Dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to 5G mobile communication frequency band

Abstract

This invention discloses a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands. Solar cells are arranged on the upper surface of an upper horizontal dielectric substrate to form an upper radiating structure. Multiple solar cells are connected in series horizontally using horizontal connecting inductors. Vertically, each outermost solar cell is externally connected by a vertical connecting inductor and then directly connected by a metal strip. Four spaced-apart radiating patches are arranged adjacently on the upper surface of a middle horizontal dielectric substrate to form a middle radiating structure. A ground plane is covered on the upper surface of a lower horizontal dielectric substrate, with four arc-shaped coupling slots etched on it. A feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric substrate. Each feed line in the feed network consists of a main feed line and two branch feed lines. The feed lines couple energy through the arc-shaped coupling slots on the ground plane to excite the upper and middle radiating structures. This invention achieves an integrated design of the solar cells and the antenna.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic antennas, in particular to a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the update iteration of communication technology, the wireless communication system has achieved rapid development, and the communication technology has put forward higher requirements for the antenna system, not only requiring the antenna to cover a wider bandwidth, but also requiring the antenna to be more in line with the concept of green development. Changing the high energy consumption status of the mobile communication system and realizing sustainable green communication of energy saving and emission reduction have become urgent problems to be studied. Solar cell antennas have received more and more attention.

[0003] The current wireless communication environment is becoming more and more complex, and electromagnetic signals cannot be completely idealized in the process of wireless transmission, and attenuation or distortion is inevitable. How to improve the communication quality is a problem to be solved.

[0004] At present, polarization diversity electromagnetic signals are often used in mobile communication base stations, that is, multiple independent channels are used to transmit multiple orthogonal polarization signals. Two outstanding advantages of this are that it can greatly improve the fault tolerance rate, thereby significantly improving the multipath fading problem, and it can greatly increase the channel capacity and improve the overall signal transmission efficiency. Considering the use performance and design difficulty and processing cost, dual-polarized antennas have been widely used in actual base station systems. Integrating solar cells as the main radiation structure with dual-polarized antennas can not only improve the communication quality and transmission efficiency, but also realize green communication, and the complexity and cost of processing will also be greatly reduced.

[0005] Therefore, based on the existing technology, it is necessary to develop a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted to achieve the purpose of the present application is:

[0008] A dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band, working in a 3.3GHz-5GHz frequency band, completely covering the working frequency band of the 5G communication system ， including an upper, middle and lower three-layer structure, the solar cells arranged on the upper surface of the upper horizontal dielectric plate form an upper radiation structure, in the upper radiation structure, a plurality of solar cells in the horizontal direction are connected by a horizontal connecting inductor to form a series cell structure, and a metal strip is directly connected after loading a vertical connecting inductor on each outermost solar cell in the vertical direction.

[0009] The upper surface of the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate is arranged with four mutually spaced radiation patches, adjacent arrangement forms a middle layer radiation structure, the radiation patch is made of a rhombus sheet, three corners of the rhombus sheet are processed to form rounded corners, and the fourth corner is cut to form the radiation patch after cutting a circular arc corner; the arc formed after cutting the circular arc corner of the four radiation patches is opposite to one side of the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate.

[0010] The upper surface of the lower layer horizontal dielectric plate is covered with a ground plate, and four arc-shaped coupling grooves are etched on the ground plate; the feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower layer horizontal dielectric plate, each feed line in the feed network is composed of a main feed line and two branch feed lines, and the two arms of the branch feed line are bent and curved to different degrees to avoid the intersection of the two polarization direction feed lines; the feed line couples energy through the arc-shaped coupling grooves on the ground plate to excite the upper layer radiation structure and the middle layer radiation structure.

[0011] The application of the dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to the 5G mobile communication frequency band of the application adopts a solar cell as an upper layer radiation structure, and an irregular round corner rhombic radiation patch as a middle layer radiation structure, and truly realizes the integrated design of the solar cell and the antenna, plays the performance of the traditional antenna, and can be used for green power supply of a communication system, works in a 3.3GHz-5GHz frequency band, and completely covers the working frequency band of the 5G communication system; has stable gain and radiation performance, adopts a dual-polarized antenna technology, can effectively reduce the size and weight of the antenna in a wireless base station system, and improves the communication capacity of the system.

[0012] The application of the dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to the 5G mobile communication frequency band of the application, the two arms of the branch feed line in the feed network in different polarization directions are bent and curved to different degrees, and the intersection of the two polarization direction feed lines is completely avoided, a larger bandwidth, stable gain, lower isolation, and better directional radiation are realized.

[0013] The application realizes the integrated design of the solar cell and the antenna, covers the working frequency band of 3.3GHz-5GHz, can realize green wireless communication and clean energy power generation, and has a wide application prospect in future wireless communication systems.

[0014] The impedance matching bandwidth of the application of the dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to the 5G mobile communication frequency band is in the frequency band of 3.3GHz-5GHz, the stable average gain can be maintained at about 9.5dBi in the target frequency band, the isolation of the two polarization directions is less than-35dB, the radiation pattern maintains good directivity, the radiation energy is mainly concentrated in the +Z direction, meets the characteristics of a directional antenna, can realize good directional radiation, and reaches a better radiation performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band of the application.

[0016] Figure 2 Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an upper layer dielectric plate and an upper layer horizontal dielectric plate upper surface.

[0017] Figure 3 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a middle layer dielectric plate and a middle layer horizontal dielectric plate upper surface.

[0018] Figure 4 Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a lower layer dielectric plate and a lower layer horizontal dielectric plate upper and lower surfaces.

[0019] Figure 5 Figure 5 is a horizontal polarization direction relative bandwidth matching and gain diagram.

[0020] Figure 6 Figure 6 is a vertical polarization direction relative bandwidth matching and gain diagram.

[0021] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a horizontal polarization direction and vertical polarization direction isolation diagram.

[0022] Figure 8 Figure 8 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 3.3 GHz in the horizontal polarization direction.

[0023] Figure 9 Figure 9 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 3.8 GHz in the horizontal polarization direction.

[0024] Figure 10 Figure 10 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 4.5 GHz in the horizontal polarization direction.

[0025] Figure 11 Figure 11 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 3.3 GHz in the vertical polarization direction.

[0026] Figure 12 Figure 12 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 3.7 GHz in the vertical polarization direction.

[0027] Figure 13 Figure 13 is a radiation pattern obtained when excited at 4.4 GHz in the vertical polarization direction.

[0028] Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of a dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band of the application.

[0029] 1, upper layer horizontal dielectric plate; 2, middle layer horizontal dielectric plate; 3, lower layer horizontal dielectric plate; 4, solar cell; 5, horizontal connection structure; 6, vertical connection structure; 7, inductor; 8, radiation patch; 9, ground plate; 10, arc-shaped coupling groove; 11, horizontal polarization direction feed network; 12, vertical polarization direction feed network; 13, SMA joint. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely intended to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.

[0031] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the drawings, the dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to the 5G mobile communication frequency band comprises an upper layer horizontal dielectric plate 1, a middle layer horizontal dielectric plate 2, a lower layer horizontal dielectric plate 3, a solar cell 4, an optimized rhombic radiation patch 8, a ground plate 9, a horizontal polarization direction feed network 11, a vertical polarization direction feed network 12 and an SMA joint 13. The solar cell 4 forms an upper layer radiation structure, and the radiation patch 8 forms a middle layer radiation structure.

[0032] In some embodiments, the upper layer horizontal dielectric plate is a Rogers 5880 dielectric plate with a thickness of 1.016 mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2, the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate is a TR4 dielectric plate with a thickness of 1.4 mm and a dielectric constant of 4.3, and the lower layer horizontal dielectric plate is a Rogers 5880 dielectric plate with a thickness of 0.7874 mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2, as shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0033] In some embodiments, the solar cells 4 of the array structure are arranged in a 5×5 array on the upper surface of the upper layer horizontal dielectric plate, and the adjacent solar cells are connected by the same horizontal connection inductance with a spacing of 3 mm, as shown in Figure 2 The horizontal connection inductance and the horizontal connection structure 5 (metal sheet) on the outer side of the solar cell are connected in series to form a series structure.

[0034] In some embodiments, a vertical connection inductance is loaded on the outer side of each outermost solar cell in the vertical direction, and the metal strip is directly connected, which is a vertical connection structure 6. By connecting with the vertical connection inductance, the multiple series-connected solar cell pieces are connected in parallel in the vertical direction.

[0035] The horizontal connection inductance and the vertical connection inductance are both realized by the same inductance 7. The inductance is preferably 22nH.

[0036] In some embodiments, the size of a single solar cell is 11.2 mm×11.5 mm

[0037] Some embodiments, the middle layer radiation structure is composed of a plurality of radiation patches 8, some embodiments, such as by 4 pieces of 18.6 mm x 18.6 mm irregularly rounded diamond-shaped radiation patches 8, the distance between adjacent irregularly rounded diamond-shaped patches is 0.7 mm, in order to improve the impedance matching to increase the bandwidth, the three corners of the irregularly rounded diamond-shaped patch are polished into a rounded corner, and the fourth corner of the irregularly rounded diamond-shaped patch is cut in an arc shape, removing part of the arc-shaped corner design, as shown in Figure 3 Preferably, the radius of the small circle of the arc removed by the irregularly rounded diamond-shaped patch is 6 mm.

[0038] Some embodiments, the radiation patch is made of a diamond-shaped sheet, the three corners of the diamond-shaped sheet are processed into rounded corners, and the fourth corner is cut into a circular arc corner to form the radiation patch; the arcs formed after the four radiation patches are cut off form the arc-shaped corners, each of which is opposite to one side of the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate, preferably, the middle layer radiation structure formed by the four radiation patches is located at the central position of the upper surface of the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate, and is separated by a certain distance, and each of the patches is equal in distance to the corresponding side of the middle layer horizontal dielectric plate.

[0039] Among them, the upper surface of the lower layer horizontal dielectric plate is a ground plate 9, and the substrate is a rectangular plate. By cutting off a square corner (such as 15 mm x 15 mm) on the substrate, an L-shaped notch is formed at the four corners of the ground plate 9, and four arc-shaped coupling grooves 10 are etched on the ground plate 9, as shown in Figure 4 Some embodiments, the four arc-shaped coupling grooves 10 are located at the central position of the ground plate 9, which are through-hole structures arranged from the upper surface of the ground plate to the lower surface, and are in a slit-like structure. Each arc-shaped coupling groove is arranged opposite to one side of the ground plate, and adjacent two arc-shaped coupling grooves 10 are separated and not connected at the adjacent ends.

[0040] In one embodiment, the four arc-shaped coupling grooves 10 are arranged in a rectangular shape on the four sides of a rectangle, and the arc-shaped coupling grooves on the adjacent sides are separated and not connected at the corners of the rectangle. The opposite arc-shaped coupling grooves are consistent in size, and the four arc-shaped coupling grooves are consistent in size.

[0041] In one embodiment, the horizontal polarization direction feed network 11 and the vertical polarization direction feed network 12 of the lower surface of the lower layer horizontal dielectric plate, each feed line is composed of a main feed line (connecting an SMA joint 13) and two branch feed lines. The two arms of the branch feed line are bent and curved to different degrees, completely avoiding the intersection of the two polarization direction feed lines, as shown in Figure 5 The feed line couples energy through the arc-shaped coupling groove 10 on the ground plate to excite the upper layer radiation structure and the middle layer radiation structure.

[0042] In one embodiment, the total size of the integrated solar cell broadband dual-polarized antenna is 120 mm x 120 mm x 9 mm, the size of the upper horizontal dielectric plate is 90 mm x 90 mm x 1.016 mm, the size of the middle horizontal dielectric plate is 90 mm x 90 mm x 1.4 mm, the size of the lower horizontal dielectric plate is 120 mm x 120 mm x 0.7874 mm, and the size of the ground plate is 120 mm x 120 mm.

[0043] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna applied to a 5G mobile communication frequency band, characterized in that, The working frequency range is 3.3GHz-5GHz, which covers the working frequency range of 5G communication system completely; the solar cells arranged on the upper surface of the upper horizontal dielectric plate form the upper radiation structure; in the upper radiation structure, the horizontal connecting inductors are used to connect the solar cells in horizontal direction to form the series cell structure, and the metal strips are used to connect the solar cells in vertical direction directly after loading a vertical connecting inductor on the outer side of each outermost solar cell; The upper surface of the middle layer horizontal medium plate is arranged with four mutually spaced radiation patches ， The adjacent arrangement forms a middle layer radiation structure, the radiation patch is formed by a rhombic patch, three corners of the rhombic patch are processed to form round corners, and the fourth corner is cut to form the radiation patch after cutting a circular arc cut corner; the arcs formed after cutting the circular arc cut corners of the four radiation patches are respectively opposite to one side of the middle layer horizontal medium plate. The upper surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate is covered with a ground plate, and four arc-shaped coupling grooves are etched on the ground plate; the feed network is printed on the lower surface of the lower horizontal dielectric plate, each feed line in the feed network is composed of a main feed line and two branch feed lines, and the two arms of the branch feed lines are bent and curved in different degrees to avoid the intersection of the feed lines in two polarization directions; The feed lines couple energy through the arc-shaped coupling grooves on the ground plate to excite the upper radiation structure and the middle radiation structure.

2. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cells in the array structure are composed of 5×5 solar cells, and the spacing between adjacent solar cells is 3mm.

3. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The size of a single solar cell is 11.2mm×11.5mm.

4. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal connecting inductor and the vertical connecting inductor both have an inductance of 22nH.

5. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper horizontal dielectric plate is a Rogers 5880 dielectric plate with a thickness of 1.016mm and a dielectric constant of 2.

2.

6. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle horizontal dielectric plate is an FR4 dielectric plate with a thickness of 1.4mm and a dielectric constant of 4.

4.

7. The dual-polarized photovoltaic antenna for 5G mobile communication bands according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower horizontal dielectric plate is a Rogers 5880 dielectric plate with a thickness of 0.7874mm and a dielectric constant of 2.2.

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