Compressed air energy storage operating system and energy storage method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly relates to a compressed air energy storage operation system and an energy storage method, the compressed air energy storage operation system comprising a preheater, an air inlet of the preheater being in communication with the atmosphere; a compressor set, a first control valve being arranged between the compressor set and the preheater; a gas storage device, the gas storage device being in communication with the compressor set and being used for storing compressed air; a heat exchange assembly, comprising a heat exchanger group, a heat storage medium cold tank and a heat storage medium hot tank which are arranged in series, a second control valve being arranged on a pipeline through which the heat storage medium cold tank is in communication with a heat storage medium inlet of the preheater; and a generator set, the generator set being in communication with the gas storage device. The present application can maintain stable operation of the compressed air energy storage operation system and improve energy storage efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a compressed air energy storage operation system and an energy storage method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the background of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization", the power system needs a large amount of energy storage support. As a new type of energy storage technology with long-term, large capacity and low cost, compressed air energy storage has the advantages of flexible site selection, safety and environmental protection, and can realize renewable energy consumption, peak load shifting, support for power grid stability, and provide comprehensive energy such as cold, heat, electricity and industrial gas. This technology is receiving widespread attention.

[0003] The compressed air energy storage technology uses low electricity to compress the air in the environment and store it. When needed, the compressed air is released, heated and then used to generate electricity by a generator set. Compressed air energy storage is suitable for scenarios such as industrial parks and areas with high energy load and rich new energy resources. However, the existing compressed air energy storage system has poor energy storage efficiency and is not conducive to stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system due to large fluctuations in ambient temperature, large differences between extreme maximum and minimum temperatures, especially in low temperature environments.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a compressed air energy storage operation system and an energy storage method to solve the problem. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a compressed air energy storage operation system and an energy storage method that can maintain stable operation of the compressed air energy storage operation system while improving energy storage efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The compressed air energy storage operation system comprises:

[0008] A preheater, the air inlet of the preheater being in communication with the atmosphere;

[0009] A compressor set, a first control valve being provided between the preheater and the compressor set, a first port of the first control valve being in communication with the air outlet of the preheater, a second port of the first control valve being in communication with the atmosphere, a third port of the first control valve being in communication with the compressor set, the first control valve being capable of controlling the compressor set to be in communication with the preheater or the second port of the first control valve to be in communication with the compressor set;

[0010] A gas storage device, the gas storage device being in communication with the compressor set and being used for storing compressed air;

[0011] The heat exchange assembly comprises a heat exchanger group, a cold tank of heat storage medium and a hot tank of heat storage medium arranged in series, the heat exchanger group is arranged in series on a pipeline between the compressor group and the gas storage device, and is used for heat exchange and cooling of compressed air; the cold tank of heat storage medium stores heat storage medium, the cold tank of heat storage medium is communicated with the preheater, and a pipeline, in which the cold tank of heat storage medium is communicated with a heat storage medium inlet of the preheater, is provided with a second control valve.

[0012] The generator set is communicated with the gas storage device.

[0013] Further, the generator set comprises a first heater and a first turbine generator, the first heater is communicated with the gas storage device, and the first turbine generator is communicated with the first heater.

[0014] Further, the generator set further comprises a second heater and a second turbine generator, the second heater is communicated with the first turbine generator, and the second turbine generator is communicated with the second heater.

[0015] Further, the cold tank of heat storage medium, the first heater, the second heater and the hot tank of heat storage medium are communicated in series.

[0016] Further, a radiator is arranged on a pipeline between the first heater and the cold tank of heat storage medium.

[0017] Further, a third control valve is further arranged, a first port of the third control valve is communicated with the first heater and the second heater, a second port of the third control valve is communicated with the cold tank of heat storage medium, a third port of the third control valve is communicated with the radiator, and the third control valve can control the first heater and the second heater to be communicated with the cold tank of heat storage medium or the first heater and the second heater to be communicated with the radiator.

[0018] Further, the compressor group comprises a first compressor and a second compressor arranged in series, the first compressor is communicated with a third port of the first control valve, and the second compressor is communicated with the gas storage device.

[0019] Further, the heat exchanger group comprises a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, the first heat exchanger is arranged between the first compressor and the second compressor, the second heat exchanger is arranged between the second compressor and the gas storage device, the first heat exchanger is communicated with the hot tank of heat storage medium, and the second heat exchanger is communicated with the cold tank of heat storage medium.

[0020] Further, a pressure sensor is arranged on the gas storage device.

[0021] An energy storage method using the compressed air energy storage system as described above to store energy, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1, detecting the atmospheric temperature in real time;

[0023] S2, storing energy by compressed air, if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature value, executing step S3, otherwise executing step S4;

[0024] S3, adjusting the first control valve to make the preheater communicate with the compressor set, and adjusting the second control valve to make the preheater communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank;

[0025] S4, adjusting the first control valve to make the second port of the first control valve communicate with the compressor set, and adjusting the second control valve to make the heat storage medium cold tank and the preheater disconnected.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0027] The compressed air energy storage system provided by the present application, the first port of the first control valve communicates with the preheater, the second port of the first control valve directly communicates with the atmosphere, the third port of the first control valve communicates with the compressor set, the compressor set communicates with the gas storage device, the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchanger group, a heat storage medium cold tank and a heat storage medium hot tank arranged in series, the heat exchanger group is arranged on the pipeline between the compressor set and the gas storage device, and the second control valve is arranged on the pipeline through which the heat storage medium cold tank communicates with the heat storage medium inlet of the preheater. When the external temperature is low, the first control valve controls the compressor set to communicate with the preheater, the second control valve controls the preheater to communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank, the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage medium cold tank is more than 20 degrees Celsius, the heat storage medium in the heat storage medium cold tank is used to heat the preheater, and the preheater is used to heat the air, so that the influence of the environment temperature on the air compression is reduced. When the external temperature meets the requirements, the first control valve controls the second port to communicate with the compressor set, the second control valve controls the preheater to not communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank, and the compressor set directly compresses the atmosphere. The heat exchanger group absorbs the heat in the compressed air, and the energy storage is completed. When power generation is needed, the compressed air is used to drive the generator set to generate electricity. In the above manner, the compressed air energy storage system can be stably operated, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.

[0028] The energy storage method provided by the present application uses the compressed air energy storage system as described above to store energy, and can maintain the stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system and improve the energy storage efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a principle diagram of the compressed air energy storage system of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a flow chart of an energy storage method of the present application.

[0031] In the figure:

[0032] 1, preheater; 2, compressor set; 21, first compressor; 22, second compressor; 3, first control valve; 4, gas storage device; 5, heat exchange assembly; 50, cold tank of heat storage medium; 51, first heat exchanger; 52, second heat exchanger; 53, radiator; 54, hot tank of heat storage medium; 6, second control valve; 7, generator set; 71, first heater; 72, first turbine generator; 73, second heater; 74, second turbine generator; 8, third control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, but not to limit the present application. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not all.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the "upper" or "lower" of the first feature to the second feature can include the direct contact of the first and second features, or can include the contact of the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, the "upper", "above" and "on" of the first feature to the second feature includes the vertical upward and oblique upward of the first feature to the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The "lower", "below" and "under" of the first feature to the second feature includes the vertical downward and oblique downward of the first feature to the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0036] In the process of using compressed air for energy storage and power generation, in order to maintain the stable operation of the compressed air energy storage operation system and improve the energy storage efficiency, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the present application provides a compressed air energy storage operation system. The compressed air energy storage operation system comprises a preheater 1, a compressor set 2, a gas storage device 4, a heat exchange assembly 5 and a generator set 7.

[0037] The air inlet of the preheater 1 is communicated with the atmosphere; the first control valve 3 is arranged between the compressor set 2 and the preheater 1, the first port of the first control valve 3 is communicated with the air outlet of the preheater 1, the second port of the first control valve 3 is communicated with the atmosphere, the third port of the first control valve 3 is communicated with the compressor set 2, the first control valve 3 can control the compressor set 2 to be communicated with the preheater 1 or the second port of the first control valve 3 to be communicated with the compressor set 2; the air storage device 4 is communicated with the compressor set 2 and is used for storing compressed air; the heat exchange assembly 5 comprises a heat exchanger group, a heat storage medium cold tank 50 and a heat storage medium hot tank 54 which are arranged in series, the heat exchanger group is arranged in series on the pipeline between the compressor set 2 and the air storage device 4 and is used for heat exchange and cooling of the compressed air; the heat storage medium cold tank 50 stores heat storage medium, the heat storage medium cold tank 50 is communicated with the preheater 1, and the pipeline, through which the heat storage medium cold tank 50 is communicated with the heat storage medium inlet of the preheater 1, is provided with the second control valve 6; the generator set 7 is communicated with the air storage device 4 and can generate electricity by using the compressed air.

[0038] When the outside temperature is low, the first control valve 3 controls the compressor set 2 to be communicated with the preheater 1, the second control valve 6 controls the preheater 1 to be communicated with the heat storage medium cold tank 50, the preheater 1 is heated by using the heat in the heat storage medium cold tank 50, and the air is heated by the preheater 1, so as to reduce the influence of the environment temperature on the air compression; when the outside temperature meets the requirement, the first control valve 3 controls the second port to be communicated with the compressor set 2, the second control valve 6 controls the preheater 1 not to be communicated with the heat storage medium cold tank 50, and the compressor set 2 directly compresses the atmosphere outside, the heat exchanger group absorbs the heat in the compressed air, and the energy storage is completed. When electricity generation is needed, the generator set 7 is driven by the compressed air to generate electricity. Through the above manner, the compressed air energy storage operation system can be stably operated, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.

[0039] Further, the generator set 7 comprises a first heater 71 and a first turbine generator 72, the first heater 71 is communicated with the air storage device 4, and the first turbine generator 72 is communicated with the first heater 71. In the process of electricity generation, the compressed air is first heated by the first heater 71, so that the compressed air is rapidly expanded after being heated, and then the compressed air drives the first turbine generator 72 to work, so as to realize the electricity generation operation.

[0040] Further, the generator set 7 further comprises a second heater 73 and a second turbine generator 74, the second heater 73 is communicated with the first turbine generator 72, and the second turbine generator 74 is communicated with the second heater 73. The second heater 73 is further arranged to heat the compressed air, and then the heated compressed air drives the second turbine generator 74 to work to generate electricity, so as to fully utilize the compressed air to generate electricity and improve the utilization rate of energy conversion. In other embodiments, a plurality of generator sets 7 can also be arranged according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 Further, the heat storage medium cold tank 50, the first heater 71, the second heater 73 and the heat storage medium hot tank 54 are in series communication. The heat storage medium cold tank 50 and the heat storage medium hot tank 54 form a closed loop circulation. The heat of the compressed air absorbed by the heat exchanger group is transferred to the heat storage medium hot tank 54, which can heat the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 while reducing the temperature of the heat storage medium. The cooled heat storage medium enters the heat storage medium cold tank 50 and then enters the heat exchanger group again for circulation. In order to ensure that the heat storage medium can circulate effectively, a circulating pump is arranged on the loop formed by the heat storage medium cold tank 50 and the heat storage medium hot tank 54. In the above manner, the heat generated during the compression of air can be fully utilized, and the energy utilization rate can be improved.

[0042] Further, a radiator 53 is arranged on the pipeline between the first heater 71 and the heat storage medium cold tank 50. By arranging the radiator 53, the heat of the heat storage medium can be further dissipated, so as to ensure that the heat exchanger group can fully exchange heat with the compressed air, further reducing the heat of the compressed air, and facilitating the compression and storage of the compressed air.

[0043] Further, the compressed air energy storage system further comprises a third control valve 8, the first port of the third control valve 8 communicates with the first heater 71 and the second heater 73, the second port of the third control valve 8 communicates with the heat storage medium cold tank 50, and the third port of the third control valve 8 communicates with the radiator 53. The third control valve 8 can control the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 to communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank 50, or the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 to communicate with the radiator 53. During the heating process, the third control valve 8 controls the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 to directly communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank 50, so as to avoid the heat being taken away by the radiator 53, and utilize the heat of the heat storage medium to heat the preheater 1, thereby ensuring the heating effect of the preheater 1 on the external air. When the air does not need to be heated, the preheater 1 does not work, and the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 communicate with the radiator 53, so that the heat in the heat storage medium is normally dissipated.

[0044] Further, the compressor set 2 comprises a first compressor 21 and a second compressor 22 arranged in series, the first compressor 21 communicates with the third port of the first control valve 3, and the second compressor 22 communicates with the gas storage device 4. By arranging the first compressor 21 and the second compressor 22 in series, the compression effect of the air can be improved, thereby facilitating the storage of the compressed air. The space utilization rate of the gas storage device 4 is improved while ensuring the working efficiency of the compressed air. In other embodiments, a plurality of compressors can be arranged in series according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

[0045] Further, the heat exchanger group includes a first heat exchanger 51 and a second heat exchanger 52, the first heat exchanger 51 is arranged between the first compressor 21 and the second compressor 22, and the second heat exchanger 52 is arranged between the second compressor 22 and the gas storage device 4, the first heat exchanger 51 is in communication with the heat storage medium hot tank 54, and the second heat exchanger 52 is in communication with the heat storage medium cold tank 50. Specifically, the first heat exchanger 51 is used for heat exchange and cooling of the air compressed by the first compressor 21, so as to facilitate subsequent compression of the air by the second compressor 22, and the second heat exchanger 52 is used for cooling of the air compressed by the second compressor 22, so as to facilitate low-temperature storage of the compressed air. In other embodiments, a plurality of heat exchangers and compressors are arranged, and the plurality of heat exchangers and compressors are arranged alternately in one-to-one correspondence.

[0046] Further, the gas storage device 4 is provided with a pressure sensor. By arranging the pressure sensor, the gas pressure of the gas storage device 4 can be collected in real time, so as to facilitate automatic monitoring. When the gas storage pressure reaches the set pressure, relevant personnel can be notified in time to prevent accidents.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2 The embodiment also provides an energy storage method, which uses the compressed air energy storage operation system as above to store energy, and includes the following steps:

[0048] S1, detecting the atmospheric temperature in real time;

[0049] S2, storing energy by compressed air, if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature value, step S3 is performed, otherwise step S4 is performed;

[0050] S3, adjusting the first control valve 3 to make the preheater 1 communicate with the compressor group 2, adjusting the second control valve 6 to make the preheater 1 communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank 50; at the same time, adjusting the third control valve 8 to make the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 directly communicate with the heat storage medium cold tank 50.

[0051] S4, adjusting the first control valve 3 to make the second port of the first control valve 3 communicate with the compressor group 2, adjusting the second control valve 6 to make the heat storage medium cold tank 50 and the preheater 1 disconnected; at the same time, adjusting the third control valve 8 to make the first heater 71 and the second heater 73 both communicate with the radiator 53 for heat dissipation.

[0052] When the ambient temperature decreases a lot and the inlet temperature of the compressor group 2 deviates from the design point, the compressed air energy storage operation system can preheat the air by using the abundant heat of the system itself, so as to realize stable operation of the compressed air energy storage operation system under different ambient temperatures.

[0053] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present application are merely example for clearly explaining the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can be made by those skilled in the art. Here, it is not necessary and also impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. Compressed air energy storage operating system, characterized in that, The application relates to a heat storage and heat recovery system for a gas turbine engine, which comprises: a preheater (1) with an air inlet communicating with the atmosphere; a compressor unit (2) provided with a first control valve (3) between the preheater (1) and the compressor unit (2), wherein a first port of the first control valve (3) communicates with an air outlet of the preheater (1), a second port of the first control valve (3) communicates with the atmosphere, and a third port of the first control valve (3) communicates with the compressor unit (2), and the first control valve (3) can control the compressor unit (2) to communicate with the preheater (1) or the second port of the first control valve (3) to communicate with the compressor unit (2); a gas storage device (4) communicating with the compressor unit (2) for storing compressed air; a heat exchange assembly (5) comprising a heat exchanger group, a cold heat storage medium tank (50) and a hot heat storage medium tank (54) arranged in series, wherein the heat exchanger group is arranged in series on a pipeline between the compressor unit (2) and the gas storage device (4) and used for heat exchange and cooling of compressed air, the cold heat storage medium tank (50) stores heat storage medium, and a second control valve (6) is arranged on a pipeline, wherein the cold heat storage medium tank (50) communicates with a heat storage medium inlet of the preheater (1); a generator unit (7) communicating with the gas storage device (4); the generator unit (7) comprises a first heater (71) communicating with the gas storage device (4) and a first turbine generator (72) communicating with the first heater (71); the generator unit (7) further comprises a second heater (73) communicating with the first turbine generator (72) and a second turbine generator (74) communicating with the second heater (73); the cold heat storage medium tank (50), the first heater (71), the second heater (73) and the hot heat storage medium tank (54) are connected in series and form a loop.

2. The compressed air energy storage operating system of claim 1, wherein, a radiator (53) is arranged on a pipeline between the first heater (71) and the cold heat storage medium tank (50).

3. The compressed air energy storage operating system of claim 2, wherein, a third control valve (8) is further arranged, wherein a first port of the third control valve (8) communicates with the first heater (71) and the second heater (73), a second port of the third control valve (8) communicates with the cold heat storage medium tank (50), and a third port of the third control valve (8) communicates with the radiator (53), and the third control valve (8) can control the first heater (71) and the second heater (73) to communicate with the cold heat storage medium tank (50) or the first heater (71) and the second heater (73) to communicate with the radiator (53).

4. The compressed air energy storage operating system of claim 1, wherein, The compressor set (2) comprises a first compressor (21) and a second compressor (22) arranged in series, the first compressor (21) being in communication with the third port of the first control valve (3), and the second compressor (22) being in communication with the gas storage device (4).

5. The compressed air energy storage operating system of claim 4, wherein, The heat exchanger set comprises a first heat exchanger (51) and a second heat exchanger (52), the first heat exchanger (51) being arranged between the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22), and the second heat exchanger (52) being arranged between the second compressor (22) and the gas storage device (4), the first heat exchanger (51) being in communication with the hot tank (54) of the heat storage medium, and the second heat exchanger (52) being in communication with the cold tank (50) of the heat storage medium.

6. The compressed air energy storage operating system of claim 1, wherein, The gas storage device (4) is provided with a pressure sensor.

7. Energy storage method, characterized in that, The compressed air energy storage operation system according to any one of claims 1-6 is used for energy storage, comprising the following steps: S1, detecting the atmospheric temperature in real time; S2, storing energy by compressed air, if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature value, executing step S3, otherwise executing step S4; S3, adjusting the first control valve (3) so that the preheater (1) is in communication with the compressor set (2), and adjusting the second control valve (6) so that the preheater (1) is in communication with the cold tank (50) of the heat storage medium; S4, adjusting the first control valve (3) so that the second port of the first control valve (3) is in communication with the compressor set (2), and adjusting the second control valve (6) so that the cold tank (50) of the heat storage medium is disconnected from the preheater (1).

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