An electrostatic precipitator hopper gasification system

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of electric dust precipitator ash bucket gasification systems, belong to pneumatic ash conveying technical field;Including hot primary air branch, gasification fan branch and branch pipe, branch pipe one end and hot primary air branch communication, the other end and gasification fan branch communication, hot primary air branch and gasification fan branch rear end communication after passing through ash bucket gasification wind main pipe and electric dust precipitator ash bucket communication, gasification wind box is set in electric dust precipitator ash bucket outer wall, ash bucket gasification wind main pipe end and gasification wind box communication, gasification spout is set in gasification wind box inside, gasification spout is swung by joint bearing, gasification spout is adjusted and fixed its swing angle by adjusting assembly, according to the ash material condition inside electric dust precipitator ash bucket, change the swing angle of gasification spout;System can provide temperature high, large, pressure big ash bucket gasification wind, ensure that ash bucket ash conveying smoothly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system, belonging to the field of pneumatic ash conveying technology. Background Technology

[0002] Electrostatic precipitators in thermal power plants are devices that separate and collect dust from flue gas using electrostatic force. The dust is then transported to the ash silo using a pneumatic conveying system, thus removing the dust. To prevent fly ash from caking and causing blockages at the ash discharge port and hindering ash conveying, the pneumatic conveying system is often equipped with an ash hopper aeration fan and heater to keep the fly ash in the ash hopper dry and loose, preventing caking.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN214468721U discloses a gasification air supply system for an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper, including a gasification blower. The inlet of the gasification blower is connected to the flue gas outlet of a coal-fired boiler via a flue gas duct with a filter screen, and the outlet is connected to the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper. The flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected to an inlet pipe, which is connected to a filter screen one and a filter screen two in parallel. The flue gas ducts from the outlets of the filter screens one and two are combined and connected to the gasification blower. The gasification blower combines the pressurized flue gas and connects it to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper via an outlet pipe, a gasification blower outlet pneumatic valve, and an ash hopper gasification air duct. This invention can match the gasification air supply temperature with the ash temperature in the ash hopper, reducing the disturbance caused by equipment malfunctions to the operation of the electrostatic precipitator, avoiding instability problems such as abnormal tripping caused by long-term operation of electric heating, and also has good economic efficiency.

[0004] In the aforementioned technology, the inlet of the gasification blower is connected to the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler through a flue gas duct with a filter screen. The outlet is connected to the bottom of the ash hopper of the electrostatic precipitator. This means that the flue gas from the tail end of the boiler is used as the gas source, which carries a large amount of dust and easily causes filter screen blockage. Furthermore, the gasification blower is relatively small in size and has low overall air volume and pressure. Especially after being divided into multiple branches, the gasification effect on each ash hopper is very limited. In addition, as an important component of the electrostatic precipitator, the ash hopper can collect and store dust for a short period of time. It often experiences ash blockage or ash accumulation, resulting in poor ash conveying and reduced dust removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides an electrostatic precipitator hopper gasification system that can provide high-temperature, high-volume, and high-pressure hopper gasification air. The oscillating component can adjust its working mode and change the angle of the gasification nozzle according to the material level inside the hopper to ensure smooth ash conveying in the hopper.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system includes: a hot primary air branch, the hot primary air branch including an air preheater and a hot primary air branch pipe, the hot primary air branch pipe being led out from the hot primary air main pipe of the air preheater, and an electric baffle A, a filter screen and an electric baffle B being sequentially arranged on the hot primary air branch pipe, the front end and the rear end of the filter screen being connected to pressure measuring point A and pressure measuring point B respectively through pipes;

[0008] The gasification fan branch includes a gasification fan branch pipe, on which an electric baffle E, a ash hopper gasification fan, an electric heater and an electric baffle D are sequentially installed; the rear end of the gasification fan branch is connected to the rear end of the hot primary air branch and then connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper through the ash hopper gasification fan main pipe.

[0009] A branch pipe, one end of which is connected to a hot primary air branch pipe and located between an electric baffle B and a pressure measuring point B; the other end of which is connected to a gasification fan branch pipe and located between an electric baffle E and a ash hopper gasification fan; an electric baffle C is installed on the branch pipe.

[0010] The oscillating assembly includes a gasification air box and a gasification nozzle. The gasification air box is installed on the outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper, and the end of the ash hopper gasification air header is connected to the gasification air box. The gasification nozzle is located inside the gasification air box, and its end extends through the gasification air box into the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper. The gasification nozzle oscillates through a joint bearing, and its oscillation angle is adjusted and fixed by an adjustment assembly.

[0011] The adjustment assembly includes a cylinder, a drive linkage assembly, and a driven linkage; the drive linkage assembly is arranged around the electrostatic precipitator hopper, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the drive linkage assembly; one end of the driven linkage is connected to the drive linkage assembly, and the other end passes through the gasification air box and is connected to a pin on the gasification nozzle.

[0012] The drive linkage assembly consists of four hinged rods forming a parallelogram structure with a variable shape. Each rod is fitted with a sleeve and fixed with screws. The driven linkage is connected to the rod through the sleeve.

[0013] The outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper is symmetrically provided with four sets of swing components. The ash hopper gasification air main pipe branches out into four branches, which are connected to the four gasification air boxes one by one. The four sets of swing components are installed with the four connecting rods one by one.

[0014] There are four driven links.

[0015] The driven connecting rod is provided with a sealing structure where it passes through the gasification air box.

[0016] The spherical bearing is mounted on the shell of the electrostatic precipitator hopper, and the gasification nozzle is connected to the electrostatic precipitator hopper through the spherical bearing.

[0017] The gasification nozzle is inclined downwards at the nozzle opening.

[0018] The filter screen is provided in two parts, and the two filters are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the air preheater.

[0019] The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper transports dust to the ash silo via a pneumatic ash conveying pipe.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention provides an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system. The hot primary air header at the outlet of the air preheater serves as the ash hopper gasification air source and features high temperature (the temperature of the hot primary air can reach 350°C, and the temperature of the fly ash in the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper is about 150°C), large flow rate, and high pressure (about 10 kPa), which can ensure a good ash hopper fly ash fluidization effect.

[0022] 2. The present invention provides an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system, which is equipped with two filters, one for backup and one for use; and retains the original design of ash hopper gasification fan and electric heater, which can be switched when a certain component in the system is working, so as to ensure that the operation of the entire system is not affected.

[0023] 3. The present invention provides an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system, which uses adjustment components and joint bearings to make the gasification nozzle swing. The operator can adjust the swing angle of the gasification nozzle according to the ash material in the ash hopper of the electrostatic precipitator to ensure smooth ash conveying in the ash hopper. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper in an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system according to the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a top view of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper in an electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system according to the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0028] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows:

[0029] 1. Air preheater; 2. Hot primary air branch pipe; 3. Electric baffle A; 4. Electric baffle B; 5. Electric baffle C; 6. Electric baffle D; 7. Electric baffle E; 8. Filter screen; 9. Ash hopper gasification air main pipe; 10. Electrostatic precipitator ash hopper; 11. Gasification air box; 12. Gasification nozzle; 13. Pressure measuring point A; 14. Pressure measuring point B; 15. Ash hopper gasification fan; 16. Electric heater; 17. Pneumatic ash conveying pipe; 18. Branch pipe; 19. Spherical bearing; 20. Cylinder; 21. Drive linkage assembly; 22. Driven linkage; 23. Connecting rod; 24. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] See Figures 1-4 An electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system includes a hot primary air branch, which comprises an air preheater 1 and a hot primary air branch pipe 2. The hot primary air branch pipe 2 is led out from the hot primary air main pipe of the air preheater 1. An electric baffle A3, a filter screen 8, and an electric baffle B4 are sequentially installed on the hot primary air branch pipe 2. Pressure measuring points A13 and B14 are connected to the front and rear ends of the filter screen 8 via pipes, respectively. The filter screen 8 serves to filter fly ash. Two filters 8 are provided, connected in parallel and then in series with the air preheater 1. Two filters 8 are provided, one for standby and one for use. The status of the hot primary air and the filter screen 8 in the system is detected by setting pressure measuring points before and after the filter screen 8.

[0032] When the pressure at pressure measuring point A13 is abnormal, it indicates that the primary air pressure is insufficient and the output of the primary air fan should be increased.

[0033] When the differential pressure between pressure measuring point A13 and pressure measuring point B14 is abnormal, it indicates that the working filter 8 has accumulated too much dust. The standby filter 8 should be switched on and the maintenance personnel should replace the working filter 8.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the gasification fan branch includes a gasification fan branch pipe, on which an electric baffle E7, a ash hopper gasification fan 15, an electric heater 16, and an electric baffle D6 are sequentially installed. The rear end of the gasification fan branch is connected to the rear end of the hot primary air branch and then connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 through the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9. Branch pipe 18 has one end connected to the hot primary air branch pipe 2, located between the electric baffle B4 and the pressure measuring point B14; the other end of branch pipe 18 is connected to the gasification fan branch pipe, located between the electric baffle E7 and the ash hopper gasification fan 15; an electric baffle C5 is installed on branch pipe 18.

[0035] If the pressure at pressure measuring point A13 is abnormal, and the output of the primary air fan is increased but the primary air output still cannot meet the gasification air requirements of the ash hopper, the pipeline can be switched to the ash hopper gasification fan 15. After being pressurized again through the gasification fan branch, it can be connected to the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9 and then enter the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 through the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9.

[0036] When the primary air system fails completely and the hot primary air branch cannot operate, it can work through the gasification fan branch. That is, it enters the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9 through the route of ash hopper gasification fan 15 and electric heater 16, and enters the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 through the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9. After the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 completes its work, it transports the fly ash to the ash silo through the pneumatic ash conveying pipe 17.

[0037] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, four sets of swing components are symmetrically arranged on the outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator hopper 10. The hopper's gasification air main pipe 9 branches into four branches, each connected to one of the four gasification air boxes 11. Each swing component includes a gasification air box 11 and a gasification nozzle 12. The gasification air box 11 is installed on the outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator hopper 10, and the end of the hopper's gasification air main pipe 9 is connected to the gasification air box 11. The gasification nozzle 12 is located inside the gasification air box 11, with its end extending through the gasification air box 11 into the electrostatic precipitator hopper 10. The nozzle of the gasification nozzle 12 is inclined downwards, and swinging is achieved through a joint bearing 19. The swing angle is adjusted and fixed by adjusting the components. The swing angle of the gasification nozzle 12 is switched according to the material level inside the electrostatic precipitator hopper 10.

[0038] When the material level inside the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 is high, that is, when there is a lot of ash inside, the gasification nozzle 12 can swing into a counter-attacking shape to enhance the turbulent gasification effect, so that the ash can be quickly transported away.

[0039] The electrostatic precipitator hopper 10 is purged by the oscillating operation of the gasification nozzle 12 to clean any possible caking at the corners.

[0040] When the material level inside the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 is low, the aeration nozzles 12 can swing into a tangential circle. The aeration air from each aeration nozzle 12 forms a certain vortex airflow inside the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10, which enhances the ash accumulation effect of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10.

[0041] The adjustment assembly includes a cylinder 20, a drive linkage assembly 21, and a driven linkage 22. The cylinder 20 is fixedly connected to the drive linkage assembly 21. One end of the driven linkage 22 is connected to the drive linkage assembly 21, and the other end passes through the aeration air box 11 and is connected to a pin on the aeration nozzle 12. A spherical bearing 19 is installed on the shell of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10. A sealing structure is provided at the point where the driven linkage 22 passes through the aeration air box 11 to prevent leakage of aeration air and hinder the ash conveying effect of the device. The aeration nozzle 12 is connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 through the spherical bearing 19, and the aeration nozzle 12 swings within a certain angle range through the spherical bearing 19. When the cylinder 20 is working, the drive linkage assembly 21 drives the driven linkage 22 to move. Since the driven linkage 22 is connected to the aeration nozzle 12, it drives the aeration nozzle 12 to swing.

[0042] The vaporization nozzle 12 is provided with a protruding circular pin, and the driven connecting rod 22 is provided with an elongated elliptical hole. When the driven connecting rod 22 moves, the elongated elliptical hole moves, and the circular pin moves accordingly, ultimately causing the vaporization nozzle 12 to rotate as a whole.

[0043] The drive linkage assembly 21 is a parallelogram structure with a changeable shape, consisting of four connecting rods 23 hinged at the ends. The shape of the drive linkage assembly 21 can be adjusted by the extension and retraction of the cylinder 20, thereby simultaneously adjusting the orientation of the four driven connecting rods 22. It can then cooperate with the spherical bearing 19 to adjust the left and right angle of the atomizing nozzle 12 on the horizontal plane.

[0044] Furthermore, each connecting rod 23 is fitted with a sleeve 24 and fixed with screws. The driven connecting rod 22 is connected to the connecting rod 23 through the sleeve 24. Adjusting the rotation of the sleeve 24 drives the driven connecting rod 22 to rotate, changing the vertical angle of the driven connecting rod 22. Then, in cooperation with the spherical bearing 19, the vertical angle at the nozzle of the gasification nozzle 12 is changed. After adjusting to a suitable angle, the position of the sleeve 24 is fixed with screws.

[0045] Working principle of the invention:

[0046] (1) During normal operation, electric baffles A3 and B4 are open, electric baffles C5, D6 and E7 are closed, the hot primary air branch of the system is working, two filters 8 are set, one for standby and one for use, and the ash hopper gasification blower 15 and electric heater 16 are in standby status.

[0047] (2) When the output of the primary air fan is limited or both filters 8 are severely clogged, resulting in low air pressure in the hot primary air branch pipe, electric baffles A3, C5 and D6 are opened, and electric baffles B4 and E7 are closed; the gasification air can pass through electric baffle C5 to the inlet of the ash hopper gasification fan 15; after being pressurized again by the ash hopper gasification fan 15, it passes through electric baffle D6 and enters the ash hopper gasification air main pipe 9, and finally enters the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10.

[0048] (3) When the hot primary air branch is malfunctioning, electric dampers A3, B4 and C5 are closed, and electric dampers D6 and E7 are opened. Atmospheric air is injected into the gasification fan branch, and the gasification fan branch starts to work. That is, the ash hopper gasification fan 15 and electric heater 16 start to work, ensuring that the system works normally.

[0049] (4) According to the material level inside the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10, change the working mode of the gasification nozzle 12; when the material level is high, swing the gasification nozzle 12 in a counter-current shape so that the ash can be conveyed quickly; when the material level is low, swing the gasification nozzle 12 in a tangential shape so that the gasification air forms a vortex airflow in the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10 to enhance the ash accumulation effect of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper 10.

[0050] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasification system for an electrostatic precipitator hopper, characterized in that, include: The hot primary air branch includes an air preheater (1) and a hot primary air branch pipe (2). The hot primary air branch pipe (2) is led out from the hot primary air main pipe of the air preheater (1). The hot primary air branch pipe (2) is provided with an electric baffle A (3), a filter screen (8) and an electric baffle B (4) in sequence. The front end and rear end of the filter screen (8) are respectively connected to pressure measuring point A (13) and pressure measuring point B (14) through pipes. The gasification fan branch includes a gasification fan branch pipe, on which an electric baffle E (7), a ash hopper gasification fan (15), an electric heater (16) and an electric baffle D (6) are sequentially installed; the rear end of the gasification fan branch is connected to the rear end of the hot primary air branch and then connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10) through the ash hopper gasification fan main pipe (9); Branch pipe (18), one end of which is connected to the hot primary air branch pipe (2) and located between the electric baffle B (4) and the pressure measuring point B (14); the other end of the branch pipe (18) is connected to the gasification fan branch pipe and located between the electric baffle E (7) and the ash hopper gasification fan (15); an electric baffle C (5) is installed on the branch pipe (18); The oscillating assembly includes an aeration air box (11) and an aeration nozzle (12). The aeration air box (11) is installed on the outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10), and the end of the ash hopper aeration air header (9) is connected to the aeration air box (11). The aeration nozzle (12) is located inside the aeration air box (11), and its end extends through the aeration air box (11) into the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10). The aeration nozzle (12) oscillates through a joint bearing (19), and its oscillation angle is adjusted and fixed by an adjustment assembly. The joint bearing (19) is installed on the shell of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10), and the aeration nozzle (12) is connected to the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10) through the joint bearing (19). The nozzle of the aeration nozzle (12) is inclined. The adjustment assembly is set downwards; the adjustment assembly includes a cylinder (20), a drive linkage assembly (21) and a driven linkage (22); the drive linkage assembly (21) is set around the electrostatic precipitator hopper (10), and the cylinder (20) is fixedly connected to the drive linkage assembly (21); one end of the driven linkage (22) is connected to the drive linkage assembly (21), and the other end passes through the gasification air box (11) and is connected to the pin on the gasification nozzle (12); the drive linkage assembly (21) is a parallelogram structure with a changeable shape composed of four connecting rods (23) with their ends hinged together, each connecting rod (23) is fitted with a sleeve (24) and fixed by screws, and the driven linkage (22) is connected to the connecting rod (23) through the sleeve (24).

2. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10) is symmetrically provided with four sets of swing components. The ash hopper gasification air main pipe (9) branches out into four branches and connects to the four gasification air boxes (11) one by one. The four sets of swing components are installed one by one with the four connecting rods (23).

3. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The driven link (22) is provided in four parts.

4. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing structure is provided where the driven link (22) passes through the gasification box (11).

5. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Two filters (8) are provided, and the two filters (8) are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the air preheater (1).

6. The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper gasification system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The electrostatic precipitator ash hopper (10) transports the dust to the ash silo via a pneumatic ash conveying pipe (17).

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