Intelligent hydraulic support and roadway support regulation method

Abstract

The application discloses an intelligent hydraulic support and a roadway supporting regulation method, and relates to the field of roadway safety. The intelligent hydraulic support comprises a roof beam, a stand column, a base and a pressure sensor; the roof beam comprises a main beam and two auxiliary beams. The roadway supporting regulation method comprises the following steps: obtaining the roadway load borne by the intelligent hydraulic support detected by the pressure sensor in real time, comparing the roadway load with the supporting force of the intelligent hydraulic support, and thus controlling the intelligent hydraulic support to support by the main beam, one auxiliary beam or two auxiliary beams, or controlling the stand column of the intelligent hydraulic support to shrink to unload the roadway load. The intelligent hydraulic support and the roadway supporting regulation method can autonomously predict the roadway surrounding rock pressure and autonomously adjust and control the supporting mode of the hydraulic support according to the characteristics and size of the pressure, so that the roadway production efficiency and safety are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roadway safety, in particular to an intelligent hydraulic support and a roadway support regulation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing depth and intensity of coal mining, engineering disasters also frequently occur, such as rock burst, gas explosion, high ground temperature, large deformation of roadway surrounding rock, etc., which pose a great threat to the safe mining of deep resources.

[0003] At present, hydraulic supports have been widely used in working faces in China, while the roadway support form is still mainly single hydraulic column support. However, the single roadway support form makes the hydraulic support easily damaged in different environments, and cannot effectively improve the safety of roadway work. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an intelligent hydraulic support and a roadway support regulation method, which can autonomously predict the pressure of the surrounding rock of the roadway and autonomously adjust and control the support mode of the hydraulic support according to the characteristics and size of the pressure, thereby improving the production efficiency and safety of the roadway.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0006] An intelligent hydraulic support, comprising: a roof beam, a column, a base and a pressure sensor;

[0007] The roof beam comprises a main beam and two auxiliary beams, both of which are arranged in an inverted U shape; the two auxiliary beams are arranged at the front and rear of the inside of the main beam and are connected by a moving jack;

[0008] The column is sequentially divided into a bottom end column, a middle end column and a top end column from bottom to top, and is sequentially contained; when the lower segment column contains the upper segment column, the inside of the lower segment column is pre-provided with an expansion area;

[0009] The base is composed of a main base in the middle and movable bases on both sides of the main base, and the movable bases are connected with the main base through rotating pulleys and are movable through the rotating pulleys;

[0010] The base is connected with the roof beam through the column; the column on the main base is integrally connected with the main base, and the column on the movable base is integrally and movably connected with the movable base;

[0011] The pressure sensor is arranged on the roof beam and is used for detecting the roadway load received by the intelligent hydraulic support in real time when the intelligent hydraulic support is working.

[0012] Optionally, the roof beam further comprises a sliding groove arranged on the side of the main beam, after the auxiliary beam is pushed out of the main beam by the pushing jacks, the auxiliary beam moves along the sliding groove to the position flush with the main beam.

[0013] Optionally, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises an intelligent early warning signal lamp and an intelligent pressure alarm.

[0014] The intelligent early warning signal lamp and the intelligent pressure alarm are arranged on the roof beam and electrically connected with the pressure sensor, and are respectively used for displaying different colors and alarming according to the roadway load detected by the pressure sensor in real time.

[0015] Optionally, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises a pressure display.

[0016] The pressure display is arranged in the safety area of the roof beam of the intelligent hydraulic support, and is used for recording and displaying the roadway load detected by each pressure sensor in real time.

[0017] Optionally, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises a remote controller.

[0018] The remote controller is connected with the pressure sensor and the intelligent hydraulic support respectively, and is used for remotely controlling the intelligent hydraulic support.

[0019] A roadway support regulation method based on the intelligent hydraulic support, comprising:

[0020] Obtaining the roadway load C detected by the pressure sensor in real time;

[0021] Comparing the roadway load C with the support force of the intelligent hydraulic support, when judging C

[0022] When judging N

[0023] When judging N+n

[0024] When judging C>N+2n, controlling the column of the intelligent hydraulic support to shrink to unload the roadway load.

[0025] Optionally, the control of the column of the intelligent hydraulic support to shrink to unload the roadway load specifically comprises:

[0026] Determining whether the roadway is affected by periodic pressure or impact ground pressure according to the roadway load C;

[0027] When it is determined that the roadway is affected by periodic weighting, the formula controlling the contraction amount of the column; wherein, ΔQi is the difference between the overall load of the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam when the roadway is affected by periodic weighting, ΔQi=(F+Qi)-(N+2n); Qi is the disturbance load of the roadway on the ith day, i=1, 2, 3…a, and a is the duration of the periodic weighting; F is the support force required for the roadway to maintain safe production under static load conditions; f is the range load of the contraction length of the column; k is the unit length of the column contraction;

[0028] When it is determined that the roadway is affected by impact ground pressure, the formula controlling the contraction amount of the column; wherein, Qj is the load of the roadway affected by impact ground pressure; and when F+Qj>N+2n, the difference between the overall load of the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam is ΔQj.

[0029] Optionally, the roadway support regulation method further comprises:

[0030] When it is determined that C<N, the intelligent early warning signal lamp is controlled to flash green, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display is displayed by a green number;

[0031] When it is determined that N<C<N+n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp is controlled to flash yellow, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display is displayed by a yellow number;

[0032] When it is determined that N+n<C<N+2n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp is controlled to flash red, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display is displayed by a red number;

[0033] When it is determined that C>N+2n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp is controlled to flash red, the roadway load displayed on the pressure display is displayed by a red number, and the intelligent pressure alarm is controlled to send an alarm signal.

[0034] Optionally, the roadway support regulation method further comprises: remotely controlling the intelligent hydraulic support through a remote controller.

[0035] According to the specific embodiments of the present application, the following technical effects are provided:

[0036] The application provides a kind of intelligent hydraulic support and roadway support regulation method, wherein the intelligent hydraulic support includes roof beam, stand, base and pressure sensor;The roof beam includes main beam and two vice beams.The roadway support regulation method includes: obtaining the roadway load that the intelligent hydraulic support is subjected to detected by pressure sensor in real time, and comparing the roadway load with the support force of intelligent hydraulic support, to control intelligent hydraulic support to support by main beam, one vice beam or two vice beams, or control the stand of intelligent hydraulic support to shrink to unload pressure to roadway load.Unlike traditional roadway support method, the intelligent hydraulic support of the application has more intelligent, more autonomous, more systematic support characteristics, can regularly and systematically support roadway according to the load between roadway and support, and can record, analyze and feedback to staff at any time while supporting the load condition of roadway surrounding rock, so that the overall situation of roadway is more clearly and more comprehensively mastered, so that the production of roadway is safer and more efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the vice beam of the intelligent hydraulic support provided by the application when it is retracted is shown in the figure.

[0039] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the vice beam of the intelligent hydraulic support provided by the application when it is deployed is shown in the figure.

[0040] Figure 3 The structure schematic diagram of the stand of the intelligent hydraulic support provided by the application before it is retracted is shown in the figure.

[0041] Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the stand of the intelligent hydraulic support provided by the application after it is retracted is shown in the figure.

[0042] Figure 5 The support state and pressure display state schematic diagram of the support provided by the application when C

[0043] Figure 6 The support state and pressure display state schematic diagram of the support provided by the application when N

[0044] Figure 7 The support state and pressure display state schematic diagram of the support provided by the application when N+n

[0045] Figure 8 The intelligent pressure alarm and the intelligent early warning signal lamp provided by the application have the structure as shown in the schematic view.

[0046] Symbol explanation:

[0047] 1-main beam, 2-secondary beam, 3-jacking jack, 4-slideway, 5-stand, 501-top stand, 502-middle stand, 503-bottom stand, 6-base, 601-main base, 602-movable base, 7-hydraulic hole, 8-telescopic area, 9-hydraulic valve, 10-buffer area, 11-energy absorption port, 12-rotary pulley, 13-pressure sensor, 14-pressure display, 15-pressure display screen, 16-intelligent pressure alarm, 17-intelligent early warning signal lamp. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0049] With the continuous emergence of new ideas and new thoughts, coal mine production is constantly advancing towards the direction of unmanned, automation and intelligence, and each link of production is undergoing unprecedented innovation. New technologies and new equipment are constantly emerging in many mines. In the aspect of roadway support, many scholars at home and abroad have proposed new support theories and developed new support equipment, which has solved the problem of roadway support to a certain extent, but still not to the root. Based on the current situation of coal mine roadway support, the pressure characteristics of some mine roadway surrounding rock and the main features of roadway deformation are analyzed, and the most advanced and effective support measures in the current industry are referred to, and an intelligent hydraulic support and roadway support regulation method are provided, which can autonomously predict the pressure of roadway surrounding rock and autonomously adjust and control the support mode of the hydraulic support according to the characteristics and size of the pressure, so as to improve the production efficiency and safety of the roadway.

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] Reference is made to Figures 1 to 7The application provides a kind of intelligent hydraulic support, comprising: roof beam, stand 5, base 6 and pressure sensor 13.The roof beam comprises main beam 1 and two auxiliary beams 2, which are arranged as inverted U-shaped;Two auxiliary beams 2 are arranged in front and back inside the main beam 1 and connected by moving jack 3.The roof beam also comprises sliding chute 4, which is arranged on the side of the main beam 1.After the auxiliary beam 2 is pushed out of the main beam 1 by moving jack 3, the auxiliary beam 2 moves along the sliding chute 4 to the position flush with the main beam 1.

[0052] Different from traditional hydraulic support, the purpose of arranging the roof beam (main beam 1 and auxiliary beam 2) of the intelligent hydraulic support (referred to as support) as inverted U-shaped is to make the roof beam more completely fit the roadway roof when supporting the roadway, so as to achieve more effective support effect.In addition, the two auxiliary beams 2 arranged in front and back inside the roof beam are connected by moving jack 3, so that when the auxiliary beam 2 needs to be unfolded for support, the intelligent hydraulic support pushes the auxiliary beam 2 out of the main beam 1 by moving jack 3 according to the size of roadway load, and then the auxiliary beam 2 moves along the sliding chute 4 on the side of the main beam 1 to the position flush with the main beam 1, thereby completing the support task.When the roadway load decreases, the auxiliary beam 2 will return to the main beam 1 and be stored inside the main beam 1.

[0053] Referring to Figure 4 The stand 5 is sequentially divided into bottom end stand 503, middle end stand 502 and top end stand 501 from bottom to top, and sequentially contained;When the lower segment stand contains the upper segment stand, the lower segment stand is internally pre-provided with expansion area 8.

[0054] The stand contraction principle of the intelligent hydraulic support of the application is the same as that of traditional hydraulic support, which is completed by liquid pressure principle, but the intelligent hydraulic support can control the contraction change of the stand 5 with regularity.

[0055] Specifically, each stand of the intelligent hydraulic support is divided into three segments, namely bottom end stand 503, middle end stand 502 and top end stand 501, which are sequentially contained and connected from bottom to top, but when the lower segment stand contains the upper segment stand, the lower segment stand is internally pre-provided with certain expansion area 8, which aims to achieve energy absorption and support effect when the intelligent hydraulic support works.In addition, the contraction change of the stand 5 starts from the top end stand 501, i.e., when the top end stand 501 is elongated / shortened to the limit value, the middle end stand 502 starts to elongate / shorten;When the middle end stand 502 is elongated / shortened to the limit value, the bottom end stand 503 starts to elongate / shorten.The intelligent hydraulic support is also provided with hydraulic hole 7 and hydraulic valve 9 on the side of the stand 5, and the lower part of the stand 5 is also provided with buffer area 10.The hydraulic hole 7 and hydraulic valve 9 are only used when the stand 5 is injected with liquid and the stand 5 is repaired, and will not be used when the stand 5 is normally working.

[0056] Referring to Figure 4 The base 6 is composed of a middle main base 601 and movable bases 602 on both sides of the main base 601, and the movable bases 602 are connected with the main base 601 through rotating pulleys 12 and are movable through the rotating pulleys 12. The base 6 is connected with the top beam through the columns 5, and the columns 5 on the main base 601 are integrally connected with the main base 601, and the columns 5 on the movable bases 602 are integrally and movably connected with the movable bases 602.

[0057] Unlike the base of the conventional hydraulic support, the base 6 of the intelligent hydraulic support is not fixed but composed of three parts, of which the left and right parts are movable within a certain range and are movable bases 602, and the middle part is completely close to the ground during work and is a main base 601. The three bases are connected through rotating pulleys 12, and when the roadway load changes, the rotating pulleys 12 can automatically adjust the left and right movable bases 602 to form an energy absorption opening 11 between the movable bases 602 and the main base 601, thereby completing the support task. The columns 5 are arranged on each base 6 and are connected with the top beam, and since the columns 5 on the main base 601 and the main base serve as the main frame of the intelligent hydraulic support and need to have a firm support structure, the columns 5 on the main base 601 are integrally connected with the main base 601. Since the movable bases 602 can move within a small range through the rotation of the rotating pulleys 12, the columns 5 on the movable bases 602 and the movable bases 602 are integrally and movably connected to ensure that the columns 5 on the movable bases 602 can always be perpendicular to the roadway floor.

[0058] It is necessary to emphasize that before the intelligent hydraulic support is put into use, the intelligent hydraulic support needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation of the roadway, and after it is put into use, the support operation is performed according to the support law provided by the present application; when the intelligent hydraulic support is only supported by the main beam 1 and the auxiliary beam 2 does not participate in the support, the state of the column 5 is the same as that before the intelligent hydraulic support is put into use, and only the main beam 1 can contact the roadway roof and complete the support, and it does not perform complex contraction changes; when the intelligent hydraulic support is supported by the main beam and the auxiliary beam, the state of the column 5 is the same as that when only the main beam 1 participates in the support, and it also does not perform complex contraction changes; when the intelligent hydraulic support is supported by the main beam and the auxiliary beam and the support force cannot meet the support requirements, the column 5 will perform contraction changes.

[0059] The pressure sensor 13 is arranged on the top beam and is used to detect the roadway load C received by the intelligent hydraulic support in real time when the intelligent hydraulic support is working. Figures 5 to 7As shown, the present application arranges multiple pressure sensors 13 at a certain distance on the main and auxiliary beams of the intelligent hydraulic support near the side of the top plate, and numbers each pressure sensor 13.

[0060] As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises an intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 and an intelligent pressure alarm 16. Figure 8 The intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 are arranged on the top beam and are electrically connected with the pressure sensor 13, and are respectively used for displaying different colors and alarming according to the roadway load detected by the pressure sensor 13 in real time. The intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 can display the load change between the intelligent hydraulic support and the roadway roof to the staff in the roadway in a more convenient and simple way, so that the staff can know the load condition of the roadway surrounding rock at any time. Just like the eyes and mouth of the intelligent hydraulic support, it can not only reflect the load change of the roadway roof in real time, but also remind the staff to maintain a high safety awareness at any time, so that the production of the roadway becomes intelligent, transparent and safe.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises a pressure display 14; the pressure display 14 is arranged in the safety area of the top beam of the intelligent hydraulic support, and is used for recording and displaying the roadway load detected by each pressure sensor 13 in real time. The intelligent hydraulic support can further comprise a pressure display screen 15; each intelligent hydraulic support and pressure display 14 also has its own number.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the intelligent hydraulic support further comprises a remote controller; the remote controller is connected with the pressure sensor 13 and the intelligent hydraulic support respectively, and is used for remotely controlling the intelligent hydraulic support. The remote controller is established on the ground, and the self information and support information of each intelligent hydraulic support of each roadway are monitored, collected, stored and analyzed, so as to master the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway, and to make reasonable and scientific adjustment to the support mode of the roadway; at the same time, the remote controller can simply remotely control the support.

[0063] The present application takes the intelligent hydraulic support in the roadway as the core, and can realize five functions of self-adjusting support, self-energy absorption and yielding support, intelligent pressure sensing, intelligent pressure early warning and ground remote control.

[0064] Self-adjusting support function

[0065] The realization of the self-adjusting support function is mainly the innovation of the top beam of the intelligent hydraulic support of the roadway, so that in the actual production process, the intelligent hydraulic support can adjust the support mode of the top beam according to the load change of the roadway roof, change the support force of the top beam on the roadway roof, and thus achieve the ideal support effect.

[0066] The top beam of the intelligent hydraulic support is designed into a combined support form of one main beam 1 and two auxiliary beams 2, wherein the main beam 1 serves as the main support beam and can provide the main support force for the intelligent hydraulic support; the two auxiliary beams 2 serve as auxiliary support beams and can provide additional support force when the load of the roadway roof changes.

[0067] Suppose that the maximum rated support force generated by the main beam 1 when fully supporting is N, and the support force required for the roadway to maintain safe production under static load is F; if there is a disturbance load (periodic pressure of the roadway, impact ground pressure, etc.) in the roadway, and the size of the disturbance load is Q, when F+Q<N, the main beam 1 can fully provide the support required for the support, therefore, the main task of the roadway support is completed by the main beam 1 only, without the auxiliary support of the auxiliary beam 2, at this time, the intelligent hydraulic support is in the state as shown in Figure 1 If the surrounding rock of the roadway is affected by a larger disturbance, the support force required for the roadway will increase, when F+Q is much larger than N, the main beam 1 cannot provide enough support force to keep the roadway roof in normal state, at this time, the intelligent hydraulic support can automatically expand the auxiliary beam 2 to further increase the overall support force of the intelligent hydraulic support, so that the roadway can maintain a safe production state, at this time, the intelligent hydraulic support is in the state as shown in Figure 2 .

[0068] Suppose that the maximum support force that each auxiliary beam 2 can provide is n, when N<F+Q<N+n, the intelligent hydraulic support only needs to expand one auxiliary beam 2 to perform the support task; when N+n<F+Q<N+2n, the intelligent hydraulic support will expand two auxiliary beams 2 so that the support force of the intelligent hydraulic support reaches a safe value. After the disturbance factor disappears, the intelligent hydraulic support can retract the auxiliary beam 2 according to the site conditions, and keep the original state of supporting only by the main beam 1. The auxiliary beam 2 of the intelligent hydraulic support can not only assist the main beam 1 to increase the overall support force of the intelligent hydraulic support to achieve the support effect, but also can increase the roof control area of the intelligent hydraulic support when the auxiliary beam 2 is fully expanded, to prevent roof fall.

[0069] The intelligent hydraulic support can not only greatly reduce the labor of the roadway support and improve the support efficiency, but also make the support work of the roadway automatic, continuous and intelligent.

[0070] Self-energy absorption and displacement support function

[0071] The self-energy absorption and yielding support function is mainly realized by the self-shrinking of the intelligent hydraulic support column 5 when the roof pressure of the roadway is far more than the maximum support force of the main beam 1 and the auxiliary beam 2, thereby unloading part of the load between the support and the roof of the roadway to a certain extent, achieving the support effect of energy absorption and yielding, and enabling the roadway to be still used in a short time.

[0072] It is known that when F+Q<N+2n, the support force of the support is provided by the main and auxiliary beams, at this time, the column 5 always remains in the original support state; when F+Q>N+2n, the support force provided by the main and auxiliary beams is far less than the load of the roof of the roadway, and the column 5 cannot provide too much support to avoid the complete destruction of the entire support when forced to support, which not only fails to achieve the support effect, but also causes certain economic losses, and even causes serious roadway accidents. Therefore, the column 5 needs to be shrunk to a certain extent to reduce the interaction force between the support and the roof of the roadway, thereby reducing the load of the roof on the support, achieving the support effect of energy absorption and yielding, which can support the roadway without damaging the support.

[0073] The intelligent hydraulic support sets up three self-sensing and regulating columns 5, when the roof load (static load plus dynamic load) received by the intelligent hydraulic support reaches the maximum support force of the main and auxiliary beams, i.e. F+Q=N+2n, the column 5 starts to shrink.

[0074] When the roadway is affected by periodic pressure, since the periodic pressure has a certain pressure law, the support can adjust the shrinkage of the column according to such law. Assuming that the duration of a certain periodic pressure is a days, the disturbance load received by the roadway per day is Qi (i=1, 2, 3…a), and the static load is still F, at this time, the overall load received by the roadway is F+Qi, and F+Qi>N+2n, the shrinkage amount of the column 5 is determined by the difference ΔQi between the overall load received by the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam, ΔQi=(F+Qi)-(N+2n), when ΔQi∈(0,f) (f is the range of the load of the shrinkage length of the column), the column 5 shrinks 0-k mm; when ΔQi∈(f,2f), the column 5 shrinks k-2k mm, and so on. If ΔQi starts to decrease, the column 5 will also be elongated accordingly, and the law is the same as above. It should be noted that the shrinkage of the column 5 is performed at any time when the load changes, and when the support can unload certain load to enable the support to support the roadway in a short time, the column will stop shrinking.

[0075] When the roadway is affected by the impact pressure, since the occurrence of the impact pressure is always sudden, the time and size of the impact pressure are generally irregular, thus it is difficult to take protective measures in advance, and the impact pressure will be more rapid and more violent, and the destructiveness will be greater, so the pressure relief mode of the column 5 will be different from that in the case of periodic pressure.

[0076] Suppose the load of the roadway affected by the impact pressure is Qj, when F+Qj>N+2n, the difference between the overall load of the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam is AQj=(F+Qj)-(N+2n), when AQj∈(0,1 / 3f), the column contracts 0-2k mm; when AQj∈(1 / 3f,2 / 3f), the column contracts 2k-4k mm, and so on. Since the occurrence of the impact pressure is always very short, when the appearance of the pressure is not over, the column 5 will only keep the state of contraction change, and will not be elongated due to the decrease of the impact pressure at a certain moment, and the specific structural changes of the column 5 before and after contraction are shown as in Figure 3 and Figure 4

[0077] Under the influence of the two pressures, the column 5 will keep the specified contraction change according to the setting, if the support can safely pass through the supporting stage under the influence of the pressure, then after the two pressure factors disappear, the column 5 will restore to the supporting state under the condition of only static load. It should be noted that the length of the column 5 that can be contracted is limited, so the load that can be unloaded by the support is also limited.

[0078] Intelligent pressure sensing function

[0079] The intelligent pressure sensing function is an important link for the intelligent hydraulic support to autonomously select the corresponding supporting measures according to the load change of the roadway surrounding rock, and to judge the load size between the support roof beam and the roof. The main function is to sense the load of the support in real time when the support is working, and to command the support to make a reasonable supporting posture through the size of the sensed load.

[0080] First, pressure sensors 13 are installed at intervals on the main and auxiliary beams of the support, close to the roof side, and each pressure sensor 13 is numbered; second, a pressure display 14 is arranged in the safe area of each support roof beam, which records the load sensed by each pressure sensor 13 in real time, and each support and the pressure display 14 also have their own number; finally, the pressure display 14 and the remote controller are connected in information, so that they keep the information synchronization state. The safe area refers to the idle area of the support which is not easily disturbed by external factors when the support is working, that is, it can be the idle area on both sides of the support roof beam, or the idle area on the outer surface of the support column.

[0081] ​Let each pressure sensor 13 can perceive the minimum load A, the maximum load B, the load at the time C, wherein the minimum load can be set in advance according to different mines and different roadway, and the minimum load must be less than the static load F of the roadway, that is, A < F; the maximum load must be greater than the maximum load that the support can support, that is, B >> N + n; the load at the time is the load received by the support when working, that is, C = F + Q. The accuracy of the pressure sensor 13 is set to 100kN, which can be adjusted according to different working environments. When C < N, the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 is represented by a green number (the load displayed by the pressure display 14 is determined by the maximum value of the multiple pressure sensors 13), as shown in FIG. 1, at this time, the roadway roof is only supported by the main beam 1; when N < C < N + n, the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 is represented by a yellow number, and in this load interval, the support will automatically expand a sub-beam 2 for support, as shown in FIG. 2; when N + n < C < N + 2n, the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 is represented by a red number, in this interval, the support will expand two sub-beams 2 for support, as shown in FIG. 3; when C > N + 2n, the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 is still represented by a red number, at this time, the support has reached the support limit, and the support column 5 starts to shrink. Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

[0082] The display of the support load on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 is represented by red, yellow and green colors, which has two advantages, one is that the staff can intuitively judge the support state of the support through the color, and the other is that the staff can escape from the work site in the first time without knowing the specific support load value when danger comes.

[0083] Intelligent pressure coming warning function

[0084] The realization of the intelligent pressure coming warning function is an important link to ensure the safety of the roadway intelligent hydraulic support, which makes the load change between the support and the roadway roof real-time displayed to the staff in the roadway in a more convenient and simple way, so that the staff knows the load condition of the roadway surrounding rock at all times.

[0085] The design idea of representing different load values on the pressure display 14 and the pressure display screen 15 in the intelligent pressure coming sensing function with different colors is similar, and the intelligent warning signal lamp 17 and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 are arranged on the top beam of each intelligent hydraulic support, as shown in FIG. 4. Figure 8 ​​​The color of the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 is also divided into red, yellow and green, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 are connected with the pressure sensor 13 on the support top beam, when the pressure sensor 13 transmits the sensed roadway load information to the pressure display 14 and the remote controller, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 can also receive the real-time change of the roadway load, and the changes are displayed in a more intuitive way. The specific mode is as follows.

[0086] When the support is only the main beam 1 that bears the support task, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 flashes green, indicating that the required support force of the roadway is small; when the support expands a vice beam 2 to support, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 flashes yellow, indicating that the required support force of the roadway is large, and the roadway may be affected by disturbance; when the support expands two vice beams 2 to support, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 flashes red, the stand 5 starts to shrink, indicating that the required support force of the roadway has reached the limit of the support, and the roadway is certainly affected by the pressure disturbance, at the same time, the intelligent pressure alarm 16 sends an alarm signal to warn the staff.

[0087] Ground remote control function

[0088] The ground remote control function needs to establish a remote controller on the ground to realize, the remote controller includes a hydraulic support state monitoring unit, a pressure display information memory storage unit and a hydraulic support remote control unit, and the specific mode is as follows.

[0089] The present application mainly transmits the real-time working state information of the hydraulic support in the roadway to the remote controller through the cloud and information transmission technology, so that the ground staff has a certain understanding of the support state and basic support information of the support. For example, the support posture of the support at a certain moment, whether the operation of the self-adjusting support of the support under the condition of large roof pressure is normal, whether the pressure early warning system of the support works normally, etc.

[0090] In the intelligent pressure perception function, the pressure display 14 and the remote controller are connected in information, and the purpose is to transmit the roof load information perceived by the pressure sensor 13 on the support top plate to the remote controller in real time through the pressure display 14. In the remote controller, the load information transmitted by each hydraulic support can be displayed in real time and stored for a long time. According to the information, the staff can analyze the load of the roof of each roadway and master the pressure load condition of the roof of the roadway at any time, so as to make more safe and reasonable guidance for the support work of the roadway site. For example, the roadway is affected by a periodic pressure, and the pressure display 14 transmits the real-time pressure information of the support to the remote controller. The staff can analyze the time length and pressure range of this pressure by the change of the pressure, so as to accumulate experience and data for the future support work. This is also the most important part of the ground remote control function.

[0091] In the actual support process of the intelligent hydraulic support, some unexpected situations will inevitably occur, such as roof fall, rib spalling and support obstacles caused by human factors, etc. This function is to make simple remote control of the support in the roadway on the ground by the staff when the staff cannot continue to work on the site after these situations occur, so that the situation in the roadway can be improved, and the preparation for the on-site maintenance is made in advance. It should be noted that after these unexpected situations occur, considering various factors such as safety and economic benefits, if such remote control is valuable and has results, it can be operated, if it is not valuable and has no results, it can be abandoned.

[0092] In summary, the basic idea of the present application is that firstly, the load size of the roadway surrounding rock is judged by the pressure sensor 13, and the corresponding safety support measures are taken by the main beam and the auxiliary beam of the support, so that the roadway is initially supported; if the load between the roadway and the support is too large, the initial support cannot achieve the support purpose, then the support will change the contraction of the column 5 to unload the roadway load and achieve the effect of energy absorption and displacement, and then the roadway is secondarily supported. The pressure sensor 13 can sense the load between the roadway roof and the support top beam at any time, and the load size sensed can make the support make correct support judgment, if the surrounding rock pressure of the roadway exceeds the maximum support load of the support, the support cannot safely and effectively support the roadway, and the overall danger of the roadway also increases and cannot produce safely, then the hydraulic support will warn the production workers to evacuate the working environment through pre-warning, so as to avoid accidents and casualties. In addition to the self-regulation support of the hydraulic support, the present application also establishes a remote controller on the ground, the purpose of which is to monitor the support in the roadway on the ground, so that the working state of the support in the roadway can be presented on the ground, so that the working staff can master the support information of the support and the load of the roadway at any time, so as to adjust the work plan of the roadway, in addition, the remote control room on the ground can also remotely control the hydraulic support according to different production conditions, so that the production in the roadway is safe and orderly.

[0093] Based on the intelligent hydraulic support described in the present application, the present application also provides a roadway support regulation method, comprising:

[0094] S1: acquiring the roadway load C detected by the pressure sensor 13 in real time.

[0095] S2: comparing the roadway load C with the support force of the intelligent hydraulic support, when judging C

[0096] S3: when judging N

[0097] S4: when judging N+n

[0098] S5: when judging C>N+2n, controlling the column 5 of the intelligent hydraulic support to change the contraction to unload the roadway load.

[0099] The S5 specifically comprises:

[0100] According to the roadway load C, it is determined whether the roadway is affected by periodic weighting or rock burst; when it is determined that the roadway is affected by periodic weighting, the formula controlling the contraction amount of the column 5; wherein, ΔQi is the difference between the overall load of the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam when the roadway is affected by periodic weighting, ΔQi=(F+Qi)-(N+2n); Qi is the disturbance load of the roadway on the ith day, i=1, 2, 3…a, a is the duration of the periodic weighting; F is the support force required for the roadway to maintain safe production under static load; f is the range load of the contraction length of the column 5; k is the unit length of the column 5 contraction; when it is determined that the roadway is affected by rock burst, the formula controlling the contraction amount of the column 5; wherein, Qj is the load of the roadway affected by rock burst; when F+Qj>N+2n, the difference between the overall load of the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam is ΔQj.

[0101] As a preferred embodiment, the roadway support regulation method further comprises:

[0102] When judging C<N, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 is controlled to flash green, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 is displayed by a green number; when judging N<C<N+n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 is controlled to flash yellow, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 is displayed by a yellow number; when judging N+n<C<N+2n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 is controlled to flash red, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 is displayed by a red number; when judging C>N+2n, the intelligent early warning signal lamp 17 is controlled to flash red, and the roadway load displayed on the pressure display 14 is displayed by a red number, and the intelligent pressure alarm 16 is controlled to send an alarm signal.

[0103] As a preferred embodiment, the roadway support regulation method further comprises: remotely controlling the intelligent hydraulic support through a remote controller.

[0104] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0105] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by using specific examples in this specification. The above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range can be changed. In summary, the content of the specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An intelligent hydraulic support, characterized in that, It includes: a top beam, columns, a base, and pressure sensors; The top beam includes a main beam and two auxiliary beams, both of which are set as inverted U-shaped; The two auxiliary beams are respectively arranged at the front and rear inside the main beam and are connected by moving jacks; The columns are successively divided into bottom columns, middle columns, and top columns from bottom to top and are successively included and connected; when the lower column includes the upper column, a telescopic area is preset inside the lower column; The base consists of a main base in the middle and movable bases on both sides of the main base, and the movable bases are connected to the main base through rotary pulleys and move through the rotary pulleys; The base is connected to the top beam through the columns; the columns on the main base are integrally connected to the main base, and the columns on the movable bases are integrally and movably connected to the movable bases; The pressure sensors are arranged on the top beam and are used to detect the roadway load received by the intelligent hydraulic support in real time when the intelligent hydraulic support is working; Compare the roadway load C with the supporting force of the intelligent hydraulic support. When it is judged that C < N, control the intelligent hydraulic support to be supported only by the main beam; where N is the maximum rated supporting force generated when the main beam is fully supported; When it is judged that N < C < N + n, control the intelligent hydraulic support to deploy one auxiliary beam for support; where n is the maximum supporting force that each auxiliary beam can provide; When it is judged that N + n < C < N + 2n, control the intelligent hydraulic support to deploy two auxiliary beams for support; When it is judged that C > N + 2n, control the columns of the intelligent hydraulic support to contract and change to relieve the pressure on the roadway load.

2. The intelligent hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top beam further includes a chute, and the chute is arranged on the side of the main beam. After the auxiliary beam is pushed out of the main beam by the pushing jack, the auxiliary beam moves along the chute to a position flush with the main beam.

3. The intelligent hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: intelligent warning signal lights and intelligent pressure alarms; The intelligent warning signal lights and intelligent pressure alarms are arranged on the top beam and are electrically connected to the pressure sensors, and are respectively used to display different colors and give alarms according to the roadway load detected by the pressure sensors in real time.

4. The intelligent hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a pressure display; The pressure display is arranged in the safe area of the top beam of the intelligent hydraulic support and is used to record and display the roadway load detected by each pressure sensor in real time.

5. The intelligent hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes: a remote controller; The remote controller is respectively connected to the pressure sensors and the intelligent hydraulic support and is used to remotely control the intelligent hydraulic support.

6. A method for roadway support control based on the intelligent hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes: Obtain the roadway load C received by the intelligent hydraulic support detected by the pressure sensors in real time; Compare the roadway load C with the supporting force of the intelligent hydraulic support. When it is judged that C < N, control the intelligent hydraulic support to be supported only by the main beam; where N is the maximum rated supporting force generated when the main beam is fully supported; When it is judged that N < C < N + n, control the intelligent hydraulic support to deploy one auxiliary beam for support; where n is the maximum supporting force that each auxiliary beam can provide; When it is judged that N + n < C < N + 2n, control the intelligent hydraulic support to deploy two auxiliary beams for support; When it is judged that C > N + 2n, control the columns of the intelligent hydraulic support to contract and change to relieve the pressure on the roadway load.

7. The roadway support and control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The column of the intelligent hydraulic support is controlled to contract and change to relieve the roadway load, specifically including: Determine whether the roadway is affected by periodic weighting or rock burst according to the roadway load C; When it is determined that the roadway is affected by periodic pressure, the formula is used. The amount of column contraction is controlled; where ΔQi is the difference between the overall load on the roadway and the maximum support force of the roof beam when subjected to periodic pressure, ΔQi=(F+Qi)-(N+2n); Qi is the disturbance load on the roadway on day i, i=1,2,3……a, a is the duration of periodic pressure; F is the support force required for the roadway to maintain safe production under static load conditions; f is the range load of the column contraction length; k is the unit length of column contraction. When it is determined that the roadway is affected by rock bursts, the formula is used. The shrinkage of the support column is controlled; where Qj is the load on the roadway affected by rockburst; when F+Qj>N+2n, the difference between the overall load on the roadway and the maximum supporting force of the top beam is ΔQj.

8. The roadway support and control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes: When it is judged that C < N, control the intelligent warning signal light to flash green, and display the roadway load shown on the pressure display with green numbers; When it is judged that N < C < N + n, control the intelligent warning signal light to flash yellow, and display the roadway load shown on the pressure display with yellow numbers; When it is judged that N + n < C < N + 2n, control the intelligent warning signal light to flash red, and display the roadway load shown on the pressure display with red numbers; When it is judged that C > N + 2n, control the intelligent warning signal light to flash red, display the roadway load shown on the pressure display with red numbers, and control the intelligent pressure alarm to emit an alarm signal.

9. The roadway support and control method according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes: Remotely control the intelligent hydraulic support through a remote controller.

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