A method and device for inspecting uneven settlement of a well and its surroundings

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of manhole settlement detection, and discloses a method and device for uneven settlement of a manhole and its surroundings, wherein a device for uneven settlement of a manhole and its surroundings comprises an X-axis inclination detection mechanism connected to the inner wall of the manhole, a Y-axis inclination detection mechanism connected to one end of the X-axis inclination detection mechanism, a settlement amount detection mechanism connected to the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism, a synchronous connection mechanism connected to the upper end of the settlement amount detection mechanism, a height adjustment mechanism connected to the synchronous connection mechanism, and a settlement range detection mechanism connected to one end of the height adjustment mechanism; the present invention is provided with an X-axis and Y-axis inclination detection mechanism and a settlement amount detection mechanism that can be conveniently adjusted in position, and the settlement amount detection mechanism is conveniently and detachably connected to the manhole ring through the synchronous connection mechanism, so that the actual settlement data and settlement deflection data of the manhole ring can be accurately obtained, and the settlement area range data of the road surface around the manhole can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of inspection well settlement detection, and more particularly to a method and device for detecting uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings. Background Art

[0002] Urban pipe networks are a crucial component of municipal infrastructure, and manholes are an indispensable component. Most manholes are brick-built, with a few being cement concrete. These structures differ significantly from the surrounding pavement structure and materials, making them vulnerable points on the road. Under the repeated effects of vehicle loads, manholes or manhole covers often sink, manhole covers break, and the surrounding pavement sinks, cracks, peels, and develops potholes. Manhole settlement, which leads to manhole cover settlement, is a particularly significant issue, affecting not only the aesthetics of urban roads but also driving comfort. It can even threaten the safety of citizens and cause serious traffic accidents.

[0003] There is no professional equipment for manhole cover settlement detection, and the settlement of manhole covers cannot be measured quickly and conveniently. Most of the time, staff use measuring tools such as rulers to perform multi-point measurements and then take the average value. Multi-point measurements rely entirely on staff to fuzzy control of the reference points, which is easily affected by external factors and causes large errors in the test results. After the measurement is completed, staff need to observe the scale to read the readings, which is inefficient and prone to errors, causing the errors in the test results to further increase. A large number of manholes has led to a huge workload for staff, and it is impossible to obtain the settlement data of each manhole in real time, which can easily lead to more serious damage to the manholes due to untimely maintenance and impact on passing vehicles, posing a major safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings in order to solve the above-mentioned problem.

[0005] The present invention provides a device for inspecting uneven settlement of a well and its surroundings, which is used to detect settlement data of the well ring and its surrounding area. The device comprises an X-axis inclination detection mechanism connected to the inner wall of the well, a Y-axis inclination detection mechanism connected to one end of the X-axis inclination detection mechanism, a settlement amount detection mechanism connected to the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism, a synchronous connection mechanism connected to the upper end of the settlement amount detection mechanism, a height adjustment mechanism connected to the synchronous connection mechanism, and a settlement range detection mechanism connected to one end of the height adjustment mechanism.

[0006] The X-axis inclination detection mechanism includes an X-axis inclination detection assembly fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wellbore and a multi-section telescopic rod movably connected to the X-axis inclination detection assembly, wherein the multi-section telescopic rod is arranged along the X-axis and can only rotate around the X-axis. The multi-section telescopic rod is used to drive the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism to move along the X-axis. The X-axis inclination detection assembly is used to detect the rotation angle of the multi-section telescopic rod and the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism simultaneously around the X-axis.

[0007] The Y-axis inclination angle detection mechanism includes a Y-axis inclination angle detection component connected to one end of the multi-section telescopic rod and a Z-axis vertical rod movably connected to the Y-axis inclination angle detection component, and the Y-axis inclination angle detection component is used to detect the rotation angle of the Z-axis vertical rod around the Y-axis direction;

[0008] The settlement amount detection mechanism includes a sliding sleeve slidably mounted on the Z-axis vertical rod and a movement amount detection component arranged between the sliding sleeve and the Z-axis vertical rod, and the movement amount detection component is used to detect the movement distance of the sliding sleeve along the Z-axis direction;

[0009] The synchronous connection mechanism includes a fixed connection component connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve, a middle connection component movably connected to the fixed connection component, and a clamping component connected to one end of the middle connection component. The clamping component is detachably connected to the well ring, and the well ring drives the sliding sleeve to move synchronously through the synchronous connection mechanism.

[0010] The height adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the distance between the settlement range detection mechanism and the sliding sleeve, and the settlement range detection mechanism is used to detect the regional range data of the settlement around the well ring.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the X-axial inclination detection assembly includes a first fixed shell fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wellbore and an X-axial inclination sensor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first fixed shell, and one end of the multi-section telescopic rod is movably connected to the first fixed shell and connected to the input end of the X-axial inclination sensor.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the Y-axis inclination detection component includes a support frame body fixedly connected to the other end of the multi-section telescopic rod, a first rotation groove provided on the support frame body, a rotating shaft movably connected to the inner wall of the first rotation groove, and a Y-axis inclination sensor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame body, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the input end of the Y-axis inclination sensor, and the Z-axis vertical rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0013] As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the movement detection component includes a grating sensor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve and a grating plate fixedly connected to the outer wall of the Z-axis vertical rod, and the grating plate is arranged corresponding to the grating sensor.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the fixed connection assembly includes a fixed support body fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve, a plurality of second rotation grooves symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the fixed support body, a fixed shaft fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotation groove, and an arc-shaped slide groove passing through the second rotation groove, and the center of the arc-shaped slide groove is located on the central axis of the fixed shaft.

[0015] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the central connecting assembly includes a connecting rod movably connected to the fixed shaft, a first screw connected to the side wall of the connecting rod, and a limit nut threadedly connected to the first screw, the first screw passes through the arc-shaped slide groove, the limit nut is located outside the fixed support body, and the connecting rod is provided with a through groove that cooperates with the fixed shaft.

[0016] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the snap-fit ​​assembly includes an arc-shaped connecting plate fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, an arc-shaped snap plate connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate, a second screw threadedly connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate, and a positioning damping plate connected to one end of the second screw, wherein the second screw is used to adjust the positioning damping plate to move toward or away from the arc-shaped snap plate.

[0017] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the height adjustment mechanism includes a second fixed shell fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed support body, a first motor fixedly connected to the second fixed shell, a gear transmission assembly arranged in the second fixed shell, a third screw connected to the output end of the gear transmission assembly, a fixed limiting sleeve fixedly connected to the second fixed shell, a moving tube slidably connected in the fixed limiting sleeve, and a fixed platform connected to the upper end of the moving tube, the moving tube is provided with a screw hole matching the third screw, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the input end of the gear transmission assembly.

[0018] As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the settlement range detection mechanism includes a second motor fixedly connected to a fixed platform, a movable sealing cover tube connected to the output shaft end of the second motor, an ultrasonic rangefinder and a seal fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable sealing cover tube, and the ultrasonic rangefinder is used to detect regional data of settlement around the well ring.

[0019] A method for treating uneven settlement of a manhole and its surroundings, using the above-mentioned device for treating uneven settlement of a manhole and its surroundings, comprises the following steps:

[0020] Move the Y-axis inclination angle detection mechanism to the center of the well ring through the multi-section telescopic rod, and connect the detachable connection component to the well ring through the middle connection component;

[0021] The X-axis inclination detection component and the Y-axis inclination detection component monitor the inclination data of the Z-axis vertical rod and the sliding sleeve around the X-axis and Y-axis in real time. The movement detection component detects the movement distance of the sliding sleeve along the Z-axis vertical rod. After comprehensive calculation, the settlement height data and settlement deflection data of the wellbore are obtained.

[0022] Then, the height adjustment mechanism drives the settlement range detection mechanism to extend out of the manhole cover. During the rising process, the settlement range detection mechanism continuously circles around the well ring to detect the height inside, forming the range data and settlement height data of the settlement area around the well ring.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is provided with an X-axis and Y-axis inclination detection mechanism and a settlement detection mechanism that can conveniently adjust the position, and the settlement detection mechanism is conveniently and stably detachably connected to the well ring through a synchronous connection mechanism, so that the actual settlement data and settlement deflection data of the well ring can be accurately obtained, and the range data of the road surface settlement area around the wellhead can be obtained, which can facilitate the staff to know the settlement of the inspection well structure and the surrounding area in real time. When the staff uses the inspection well, the various detection mechanisms can be conveniently moved to a position that does not affect the staff going down the well, which is more convenient and applicable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This invention Figure 1 Magnified view at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 This invention Figure 1 Magnified view at point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 This invention Figure 1 Enlarged view at center C;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the matching of the arc-shaped snap plate and the arc-shaped connecting plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the X-axis inclination angle detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the coordination of the height adjustment mechanism and the settlement range detection mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the coordination between the settlement detection mechanism and the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. X-axis tilt detection mechanism; 101. First fixed housing; 102. X-axis tilt sensor; 103. Multi-section telescopic rod; 2. Y-axis tilt detection mechanism; 201. Support frame; 202. First rotating groove; 203. Rotating shaft; 204. Z-axis vertical rod; 205. Y-axis tilt sensor; 3. Settlement detection mechanism; 301. Sliding sleeve; 302. Grating sensor; 303. Grating plate; 4. Synchronous connection mechanism; 401. Fixed support; 402. Second rotating groove; 403. Fixed shaft; 404. Connecting rod; 4040. Groove; 405, arc-shaped slide groove; 406, first screw; 407, arc-shaped connecting plate; 408, arc-shaped snap plate; 409, second screw; 410, positioning damping plate; 5, height adjustment mechanism; 501, second fixed shell; 502, first motor; 503, gear transmission assembly; 504, third screw; 505, fixed limit sleeve; 506, moving tube; 507, fixed platform; 6, settlement range detection mechanism; 601, second motor; 602, movable sealing cover; 603, ultrasonic rangefinder; 604, seal; 7, well ring; 8, well cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed solely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and that the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be varied without departing from the scope of this specification. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. In addition, features described with respect to some examples may also be combined in other examples.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a device for inspecting uneven settlement of a well and its surroundings is used to detect settlement data of a well ring 7 and its surrounding area, comprising an X-axis inclination detection mechanism 1 connected to the inner wall of the well, a Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2 connected to one end of the X-axis inclination detection mechanism 1, a settlement amount detection mechanism 3 connected to the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2, a synchronous connection mechanism 4 connected to the upper end of the settlement amount detection mechanism 3, a height adjustment mechanism 5 connected to the synchronous connection mechanism 4, and a settlement range detection mechanism 6 connected to one end of the height adjustment mechanism 5;

[0036] The X-axis inclination detection mechanism 1 includes an X-axis inclination detection assembly fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wellbore and a multi-section telescopic rod 103 movably connected to the X-axis inclination detection assembly. The multi-section telescopic rod 103 is arranged along the X-axis and can only rotate around the X-axis. The multi-section telescopic rod 103 is used to drive the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2 to move along the X-axis. The X-axis inclination detection assembly is used to detect the rotation angles of the multi-section telescopic rod 103 and the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2 simultaneously around the X-axis.

[0037] The Y-axis tilt angle detection mechanism 2 includes a Y-axis tilt angle detection component connected to one end of the multi-section telescopic rod 103 and a Z-axis vertical rod 204 movably connected to the Y-axis tilt angle detection component. The Y-axis tilt angle detection component is used to detect the rotation angle of the Z-axis vertical rod 204 around the Y-axis direction.

[0038] The settlement detection mechanism 3 includes a sliding sleeve 301 slidably mounted on the Z-axis vertical rod 204 and a movement detection assembly disposed between the sliding sleeve 301 and the Z-axis vertical rod 204. The movement detection assembly is used to detect the movement distance of the sliding sleeve 301 along the Z-axis direction.

[0039] The synchronous connection mechanism 4 includes a fixed connection component connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 301, an intermediate connection component movably connected to the fixed connection component, and a clamping component connected to one end of the intermediate connection component. The clamping component is detachably connected to the well ring 7. The well ring 7 drives the sliding sleeve 301 to move synchronously through the synchronous connection mechanism 4.

[0040] The height adjustment mechanism 5 is used to adjust the distance between the settlement range detection mechanism 6 and the sliding sleeve 301 . The settlement range detection mechanism 6 is used to detect the regional range data of the settlement around the well ring 7 .

[0041] It should be noted that when the device is installed and connected to the well component, the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2 is first moved to the center position of the well ring 7 through the multi-section telescopic rod 103, and the detachable connection component is connected to the well ring 7 through the middle connection component, wherein the multiple telescopic sections in the multi-section telescopic rod 103 can slide with each other, but can only slide along the X-axis direction, and the multiple telescopic sections cannot rotate with each other, and there are limit fixing parts between the multiple telescopic sections, such as limit bolts, spring latches or damping cooperation, which can ensure that the multi-section telescopic rod 103 maintains stability in the extended state, and can make the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism 2 always located directly below the center position of the well ring 7, thereby improving the accuracy of the overall detection data and preventing the occurrence of inaccurate local detection;

[0042] Then, the X-axis inclination detection component and the Y-axis inclination detection component monitor the inclination data of the Z-axis vertical rod 204 and the sliding sleeve 301 around the X-axis and Y-axis in real time, and cooperate with the movement detection component to detect the movement distance of the sliding sleeve 301 along the Z-axis vertical rod 204. After comprehensive calculation, the settlement height data and settlement deflection data of the well ring 7 are obtained;

[0043] When the X-axis inclination detection component and / or the Y-axis inclination detection component and / or the two moving detection components detect that the well ring 7 has settled and / or tilted, the height adjustment mechanism 5 drives the settlement range detection mechanism 6 to extend out of the manhole cover 8. The settlement range detection mechanism 6 continuously circles around the well ring 7 to detect the height inside during the rising process, forming the range data and settlement height data of the settlement area around the well ring 7. It should be noted that a hole must be opened on the manhole cover 8 for the settlement range detection mechanism 6 to pass through, and the area cut by the hole can be actually connected to the settlement range detection mechanism 6, and the connection method can be welding.

[0044] The X-axis inclination detection assembly includes a first fixed housing 101 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wellbore and an X-axis inclination sensor 102 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first fixed housing 101. One end of a multi-section telescopic rod 103 is movably connected to the first fixed housing 101 and connected to the input end of the X-axis inclination sensor 102.

[0045] The Y-axis inclination detection component includes a support frame 201 fixedly connected to the other end of the multi-section telescopic rod 103, a first rotating groove 202 provided on the support frame 201, a rotating shaft 203 movably connected to the inner wall of the first rotating groove 202, and a Y-axis inclination sensor 205 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame 201, one end of the rotating shaft 203 is connected to the input end of the Y-axis inclination sensor 205, and the Z-axis vertical rod 204 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 203.

[0046] It should be noted that when the well ring 7 tilts during the settlement process, the well ring 7 will drive the middle connection component to move synchronously, in the same direction and at the same angle through the clamping component in the synchronous connection mechanism 4. During the movement of the middle connection component, it will drive the fixed connection component and the sliding sleeve 301 to move together. The sliding sleeve 301 will follow the direction of movement and the deflection angle and will be divided into X-axis and Y-axis inclination rotation after differentiation. Specifically, during the movement of the sliding sleeve 301, it drives the Z-axis vertical rod 204 connected to it for sliding movement. At this time, the Z-axis vertical rod 204 can rotate around the support. The central axis of the rotating shaft 203 set on the support body 201, that is, the Y-axis, rotates, and the inclination angle change value is the real-time data obtained by the Y-axis inclination sensor 205 connected to the outer wall of the support body 201. At the same time, the Z-axis vertical rod 204 can also drive the connected multi-section telescopic rod 103 to rotate around the X-axis at any inclination angle through the rotating shaft 203 and the support body 201. The inclination angle value is obtained by the X-axis inclination sensor 102 connected to the first fixed shell 101. After obtaining the inclination angle change value, the actual inclination angle of the well ring 7 can be calculated by trigonometric functions.

[0047] The movement detection component includes a grating sensor 302 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 301 and a grating plate 303 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the Z-axis vertical rod 204 . The grating plate 303 is arranged corresponding to the grating sensor 302 .

[0048] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, if the tilt angle of the well ring 7 changes during the settlement process, the actual settlement value of the well ring 7 and the specific settlement space data of the low and high ends when tilted can be calculated by trigonometric functions in conjunction with the movement distance of the sliding sleeve 301 along the Z-axis vertical rod 204, so that the staff can perform accurate calculations and carry out precise maintenance and construction.

[0049] Among them, the fixed connection component includes a fixed support body 401 fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve 301, several second rotation grooves 402 symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the fixed support body 401, a fixed shaft 403 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotation groove 402, and an arc-shaped slide groove 405 passing through the second rotation groove 402, and the center of the arc-shaped slide groove 405 is located on the central axis of the fixed shaft 403.

[0050] The central connecting assembly includes a connecting rod 404 movably connected to the fixed shaft 403, a first screw 406 connected to the side wall of the connecting rod 404, and a limit nut threadedly connected to the first screw 406. The first screw 406 passes through the arc-shaped slide groove 405, the limit nut is located outside the fixed support body 401, and the connecting rod 404 is provided with a through groove 4040 that cooperates with the fixed shaft 403.

[0051] The snap-fit ​​assembly includes an arc-shaped connecting plate 407 fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 404, an arc-shaped snap plate 408 connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate 407, a second screw 409 threadedly connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate 407, and a positioning damping plate 410 connected to one end of the second screw 409. The second screw 409 is used to adjust the positioning damping plate 410 to move toward or away from the arc-shaped snap plate 408.

[0052] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, when the staff is installing the synchronous connection mechanism 4 on the well ring 7 or removing it from the well ring 7, they first move the fixed bracket 401 connected to the sliding sleeve 301 to just below the center of the well ring 7, and then loosen the limit nuts threaded on each connecting rod 404, so that the first screw 406 and the connecting rod 404 are no longer limited. At this time, the connecting rod 404 can rotate within an angular range around the axis of the fixed shaft 403, so that the arc connecting plate 407 and the arc snap plate 408 connected to the connecting rod 404 are deflected and moved to the position where the well ring 7 and the manhole cover 8 are in contact. Then, the arc snap plate 408 is clamped on the edge of the well ring 7 from top to bottom. At this time, the arc connecting plate The second screw 409 connected to 407 and the positioning damping plate 410 connected to the second screw 409 are located below the edge of the well ring 7. By rotating the second screw 409, it drives the positioning damping plate 410 to move toward the edge of the well ring 7 until the positioning damping plate 410 contacts and tightens against the edge of the well ring 7, and then the limit nut is re-tightened. At this time, the entire arc-shaped connecting plate 407 and the arc-shaped snap plate 408 are stably buckled on the protrusion of the edge of the well ring 7, so that the sliding sleeve 301 can move synchronously with the well ring 7. During disassembly, the second screw 409 and the limiting nut can be loosened and then easily disassembled. After disassembly, the entire equipment can be moved to a position close to the inner wall of the well shaft, which can provide space for staff to go down the well, which is more convenient.

[0053] The height adjustment mechanism 5 includes a second fixed housing 501 fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed support 401, a first motor 502 fixedly connected to the second fixed housing 501, a gear transmission assembly 503 provided in the second fixed housing 501, a third screw 504 connected to the output end of the gear transmission assembly 503, a fixed limiting sleeve 505 fixedly connected to the second fixed housing 501, a moving tube 506 slidably connected in the fixed limiting sleeve 505, and a fixed platform 507 connected to the upper end of the moving tube 506. The moving tube 506 is provided with a screw hole that cooperates with the third screw 504. The output shaft of the first motor 502 is connected to the input end of the gear transmission assembly 503.

[0054] The settlement range detection mechanism 6 includes a second motor 601 fixedly connected to the fixed platform 507, a movable sealing cover tube 602 connected to the output shaft end of the second motor 601, an ultrasonic rangefinder 603 and a seal 604 fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable sealing cover tube 602, and the ultrasonic rangefinder 603 is used to detect the regional data of the settlement around the well ring 7.

[0055] It should be noted that, as mentioned above, when the X-axis inclination detection component and / or the Y-axis inclination detection component and / or the two moving detection components detect that the well ring 7 has settled and / or tilted, the height adjustment mechanism 5 drives the settlement range detection mechanism 6 to extend out of the manhole cover 8. The settlement range detection mechanism 6 continuously circles around the well ring 7 to detect the height inside during the rising process, forming the range data and settlement height data of the settlement area around the well ring 7. Specifically, the first motor 502 drives the third screw 504 to rotate through the gear transmission component 503. After the third screw 504 rotates, it drives the moving tube 506 to move along the length direction of the third screw 504, that is, along the Z axis or along the Z axis vertical rod 204 after the inclination angle changes. Because the well ring 7 and the sliding sleeve 3 01 always maintains a vertical state, so the moving tube 506 can always push the fixed platform 507 and the ultrasonic rangefinder 603 out of the perforation on the manhole cover 8 during the movement, and in the process of continuous movement, the movable sealing cover tube 602 is driven to rotate by the second motor 601. Every time the moving tube 506 moves up a unit distance, the second motor 601 drives the movable sealing cover tube 602 to rotate 360 ​​degrees. During the rotation process, the ultrasonic rangefinder 603 obtains the range of the settlement area of ​​the road surface around the manhole ring 7 at this height, and then continues to move up, and so on, and finally forms the maximum range data of the settlement area around the manhole ring 7, which can reduce the measurement errors caused by the staff when measuring with tools such as rulers in actual operations.

[0056] The above describes the embodiments of this embodiment, but this embodiment is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. The above specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms based on the inspiration of this embodiment, all of which are protected by this embodiment.

Claims

1. A device for detecting uneven settlement of a well and its surroundings, used for detecting settlement data of a well ring (7) and its surrounding area, characterized in that: The invention comprises an X-axis inclination detection mechanism (1) connected to the inner wall of the well, a Y-axis inclination detection mechanism (2) connected to one end of the X-axis inclination detection mechanism (1), a settlement amount detection mechanism (3) connected to the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism (2), a synchronous connection mechanism (4) connected to the upper end of the settlement amount detection mechanism (3), a height adjustment mechanism (5) connected to the synchronous connection mechanism (4), and a settlement range detection mechanism (6) connected to one end of the height adjustment mechanism (5); The X-axis inclination detection mechanism (1) comprises an X-axis inclination detection assembly fixedly connected to the inner wall of the well and a multi-section telescopic rod (103) movably connected to the X-axis inclination detection assembly, wherein the multi-section telescopic rod (103) is arranged along the X-axis and can only rotate around the X-axis, the multi-section telescopic rod (103) is used to drive the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism (2) to move along the X-axis, and the X-axis inclination detection assembly is used to detect the rotation angles of the multi-section telescopic rod (103) and the Y-axis inclination detection mechanism (2) around the X-axis simultaneously; The Y-axis inclination angle detection mechanism (2) comprises a Y-axis inclination angle detection component connected to one end of the multi-section telescopic rod (103) and a Z-axis vertical rod (204) movably connected to the Y-axis inclination angle detection component, wherein the Y-axis inclination angle detection component is used to detect the rotation angle of the Z-axis vertical rod (204) around the Y-axis direction; The settlement amount detection mechanism (3) comprises a sliding sleeve (301) slidably mounted on the Z-axis vertical rod (204) and a movement amount detection component arranged between the sliding sleeve (301) and the Z-axis vertical rod (204), wherein the movement amount detection component is used to detect the movement distance of the sliding sleeve (301) along the Z-axis direction; The synchronous connection mechanism (4) comprises a fixed connection component connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve (301), a middle connection component movably connected to the fixed connection component, and a clamping component connected to one end of the middle connection component, wherein the clamping component is detachably connected to the well ring (7), and the well ring (7) drives the sliding sleeve (301) to move synchronously through the synchronous connection mechanism (4); The height adjustment mechanism (5) is used to adjust the distance between the settlement range detection mechanism (6) and the sliding sleeve (301), and the settlement range detection mechanism (6) is used to detect regional range data of settlement around the well ring (7).

2. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis inclination detection assembly comprises a first fixed housing (101) fixedly connected to the inner wall of a well and an X-axis inclination sensor (102) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first fixed housing (101); one end of the multi-section telescopic rod (103) is movably connected to the first fixed housing (101) and connected to an input end of the X-axis inclination sensor (102).

3. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The Y-axis inclination detection component comprises a support frame (201) fixedly connected to the other end of the multi-section telescopic rod (103), a first rotation groove (202) provided on the support frame (201), a rotating shaft (203) movably connected to the inner wall of the first rotation groove (202), and a Y-axis inclination sensor (205) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame (201), one end of the rotating shaft (203) is connected to the input end of the Y-axis inclination sensor (205), and a Z-axis vertical rod (204) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (203).

4. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movement detection component comprises a grating sensor (302) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (301) and a grating plate (303) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the Z-axis vertical rod (204), and the grating plate (303) is arranged corresponding to the grating sensor (302).

5. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed connection assembly comprises a fixed support body (401) fixedly connected to the upper end of the sliding sleeve (301), a plurality of second rotation grooves (402) symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the fixed support body (401), a fixed shaft (403) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second rotation groove (402), and an arc-shaped slide groove (405) passing through the second rotation groove (402), wherein the center of the arc-shaped slide groove (405) is located on the central axis of the fixed shaft (403).

6. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The intermediate connecting assembly comprises a connecting rod (404) movably connected to a fixed shaft (403), a first screw rod (406) connected to a side wall of the connecting rod (404), and a limiting nut threadedly connected to the first screw rod (406), wherein the first screw rod (406) passes through an arc-shaped sliding groove (405), the limiting nut is located outside the fixed support body (401), and the connecting rod (404) is provided with a through groove (4040) that matches the fixed shaft (403).

7. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​assembly comprises an arc-shaped connecting plate (407) fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (404), an arc-shaped snap plate (408) connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate (407), a second screw rod (409) threadedly connected to the arc-shaped connecting plate (407), and a positioning damping plate (410) connected to one end of the second screw rod (409), wherein the second screw rod (409) is used to adjust the positioning damping plate (410) to move toward or away from the arc-shaped snap plate (408).

8. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height adjustment mechanism (5) comprises a second fixed housing (501) fixedly connected to the upper end of the fixed support (401), a first motor (502) fixedly connected to the second fixed housing (501), a gear transmission assembly (503) provided in the second fixed housing (501), a third screw (504) connected to the output end of the gear transmission assembly (503), a fixed limiting sleeve (505) fixedly connected to the second fixed housing (501), a moving tube (506) slidably connected to the fixed limiting sleeve (505), and a fixed platform (507) connected to the upper end of the moving tube (506), wherein the moving tube (506) is provided with a screw hole matched with the third screw (504), and the output shaft of the first motor (502) is connected to the input end of the gear transmission assembly (503).

9. The device for uneven settlement of an inspection well and its surroundings according to claim 8, characterized in that: The settlement range detection mechanism (6) comprises a second motor (601) fixedly connected to a fixed platform (507), a movable sealing cover (602) connected to the output shaft end of the second motor (601), an ultrasonic rangefinder (603) fixedly connected to the upper end of the movable sealing cover (602), and a sealing member (604). The ultrasonic rangefinder (603) is used to detect regional data of settlement around the wellbore (7).

10. A method for inspecting uneven settlement of a well and its surroundings, characterized in that: The device for inspecting uneven settlement of a well and its surrounding areas as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: The Y-axis inclination angle detection mechanism (2) is moved to the center of the well ring (7) via a multi-section telescopic rod (103), and the detachable clamping assembly is connected to the well ring (7) via a central connecting assembly; The inclination data of the Z-axis vertical rod (204) and the sliding sleeve (301) around the X-axis and Y-axis directions are monitored in real time by the X-axis inclination detection component and the Y-axis inclination detection component, and the movement distance of the sliding sleeve (301) along the Z-axis vertical rod (204) is detected in conjunction with the movement amount detection component, and the settlement height data and settlement deflection data of the well ring (7) are obtained after comprehensive calculation; Then, the height adjustment mechanism (5) drives the settlement range detection mechanism (6) to extend out of the manhole cover (8). The settlement range detection mechanism (6) continuously circles around the detection well ring (7) to detect the height inside the well ring (7) during the rising process, thereby forming range data and settlement height data of the settlement area around the well ring (7).

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