Automatic clamping and positioning quick-change tooling for integral blade disks

Abstract

The present invention relates to a quick-change fixture for automatically clamping and positioning an integral blade disc, comprising a base and a plane positioning support plate for connecting the fixture to a workbench; an annular boss is provided on the plane positioning support plate for cooperating with the center hole of the integral blade disc and completing the initial positioning of the integral blade disc; a cover plate and a tapered core shaft are used to cooperate with the annular boss to ensure that the axis of the center hole of the integral blade disc coincides with the center axis of the annular boss, thereby completing the rapid center positioning of the integral blade disc; a quick clamping device is also included to achieve the clamping or release of the integral blade disc on the plane positioning support plate; an anti-rotation positioning pin is also provided on the plane positioning support plate for preventing the integral blade disc to be processed from rotating, thereby determining the processing angular direction of the integral blade disc. The present invention can quickly complete the installation and disassembly of the integral blade disc, reduce fixture positioning errors, improve positioning accuracy, and significantly improve the efficiency of the integral blade disc installation work.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of aero-engine integral blade disc processing, and in particular to a tool capable of clamping and positioning the integral blade disc. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the fan and compressor blades of new-generation aircraft engines mostly adopt an integral blisk structure. Compared with the traditional blade-to-disk assembly structure, the integral blisk eliminates structures such as tenons, grooves, and locking devices. While significantly reducing the number of parts and weight, the thin-walled and ultra-thin blade technology solves the problems of blade leading edge shock waves and tip flow separation that occur when the compressor airflow speed increases from subsonic to supersonic speeds, thereby significantly improving compressor gas flow.

[0003] As a complex, thin-walled, high-precision structural component, the blisk features ultra-thin blades, significant bending and torsion, free-form surfaces, and high precision requirements. Furthermore, the blisk's narrow and deep internal channels and complex, multi-constrained shape make its machining extremely challenging. To ensure reliability and stability during blisk machining, the blisk fixture design requires a simple structure, robustness, ease of clamping, and excellent precision retention.

[0004] Current blisk fixtures have numerous issues: Due to their complex structure, they require on-site centering on the machine tool. Clamping primarily relies on a pressure plate, which results in lengthy clamping times, difficulty eliminating positioning errors, cumbersome fixture installation procedures, and numerous manual steps during the clamping process. This reduces blisk machining efficiency and requires excessive operator experience. Currently, the time required to align a blisk on a machine tool can often exceed one to two hours. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an automatic clamping and positioning quick-change tool for the integral blade disc, which can greatly improve the clamping and alignment speed of the integral blade disc while meeting the clamping and positioning requirements of the integral blade disc, and effectively improve the positioning accuracy and installation efficiency of the integral blade disc.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a quick-change tool for automatically clamping and positioning an integral blisk, comprising a base for connecting the tool to a workbench, a flat positioning support plate provided on the base, the flat positioning support plate being a positioning plane for the lower surface of the integral blisk to be processed;

[0007] The planar positioning support plate is provided with an annular boss for cooperating with the center hole of the integral blade disk and completing the initial positioning of the integral blade disk, and further includes a cover plate, on which a conical core shaft is provided for cooperating with the annular boss, thereby ensuring that the axis of the center hole of the integral blade disk coincides with the center axis of the annular boss, thereby completing the rapid center positioning of the integral blade disk;

[0008] A quick clamping device is provided on the conical core shaft between the conical core shaft and the annular boss, pressing the integral blade disk that has completed center positioning onto the plane positioning support plate, and the quick clamping device is used to clamp or release the integral blade disk on the plane positioning support plate;

[0009] The plane positioning support plate is also provided with an anti-rotation positioning pin for preventing the integral blade disc to be processed from rotating, thereby determining the processing angular direction of the integral blade disc.

[0010] Furthermore, the quick clamping device includes a positioning pin disk mounted on the tapered mandrel, and a positioning pin is fixed on the positioning pin disk;

[0011] A positioning hole disk is provided on the plane positioning support plate, a positioning pin bushing for positioning the positioning pin is installed in the hole disk mounting groove of the positioning hole disk, a ball tray and a sealing cover are provided in the annular cavity between the hole disk mounting groove and the positioning pin bushing, so that a cavity for accommodating balls is formed between the ball tray and the sealing cover, and a ball clamping hole is provided on the positioning pin bushing in the ball accommodating cavity, and at least three ball clamping holes are opened on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing;

[0012] The cam is secured to the upper edge of the cam and is adapted to engage the guide rails of the control panel and to engage with the guide rails in order to allow the guide rails to move relative to the cams and to engage with the guide rails in the control panel.

[0013] Furthermore, the base includes a supporting motherboard and a supporting sub-board for mounting the tool on the machine tool, and the supporting sub-board is mounted on the supporting motherboard through a plurality of quick clamping devices for clamping or releasing the supporting sub-board on the supporting motherboard;

[0014] The quick clamping device includes a positioning pin disk installed on the supporting sub-plate, and a positioning pin is fixed on the positioning pin disk;

[0015] A positioning hole disk is provided on the supporting motherboard, and a positioning pin bushing for positioning the positioning pin is installed in a hole disk mounting groove of the positioning hole disk. A ball tray and a sealing cover are provided in an annular cavity between the hole disk mounting groove and the positioning pin bushing, so that a cavity for accommodating balls is formed between the ball tray and the sealing cover. A ball clamping hole is provided on the positioning pin bushing in the cavity for accommodating the balls, and at least three ball clamping holes are opened on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing.

[0016] The cam is secured to the upper and lower surfaces of the support frame and is adapted to engage with the guide rails when the guide rails are in contact with the ball bearings. The cam is secured to the upper and lower surfaces of the support frame and is adapted to engage with the guide rails when the guide rails are in contact with the ball bearings.

[0017] Furthermore, the supporting motherboard and the supporting sub-board have the same shape and are both polygonal supporting plates, and the plurality of positioning hole plates and positioning pin plates are respectively arranged at the polygonal vertices of the supporting motherboard and the supporting sub-board and / or on the central axis of the base.

[0018] Furthermore, the annular boss is a circular boss that matches the shape of the center hole of the integral blade disk. The height of the circular boss can be set to 1.5 to 2 cm. When the integral blade disk to be processed is initially positioned, the center hole of the integral blade disk is clamped on the positioning annular boss to achieve the initial center positioning of the integral blade disk.

[0019] Furthermore, the anti-rotation positioning pin is at least one positioning pin rod arranged on the planar positioning support plate. At the same time, after the integral blade disk is initially positioned, the anti-rotation positioning pin is passed through a positioning hole provided on the wheel disk surface of the integral blade disk.

[0020] Furthermore, the tapered core shaft is in a truncated cone shape, the large radius end face of the tapered core shaft is fixed on the cover plate by screws, and the quick clamping device is installed on the small radius end face of the tapered core shaft.

[0021] Furthermore, a support column for raising the clamping height of the integral blade disk is provided on the plane positioning support plate between the base and the plane positioning support plate, which limits the movement of the integral blade disk toward the base during processing and avoids collision between the spindle and the base.

[0022] Furthermore, the planar positioning support plate is a circular support plate, and at least 4-6 support columns are evenly and fixedly arranged on the circumference of the lower surface of the planar positioning support plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the diameter of the ball is 1.3 to 1.5 cm, the diameter of the ball clamping hole is 0.08 to 0.1 cm smaller than the diameter of the ball, and the inclination angle of the contact surface between the ball tray and the ball is 45 to 60 degrees, ensuring that when the ball tray rises, the steel ball is forced downward into the ball clamping hole by gravity. When the ball tray is pressed upward to the top, the lower end of the ball tray is 2 to 2.3 cm away from the lower edge of the ball clamping hole. At this time, the ball fits tightly with the ball clamping hole and the ball tray to ensure that the ball position is fixed. The thickness of the ball tray is 4 to 5 cm.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the fixture provided by the present invention uses a support plate for planar positioning, and the center positioning structure cooperates with the center hole of the integral blade disc to complete automatic centering, thereby reducing positioning errors, simplifying the positioning process, and greatly reducing the time required to install and remove the blade disc fixture during the integral blade disc processing. At the same time, a positioning pin determines the processing angular direction of the integral blade disc, thereby preventing the integral blade disc from rotating due to force during processing. The positioning pin is fixed to the circular (or approximately circular) support plate of the fixture. The fixture support plate serves as the positioning plane of the integral blade disc, supporting the integral blade disc and limiting its downward movement during processing. 4-6 support blocks are used as a connecting support structure between the fixture support plate and the quick-change fixture structure sub-plate to raise the clamping height of the integral blade disc, avoid collision between the spindle and the workbench during processing, and also reduce the overall weight of the fixture. 3-5 quick-change positioning structures are used to connect the quick-change fixture structure sub-plate to the workbench side mother plate. Pneumatic pressure is used to drive the internal steel balls of the workbench side mother plate to gather toward the center, completing the rapid clamping connection of the fixture side sub-plate positioning pin. After the integral blade disc is fixed according to the above method, a circular cover plate is used to press the upper part of the integral blade disc. The center of the cover plate is connected to the center positioning mechanism of the fixture support plate through a special positioning pin. The upper and lower connections adopt a quick-change positioning structure, and the pneumatic method is used to drive the inclined tray upward, so that the steel balls inside the center positioning structure of the support plate gather toward the center, completing the quick connection of the cover plate.

[0025] The fixture can improve the clamping efficiency, allowing processing personnel to quickly complete the installation and disassembly of the integral blade disc; reducing the positioning error of the fixture and improving the positioning accuracy can significantly improve the efficiency of the installation of the integral blade disc, reduce the manual operation steps of processing personnel, reduce the errors caused by manual operation, increase the speed of replacing the integral blade disc during processing, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and thus greatly improve the processing efficiency of the integral blade disc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is an isometric view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a front view of the blisk fixture in the structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the center positioning clamping of the integral blade disk in the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 is an isometric view of the blisk in the structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base from a top view of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the quick clamping device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cross-section structure of the quick clamping device in the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the quick clamping device in the structure of the present invention when clamping.

[0035] In the figure: 1-integral blade disk; 11-positioning hole; 2-quick clamping device; 21-positioning pin disk; 211-positioning pin; 212-slot; 22-positioning hole disk; 23-hole disk mounting slot; 24-positioning pin bushing; 25-ball; 26-ball clamping hole; 27-ball tray; 28-sealing cover; 29-intake channel; 3-anti-rotation positioning pin; 4-flat positioning support plate; 5-support column; 6-base; 61-support mother plate; 62-support sub-plate; 7-annular boss; 8-screw; 9-cover plate; 10-tapered core shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following specific implementation methods:

[0038] Example 1: Figure 1-9 As shown, a quick-change fixture for automatic clamping and positioning of an integral blisk includes a base 6 for connecting the fixture to a workbench, a flat positioning support plate 4 is provided on the base 6, and the flat positioning support plate 4 is a positioning plane for the lower surface of the integral blisk 1 to be processed;

[0039] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, an annular boss 7 is provided on the plane positioning support plate 4 for cooperating with the center hole of the integral blade disk 1 and completing the initial positioning of the integral blade disk 1. It also includes a cover plate 9, and a conical core shaft 10 is provided on the cover plate 9 for cooperating with the annular boss 7, thereby ensuring that the axis of the center hole of the integral blade disk 1 coincides with the center axis of the annular boss 7, completing the rapid center positioning of the integral blade disk 1; the annular boss 7 is a circular protrusion that matches the shape of the center hole of the integral blade disk 1, and the height of the circular protrusion can be set to 1.5 to 2 cm. When the integral blade disk 1 to be processed is initially positioned, the center hole of the integral blade disk 1 is clamped on the annular boss 7 to achieve automatic centering of the integral blade disk 1.

[0040] like Figure 7 As shown, a quick clamping device 2 is provided on the conical core shaft 10 between the conical core shaft 10 and the annular boss 7, and the integral blade disk 1 that is initially positioned and pressed on the plane positioning support plate 4 is clamped or released on the plane positioning support plate 4 by the quick clamping device 2;

[0041] Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The quick clamping device 2 shown includes a positioning pin disc 21 mounted on the tapered core shaft 10, and a positioning pin 211 is fixed on the positioning pin disc 21;

[0042] A positioning hole disc 22 is provided on the plane positioning support plate 4. A positioning pin bushing 24 for positioning the positioning pin 211 is installed in a hole disc mounting groove 23 of the positioning hole disc 22. A ball tray 27 and a sealing cover 28 are provided in an annular cavity between the hole disc mounting groove 23 and the positioning pin bushing 24. A cavity for accommodating a ball 25 is formed between the ball tray 27 and the sealing cover 28. A ball clamping hole 26 is provided on the positioning pin bushing 24 in the cavity for accommodating the ball 25. At least three ball clamping holes 26 are provided on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing 24.

[0043] The air inlet channel 29 is also included. The inlet of the air inlet channel 29 is set on the plane positioning support plate 4. The outlet end of the air inlet channel 29 is set on the hole plate mounting groove 23 below the ball tray 27 and is connected to the cavity accommodating the ball 25, so that the gas entering the cavity accommodating the ball 25 can push the ball tray 27 to move toward the side of the ball 25; the ball tray 27 is inclined to the side of the positioning pin bushing 24 that contacts the ball 25, so that when the ball tray 27 pushes the ball 25, the ball 25 is pushed. The balls 25 are gathered toward the center and pushed into the ball clamping holes 26, so that a portion of the balls 25 extends out of the ball clamping holes 26 and is just clamped in the corresponding clamping grooves 212 on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning pin 211, thereby achieving the clamping between the conical core shaft 10 and the planar positioning support plate 4; at the same time, the gas in the cavity is extracted through the air inlet channel 29, so that the ball tray 27 moves away from the side of the balls 25, thereby releasing the clamping of the balls 25 on the positioning pin 211, thereby achieving the release between the conical core shaft 10 and the planar positioning support plate 4.

[0044] The diameter of the ball 25 is 1.3 to 1.5 cm, the diameter of the ball clamping hole 26 is 0.08 to 0.1 cm smaller than the diameter of the ball 25, and the inclination angle of the contact surface between the ball tray 27 and the ball 25 is 45 to 60 degrees, ensuring that when the ball tray 27 rises, the steel ball is forced downward into the ball clamping hole by gravity. When the ball tray 27 is pressed upward to the top, the lower end of the ball tray 27 is 2 to 2.3 cm away from the lower edge of the ball clamping hole 26. At this time, the ball 25 is tightly fitted with the ball clamping hole 26 and the ball tray 27 to ensure that the ball position is fixed. The thickness of the ball tray 27 is 4 to 5 cm.

[0045] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the planar positioning support plate 4 is also provided with an anti-rotation positioning pin 3 for preventing the blisk 1 to be processed from rotating about its center hole, thereby determining the angular direction of the blisk during machining. The anti-rotation positioning pin 3 is at least one positioning rod provided on the planar positioning support plate 4. After the blisk 1 is initially positioned, the anti-rotation positioning pin 3 is inserted into a positioning hole 11 provided on the wheel surface of the blisk 1.

[0046] The tapered core shaft 10 is in a truncated cone shape, and the large radius end face of the tapered core shaft 10 is fixed on the cover plate 9 by screws 8 , and the quick clamping device 2 is installed on the small radius end face of the tapered core shaft 10 .

[0047] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6As shown, the base 6 includes a supporting motherboard 61 and a supporting sub-board 62 for mounting the tool on the machine tool. The supporting sub-board 62 is mounted on the supporting motherboard 61 through a plurality of quick clamping devices 2, which are used to clamp or release the supporting sub-board 62 on the supporting motherboard 61.

[0048] like Figure 8 、 Figure 9 The quick clamping device 2 shown includes a positioning pin plate 21 mounted on the supporting sub-plate 62, and a positioning pin 211 is fixed on the positioning pin plate 21;

[0049] A positioning hole plate 22 is provided on the support motherboard 61. A positioning pin bushing 24 for positioning the positioning pin 211 is installed in a hole plate mounting groove 23 of the positioning hole plate 22. A ball tray 27 and a sealing cover 28 are provided in the annular cavity between the hole plate mounting groove 23 and the positioning pin bushing 24, so that a cavity for accommodating balls 25 is formed between the ball tray 27 and the sealing cover 28. Ball retaining holes 26 are provided on the positioning pin bushing 24 in the cavity for accommodating balls 25, and at least three ball retaining holes 26 are provided on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing 24.

[0050] It also includes an air intake channel 29, the inlet of which is arranged on the plane positioning support plate 4, and the outlet end of the air intake channel 29 is arranged on the hole plate mounting groove 23 below the ball tray 27, and is connected to the cavity accommodating the ball 25, so that the gas entering the cavity can push the ball tray 27 to move toward the side of the ball 25; the ball tray 27 is inclined on the side of the positioning pin bushing 24 that contacts the ball 25, so that when the ball tray 27 pushes the ball 25, the ball 25 is pushed. 5 gathers toward the center and pushes the ball 25 into the ball clamping hole 26, so that a part of the ball 25 extends out of the ball clamping hole 26 and is just clamped in the corresponding clamping groove 212 on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning pin 211, thereby achieving the clamping between the support motherboard 61 and the support sub-plate 62; at the same time, the gas in the cavity is extracted through the air inlet channel 29, so that the ball tray 27 moves away from the side of the ball 25, thereby releasing the clamping of the ball 25 on the positioning pin 211, and achieving the release between the support motherboard 61 and the support sub-plate 62.

[0051] The diameter of the ball 25 is 1.3 to 1.5 cm, the diameter of the ball clamping hole 26 is 0.08 to 0.1 cm smaller than the diameter of the ball 25, and the inclination angle of the contact surface between the ball tray 27 and the ball 25 is 45 to 60 degrees, ensuring that when the ball tray 27 rises, the steel ball is forced downward into the ball clamping hole by gravity. When the ball tray 27 is pressed upward to the top, the lower end of the ball tray 27 is 2 to 2.3 cm away from the lower edge of the ball clamping hole 26. At this time, the ball 25 is tightly fitted with the ball clamping hole 26 and the ball tray 27 to ensure that the ball position is fixed. The thickness of the ball tray 27 is 4 to 5 cm.

[0052] The supporting motherboard 61 and the supporting sub-board 62 have the same shape and are both polygonal supporting plates. The multiple positioning hole plates 22 and positioning pin plates 21 are respectively arranged at the polygonal vertices of the supporting motherboard 61 and the supporting sub-board 62 or / and on the central axis of the base 6.

[0053] Support columns 5 are provided on the planar positioning support plate 4 between the base 6 and the planar positioning support plate 4 to raise the clamping height of the blisk 1. This restricts the movement of the blisk 1 toward the base 6 during machining, thus preventing collision between the spindle and the base 6. The planar positioning support plate 4 is a circular support plate, with at least four to six support columns 5 evenly and fixedly arranged around the circumference of the planar positioning support plate 4.

[0054] Before using the fixture, first connect the planar positioning support plate 4 and the support sub-plate 62 together via the support column 5. Then connect the air pump to the planar positioning support plate 4 and the air inlet channel 29 on the support mother plate 61. During use, the support sub-plate 62 is mounted on the support mother plate 61 on the machine tool worktable via the quick-release clamping device 2. The blisk 1 is initially positioned on the support plate 4 via the annular boss 7. The anti-rotation locating pin 3 is then used through the positioning hole of the blisk 1 to achieve angular positioning. Then, the cover plate 9 is installed, and the tapered mandrel 10 is connected and locked to the planar positioning support plate 4 via the quick-release clamping device. This achieves precise positioning of the inner diameter center of the blisk 1 and eliminates errors in the initial positioning.

[0055] When replacing a blisk 1, turn off the air pump and install another blisk in the same manner on the flat positioning support plate 4. Then, use the air pump to tighten the quick-clamping device 2, enabling convenient replacement of the blisk during processing. After the work is completed, the quick-clamping device 2 between the support motherboard 61 and the support sub-plate 62 is released, facilitating the retraction and extension of the support sub-plate 62 and the flat positioning support plate 4. This also facilitates the connection of the support sub-plate 62 to the support motherboard 61 located at a different position, facilitating processing.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quick-change fixture for automatic clamping and positioning of an integral blade disk, characterized in that: It comprises a base (6) for realizing the connection between the tooling and the workbench, a plane positioning support plate (4) is provided on the base (6), and the plane positioning support plate (4) is a positioning plane of the lower surface of the integral blade disk (1) to be processed; The plane positioning support plate (4) is provided with an annular boss (7) for cooperating with the center hole of the integral blade disk (1) and completing the initial positioning of the integral blade disk (1), and also includes a cover plate (9). The cover plate (9) is provided with a conical core shaft (10) for cooperating with the annular boss (7), thereby ensuring that the axis of the center hole of the integral blade disk (1) coincides with the center axis of the annular boss (7), completing the rapid center positioning of the integral blade disk (1); A quick clamping device (2) is provided on the conical core shaft (10), and the integral blade disk (1) that has completed center positioning is pressed onto the plane positioning support plate (4), and the quick clamping device (2) is used to clamp or release the integral blade disk (1) on the plane positioning support plate (4); An anti-rotation positioning pin (3) is also provided on the plane positioning support plate (4) for preventing the integral blade disc (1) to be processed from rotating, thereby determining the processing angular direction of the integral blade disc; The quick clamping device (2) comprises a positioning pin disc (21) mounted on the tapered core shaft (10), and a positioning pin (211) is fixed on the positioning pin disc (21); A positioning hole disk (22) is provided on the plane positioning support plate (4), and a positioning pin bushing (24) for positioning the positioning pin (211) is installed in a hole disk mounting groove (23) provided in the positioning hole disk (22). A ball tray (27) and a sealing cover (28) are provided in an annular cavity between the hole disk mounting groove (23) and the positioning pin bushing (24), so that a cavity for accommodating the ball (25) is formed between the ball tray (27) and the sealing cover (28). A ball clamping hole (26) is provided on the positioning pin bushing (24) in the cavity for accommodating the ball (25), and at least three ball clamping holes (26) are provided on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing (24); The invention also includes an air inlet channel (29), the inlet of the air inlet channel (29) is arranged on the plane positioning support plate (4), and the outlet end of the air inlet channel (29) is arranged on the hole plate mounting groove (23) below the ball tray (27) and is connected to the cavity for accommodating the ball (25), so that the gas entering the cavity for accommodating the ball (25) can push the ball tray (27) to move toward the side of the ball (25); the ball tray (27) is inclined to the side facing the positioning pin bushing (24) where it contacts the ball (25), so that when the ball tray (27) pushes the ball (25), the ball (25) can move toward the side of the positioning pin bushing (24). ) gather toward the center and push the ball (25) into the ball clamping hole (26), so that a part of the ball (25) extends out of the ball clamping hole (26) and is just clamped in the corresponding clamping groove (212) opened on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning pin (211), thereby achieving the clamping between the conical core shaft (10) and the plane positioning support plate (4); at the same time, the gas in the cavity is extracted through the air inlet channel (29), so that the ball tray (27) moves away from the side of the ball (25), thereby releasing the clamping of the ball (25) on the positioning pin (211), thereby achieving the release between the conical core shaft (10) and the plane positioning support plate (4).

2. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base (6) comprises a supporting motherboard (61) and a supporting sub-board (62) for mounting the tool on a machine tool, wherein the supporting sub-board (62) is mounted on the supporting motherboard (61) via a plurality of quick clamping devices (2) for clamping or releasing the supporting sub-board (62) on the supporting motherboard (61); The quick clamping device (2) comprises a positioning pin disc (21) mounted on the supporting sub-plate (62), and a positioning pin (211) is fixed on the positioning pin disc (21); A positioning hole disk (22) is provided on the supporting motherboard (61), and a positioning pin bushing (24) for positioning the positioning pin (211) is installed in a hole disk mounting groove (23) of the positioning hole disk (22), and a ball tray (27) and a sealing cover (28) are provided in an annular cavity between the hole disk mounting groove (23) and the positioning pin bushing (24), so that a cavity for accommodating the ball (25) is formed between the ball tray (27) and the sealing cover (28), and a ball clamping hole (26) is provided on the positioning pin bushing (24) in the cavity for accommodating the ball (25), and at least three ball clamping holes (26) are opened on the same plane in the circumferential direction of the positioning pin bushing (24); The invention also includes an air inlet channel (29), the inlet of the air inlet channel (29) is arranged on the plane positioning support plate (4), and the outlet end of the air inlet channel (29) is arranged on the hole plate mounting groove (23) below the ball tray (27) and is connected to the cavity for accommodating the ball (25), so that the gas entering the cavity can push the ball tray (27) to move toward the side of the ball (25); the ball tray (27) is inclined to the side facing the positioning pin bushing (24) in contact with the ball (25), so that when the ball tray (27) pushes the ball (25), the ball (25) can move toward the side of the positioning pin bushing (24). ) gather toward the center and push the ball (25) into the ball clamping hole (26), so that a part of the ball (25) extends out of the ball clamping hole (26) and is just clamped in the corresponding clamping groove (212) opened on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning pin (211), thereby achieving the clamping between the support motherboard (61) and the support sub-board (62); at the same time, the gas in the cavity is extracted through the air inlet channel (29), so that the ball tray (27) moves away from the side of the ball (25), thereby releasing the clamping of the ball (25) on the positioning pin (211), thereby achieving the release between the support motherboard (61) and the support sub-board (62).

3. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: The supporting motherboard (61) and the supporting sub-board (62) have the same shape and are both polygonal supporting plates. The plurality of positioning hole plates (22) and positioning pin plates (21) are respectively arranged at the polygonal vertices of the supporting motherboard (61) and the supporting sub-board (62) or / and on the central axis of the base (6).

4. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The annular boss (7) is a circular boss that matches the shape of the center hole of the integral blade disk (1). The height of the circular boss can be set to 1.5-2 cm. When the integral blade disk (1) to be processed is initially positioned, the center hole of the integral blade disk (1) is clamped on the annular boss (7), thereby achieving the initial center positioning of the integral blade disk (1).

5. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The anti-rotation positioning pin (3) is at least one positioning pin rod provided on the planar positioning support plate (4). At the same time, after the integral blade disk (1) is initially positioned, the anti-rotation positioning pin (3) is passed through a positioning hole (11) provided on the wheel disk surface of the integral blade disk (1).

6. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical core shaft (10) is in the shape of a truncated cone. The large radius end face of the conical core shaft (10) is fixed on the cover plate (9) by means of screws (8). The quick clamping device (2) is mounted on the small radius end face of the conical core shaft (10).

7. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for an integral blade disk according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A support column (5) for raising the clamping height of the integral blade disc (1) is provided on the plane positioning support plate (4) between the base (6) and the plane positioning support plate (4), thereby limiting the movement of the integral blade disc (1) toward the base (6) during the processing and avoiding collision between the main shaft and the base (6).

8. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for the blisk according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plane positioning support plate (4) is a circular support plate, and 4-6 support columns (5) are evenly and fixedly arranged on the circumference of the lower surface of the plane positioning support plate (4).

9. The automatic clamping and positioning quick-change fixture for an integral blade disk according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the ball (25) is 1.3~1.5cm, the diameter of the ball clamping hole (26) is 0.08~0.1cm smaller than the diameter of the ball (25), and the inclination angle of the contact surface between the ball tray (27) and the ball (25) is 45~60°, ensuring that when the ball tray (27) rises, the steel ball enters the ball clamping hole downward under the action of gravity. When the ball tray (27) is pressed upward to the top, the lower end of the ball tray (27) is 2~2.3cm away from the lower edge of the ball clamping hole (26). At this time, the ball (25) is tightly matched with the ball clamping hole (26) and the ball tray (27), ensuring that the position of the ball is fixed. The thickness of the ball tray (27) is 4~5cm.

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