A tunnel construction apparatus

Abstract

A tunnel construction equipment, including base, cab, support block, lifting frame, support leg, support plate, power mechanism, hinge seat, hydraulic drive mechanism, first arm, second arm, drilling equipment, gouging equipment; the cab is provided above the base, the lower part of the base is provided with wheels, the side is provided with the support leg, the front end of the base is provided with a support block, the support block is provided with the lifting frame, the lifting frame is provided with a sliding rail, the support plate can move up and down along the sliding rail, the power mechanism is arranged at the front of the base, and the power mechanism can drive the support plate to move up and down.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel management, in particular to a tunnel construction equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] A tunnel is an engineering structure, which can be divided into traffic tunnels, water tunnels, municipal tunnels, mine tunnels and military tunnels. The structure of a tunnel includes a main building and auxiliary equipment. The main building is composed of a tunnel body and a tunnel portal, and the auxiliary equipment includes a vehicle escape hole, fire-fighting facilities, emergency communication and drainage facilities, and long tunnels have special ventilation and lighting equipment. Tunnel construction and maintenance are realized by a tunnel construction vehicle. The tunnel construction vehicle is loaded with various tools, such as a drilling machine, a chipping machine and a cutting machine. The chipping machine is a tool similar to an axe that processes the completed main structure surface to make the construction surfaces of two construction stages firmly bonded. Generally, the chipping machine is applied in cast-in-place concrete structures. After the cast-in-place slab is poured, chipping is performed for the pouring of the next layer to make the concrete firmly bonded. Therefore, the chipping machine is also commonly referred to as a "concrete chipping machine".

[0003] In actual engineering practice, the following problems exist:

[0004] I. All hammer heads of the existing chipping machine collectively perform hammering, but the existing technology has a demand for controlling part of the hammer heads, such as hammering at the corner position, which is suitable for hammering with part of the hammer heads, such as CN214293845U, which relates to a chipping machine capable of controlling the working sequence and time of a single chipping head through programming. Each air outlet passage is connected with a chipping head through an air outlet branch pipe, but this scheme requires a large number of control structures, control pipelines and logic control chips, which is high in cost and has many components.

[0005] II. The air cylinder of the existing chipping machine is designed to be air-in from the upper side, but in the case of multiple passages, such as controlling different air cylinder movements, air-in from the upper side cannot adapt to the layout of more functional pipelines.

[0006] III. The air cylinder of the existing chipping machine only considers up-down driving, but in actual work, the downward hammering force needs to be large, and the upward return needs to be as light as possible to reduce the impact on the inner wall; the existing technology has not realized a scheme to effectively solve this problem.

[0007] IV. In the internal passage control of the existing chipping machine, only the on-off of a single passage can be controlled, and the on-off of multiple passages cannot be controlled. Some technologies can control the on-off of multiple passages, but such technologies cannot control the on-off of two passages in perpendicular directions. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to overcome the above problems, the present application proposes a solution to simultaneously solve the above problems.

[0009] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a tunnel construction equipment, comprising a base, a cab, a support block, a lifting frame, a support leg, a support plate, a power mechanism, a hinge seat, a hydraulic drive mechanism, a first arm, a second arm, a drilling equipment, a chiseling equipment; the cab is arranged above the base, the base is provided with wheels at the lower part and the support leg at the side, the front end of the base is provided with the support block, the lifting frame is installed on the support block, the lifting frame is provided with a sliding rail, the support plate can move up and down along the sliding rail, the power mechanism is arranged at the front part of the base, and the power mechanism can drive the support plate to move up and down; the front end of the support plate is provided with two hinge seats, the first arm is rotatably connected to one hinge seat, the second arm is rotatably connected to the other hinge seat, the first arm and the second arm are driven to rotate by the hydraulic drive mechanism, the working end of the first arm is provided with the drilling equipment, and the working end of the second arm is provided with the chiseling equipment; the chiseling equipment comprises a working arm and a chiseling machine;

[0010] The chiseling machine comprises a main body, a driving piece is installed on the main body, and a first module, a second module, an upper air inlet path, a lower air inlet path, a vertical air path, a secondary path, a main path and a driving plate are arranged in the main body; the driving plate comprises a closed part, an open part and an L-shaped part from top to bottom; the first module comprises a row of cylinder modules, the second module comprises a plurality of cylinder modules, and the cylinder module comprises a cylinder body and a piston part; the cylinder body is provided with an upper cavity, a lifting cavity, a pressing-down cavity, a lower cavity, a branch air inlet path, an upper exhaust path, a lower exhaust path, an annular cavity, an upper pad and a lower pad; the piston part comprises an upper piston, a connecting column, a diameter-reducing rod, a lower piston, a piston rod and a chiseling head.

[0011] The driving piece can drive the driving plate to move up and down; when the closed part closes the upper air inlet path, the upper air inlet path and the lower air inlet path are closed; when the open part communicates the upper air inlet path, the lower air inlet path is closed, the upper air inlet path is communicated with the secondary path; the L-shaped part comprises an L-shaped cross section, when the L-shaped part is aligned with the upper air inlet path, the upper air inlet path is cut off from the secondary path, the upper air inlet path is communicated to the lower air inlet path through the vertical air path, and the lower air inlet path is communicated with the main path; when the L-shaped part continues to lift from the position aligned with the upper air inlet path, the upper air inlet path is communicated with the secondary path, and the lower air inlet path is communicated with the main path; the main path is respectively communicated to the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the second module, and the secondary path is respectively communicated to the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the first module.

[0012] The upper piston is connected with the connecting column below, the connecting column is connected with the diameter-reducing rod below, the diameter-reducing rod is connected with the lower piston below, the lower piston is connected with the piston rod below, the piston rod is connected with the chisel head below, and the chisel head extends out of the cylinder body; the upper piston is connected with the upper cavity above, the upper piston lower surface and the cylinder body inner wall form the lifting cavity, the lower piston forms the lower pressing cavity below, and the lower piston upper surface and the cylinder body inner wall form the lower pressing cavity; the connecting column is provided with a communication path; when the piston part is located at the first position, the branch air inlet path outputs the gas to the annular cavity and then to the lower pressing cavity through the outer periphery of the diameter-reducing rod, the gas in the lifting cavity is discharged through the upper exhaust path during the lower pressing process, when the piston part is located at the second position, the branch air inlet path is communicated with the communication path and is communicated with the lifting cavity through the communication path, and the gas in the lower pressing cavity is discharged through the lower exhaust path during the lifting process.

[0013] Preferably, when the branch air inlet path is communicated with the communication path and the fluid flows from the branch air inlet path to the communication path, the flow path area is reduced.

[0014] Preferably, the number of the cylinder modules in the first module is one or two or three or four.

[0015] Preferably, the number of each row of cylinder modules in the second module is the same as that in the first module.

[0016] Preferably, the lower pressing cavity is provided with a lower cushion block, and the lifting cavity is provided with an upper cushion block.

[0017] Preferably, the diameter of the lower piston is greater than that of the upper piston.

[0018] Preferably, the main path is communicated with the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the second module through the intermediate path.

[0019] Preferably, the auxiliary path is communicated with the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the first module through the intermediate path.

[0020] Preferably, the main body side is provided with a support part.

[0021] Preferably, in the working state, the support part abuts against the working surface to position the chiseling machine.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0023] I. The first point proposed in view of the background art is to construct an integrated chiseling machine, which realizes the switching of the whole chiseling and single-row chiseling through fewer structures, realizes the two effects of the whole chiseling when the working environment is spacious and the single-row chiseling when the working environment is narrow or the chiseling edge and corner, and the working states include the whole chiseling, single-row chiseling, other part chiseling except single-row chiseling, and stopping.

[0024] Second, in response to the second point raised in the background technology, a bidirectional cylinder adapted to the air intake in the middle of the main body of the chiseling machine is proposed. Thus, the cylinder can be adapted to the low-position air intake path, so that it can be reasonably adapted even if there are multiple functional air paths that cause the air path position to be lowered.

[0025] Thirdly, in response to the third point raised in the background technology, a scheme is designed with different flow paths for different driving forces at the top and bottom. The upward driving design uses a small flow passage and a small piston, while the downward driving design uses an annular cavity, a radially narrowed piston rod, and a large piston to expand the gas passage area and increase the downward driving force.

[0026] Fourthly, in response to the fourth point raised in the background technology, a structure that can control the opening and closing of two vertical channels is adopted. It includes a closed section, an open section, and an L-shaped section, and can realize four functions: vertical bidirectional conduction, closure, lateral conduction, and folding conduction. The structure is just a single plate.

[0027] Note: The four inventive points are arranged in order from the whole to the part. The order of arrangement is not related to the level of invention. All four inventive points have outstanding substantive features and significant progress. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tunnel construction equipment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the chipping machine of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the chipping machine of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a side view of the shaving machine of the present invention in a closed state.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a side view of the lateral flow state of the shaving machine of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a side view schematic diagram of the flow state of the chiseling machine of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a side view schematic diagram of the bidirectional flow state of the shaving machine of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first position of the piston in the internal cylinder of the chipping machine of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second position state of the cylinder piston inside the chipping machine of the present invention.

[0038] In the drawings, the reference signs are as follows:

[0039] 1, chisel, 2, main body, 3, piston rod, 4, chisel head, 5, second module, 6, first module, 7, driving piece, 8, upper air inlet, 9, lower air inlet, 10, vertical air path, 11, auxiliary passage, 12, main passage, 13, closed part, 14, opening part, 15, L-shaped part, 16, upper cavity, 17, lifting cavity, 18, lower pressing cavity, 19, lower cavity, 20, branch air inlet, 21, upper exhaust path, 22, lower exhaust path, 23, annular cavity, 24, upper pad, 25, lower pad, 26, upper piston, 27, communication path, 28, connecting column, 29, diameter reduction rod, 30, lower piston, 31, cab, 32, support block, 33, lifting frame, 34, support leg, 35, support plate, 36, power mechanism, 37, hinged seat, 38, hydraulic drive mechanism, 39, first arm, 40, second arm, 41, drilling equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] As shown in the figure: a tunnel construction equipment, including base, cab, support block, lifting frame, support leg, support plate, power mechanism, hinged seat, hydraulic drive mechanism, first arm, second arm, drilling equipment, chiseling equipment; The cab is arranged above the base, the lower part of the base is provided with wheels, and the side is provided with the support leg, the front end of the base is provided with a support block, the support block is installed with the lifting frame, the lifting frame is provided with a sliding rail, the support plate can move up and down along the sliding rail, the power mechanism is arranged at the front of the base, and the power mechanism can drive the support plate to move up and down; The front end of the support plate is provided with two hinged seats, the first arm is rotatably connected to one hinged seat, the second arm is rotatably connected to the other hinged seat, the first arm and the second arm are driven to rotate by the hydraulic drive mechanism, the working end of the first arm is provided with the drilling equipment, and the working end of the second arm is provided with the chiseling equipment, the chiseling equipment includes a working arm and a chisel;

[0041] The chisel includes a main body, a driving piece is installed on the main body, and a first module, a second module, an upper air inlet, a lower air inlet, a vertical air path, an auxiliary passage, a main passage and a driving plate are arranged in the main body; The driving plate includes a closed part, an opening part and an L-shaped part from top to bottom; The first module includes a row of cylinder modules, the second module includes a plurality of cylinder modules, and the cylinder module includes a cylinder body and a piston part; The cylinder body is provided with an upper cavity, a lifting cavity, a lower pressing cavity, a lower cavity, a branch air inlet, an upper exhaust path, a lower exhaust path, an annular cavity, an upper pad and a lower pad; The piston part includes an upper piston, a connecting column, a diameter reduction rod, a lower piston, a piston rod and a chisel head;

[0042] The driving member can drive the driving plate to move up and down; when the closed part closes the upper intake path, the upper intake path and the lower intake path are closed; when the opening part communicates with the upper intake path, the lower intake path is closed, and the upper intake path is communicated with the auxiliary passage; the L-shaped part includes an L-shaped cross section, when the L-shaped part is aligned with the upper intake path, the upper intake path is cut off with the auxiliary passage, the upper intake path is communicated to the lower intake path through the vertical air path, and the lower intake path is communicated to the main passage; when the L-shaped part continues to lift from the aligned position of the upper intake path, the upper intake path is communicated with the auxiliary passage, and the lower intake path is communicated with the main passage; the main passage is respectively communicated to the branch intake path of each cylinder module in the second module, and the auxiliary passage is respectively communicated to the branch intake path of each cylinder module in the first module.

[0043] The upper piston is connected below the connecting column, the connecting column is connected below the radial contraction rod, the radial contraction rod is connected below the lower piston, the lower piston is connected below the piston rod, the piston rod is connected below the chisel head, and the chisel head extends out of the cylinder body; the upper piston is above the upper cavity, the lower surface of the upper piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body form the lifting cavity, the lower piston is below the lower cavity, and the upper surface of the lower piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body form the lower pressing cavity; the connecting column is provided with a communication path; when the piston part is in the first position, the branch intake path outputs gas to the annular cavity, and then flows to the lower pressing cavity through the outer periphery of the radial contraction rod; during the lower pressing process, the gas in the lifting cavity is discharged through the upper exhaust path; when the piston part is in the second position, the branch intake path is communicated with the communication path, and is communicated to the lifting cavity through the communication path; during the lifting process, the gas in the lower pressing cavity is discharged through the lower exhaust path.

[0044] As shown in the figure: when the branch intake path is communicated with the communication path, and the fluid flows from the branch intake path to the communication path, the flow path area is reduced. The number of cylinder modules in the first module is one or two or three or four. The number of each row of cylinder modules in the second module is the same as the number of cylinder modules in the first module. The lower pad is arranged in the lower pressing cavity, and the upper pad is arranged in the lifting cavity. The diameter of the lower piston is greater than the diameter of the upper piston. The main passage is communicated to the branch intake path of each cylinder module in the second module through the intermediate passage. The auxiliary passage is communicated to the branch intake path of each cylinder module in the first module through the intermediate passage. The bracket part is arranged on the side of the main body. In the working state, the bracket part abuts against the working surface to position the gouging machine.

[0045] Note: The number of chisel heads in each figure does not correspond, and the number of gouging heads can be selected according to requirements. The figures are only schematic diagrams, and the actual size ratio of each component or cavity flow path can be designed according to the working requirements. As for the communication relationship of the main passage, the auxiliary passage, the intermediate passage and the branch intake path, a commonly used multi-level tree branch path structure can be adopted, which is more common and will not be described in detail.

[0046] The above detailed description is for the specific implementation of the present application, which is not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent implementation or modification without departing from the present application shall be included in the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel construction apparatus, characterized by: The utility model provides a drilling and chiseling device, including base, cab, support block, lifting frame, support leg, support plate, power mechanism, articulated seat, hydraulic drive mechanism, first arm, second arm, drilling equipment, chiseling equipment, cab is equipped on the top of base, the lower part of base is equipped with wheel, side is equipped with support leg, the front end of base is provided with support block, support block installs lifting frame, lifting frame is provided with slide rail, support plate can move up and down along slide rail, power mechanism sets up in the front of base, power mechanism can drive support plate to move up and down, support plate front end is provided with two articulated seats, first arm rotates and connects in one articulated seat, second arm rotates and connects in another articulated seat, and first arm and second arm are driven to rotate through hydraulic drive mechanism, and the working end of first arm is provided with drilling equipment, and the working end of second arm is provided with chiseling equipment, and chiseling equipment includes working arm, chiseling machine; The chiseling machine includes a main body, a driving member mounted on the main body, a first module, a second module, an upper air inlet path, a lower air inlet path, a vertical air path, a secondary path, a main path, and a driving plate arranged in the main body, the driving plate includes a closed portion, an open portion, and an L-shaped portion from top to bottom, the first module includes a cylinder module, the second module includes a plurality of cylinder modules, and the cylinder module includes a cylinder body and a piston portion, the cylinder body is provided with an upper cavity, a lifting cavity, a pressing-down cavity, a lower cavity, a branch air inlet path, an upper exhaust path, a lower exhaust path, an annular cavity, an upper gasket, and a lower gasket, and the piston portion includes an upper piston, a connecting column, a diameter-reducing rod, a lower piston, a piston rod, and a chiseling head; The driving member can drive the driving plate to move up and down, the upper air inlet path and the lower air inlet path are closed when the closed portion closes the upper air inlet path, the lower air inlet path is closed and the upper air inlet path is communicated with the secondary path when the open portion communicates the upper air inlet path, the L-shaped portion includes an L-shaped cross section, the upper air inlet path is cut off from the secondary path when the L-shaped portion is aligned with the upper air inlet path, the upper air inlet path is communicated to the lower air inlet path through the vertical air path, and the lower air inlet path is communicated with the main path, the upper air inlet path is communicated with the secondary path and the lower air inlet path is communicated with the main path when the L-shaped portion is continuously lifted from the position aligned with the upper air inlet path, the main path is respectively communicated to the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the second module, and the secondary path is respectively communicated to the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the first module, The upper piston is connected with the connecting column below, the connecting column is connected with the reducing column below, the reducing column is connected with the lower piston below, the lower piston is connected with the piston rod below, the piston rod is connected with the chisel head below, and the chisel head extends out of the cylinder body; the upper piston is connected with the upper cavity above, the lower surface of the upper piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body form the lifting cavity, the lower piston is connected with the lower cavity below, and the upper surface of the lower piston and the inner wall of the cylinder body form the pressing cavity; the connecting column is provided with a communication path; when the piston part is located at the first position, the branch air inlet path outputs the gas to the annular cavity and then flows to the pressing cavity through the outer periphery of the reducing column, the gas in the lifting cavity is discharged through the upper exhaust path during the pressing process, when the piston part is located at the second position, the branch air inlet path is connected with the communication path and is connected with the lifting cavity through the communication path, and the gas in the pressing cavity is discharged through the lower exhaust path during the lifting process.

2. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: When the branch air inlet path is connected with the communication path and the fluid flows from the branch air inlet path to the communication path, the flow path area is reduced.

3. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that: The number of the cylinder modules in the first module is one or two or three or four.

4. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The number of each row of the cylinder modules in the second module is the same as the number of the cylinder modules in the first module.

5. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The lower pad is arranged in the pressing cavity, and the upper pad is arranged in the lifting cavity.

6. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the lower piston is greater than the diameter of the upper piston.

7. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The main path is connected with the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the second module through the intermediate path.

8. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary path is connected with the branch air inlet path of each cylinder module in the first module through the intermediate path.

9. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The bracket part is arranged on the side of the main body.

10. A tunnel construction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: In the working state, the bracket part abuts against the working surface to position the gouging machine.

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