A test device, working method and test system for cooling using flowing water

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a test device for cooling by flowing water, a working method and a test system; the test device for cooling by flowing water comprises: a water tank, a lining cylinder and an annular gap water layer are arranged in the water tank, and a flow structure is arranged on the lining cylinder; a heating structure is arranged in the lining cylinder and heats a first liquid in the lining cylinder; a cooling structure is connected with the lining cylinder, the first liquid in the lining cylinder enters the cooling structure, a cooling coil is arranged in the cooling structure, and the cooling coil is connected with the first liquid; a flowing structure is connected with the cooling structure and the water tank, and the flowing structure drives a second liquid to enter the annular gap water layer. The test device for cooling by flowing water can be used for test research under different water injection temperatures, water injection flow rates, pool water temperatures, water injection angles, water layer widths and heating powers, and can fully reflect the influence of various boundary conditions on the heat insulation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing equipment technology, specifically to a testing device, working method, and testing system that utilizes flowing water for cooling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the outlet temperature of the 200MW pool-type cryogenic heating reactor is 98℃, which is insufficient for heating in extremely cold weather. To improve its heating capacity under such conditions, the current plan is to increase the operating parameters of the pool-type cryogenic heating reactor. However, increasing these parameters will significantly raise the reactor pool water temperature. Furthermore, the pool water temperature will also rise significantly in the event of a reactor accident. The high temperature of the pool water will inevitably affect the load-bearing capacity of the external concrete of the heating reactor pool, therefore, it is essential to propose an effective solution for insulating the external concrete of the reactor pool.

[0003] Regarding insulation solutions for pool-type low-temperature heating reactors, there has been virtually no research on this topic. Current patents and literature only describe some insulation methods used in the building industry, such as insulation coatings, insulation materials, vacuum windows, and water-flow windows. Water-flow windows have been used in the building industry; their principle is to use flowing water to remove heat from inside the window, which is then cooled externally before flowing back into the window. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a test apparatus, working method, and test system for cooling using flowing water.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a test apparatus for cooling using flowing water, comprising: a water tank containing a liner and an annular water layer, the liner having a communicating structure; a heating structure located within the liner, which heats a first liquid within the liner; a cooling structure connected to the water tank, the first liquid from the water tank entering the cooling structure, the cooling structure containing a cooling coil, the first liquid being connected to both the inside and outside of the cooling coil, the first liquid being cooled by the cooling coil and transformed into a second liquid; a flow structure connected to the cooling structure and the water tank, the flow structure driving the second liquid into the annular water layer; and a temperature acquisition mechanism located on the water tank and the flow structure.

[0006] Furthermore, the communication structure includes: multiple communication holes spaced apart circumferentially along the liner; and a baffle disposed inside the liner, the baffle being used to block the communication holes.

[0007] Furthermore, the flow structure includes: a connecting pipe for connecting the cooling structure and the annular gap water layer, and a centrifugal pump, a first throttle valve, and a second throttle valve provided on the connecting pipe; and a water injection pipe connected to the connecting pipe, the water injection pipe being configured corresponding to the annular gap water layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the water injection connector is provided with a water injection pipe, and the water injection connector is arranged in a cross shape.

[0009] Furthermore, the flow structure also includes a liquid flow meter, which is used to measure the flow rate of the second liquid entering the annular gap water layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the flow structure also includes a return pipe, on which a third throttling valve is provided.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an overflow water tank, which is connected to the water tank and the cooling coil.

[0012] Furthermore, the cooling structure is equipped with an exhaust valve.

[0013] This invention also provides a method for operating the aforementioned test device for cooling using flowing water, comprising: injecting a first liquid into a water tank, simultaneously injecting the first liquid into a cooling structure; injecting the first liquid into a cooling coil, wherein the first liquid is transformed into a second liquid after being cooled by the cooling coil; after the water tank is filled, activating a heating structure to heat the first liquid in the water tank, and observing the change in water temperature in the water tank through a temperature acquisition mechanism; when the water temperature in the water tank reaches a specified temperature, opening the flow structure to drive the second liquid to be injected into the annular gap water layer in the water tank, maintaining the injection for a certain period of time until the temperature of the test device no longer changes, starting to read the temperature and flow rate data at various points, and evaluating the heat insulation effect by measuring the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the annular gap water layer.

[0014] The present invention also provides an experimental system for studying cooling using flowing water, including the aforementioned experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water.

[0015] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides an experimental device for cooling using flowing water, comprising: a water tank, wherein a liner and an annular water layer are provided inside the water tank, and a communicating structure is provided on the liner; a heating structure disposed inside the liner and heating a first liquid inside the liner; a cooling structure connected to the water tank, wherein the first liquid in the water tank enters the cooling structure, wherein a cooling coil is provided inside the cooling structure, and the first liquid is connected inside and outside the cooling coil, wherein the first liquid is cooled by the cooling coil and transformed into a second liquid; a flow structure connected to the cooling structure and the water tank, wherein the flow structure drives the second liquid into the annular water layer; and a temperature acquisition mechanism disposed on the water tank and the flow structure.

[0017] By installing a liner and annular water layer inside a water tank, with the liner located inside the tank and the annular water layer outside the liner, and a connecting structure on the liner, the flow pattern of fluid entering the liner from the annular water layer can be altered. A heating structure allows for heating of the first liquid inside the liner, enabling the tank to simulate the cooling of reactor pool walls using flowing water. Furthermore, a second liquid within the cooling structure is injected into the annular water layer via a flow structure, thus cooling the liner. Temperature acquisition devices collect the temperatures of the tank and the flow structure, and the insulation effect is evaluated by measuring the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the annular water layer.

[0018] The experimental setup using flowing water for cooling allows for experiments on different injection temperatures, flow rates, and pool water temperatures, fully reflecting the impact of various boundary conditions on the insulation effect. Experiments on different injection angles can be used to analyze the influence of the relative position between the flow structure and the liner on the insulation effect, leading to a more reasonable injection position. Experiments on different water layer widths can be used to analyze the impact of different water layer widths on the insulation effect of the flowing water layer. Experiments on uneven heating structure power can be used to analyze the impact of uneven pool water temperature on the insulation effect of the flowing water layer.

[0019] 2. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention includes a communication structure comprising: multiple communication holes spaced apart circumferentially along the liner; and a baffle disposed inside the liner, the baffle being used to block the communication holes. By using the baffle to block the communication holes, the liner and the annular seam water layer are not connected when communication is not required; when communication between the liner and the annular seam water layer is required, the baffle can be opened.

[0020] Before the experiment, baffles at different locations were opened to control the opening position and number of connecting holes. When using the connecting holes on the liner, the corresponding baffles were opened as needed. Additionally, temperature measuring points inside the water tank were mainly arranged at various radial positions within the annular gap water layer at different heights. The temperature difference between the measuring points on the inner and outer walls of the annular gap water layer can be used to determine the insulation effect of the flowing water layer scheme.

[0021] 3. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention includes a flow structure comprising: a connecting pipe for connecting the cooling structure and the annular gap water layer, wherein a centrifugal pump, a first throttling valve, and a second throttling valve are provided on the connecting pipe; and a water injection pipe connected to the connecting pipe, the water injection pipe being configured corresponding to the annular gap water layer. By adjusting the first and second throttling valves to regulate the flow rate in the circuit, the flow rate of the connecting pipe is adjusted, thereby regulating the flow rate of the second liquid entering the annular gap water layer from the cooling structure.

[0022] The summary section is provided to present the chosen concepts in a simplified form, which will be further described in the detailed description below. The summary section is not intended to identify essential or necessary features of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the experimental device for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the water tank of the experimental device for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the experimental apparatus AA for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A top view of the water injection pipe of the experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water provided by the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0029] 1. Water tank; 2. Liner; 3. Circumferential seam water layer; 4. Connecting structure; 5. Heating structure; 6. First liquid; 7. Cooling structure; 71. Cooling coil; 8. Second liquid; 9. Flow structure; 10. Temperature acquisition mechanism; 11. Connecting hole; 12. Baffle; 13. Connecting pipeline; 14. Centrifugal pump; 15. First throttle valve; 16. Second throttle valve; 17. Water injection pipe; 18. Water injection pipe; 19. Liquid flow meter; 20. Return pipe; 21. Third throttle valve; 22. Overflow tank; 23. Air vent valve; 24. Fourth throttle valve; 25. Fifth throttle valve; 26. Sixth throttle valve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0031] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this disclosure, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] In the description of this disclosure, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joint" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections, electrical connections, or connections that allow for communication; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.

[0033] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0034] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this disclosure. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this disclosure, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0035] The preferred embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this disclosure.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides an experimental device for cooling using flowing water, comprising: a water tank 1, wherein a liner 2 and an annular water layer 3 are provided inside the water tank 1, and a communicating structure 4 is provided on the liner 2; a heating structure 5, disposed inside the liner 2, for heating a first liquid 6 inside the liner 2; a cooling structure 7, connected to the water tank 1, wherein the first liquid 6 in the water tank 1 enters the cooling structure 7, wherein a cooling coil 71 is provided inside the cooling structure 7, and the first liquid 6 is connected inside and outside the cooling coil 71, wherein the first liquid 6 is cooled by the cooling coil 71 and transformed into a second liquid 8; a flow structure 9, connected to the cooling structure 7 and the water tank 1, wherein the flow structure 9 drives the second liquid 8 into the annular water layer 3; and a temperature acquisition mechanism 10, disposed on the water tank 1 and the flow structure 9.

[0037] By installing a liner 2 and an annular water layer 3 inside a water tank 1, with the liner 2 located inside the water tank 1 and the annular water layer 3 located outside the liner 2, and a connecting structure 4 installed on the liner 2, the flow pattern of fluid entering the liner 2 from the annular water layer 3 is altered. A heating structure 5 is installed to heat the first liquid 6 inside the liner 2, allowing the water tank 1 to simulate the cooling of the reactor pool wall using flowing water. The first liquid 6 in the cooling structure 7 is cooled by the cooling coil 71 and transformed into a second liquid 8. Simultaneously, using the second liquid 8 in the cooling structure 7, the flow structure 9 fills the annular water layer 3, thus achieving cooling of the liner 2. A temperature acquisition mechanism 10 collects the temperatures of the water tank 1 and the flow structure 9, and the insulation effect is evaluated by measuring the temperature difference between the inner and outer wall layers of the annular water layer 3.

[0038] The experimental setup for cooling using flowing water involves inputting temperature, flow rate, and other data into a PC via the NI data acquisition system. Specially developed software is used to collect, calculate, and display the experimental data, enabling real-time monitoring of the experimental conditions. Furthermore, this experimental setup is simple to operate and can perform principle verification of the flowing water layer scheme at a relatively low cost, thus providing experimental data and reliable technical support for numerical simulation of cooling schemes for pool-type cryogenic heating reactors. Experiments can be conducted under different injection temperatures, flow rates, pool water temperatures, injection angles, water layer widths, and heating power to fully reflect the influence of various boundary conditions on the insulation effect. Experiments with different injection angles can be used to analyze the influence of the relative position between the flow structure 9 and the liner 2 on the insulation effect, leading to a more reasonable injection position. Experiments with different water layer widths can be used to analyze the influence of different water layer widths on the insulation effect of the flowing water layer. Experiments with uneven power distribution of the heating structure 5 can be used to analyze the influence of uneven pool water temperature on the insulation effect of the flowing water layer. The experimental device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, and can be used to conduct feasibility studies on pool wall cooling schemes for pool-type low-temperature heating reactors.

[0039] The heating structure 5 includes three electric heaters. By adjusting the power of the electric heaters and keeping the power of the three sets of electric heaters consistent, the average temperature of the first liquid 6 in the water tank 1 is controlled. After the preheating of the experiment is completed, the power of the three sets of electric heaters is adjusted and kept at different constant values, thereby completing the experimental study under the condition of uneven heating power.

[0040] The first liquid 6 is tap water at room temperature, and the second liquid 8 is cooling water; after being cooled by the cooling coil 71, the first liquid 6 is transformed into the second liquid 8.

[0041] Specifically, the width of the circumferential water layer 3 can be achieved by replacing the liner 2 of different sizes, thereby completing the test on the effect of different widths of the circumferential water layer 3 on the heat insulation effect.

[0042] During the experiment, the flow structure 9 injects the second liquid 8 into the annular gap water layer 3. There will be a liquid level difference between the first liquid 6 and the annular gap water layer 3. Driven by the heavy pressure head formed by the liquid level difference, the injected second liquid 8 mixes with the original first liquid 6 in the water layer and flows into the liner 2 through the connecting structure, and finally flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the water tank 1.

[0043] The temperature acquisition mechanism 10 includes multiple thermocouples, which are installed on the water tank 1 and the flow structure 9.

[0044] In some embodiments, the communication structure includes a communication hole 11 and a baffle 12; wherein, there are multiple communication holes 11, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the liner 2; the baffle 12 is disposed inside the liner 2, and the baffle 12 is used to block the communication hole 11.

[0045] The baffle 12 is used to block the connecting hole 11, so that the liner 2 and the annular seam water layer 3 are not connected when they do not need to be connected; when they need to be connected, the baffle 12 can be opened.

[0046] Before the experiment, the baffles 12 at different positions are opened, thus controlling the opening position and number of the connecting holes 11. When using the connecting holes 11 on the liner 2, the corresponding baffles 12 are opened as needed. In addition, the temperature measuring points inside the water tank 1 are mainly arranged at various radial positions of the annular gap water layer 3 at different heights. The insulation effect of the flowing water layer scheme can be judged by the temperature difference between the measuring points on the inner and outer walls of the annular gap water layer 3.

[0047] In some embodiments, the flow structure 9 includes a connecting pipe 13 and a water injection pipe 17; wherein, the connecting pipe 13 is used to connect the cooling structure 7 and the annular gap water layer 3, and a centrifugal pump 14, a first throttle valve 15, and a second throttle valve 16 are provided on the connecting pipe 13; the water injection pipe 17 is connected to the connecting pipe 13, and the water injection pipe 17 is provided corresponding to the annular gap water layer 3.

[0048] By adjusting the first throttle valve 15 and the second throttle valve 16 to regulate the flow rate in the circuit, the flow rate of the connecting pipe 13 is adjusted, which in turn adjusts the flow rate of the second liquid 8 in the cooling structure 7 into the annular gap water layer 3.

[0049] In this embodiment, the end of the water injection connector 17 is provided with a water injection pipe 18, and the water injection connector 17 is arranged in a cross shape. The water injection pipe 18 is connected to the main circuit through a clamp joint, which can realize relative rotation, thereby analyzing the influence of the position of the water injection pipe 18 on the cooling effect.

[0050] Before the test, the angle between the position of the water injection pipe 18 and the position of the connecting hole 11 is changed by rotating the water injection pipe 17. This facilitates the experimental study of different water injection angles and can be used to analyze the influence of the relative position between the water injection pipe 18 and the liner hole 2 on the heat insulation effect, so as to obtain a more reasonable water injection position.

[0051] In some embodiments, the flow structure 9 further includes a liquid flow meter 19, which measures the flow rate of the second liquid 8 entering the annular gap water layer 3. The liquid flow meter 19 allows for the detection of the water injection flow rate in the connecting pipe 13.

[0052] In some embodiments, the flow structure 9 further includes a return pipe 20, on which a third throttle valve 21 is provided. The arrangement of the return pipe 20 and the third throttle valve 21 increases the bypass pipe of the connecting pipe 13, meaning that the flow rate into the annular gap water layer 3 can be adjusted through the return pipe 20.

[0053] In some embodiments, the test apparatus for cooling using flowing water further includes an overflow tank 22, which is connected to the water tank 1 and the cooling coil 71.

[0054] When the first liquid 6 in the cooling structure 7 needs to be adjusted, it can be discharged into the overflow tank 22 for collection. At the same time, after the test device has completed the test, the mixture of the first liquid 6 and the second liquid 8 in the water tank 1 is discharged into the overflow tank 22 through the sixth throttle valve 26.

[0055] In some embodiments, the cooling structure 7 is provided with an exhaust valve 23. The exhaust valve 23 can effectively ensure that the cooling structure 7 is filled with the first liquid 6, and when the cooling structure 7 is filled with the first liquid 6, the exhaust valve 23 is closed.

[0056] The present invention also provides a method for operating the test device for cooling using flowing water, comprising: injecting a first liquid 6 into the liner 2 inside the water tank 1, and simultaneously injecting the first liquid 6 into the cooling structure 7; injecting the first liquid 6 into the cooling coil 71, and the first liquid 6 being cooled by the cooling coil 71 and transformed into a second liquid 8; after the water tank 1 is filled with water, the heating structure 5 is activated to heat the first liquid 6 in the water tank 1, and the temperature change in the water tank 1 is observed through the temperature acquisition mechanism 10; when the water temperature in the water tank 1 reaches the specified temperature, the flow structure 9 is opened to drive the second liquid 8 to be injected into the annular gap water layer 3 in the water tank 1, and the water injection needs to be maintained for a certain period of time. When the temperature of the test device no longer changes, the temperature and flow rate data at various points are read, and the heat insulation effect is evaluated by the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the annular gap water layer 3.

[0057] First, according to the test plan, open the baffle 12 of the corresponding connecting hole 11 on the liner 2, and inject water into the water layer side of the water tank 1 through the water injection pipe 18; while injecting water, open the fourth throttle valve 24 at the bottom of the water tank 1 and the exhaust valve 23 above the cooling coil 71. When the cooling structure 7 is filled with water, close the exhaust valve 23. After the water tank 1 is filled with water, start the heating structure 5 to heat the water in the water tank 1, and observe the change of water temperature in the water tank 1 through the temperature acquisition mechanism 10; when the water temperature in the water tank 1 reaches the specified temperature, open the first throttle valve 15 and the second throttle valve 16 in the flow structure 9, and start the centrifugal pump 14 to drive the second liquid 8 to be injected into the annular gap water layer 3 in the water tank 1.

[0058] Simultaneously, the fifth throttle valve 25 is opened. By controlling the opening degree of the fifth throttle valve 25, the flow rate of the first liquid 6 through the cooling coil 71 and the temperature of the second liquid 8 after cooling by the coil are controlled. The temperature of the injection fluid is monitored by the temperature acquisition mechanism 10 arranged in the circuit. After the water injection begins, it needs to be maintained for a certain period of time. When the temperature of the test device no longer changes, the temperature and flow rate data at various points are read, and the insulation effect is evaluated by the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the annular water layer 3.

[0059] The present invention also provides an experimental system for studying cooling using flowing water, characterized in that it includes the aforementioned experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water.

[0060] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for cooling using flowing water, characterized in that, include: Water tank (1), the water tank (1) is provided with a liner (2) and an annular water layer (3), and the liner (2) is provided with a connecting structure (4); Heating structure (5) is provided inside the liner (2) and heats the first liquid (6) inside the liner (2); The cooling structure (7) is connected to the water tank (1). The first liquid (6) in the water tank (1) enters the cooling structure (7). The cooling structure (7) is equipped with a cooling coil (71). The first liquid (6) is connected to the outside of the cooling coil (71). The first liquid (6) is cooled by the cooling coil (71) and transformed into a second liquid (8). The flow structure (9) is connected to the cooling structure (7) and the water tank (1). The flow structure (9) drives the second liquid (8) into the annular gap water layer (3). Temperature acquisition mechanism (10) is installed on water tank (1) and flow structure (9); The connected structure (4) includes: Multiple connecting holes (11) are provided at intervals along the circumference of the liner (2). The connecting holes (11) are used to connect the liner (2) and the annular water layer (3). A baffle (12) is provided inside the liner (2) and is used to block the connecting hole (11).

2. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow structure (9) includes: The connecting pipe (13) is used to connect the cooling structure (7) and the annular gap water layer (3), and a centrifugal pump (14), a first throttle valve (15), and a second throttle valve (16) are provided on the connecting pipe (13). Water injection pipe (17) is connected to connecting pipe (13), and water injection pipe (17) is set to correspond to the annular seam water layer (3).

3. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end of the water inlet connector (17) is provided with a water inlet pipe (18), and the water inlet connector (17) is arranged in a cross shape.

4. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 3, characterized in that, The flow structure (9) also includes a liquid flow meter (19) for measuring the flow rate of the second liquid (8) entering the annular gap water layer (3).

5. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The flow structure (9) also includes a return pipe (20), which is used to connect the inlet and outlet of the centrifugal pump (14). A third throttle valve (21) is provided on the return pipe (20).

6. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes an overflow tank (22), which is connected to the water tank (1) and the cooling coil (71).

7. The experimental apparatus for cooling using flowing water according to claim 6, characterized in that, An exhaust valve (23) is provided on the cooling structure (7).

8. A method for operating the experimental apparatus using flowing water for cooling as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: First liquid (6) is injected into water tank (1) and first liquid (6) is injected into cooling structure (7) at the same time; and first liquid (6) is injected into cooling coil (71). First liquid (6) is transformed into second liquid (8) after being cooled by cooling coil (71); after water is injected into water tank (1), heating structure (5) is activated to heat first liquid (6) in water tank (1), and the temperature change in water tank (1) is observed by temperature acquisition mechanism (10); When the water temperature in the tank (1) reaches the specified temperature, the flow structure (9) is opened to drive the second liquid (8) to be injected into the annular gap water layer (3) in the tank (1). After the water injection begins, it needs to be maintained for a certain period of time. When the temperature of the test device no longer changes, the temperature and flow data at each location are read, and the heat insulation effect is evaluated by the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the annular gap water layer (3).

9. An experimental system for studying cooling using flowing water, characterized in that, The experimental apparatus comprising any one of claims 1-7, which utilizes flowing water for cooling.

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