A floating wind turbine foundation and an offshore floating wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating wind turbine foundation and an offshore floating wind turbine, including a buoy, a composite damper, a connecting plate and a control system. The buoys are multiple and arranged in a regular polygon with equal spacing. Two adjacent buoys are movably connected by a connecting plate. A composite damper is arranged in each buoy. The control system is connected to the composite damper. The composite damper is controlled by the control system to achieve dynamic adjustment of the damping of the floating wind turbine. The present invention can effectively reduce the amplitude of the motion response of the floating wind turbine, thereby reducing the stress of the foundation buoy and the mooring system, reducing the foundation design requirements, reducing the amount of foundation materials, reducing the construction cost, and achieving the cost reduction effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind turbines, and in particular to a floating wind turbine foundation and an offshore floating wind turbine. Background Art

[0002] As offshore wind power resources are relatively saturated, offshore wind power has a clear trend of developing towards deep seas. 80% of the world's offshore wind resources are located in waters with a depth of more than 60 meters. Since offshore wind power resources are relatively limited, the wind in deep sea areas is stronger and more continuous than in offshore areas. Therefore, the utilization rate of wind energy in deep seas is higher, and offshore wind resources can be fully utilized. Increasing the development of deep sea offshore wind power has become a trend. Therefore, the development of floating offshore wind power technology suitable for deeper waters is an inevitable trend in the future.

[0003] At present, the construction cost of overseas floating wind power projects is about 50 yuan / W, and the construction cost of domestic prototype projects is about 38-40 yuan / W. The future cost reduction direction is mainly in the foundation floating body, mooring system, and construction cost. Judging from the current domestic prototype projects, the cost of the foundation floating body, mooring system, and construction cost accounts for more than 80% of the total cost, and it is expected that there is a large space for cost reduction.

[0004] Reducing the stress on the foundation buoy and mooring system and lowering the foundation design requirements are the key to reducing the cost of floating wind turbines. How to reduce the stress on the foundation buoy and mooring system, lower the foundation design requirements, and reduce the amount of foundation materials while ensuring the stability and safety of the unit operation is the current research and development focus. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper, which can effectively reduce the motion response amplitude of the floating wind turbine, thereby reducing the stress on the foundation buoy and mooring system, reducing the foundation design requirements, reducing the amount of foundation materials, reducing the construction cost, and achieving a cost reduction effect.

[0006] Another object of the present invention is to provide an offshore floating wind turbine.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper comprises a buoy, a composite damper, a connecting plate and a control system. The buoys are multiple and arranged at equal intervals in a regular polygon. Two adjacent buoys are movably connected via a connecting plate. A composite damper is arranged in each buoy. The control system is connected to the composite damper. The composite damper is controlled by the control system to achieve dynamic adjustment of the damping of the floating wind turbine.

[0009] Furthermore, the composite damper includes a partition plate, a magnetorheological damper arranged on the upper side of the partition plate, and a hydraulic damper arranged on the lower side of the partition plate, the magnetorheological damper is connected to the hydraulic damper, and the control system is respectively connected to the magnetorheological damper and the hydraulic damper.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetorheological damper includes a magnetic fluid inner cylinder, a magnetic fluid flow hole, a magnetic fluid piston, a diverter plate, a baffle, an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic fluid pump. The magnetic fluid inner cylinder is arranged between the partition plate and the top wall of the float, and a plurality of magnetic fluid flow holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction at the upper and lower parts thereof, and a magnetic fluid piston is arranged inside the magnetic fluid cylinder. The magnetic fluid piston is connected to the hydraulic damper. There are a plurality of magnetic fluid pumps, which are arranged on the partition plate and the top wall of the float respectively, and the magnetic fluid is controlled by a control system. The pump drives the magnetic fluid in the magnetorheological damper to flow, thereby realizing active circulation of the magnetic fluid. Meanwhile, the control system controls the magnetic fluid pump to change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid according to the motion state of the wind turbine. The diverter plate is arranged between the float and the magnetic fluid inner cylinder, the baffle plate is vertically or obliquely connected to the diverter plate, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the baffle plate and the diverter plate, the diverter plate can divert the magnetic fluid so that the magnetic fluid flows through the electromagnetic coil, and the baffle plate can change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid.

[0011] Furthermore, the hydraulic damper includes a piston rod, a hydraulic piston, an air pressure pump and a circulation valve. A piston hole for installing the piston rod is provided at the center of the partition plate. One end of the piston rod passes through the piston hole and extends upward into the magnetic fluid inner cylinder of the magnetorheological damper and is connected to the magnetic fluid piston of the magnetorheological damper. The other end of the piston rod extends downward and is connected to the hydraulic piston. The air pressure pump is provided at the bottom of the partition plate and is connected to the control system. The circulation valve is provided on the vertical swing plate at the bottom of the float and is located below the hydraulic piston.

[0012] Furthermore, the diverter plate is arranged in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the buoy, or in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the buoy, or in a direction inclined relative to the axial direction of the buoy.

[0013] Furthermore, the surfaces of the diverter plate and the baffle plate are in a plane, curved or folded line structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the baffle plate and the diverter plate by pre-embedding or slotting.

[0015] Furthermore, the diverter plate is connected to the buoy, the partition plate and the baffle plate by means of sliding grooves, threads or riveting.

[0016] Furthermore, the buoy and the connecting plate are connected by an active joint. The buoy includes a cylinder and a heave plate arranged at the bottom of the cylinder. The heave plate is circular or regular polygonal in structure. The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a mooring hole for connecting a mooring line.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0018] An offshore floating wind turbine comprises a wind rotor, a nacelle, a tower, a mooring line, an anchoring device and the above-mentioned floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper, wherein the wind rotor is connected to the nacelle, the nacelle is arranged on the top of the tower, the tower is arranged on the top of the floating wind turbine foundation, and the floating wind turbine foundation is connected to the anchoring device arranged underwater through a mooring line.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The floating wind turbine foundation of the present invention is designed with a buoy and a connecting plate, and a composite damper is arranged inside the buoy, which can realize dynamic adjustment of the wind turbine damping, improve the structural stability of the wind turbine, reduce the foundation design requirements and material consumption, has a simple structure, is easy to install, and can achieve cost reduction of the entire machine.

[0021] 2. The buoys of the present invention are connected by connecting plates, which can effectively increase the lateral size, lower the center of gravity of the basic structure, and reduce the amount of steel used; the heave plates and connecting plates at the bottom of the buoys can increase additional damping and mass to suppress the heave motion response.

[0022] 3. The composite damper of the present invention can adjust the structure of the wind turbine according to different operating states of the wind turbine through the combination of the magnetorheological damper and the hydraulic damper, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the wind turbine.

[0023] 4. The baffles and diverter plates of the magnetorheological damper of the present invention are designed with planes, curved surfaces or broken line surfaces, which increase the flow shear area of ​​the magnetic fluid. The combined design of the magnetic fluid piston and the magnetic fluid pump effectively controls the speed of the magnetic fluid, enhances the controllability of the damping ratio, and ensures the overall structural stability of the wind turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating wind turbine foundation of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the composite damper of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the partition plate of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the splitter plate and the baffle plate of the present invention being connected by a slide groove.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the splitter plate and the baffle plate of the present invention being connected by threads.

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating wind turbine of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper, including a buoy 1, a composite damper, a connecting plate 3 and a control system (not shown in the figure), wherein there are multiple buoys 1, which are arranged at equal intervals in a regular polygonal shape, and are used to provide main buoyancy. Two adjacent buoys 1 are movably connected by a connecting plate 3, and a composite damper is arranged in each buoy 1. The control system is connected to the composite damper, and the composite damper is controlled by the control system to realize dynamic adjustment of the damping of the floating wind turbine.

[0033] Specifically, the composite damper includes a magnetorheological damper arranged on the partition plate 201, an upper side of the partition plate 201, and a hydraulic damper arranged on the lower side of the partition plate 201, the magnetorheological damper is connected to the hydraulic damper, and the control system is respectively connected to the magnetorheological damper and the hydraulic damper.

[0034] Specifically, the magnetorheological damper includes a magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202, a magnetic fluid flow hole 203, a magnetic fluid piston 204, a diverter plate 205, a baffle 206, an electromagnetic coil 207 and a magnetic fluid pump 208. The magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202 is arranged between the partition plate 201 and the top wall of the float 1, and a plurality of magnetic fluid flow holes 203 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction at the upper and lower parts thereof, and a magnetic fluid piston 204 is arranged inside thereof. The magnetic fluid piston 204 is connected to the piston rod 209 of the hydraulic damper by bolts or latches, and there are a plurality of magnetic fluid pumps 208, which are arranged on the partition plate and the top wall of the float, respectively. The control system controls the magnetic fluid pump to drive the flow of magnetic fluid in the magnetorheological damper to realize the active circulation of the magnetic fluid. At the same time, the control system controls the magnetic fluid pump to change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid according to the movement state of the wind turbine. The diverter plate 205 is arranged between the float 1 and the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202. The baffle plate 206 is vertically or obliquely connected to the diverter plate 205. The electromagnetic coil 207 is arranged on the baffle plate 206 and the diverter plate 205. The diverter plate 205 can divert the magnetic fluid so that the magnetic fluid flows through the electromagnetic coil 207. The baffle plate 206 can change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid.

[0035] Specifically, the diverter plate 205 can be arranged parallel to the axial direction of the buoy, or perpendicular to the axial direction of the buoy, or inclined relative to the axial direction of the buoy. The diverter plate 205 and the baffle plate 206 can be designed as a plane, a curved surface or a folded line surface structure.

[0036] In this embodiment, the diverter plate is set along the axial direction parallel to the float as an example. The diverter plate is cylindrical as a whole, and the diverter plate is fixed axially between the partition plate 201 and the float 1. At this time, through holes for the circulation of magnetic fluid can be processed at the top and bottom of the diverter plate at positions corresponding to the magnetic fluid flow holes 203 as needed to facilitate the flow of magnetic fluid. A plurality of baffles 206 are vertically connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the diverter plate, respectively. The installation angle of the baffle 206 can also be adjusted according to the diverter plate 205. The electromagnetic coil can be set on the baffle 206 and the diverter plate 205 by pre-embedding or slotting.

[0037] like Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the diverter plate 205 can be connected to the buoy 1, the partition plate 201 and the baffle plate 206 by means of a slide groove, a thread or a riveting method, which has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble and adjust. When the slide groove is used for connection, the corresponding positions of the diverter plate 205, the baffle plate 206, the buoy 1 and the partition plate 201 are all provided with a connecting slide groove.

[0038] In this embodiment, the float 1, the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202, the magnetic fluid flow hole 203, the magnetic fluid piston 204, the baffle 206, the diverter plate 205, and the partition plate 201 together constitute a magnetic fluid circulation circuit. The magnetic fluid piston 204 moves so that the magnetic fluid inside the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202 flows to the outside of the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202 through the magnetic fluid flow hole 203, thereby suppressing the yaw motion of the wind turbine; at the same time, the control system controls the magnetic fluid pump to drive the flow of the magnetic fluid to achieve active circulation of the magnetic fluid. At the same time, the control system can control the magnetic fluid pump to change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid according to the motion state of the wind turbine, thereby suppressing the lateral movement of the wind turbine.

[0039] Specifically, the hydraulic damper includes a piston rod 209, a hydraulic piston 210, an air pressure pump 211 and a circulation valve 212. A piston hole 2011 for installing the piston rod 209 is set at the center of the partition plate 201. One end of the piston rod 209 passes through the piston hole and extends upward into the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202 of the magnetorheological damper, and is connected to the magnetic fluid piston 204 in the magnetic fluid inner cylinder 202 by bolts or latches. The other end extends downward and is connected to the hydraulic piston 210. The air pressure pump 211 is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate 201 and is connected to the control system. The circulation valve 212 is arranged on the vertical swing plate 102 at the bottom of the float 1 and is located below the hydraulic piston 210.

[0040] The specific type, size and number of the air pressure pump 211 and the circulation valve 212 of the hydraulic damper in this embodiment can be selected according to the wind turbine. When the wind turbine is running, the main buoyancy is provided by the hydraulic damper, and the dynamic buoyancy is completed by the air pressure pump 211.

[0041] In this embodiment, the buoy 1 and the connecting plate 3 may be connected by a movable joint to ensure that the foundation can move with multiple degrees of freedom.

[0042] Specifically, the buoy 1 includes a cylinder 101 and a heave plate 102 disposed at the bottom of the cylinder 101, wherein the heave plate 102 is circular or regular polygonal in structure, and a mooring hole 103 for connecting a mooring line 7 is disposed at the bottom of the cylinder 101. The buoy 1 can be designed into a cylindrical, polygonal cube, irregular body, and other shapes according to actual needs.

[0043] In this embodiment, when damping adjustment is required to control the motion response of the wind turbine, the following three solutions can be used:

[0044] Solution 1: The control system controls the air pump 211 to operate, and seawater enters the hydraulic damper through the circulation valve 212, pushing the hydraulic piston 210 to move. At the same time, the piston rod 209 pushes the magnetic flow piston 204 to move, causing the magnetic flow fluid to flow, thereby achieving wind turbine motion response suppression.

[0045] Solution 2: The control system controls the operation of the air pump 211, and the seawater enters the hydraulic damper through the circulation valve 212, pushing the hydraulic piston 210 to move. The piston rod 209 pushes the magnetic flow piston 204 to move, causing the magnetic fluid to flow. At the same time, the control system applies an excitation current to the electromagnetic coil to generate the required damping force, thereby achieving wind turbine motion response suppression.

[0046] Solution 3: The control system applies an excitation current to the electromagnetic coil and controls the operation of the magnetic fluid pump 208 to push the magnetic fluid to circulate in the magnetorheological damper to generate the required damping force, thereby achieving wind turbine motion response suppression.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment provides an offshore floating wind turbine, including a wind rotor 4, a nacelle 5, a tower 6, a mooring line 7, an anchoring device 8 and a floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper, wherein the wind rotor 4 is connected to the nacelle 5, the nacelle 5 is arranged on the top of the tower 6, the tower 6 is arranged on the top of the floating wind turbine foundation, and the floating wind turbine foundation is connected to the anchoring device 8 arranged underwater through the mooring line 7.

[0049] Specifically, the mooring line 7 is a step chain designed and manufactured using mooring chain, steel wire rope, synthetic fiber and other materials; the anchoring device 8 can be a grip anchor, a gravity anchor, a pile anchor or a suction anchor.

[0050] The form and quantity of the mooring line 7, the fixing method of the anchoring device 8, the shape of the buoy 1 and the size and quantity of each component are set according to actual needs to achieve the most stable fixation.

[0051] The present invention can effectively reduce the motion response amplitude of the floating wind turbine through the design of the floating wind turbine foundation based on the composite damper, thereby reducing the stress on the foundation buoy and the mooring system, reducing the foundation design requirements, reducing the amount of foundation materials used, achieving the effect of cost reduction, and at the same time ensuring the stability and safety of the unit operation.

[0052] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and invention concept of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper, characterized in that: It includes a buoy, a composite damper, a connecting plate and a control system. There are multiple buoys, which are arranged at equal intervals in the form of a regular polygon. Two adjacent buoys are movably connected by a connecting plate. A composite damper is arranged in each buoy. The control system is connected to the composite damper. The composite damper is controlled by the control system to realize dynamic adjustment of the damping of the floating wind turbine. The composite damper includes a partition plate, a magnetorheological damper arranged on the upper side of the partition plate and a hydraulic damper arranged on the lower side of the partition plate. The magnetorheological damper is connected to the hydraulic damper. The control system is connected to the magnetorheological damper and the hydraulic damper respectively. The magnetorheological damper includes a magnetic fluid inner cylinder, a magnetic fluid flow hole, a magnetic fluid piston, a diverter plate, a baffle, an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic fluid pump. The magnetic fluid inner cylinder is provided with a magnetic fluid flow hole, a magnetic fluid flow hole, a magnetic fluid piston, a diverter plate, a baffle, an electromagnetic coil and a magnetic fluid pump. It is placed between the partition plate and the top wall of the float, and has a plurality of magnetic fluid flow holes at circumferential intervals on its upper and lower parts, respectively. A magnetic fluid piston is arranged inside it, and the magnetic fluid piston is connected to the hydraulic damper. There are multiple magnetic fluid pumps, which are arranged on the partition plate and the top wall of the float respectively. The magnetic fluid pump is controlled by the control system to drive the flow of magnetic fluid in the magnetorheological damper to realize the active circulation of the magnetic fluid. At the same time, the control system controls the magnetic fluid pump to change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid according to the movement state of the wind turbine. The diverter plate is arranged between the float and the magnetic fluid inner cylinder, the baffle is vertically or obliquely connected to the diverter plate, and the electromagnetic coil is arranged on the baffle plate and the diverter plate. The diverter plate can divert the magnetic fluid so that the magnetic fluid flows through the electromagnetic coil, and the baffle plate can change the flow direction of the magnetic fluid.

2. The floating wind turbine foundation based on the composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper includes a piston rod, a hydraulic piston, an air pressure pump and a circulation valve. A piston hole for installing the piston rod is arranged at the center of the partition plate. One end of the piston rod passes through the piston hole and extends upward into the magnetic fluid inner cylinder of the magnetorheological damper and is connected to the magnetic fluid piston of the magnetorheological damper. The other end of the piston rod extends downward and is connected to the hydraulic piston. The air pressure pump is arranged at the bottom of the partition plate and is connected to the control system. The circulation valve is arranged on the vertical swing plate at the bottom of the float and is located below the hydraulic piston.

3. The floating wind turbine foundation based on the composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splitter plate is arranged in parallel with the axial direction of the buoy, or in perpendicular to the axial direction of the buoy, or incline relative to the axial direction of the buoy.

4. The floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the diverter plate and the baffle plate are in a plane, curved or folded line structure.

5. The floating wind turbine foundation based on the composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil is arranged on the baffle plate and the diverter plate by pre-embedding or slotting.

6. The floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter plate is connected to the buoy, the partition plate and the baffle plate by means of a slide groove, a thread or a riveting method.

7. The floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoy and the connecting plate are connected by an active joint. The buoy includes a cylinder and a heave plate arranged at the bottom of the cylinder. The heave plate is circular or regular polygonal in structure. The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a mooring hole for connecting a mooring line.

8. An offshore floating wind turbine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wind rotor, a nacelle, a tower, a mooring line, an anchoring device and a floating wind turbine foundation based on a composite damper as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wind rotor is connected to the nacelle, the nacelle is arranged on the top of the tower, the tower is arranged on the top of the floating wind turbine foundation, and the floating wind turbine foundation is connected to the anchoring device arranged underwater through a mooring line.

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