Aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plates and their preparation methods

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of composite metal preparation technology, and relates to aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plates and their preparation methods. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate includes: explosively welding an aluminum alloy plate and an aluminum plate to obtain an aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate; explosively welding a titanium plate, a nickel plate, and a stainless steel plate to obtain a titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate; and explosively welding the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate to obtain the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate. The aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate prepared by this invention exhibits excellent bonding and, as a transition joint, meets the requirements for connection strength, airtightness, thermal cycling performance, and corrosion resistance between the stainless steel interface and the aluminum alloy interface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of composite metal preparation technology, and relates to aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plates and their preparation methods. Background Technology

[0002] Austenitic stainless steel sheets are widely used in various applications, including building materials, conveying equipment, home appliances, kitchen equipment, and automotive parts, due to their economic efficiency and excellent corrosion resistance. Their applications have been expanding in recent years. Aluminum alloys are characterized by low density, light weight, high plasticity and toughness, good thermal and electrical conductivity, and corrosion resistance. Combining these two materials reduces density, enhances corrosion resistance, and increases specific strength, largely compensating for the high density and poor corrosion resistance of steel. Furthermore, explosive welding further improves their strength and other mechanical properties, leading to the widespread application of aluminum alloy / stainless steel composite plates in industries such as metallurgy, power, shipbuilding, and subway systems. While cryogenic equipment used for the production and storage of liquefied gases such as liquid helium, liquid nitrogen, and liquid oxygen is generally made of aluminum alloy, the exposed output piping is typically made of stainless steel. Since aluminum alloy and stainless steel cannot be joined by fusion welding, transition connectors are used to weld the same materials separately, ultimately achieving a reliable connection between the piping and equipment. Because these products are used in harsh environments and have high requirements for airtightness, they are difficult to manufacture. Although bimetallic composite pipes made by friction welding are used in small quantities in China, they have not been able to achieve large-scale application due to immature technology and high rework rate.

[0003] Cryogenic working fluids such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium, liquid argon, liquefied natural gas, and liquid ammonia play important roles in military and civilian industries. For example, liquid nitrogen can be used as a refrigerant, liquid oxygen has wide applications in aerospace, submarines, and the gas industry, and liquefied natural gas is suitable for transportation and storage. LNG receiving terminals use austenitic stainless steel pipes as LNG transport pipelines, and LNG vaporizers are made of aluminum alloy. The two are connected by steel or aluminum alloy flanges. However, due to the significant differences in the material properties of steel and aluminum alloys, especially their coefficients of thermal expansion, the temperature variation of the flanges can reach over 150°C during equipment operation and shutdown. This often leads to deformation and leakage at the connection points, posing significant safety hazards.

[0004] Direct explosive welding of aluminum alloys to steel presents certain difficulties. Adding an intermediate layer (intermediate plate) is an effective method to improve the performance of aluminum-steel composite plates. CN201310620812.1 discloses a multi-layer metal composite plate and its manufacturing method. The plate comprises multiple metal layers along its thickness direction, the number of which can be increased or decreased. Each metal layer can further comprise multiple metal layers, including aluminum alloy layers, pure aluminum layers, titanium layers, nickel layers, or stainless steel layers. The thickness of the aluminum alloy layers is 2–100 mm, the pure aluminum layers are 1–80 mm, the titanium layers are 0.2–20 mm, the nickel layers are 0.2–20 mm, and the stainless steel layers are 5–100 mm. The multi-layer metal composite plate is manufactured using an explosive bonding method. The composite plate directly connects the aluminum alloy layer, pure aluminum layer, titanium layer, nickel layer and stainless steel layer in sequence through explosive welding. During the explosive welding process, the thick aluminum alloy requires more energy for explosive bonding. Magnesium in the aluminum alloy is prone to vaporization and interfacial melting reaction layer, forming a large wavy bonding interface, forming a large number of intermetallic compounds and generating many microcracks, which greatly weakens the bonding strength of the interface. Problems include easy delamination of aluminum-aluminum alloy, severe thinning of the middle aluminum plate, poor bonding performance of the bonding surface and edge desoldering. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and its preparation method to meet the needs in this field.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, comprising: explosively welding an aluminum alloy plate and an aluminum plate to obtain an aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate; explosively welding a titanium plate, a nickel plate, and a stainless steel plate to obtain a titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate; and explosively welding the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate to obtain the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0007] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 25-50 mm, the thickness of the aluminum plate is 3-15 mm, the thickness of the titanium plate is 1-5 mm, the thickness of the nickel plate is 1-5 mm, and the thickness of the stainless steel plate is 20-100 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the material of the aluminum alloy plate includes: 5083 aluminum alloy and 5052 aluminum alloy; the material of the aluminum plate includes: 1050 aluminum, 1060 aluminum, 1070 aluminum, and 1100 aluminum; the material of the titanium plate includes: TA1 titanium and TA2 titanium; the material of the nickel plate includes: N4 nickel, N5 nickel, and N6 nickel; and the material of the stainless steel plate includes: austenitic stainless steel.

[0009] Furthermore, in the method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the specific implementation method of obtaining the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate by explosive welding of the aluminum alloy plate and the aluminum plate includes: placing the aluminum plate on the aluminum alloy plate, wherein the distance between the aluminum plate and the aluminum alloy plate is 10-25 mm, and uniformly spot welding 1 mm onto the aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 After removing the oxide layer from the aluminum alloy plate and the aluminum plate, explosive welding is performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive. The detonation velocity is 2200–2700 m / s, and the density is 0.6–0.8 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is 30-40 mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate.

[0010] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, every 10cm 2 On the aluminum alloy plate, spot weld 1mm 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 8, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloy in the spot welding is 3:1; per 10cm 2 On the aluminum alloy plate, spot weld 1mm 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 10, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloys used for spot welding is 3:2.

[0011] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate by explosive welding of titanium plate, nickel plate and stainless steel plate includes: placing the nickel plate on the stainless steel plate, maintaining a distance of 3-12 mm between the nickel plate and the stainless steel plate, removing the surface oxide layer of the nickel plate and the stainless steel plate, and then performing explosive welding using a mixed explosive containing glass microspheres, industrial salt and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive, with a detonation velocity of 2200-2700 m / s and a density of 0.5-0.7 g / cm³. 3A nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared with a thickness of 50-80 mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the nickel plate.

[0012] The nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is leveled, and the surface oxide layer is removed. The titanium plate is placed on the nickel layer of the nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, maintaining a distance of 3–12 mm between the two plates. After removing the surface oxide layers of both plates, explosive welding is performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate-modified rock, with a detonation velocity of 2200–2700 m / s and a density of 0.8–0.9 g / cm³. 3 The titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared with a thickness of 25-30 mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the titanium plate.

[0013] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the specific method for obtaining the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate by explosive welding includes: leveling the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, removing the surface oxide layer, placing the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate on the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate with the aluminum layer facing each other, maintaining a distance of 10-30 mm between the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate, removing the surface oxide layer of the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate, and then performing explosive welding using a mixed explosive containing glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive, with a detonation velocity of 1800-2300 m / s and a density of 0.6-0.8 g / cm³. 3 The aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared by using explosives with a thickness of 50-100mm. The surface of the mixed explosives is covered with a waterproof canvas, and a waterbed with a thickness of 10-30mm is placed on top of the waterproof canvas. The size of the waterbed is the same as the size of the composite plate to be laminated, and the thickness of the waterbed is determined according to the overall thickness of the (aluminum alloy / aluminum) composite plate to be laminated. If the composite plate is thick, the thickness of the waterbed is appropriately increased. This is equivalent to adding a constraint barrier above the explosives, which can improve the energy utilization rate of the explosives and enhance their work capacity. This allows for the use of low-power explosives to detonate thick composite plates, improving the interfacial bonding quality of the laminated plates. Simultaneously, the waterbed also helps reduce dust generation at the detonation site, protecting the surrounding environment.

[0014] Furthermore, in the preparation method of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate provided by the present invention, the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate are supported by an L-shaped aluminum sheet, and the thickness of the aluminum sheet is 1mm.

[0015] On the other hand, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, which is prepared by the above-described method.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects or advantages:

[0017] This invention employs an explosive welding method to obtain an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate. This method overcomes the difficulty of directly explosive welding high-thickness aluminum alloys (25-50mm) to stainless steel, and the tendency for microcracks to weaken the interfacial bonding strength during the sequential explosive welding of aluminum alloy, aluminum, titanium, nickel, and stainless steel layers. This invention utilizes a 1mm uniform spot weld on the aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 This invention addresses the problems of easy delamination in aluminum-aluminum alloys and severe thinning of the intermediate aluminum layer. The method utilizes an L-shaped aluminum sheet as a support between the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate, resolving issues of poor bonding performance and edge detachment. During explosive welding of the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate, a canvas and waterbed are applied to the surface of the mixed explosive. Compared to canvas, this method achieves better uniform distribution of explosive energy, further resolving the problems of poor bonding performance and edge detachment. The aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate prepared by this invention exhibits excellent bonding and, as a transition joint, meets the requirements for connection strength, airtightness, thermal cycling performance, and corrosion resistance between the stainless steel and aluminum alloy interfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0019] In the diagram, 1 is the aluminum alloy layer, 2 is the aluminum layer, 3 is the titanium layer, 4 is the nickel layer, and 5 is the stainless steel layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental and detection methods described in the following embodiments are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the test materials and raw materials can be purchased on the market.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment provides the preparation of an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0024] Raw materials: 25mm thick aluminum alloy sheet, 3mm thick aluminum sheet, 1mm thick titanium sheet, 1mm thick nickel sheet, and 20mm thick stainless steel sheet. The aluminum alloy sheet is made of 5083 aluminum alloy, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3190 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3880; the aluminum sheet is made of 1050 aluminum, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3190 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3880; the titanium sheet is made of TA1 titanium, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3620 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3621; the nickel sheet is made of N4 nickel, with a chemical composition and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 2054; the stainless steel sheet is made of S31603 austenitic stainless steel, with a chemical composition and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 24511.

[0025] Preparation process: Place the aluminum plate on the aluminum alloy plate, with a distance of 10mm between the aluminum plate and the aluminum alloy plate, and evenly spot weld 1mm thick plates on the aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 aluminum alloy, per 10cm 2 Spot weld 1mm on aluminum alloy plate 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 8, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloy for spot welding is 3:1. After removing the surface oxide layer of the aluminum alloy plates and aluminum plates, explosive welding is carried out using a mixture of glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt are adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2200 m / s and the density at 0.6 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is controlled at 40mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and detonated by a detonator to explode and form an aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate.

[0026] A nickel plate is placed on a stainless steel plate, maintaining a 3mm distance between them. After removing the oxide layer from both plates, explosive welding is performed using a mixture of glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt are adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2200m / s and the density at 0.5g / cm³. 3The explosive thickness is controlled to be 80mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the nickel plate and detonated by a detonator to form a nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0027] The nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate was leveled and its surface oxide layer removed. A titanium plate was placed on the nickel layer of the nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, maintaining a 3mm distance between them. After removing the surface oxide layers of both plates, explosive welding was performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt were adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2200 m / s and the density at 0.8 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is controlled at 30mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the titanium plate and detonated by a detonator to form a titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0028] The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate were leveled. The titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate was annealed at 540℃ for 60 minutes to remove the surface oxide layer. The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate was then placed on top of the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, with the aluminum layer facing the titanium layer. A 10mm distance was maintained between the two plates. After removing the surface oxide layers, L-shaped aluminum metal sheets with a thickness of 1mm and a spacing of 500mm were used for support between the two plates. Explosive welding was performed using a mixed explosive containing glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt were adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 1800m / s and the density at 0.6g / cm³. 3 The explosive charge thickness is controlled at 50mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the aluminum alloy layer of the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate. The surface of the mixed explosive is covered with a waterproof canvas, and a 10mm thick waterbed (PVC material) is placed on top of the waterproof canvas. The size of the waterbed is slightly larger than the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate. The explosive is detonated by a detonator, resulting in the composite of aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel metal plate. The structural diagram is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] This embodiment provides the preparation of an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0031] Raw materials: 50mm thick aluminum alloy sheet, 5mm thick aluminum sheet, 5mm thick titanium sheet, 5mm thick nickel sheet, and 20mm thick stainless steel sheet. The aluminum alloy sheet is made of 5052 aluminum alloy, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3190 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3880; the aluminum sheet is made of 1100 aluminum, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3190 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3880; the titanium sheet is made of TA2 titanium, with a chemical composition conforming to GB / T 3620 and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 3621; the nickel sheet is made of N6 nickel, with a chemical composition and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 2054; the stainless steel sheet is made of S30403 austenitic stainless steel, with a chemical composition and mechanical properties conforming to GB / T 24511.

[0032] Preparation process: Place the aluminum plate on the aluminum alloy plate, with a distance of 10mm between the aluminum plate and the aluminum alloy plate, and evenly spot weld 1mm thick plates on the aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 aluminum alloy, per 10cm 2 Spot weld 1mm on aluminum alloy plate 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 8, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloy for spot welding is 3:1. After removing the surface oxide layer of the aluminum alloy plates and aluminum plates, explosive welding is carried out using a mixture of glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt are adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2700 m / s and the density at 0.8 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is controlled at 30mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and detonated by a detonator to explode and form an aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate.

[0033] A nickel plate was placed on a stainless steel plate, maintaining a 3mm distance between them. After removing the oxide layer from both plates, explosive welding was performed using a mixture of glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate-modified rock explosive. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt were adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2700 m / s and the density at 0.7 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is controlled at 50mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the nickel plate and detonated by a detonator to form a nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0034] The nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate was leveled and the surface oxide layer was removed. A titanium plate was placed on the nickel layer of the nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, maintaining a 3mm distance between the two plates. After removing the surface oxide layers of both plates, explosive welding was performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt were adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2700 m / s and the density at 0.9 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is controlled at 25mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the titanium plate and detonated by a detonator to form a titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0035] The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate were leveled. The titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate was annealed at 540℃ for 60 minutes to remove the surface oxide layer. The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate was then placed on top of the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, with the aluminum layer facing the titanium layer. A 30mm distance was maintained between the two plates. After removing the surface oxide layers, L-shaped aluminum metal sheets with a thickness of 1mm and a spacing of 500mm were used for support between the two plates. Explosive welding was performed using a mixed explosive containing glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock. The density and detonation velocity of the glass microspheres and industrial salt were adjusted, controlling the detonation velocity at 2300m / s and the density at 0.8g / cm³. 3 The explosive charge thickness is controlled at 100mm. The mixed explosive is placed on the surface of the aluminum alloy layer of the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate. The surface of the mixed explosive is covered with a waterproof canvas, and a 30mm thick waterbed (PVC material) is placed on top of the waterproof canvas. The size of the waterbed is slightly larger than the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate. The explosive is detonated by a detonator, resulting in the composite metal plate of aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel.

[0036] Comparative Example 1

[0037] The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1, except that aluminum and aluminum alloy are not spot-welded on the aluminum alloy plate, and L-shaped aluminum sheet is not used to support the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate.

[0038] Comparative Example 2

[0039] The raw materials in this embodiment are the same as in Example 2, and the preparation method is as disclosed in CN201310620812.1, which involves sequentially explosively welding aluminum alloy, aluminum, titanium, nickel layer, and stainless steel to obtain an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate.

[0040] Comparative Example 3

[0041] The preparation method in this embodiment is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that a water bed is not covered on the surface of the mixed explosive.

[0042] The aluminum alloy / aluminum and aluminum / titanium interfaces of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plates provided in Examples 1, 2, Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3 were subjected to flaw detection and shear strength testing. Then, the unbonded areas at the edges were removed to form transition joints, and airtightness tests were conducted using the helium leak detection method. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0043] Table 1, Performance Tests

[0044]

[0045] As shown in Table 1, comparing the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, the present invention uses a method of uniformly spot welding 1mm onto an aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The method for using aluminum alloys solves the problems of easy delamination in aluminum-aluminum alloys and severe thinning of the intermediate aluminum plate. The use of L-shaped aluminum metal sheets to support the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate solves the problems of poor bonding performance and edge detachment. Comparative results of Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 show that the aluminum alloy / aluminum and aluminum / titanium interfaces of the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate obtained by this invention exhibits excellent shear strength and airtightness. Comparative results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 show that the present invention, by covering the surface of the mixed explosive with canvas and then with a waterbed, achieves uniform distribution of explosive energy, better solving the problems of poor bonding performance and edge detachment. Simultaneously, the waterbed also reduces dust generation at the explosives detonation site, protecting the surrounding environment.

[0046] As described above, the present invention can be well implemented. The above embodiments are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all changes and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, characterized in that, include: An aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate is obtained by explosive welding of aluminum alloy plate and aluminum plate; Titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is obtained by explosive welding of titanium plate, nickel plate and stainless steel plate; The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate are obtained by explosive welding. An aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate is obtained by explosive welding of aluminum alloy plates and aluminum plates; including: placing an aluminum plate on an aluminum alloy plate, wherein the distance between the aluminum plate and the aluminum alloy plate is 10~25mm, and spot welding 1mm uniformly onto the aluminum alloy plate. 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 After removing the oxide layer from the aluminum alloy plate and the aluminum plate, explosive welding is performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock, with a detonation velocity of 2200~2700 m / s and a density of 0.6~0.8 g / cm³. 3 The explosive thickness is 30~40mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate.

2. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the aluminum alloy plate is 25~50mm, the thickness of the aluminum plate is 3~15mm, the thickness of the titanium plate is 1~5mm, the thickness of the nickel plate is 1~5mm, and the thickness of the stainless steel plate is 20~100mm.

3. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy plate is made of 5083 aluminum alloy or 5052 aluminum alloy; the aluminum plate is made of 1050 aluminum, 1060 aluminum, 1070 aluminum, or 1100 aluminum; the titanium plate is made of TA1 titanium or TA2 titanium; the nickel plate is made of N4 nickel, N5 nickel, or N6 nickel; and the stainless steel plate is made of austenitic stainless steel.

4. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, per 10cm 2 On the aluminum alloy plate, spot weld 1mm 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 8, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloys used for spot welding is 3:

1. Or every 10cm 2 On the aluminum alloy plate, spot weld 1mm 3 Aluminum and 1mm 3 The total number of aluminum alloys is 10, and the ratio of aluminum to aluminum alloys used for spot welding is 3:

2.

5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is obtained by explosive welding of titanium plate, nickel plate, and stainless steel plate. The process includes: placing the nickel plate on the stainless steel plate, maintaining a distance of 3-12 mm between the nickel plate and the stainless steel plate; removing the surface oxide layer of the nickel plate and the stainless steel plate; and then performing explosive welding using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate-modified rock, with a detonation velocity of 2200-2700 m / s and a density of 0.5-0.7 g / cm³. 3 A nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared with a thickness of 50-80 mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the nickel plate. The nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is leveled, and the surface oxide layer is removed. The titanium plate is placed on the nickel layer of the nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, maintaining a distance of 3-12 mm between them. After removing the surface oxide layers of both plates, explosive welding is performed using a mixed explosive comprising glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate-modified rock, with a detonation velocity of 2200-2700 m / s and a density of 0.8-0.9 g / cm³. 3 The titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared with a thickness of 25~30mm, and the mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the titanium plate.

6. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate are explosively welded to obtain the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate. The process includes: leveling the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate and the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate; removing the surface oxide layer; placing the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate on the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate, with the aluminum layer facing the titanium layer, maintaining a distance of 10-30 mm between the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate; after removing the surface oxide layer from the titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate; and then performing explosive welding using a mixed explosive containing glass microspheres, industrial salt, and expanded ammonium nitrate modified rock explosive, with a detonation velocity of 1800-2300 m / s and a density of 0.6-0.8 g / cm³. 3 The aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared with a charge thickness of 50~100mm. The mixed explosive is arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy layer of the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate. The surface of the mixed explosive is covered with a waterproof canvas, and a waterbed with a thickness of 10~30mm is covered on the waterproof canvas.

7. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate and the aluminum alloy / aluminum composite metal plate are supported by an L-shaped aluminum sheet with a thickness of 1 mm.

8. A composite metal plate made of aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel, characterized in that, The aluminum alloy / aluminum / titanium / nickel / stainless steel composite metal plate is prepared using the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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