning cylinder 40 is fixed on the workbench 1, the lower end of the positioning telescopic rod 42 is connected with the piston of the positioning cylinder 40, the positioning cylinder 40 can drive the positioning telescopic rod 42 to move in the vertical direction, and thus the positioning pin 41 is sent out or retracted.

[0034] Preferably, the head of the positioning pin 41 gradually increases in radius from top to bottom, and this structure design facilitates the hole positioning of the positioning pin 41 and the drilling positioning groove 30.

[0035] Preferably, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the clamping assembly comprises a clamping cylinder 20 fixed on the rack 11 below the workbench 1, a vertically arranged pull rod 21, and a chuck 22, the piston of the clamping cylinder 20 is connected with the lower end of the pull rod 21, the upper end of the pull rod 21 is an expansion head 210 (the outer diameter of the expansion head 210 is larger than that of the lower part of the pull rod 21), the clamping cylinder 20 can drive the pull rod 21 to move up and down vertically; the lower part of the chuck 22 is installed on the workbench 1, and the product to be drilled is sleeved outside the chuck 22; the inner lower part of the chuck 22 is provided with a through hole 224, the inner upper part of the chuck 22 is provided with a containing cavity 225 communicated with the through hole 224, and a plurality of vertical slits 223 are arranged in the containing cavity 225 in the circumferential direction; the pull rod 21 passes through the workbench 1 and the chuck 22 in sequence, and the clamping cylinder 20 can drive the pull rod 21 to move up and down; when the pull rod 21 moves downward, the expansion head 210 of the pull rod 21 moves downward into the containing cavity 225 of the chuck 22, the chuck 22 deforms, and after the expansion head 210 completely enters the containing cavity 225, the containing cavity 225 expands, the outer wall of the chuck 22 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the product to be drilled, and the clamping of the product to be drilled is realized.

[0036] In the present application, the chuck 22 comprises a fixed part 222 and a clamping part 221, the through hole 224 of the fixed part 222 is communicated with the containing cavity 225 of the clamping part 221; the upper end of the fixed part 222 extends radially outward to form a product positioning table, and the lower end of the fixed part 222 is threadedly connected with the workbench 1; a plurality of vertical slits 223 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the clamping part 221, after the expansion head 210 of the pull rod 21 enters the containing cavity 225, the containing cavity 225 expands, the clamping part 221 exerts radial pressure on the product to be drilled, so that the product to be drilled is clamped.

[0037] In the present application, the workbench 1 and the rack 11 are arranged above and below and connected through the support plate 12.

[0038] In the present application, after the clamping assembly is started, the product is fixed; then the positioning assembly is started, the positioning pin 41 is separated from the drilling positioning groove 30 and away from the machined surface of the product to be drilled, so as to avoid the interference between the positioning assembly and the drill bit in the machining process.

[0039] In the present embodiment, a plurality of workbenches 1 are arranged in sequence, and a plurality of products to be drilled can be positioned and clamped.

[0040] A product positioning and clamping method, the method comprises the following steps:

[0041] 1. providing the components of the drilling and clamping device as described above and installing, adjusting the positioning pin 41, so that the positioning pin 41 is aligned with the drilling center of the drill bit.

[0042] In the present application, the positioning pin 41 and the drilling center of the drill bit are aligned before the first production, and the operation mode is the same as the tool alignment mode of the numerical control drilling and milling machine. The purpose of this operation is to ensure that the positioning position is consistent with the drilling coordinate of the machine tool, to ensure that the positioning assembly and the position requiring drilling are consistent, and to ensure that the actual drilling position of the product positioned and clamped by the positioning pin 41 in the subsequent process meets the technical requirements.

[0043] 2. Place the product on the clamping assembly: the operator places the product with the drilling positioning groove 30 facing down on the positioning table at this time, the expansion head 210 of the pull rod 21 is located above the chuck 22 and does not enter the containing cavity 225, the chuck 22 is relaxed (as shown in Figure 4 、 Figure 7 ), and the product can rotate freely on the chuck 22.

[0044] 3. Position the product: rotate the product so that the positioning pin 41 of the positioning assembly pops into the drilling positioning groove 30 of the product, and the positioning is completed.

[0045] In the present application, before the positioning groove and the positioning pin 41 are aligned, the operator presses the flange 3 from above and rotates the product along the circumferential direction with the chuck 22 as the axis (as shown in Figure 4 the left pre-alignment state), when the positioning groove and the lower positioning pin 41 are aligned with the rotation, the operator will hear the popping sound of the positioning pin 41, and at the same time, the flange 3 cannot be rotated smoothly (as shown in Figure 4 the right post-alignment state), at this time, the flange 3 completes the positioning in the drilling direction, and the positioning process is completed.

[0046] 4. Fix the product and retract the positioning pin 41: start the clamping assembly, the clamping cylinder 20 drives the expansion head of the pull rod 21 to move downward into the containing cavity 225 of the chuck 22, the containing cavity 225 expands, and the flange 3 is clamped; start the positioning cylinder 40, the positioning cylinder 40 retracts the positioning pin 41 and the positioning spring 43 inside it through the positioning telescopic rod 42, so that it is away from the drilling positioning groove 30 of the flange 3, so that the drill bit does not interfere with the positioning assembly when drilling the drilling positioning groove 30.

[0047] After the product positioning is completed, the drill bit is started to cooperate with other cutters, and drilling processing can be performed. After the processing is completed, the chuck 22 is loosened, and the operator can take down the product, and then repeat the above operation to continue clamping a new batch of products.

[0048] In the present application, the other cutters include cutters for processing hole site burrs and hole edge chamfers, which can enter the hole along the drilling direction and move a distance along the radial direction of the hole for rotary cutting; this is the existing technology in the industry, which will not be described here. See Figure 8In the present embodiment, in addition to using the drill bit to drill, a chamfering tool 5 is used to deburr and chamfer the edges of the position hole 32. The chamfering tool 5 used is L-shaped, and can extend downward into the position hole 32, then move a distance along the radial direction of the position hole 32, and then begin to upwardly rotary cut to form the hole chamfer 33, so that drilling and chamfering can be completed at one time. This is prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0049] In the present application, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the clamping assemblies and the positioning assemblies are both multiple and have the same number; the clamping assemblies and the positioning assemblies are responsible for fixing and positioning the flanges 3 corresponding thereto; multiple groups of the above embodiments can be provided on the workbench 1 according to the size of the workbench 1, so that multiple flanges 3 can be clamped and machined at one time.

[0050] The contents not described in detail in the present specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, even though the present application has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features, but any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A product positioning clamping method, characterized by, The method is: Provide each component of the positioning clamping device and install; Place the product on the clamping assembly, which can freely rotate on the chuck; Position the product: rotate the product, and make the positioning pin of the positioning assembly pop into the drilled positioning slot of the product; Fix the product and retract the positioning pin: start the clamping assembly, and move the expansion head of the pull rod downward into the accommodating cavity of the chuck under the action of the clamping cylinder, so that the accommodating cavity expands and the clamping flange is clamped; start the positioning cylinder, and retract the positioning pin and the positioning spring inside the positioning pin downward under the action of the positioning cylinder through the positioning telescopic rod; The positioning clamping device comprises a workbench, a clamping assembly and a positioning assembly; the upper part of the clamping assembly is a clamping part, which is fixed to the workbench, and a product to be drilled is installed on the clamping part of the clamping assembly; the positioning assembly comprises a positioning telescopic mechanism, a positioning spring and a positioning pin; the positioning telescopic mechanism is arranged on the workbench, the upper end of the positioning telescopic mechanism is a telescopic end, and the telescopic end extends vertically; the lower end of the positioning spring is connected with the telescopic end of the positioning telescopic mechanism, and the upper part of the positioning spring is arranged vertically in the positioning pin; the head of the positioning pin is adapted to the drilled positioning slot formed on the product to be drilled; The positioning telescopic mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder and a positioning telescopic rod; the positioning cylinder is fixed to the workbench; and the lower end of the positioning telescopic rod is connected with the piston of the positioning cylinder, and the positioning cylinder drives the positioning telescopic rod to move along the vertical direction.

2. The product positioning clamping method according to claim 1, wherein After the installation of each component of the positioning clamping device is completed, the positioning pin is adjusted so as to align the positioning pin with the center of the drill hole of the drill bit.

3. The product positioning clamping method of claim 1, wherein, The head of the positioning pin gradually increases in radius from top to bottom.

4. The product positioning clamping method of claim 1, wherein, The clamping assembly comprises a clamping cylinder, a vertically arranged pull rod and a chuck; the clamping cylinder is fixed to the rack below the workbench; the piston of the clamping cylinder is connected with the lower end of the pull rod; the upper end of the pull rod is an expansion head; the clamping cylinder drives the pull rod to move vertically up and down; the lower part of the chuck is installed on the workbench, and the product to be drilled is sleeved outside the chuck; a through hole is arranged in the lower part of the chuck; an accommodating cavity is formed in the upper part of the chuck and communicates with the through hole; a plurality of vertical slits are formed in the accommodating cavity in the circumferential direction; the pull rod sequentially passes through the workbench and the chuck, and the clamping cylinder drives the pull rod to move up and down.

5. The product positioning clamping method according to claim 4, wherein The outer diameter of the expansion head is greater than the outer diameter of the lower part of the pull rod.

6. The product positioning clamping method according to claim 4, wherein The chuck comprises a fixed part and a clamping part; the through hole of the fixed part communicates with the accommodating cavity of the clamping part; the upper end of the fixed part extends radially outward to form a product positioning table; and the lower end of the fixed part is threadedly connected with the workbench.

7. The product positioning clamping method according to claim 4, wherein The workbench and the rack are arranged above and below and are connected through a support plate.

Images