A pollution-free agent for effectively preventing and controlling branch blight of indigofera and a prevention and treatment method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of effectively prevent and control Gang Mei branch blight of nuisance pesticide and prevention and control method and application, specifically including the following components: methyl jasmonate 100-150mg / L, table 24-rape sprout lactone 0.01-0.5mg / L, 6-benzyl adenine 20-50mg / L, triacontanol 0.5-1mg / L, chitosan 300-600mg / L, organic silicon 100-400mg / L, phenylalanine 5-50mg / L, mannitol 5-30mg / L, betaine 50-300mg / L, 2 hydrated calcium chloride 150mg / L, eugenol 250mg / L, isopropenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.02-0.05mg / L, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether 800-1000mg / L, ethanol 10000-30000mg / L.The application is compounded by plant growth regulator, inorganic matter, amino acid and other components, induces Gang Mei planting seedling, so that it systematically obtains resistance, enhances defense, inhibits Gang Mei branch blight, stabilizes cell membrane and improves the ability of anti-abiotic adversity, and also helps to improve the content of Gang Mei medicinal component secondary metabolite.The pesticide prepared by the application does not contain pesticide chemical component, is safe, non-polluting, simple in use method, and can effectively prevent and control Gang Mei branch blight, improve Gang Mei yield, quality and medicinal value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plant disease and pest control, and more particularly to a pollution-free pesticide for effectively preventing and controlling Ilex asprella branch blight, and a prevention and control method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ilex asprella (Hook.et Arn.) belongs to the Ilex of Aquifoliaceae, and is also called Tuogangcao, Chenshengshu, Baixiecha, etc. Ilex asprella is an important southern medicinal herb in China, and is mostly found in sparse forest or shrub under the hillside. The roots, stems and leaves of Ilex asprella can be used as medicine all year round, and there are more than 100 chemical components such as triterpene saponins, lactones and alkaloids, which have the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, and can be used to treat cold, bronchitis, infectious hepatitis, coronary heart disease, hernia, and contusion, etc. Ilex asprella is the main raw material of many Chinese patent medicines and herbal teas, and the market demand is large.

[0003] With the increasing market demand for Ilex asprella, the artificial cultivation area of Ilex asprella is also expanding. At the same time, the diseases and pests of Ilex asprella occur and are relatively serious. The diseases and pests of Ilex asprella seriously affect the yield and quality of Ilex asprella, and the branch blight is particularly serious. The branch blight of Ilex asprella is a major disease in large-scale cultivation of Ilex asprella, and the incidence rate is 5%-40%. In the seriously damaged area, the mortality rate can reach 10%. The branch blight of Ilex asprella mainly damages the main stem, lateral branches and tender shoots of Ilex asprella, and the symptom characteristics are as follows: the first symptom of the diseased plant is small brown spots on the branches, and the upper part of the diseased plant is dried. The brown spots gradually turn into dark brown and tend to increase, the branches become black, the leaves on the branches wither, the branches dry, the growth rate slows down, the yield and quality decrease, and the whole plant dies in severe cases. The branch blight starts to occur in late March every year, and the peak period is from June to August. Rainy season, high temperature and poor ventilation can aggravate the development of the disease, and the occurrence area presents a patchy pattern.

[0004] Many plants have branch blight disease, but the pathogens of different plants are different. For example, the pathogen of branch blight of Chinese rose is Rose small shell fungus of Cytospora and Sphaeropsidales; the pathogen of branch blight of pear tree is Botryosphaeria dothidea, which belongs to Deuteromycota; the pathogen of branch blight of apple is Nectria cinnabarina, which belongs to Ascomycota, etc. The pathogen of branch blight of Ilex asprella is Botryosphaeria dothidea.

[0005] Currently, the prevention and treatment of branch blight mainly through the following ways: improve the planting microenvironment to reduce the degree of natural adversity, such as reducing planting density; strong seedlings to improve plant resistance, such as strengthening water and fertilizer management, supplementing trace elements, etc.; select appropriate and effective pesticides to inhibit / killing bacteria after disease, such as commonly used azoles, benzene ether, carbendazim, methyl thiophanate and other bacteria to control. But only so the effect is not obvious, such as reducing planting density is indeed helpful to improve the planting microenvironment, but this improvement effect is extremely small compared with the natural climate, and reducing the planting density under the reasonable planting standard is to reduce the economic benefit; second, strengthen water and fertilizer management, supplement nutrition and enhance resistance, which indeed helps to resist disease to a certain extent, but the plant resistance depends on its genetic biological characteristics, so the effect of simply strengthening seedlings and promoting resistance is not big, and the plant resistance and growth are actually energy allocation and control problems, that is, the resistance is at the expense of growth; finally, the application of chemical pesticides to kill bacteria / inhibit bacteria is the fastest way, but on the one hand, it does not improve the plant resistance ability, which is the internal cause, and the single chemical pesticide is not helpful to the yield and quality.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a green and non-polluting branch blight prevention and treatment technology for effectively preventing branch blight and enhancing the resistance of gongmei has become a problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0007] Therefore, the present application provides a non-polluting agent for effectively preventing and controlling gongmei branch blight and a prevention and treatment method and application, which effectively prevents and controls gongmei branch blight from the perspective of improving the internal resistance of plants and inhibiting the reproduction of invasive pathogenic bacteria, and has the characteristics of green and non-pollution.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] A non-polluting agent for effectively preventing and controlling gongmei branch blight, specifically comprising the following components:

[0010] Methyl jasmonate 100-150 mg / L, brassinolide 0.01-0.5 mg / L, 6-benzyladenine 20-50 mg / L, triacontanol 0.5-1 mg / L, chitosan 300-600 mg / L, organosilicon 100-400 mg / L, phenylalanine 5-50 mg / L, mannitol 5-30 mg / L, betaine 50-300 mg / L, 2 hydrated calcium chloride 150-250 mg / L, eugenol 200-300 mg / L, isopropenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.02-0.05 mg / L, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether 800-1000 mg / L, and ethanol 10000-50000 mg / L.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the effective no-pollution pesticide for preventing and controlling branch blight of Potentilla frigidus disclosed by the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] The jasmonate substance can induce the induced systemic resistance of Potentilla frigidus to the pathogen saprophyte, regulate gene expression, translate disease-resistant proteins, stimulate defense-related enzyme activities (such as protease inhibitors, lipoxygenase, G-glycosidase, chitinase, enhanced PPO, CAT, POD, SOD, glutamine, etc.), stimulate defense-related secondary metabolites (such as isoflavones, terpenes, etc.) to more effectively improve the resistance of the plant to the pathogen and the reaction efficiency. Meanwhile, the phenylalanine is added as a substrate to add the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL, positively correlated with the disease resistance of the plant) to enhance the disease resistance of the plant.

[0013] The jasmonate substance helps to induce the induced systemic resistance of the plant, improve the resistance to the pathogen, and promote the accumulation of secondary metabolites, and also has the effect of inhibiting the growth of the plant and promoting the aging of the plant. Therefore, the jasmonate substance is compounded with 6-benzyladenine, triacontanol, etc. in the pesticide to slow down or prevent the degradation of proteins and the like under stress, reduce the sensitivity of the plant tissue to ethylene (the higher the sensitivity of the plant tissue cells to ethylene, the more likely the plant tissue cells are to age and die under stress, and the resistance to biological and pathogenic stress is also reduced), delay or prevent the infection of the tissue cells by the pathogen, and the "green island effect" produced in the plant tissue is beneficial to preventing the spread and infection of the saprophyte in the tissue. In addition, the activity of nitrate reductase and the like is improved to help the plant assimilate nutrients, stabilize the photosynthetic system of the plant, slow down aging, and improve photosynthesis. The resistance to stress is enhanced, and the net consumption of growth under stress (including biological and non-biological stress) is reduced or alleviated.

[0014] The reagent combination for inhibiting branch blight of Potentilla frigidus is dominated by methyl jasmonate and eugenol, but both of them have a dual effect of concentration effect on the growth of the plant, that is, they have an inhibitory negative effect on the growth of the plant at a concentration for promoting the induced systemic resistance of the plant and resisting the infection of the pathogen. The combination of the pesticide also coordinates this problem, which is the principle of compounding 6-benzyladenine, triacontanol, and brassinolide in the pesticide.

[0015] Plants are subjected to adversity, aging, poor growth, the redox balance in cells is broken, and normal metabolism is disordered, which creates conditions for the invasion of branch blight pathogens, so improving the non-biological stress resistance of plants and preventing or delaying their aging can significantly improve their resistance to biological pathogen infection. The brassinolide, betaine, mannitol and other substances in the application are compounded to balance the endogenous hormones of plants, remove free radicals, active oxygen and other peroxidation caused by adversity stress, assist the redox balance, stabilize the permeability of biological membranes, and effectively relieve the adversity stress of plants.

[0016] The inorganic salt added in the application, such as organosilicon, helps plants to be invaded by pathogenic microorganisms below; calcium chloride, as the intracellular second messenger of many plant hormones, can more effectively improve the stress resistance efficiency of cells and plants.

[0017] The polyphenol and chitosan compounded in the application are both natural plant bacteriostatic agents; the eugenol used in the technology has a wide bacteriostatic spectrum and has obvious inhibitory effect on bacteria and plant pathogenic fungi, and also has effective inhibitory effect on Botryosphaeria dothidea researched in the application, can inhibit mycelial growth, spore germination and destroy the integrity of fungal cell membranes, and has no public hazard.

[0018] The synergist propenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone is compounded and used in the application to increase the effect of 6-benzyladenine; the alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether and ethanol are used as leaf active agents and aids to reduce the surface tension of solution water and improve the absorption efficiency of the plant leaf surface and stem skin holes to the pesticide.

[0019] A preparation method of a non-polluting pesticide for effectively preventing and controlling branch blight of Mei, comprising the following steps:

[0020] 1) Take a dilution container, and add water into the container to 2 / 3 of the container;

[0021] 2) Calculate the weight of 6-benzyladenine according to the use concentration, weigh 6-benzyladenine, dissolve it with 95% ethanol to obtain a 6-benzyladenine solution; the amount of 95% ethanol is not more than 50ml / L after the solution is made up to volume;

[0022] 3) Calculate the weight of other drugs according to the concentration, weigh other ingredients except 6-benzyladenine, and add them into the container in sequence, stir to dissolve to obtain a mixed solution 1;

[0023] 4) Add the 6-benzyladenine solution into the mixed solution 1, stir uniformly, and make up to volume, to obtain the product.

[0024] The application of a non-polluting pesticide for effectively preventing and controlling branch blight of Mei in preparing a preparation for preventing and controlling branch blight.

[0025] In summary, the present application induces activation of plant induction system resistance, alleviates the harm of stress and anti-aging, strengthens and improves the resistance of plant to external and internal pathogenic organisms; the agent contains natural plant bacteriostatic substance components with bactericidal / inhibitory effect on the infected bacteria, which has obvious effect on prevention and control of pathogens; the agent also contains components that inhibit plant aging and promote photosynthetic capacity to help resist diseases while maintaining growth rate. The agent does not contain chemical pesticide components and is non-polluting, and the agent of the present application also helps to increase the content of saponin, a secondary metabolite of medicinal component of Gang Mei. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] A non-polluting agent for preventing and controlling Gang Mei branch blight, which comprises: methyl jasmonate 100 mg / L, epibrassiconate 0.01 mg / L, 6-benzyladenine 20 mg / L, triacontanol 0.5 mg / L, chitosan 300 mg / L, organosilicon 100 mg / L, phenylalanine 5 mg / L, mannitol 5 mg / L, betaine 50 mg / L, 2 hydrated calcium chloride 150 mg / L, eugenol 200 mg / L, isopropenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.02 mg / L, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether 800 mg / L, and ethanol 50000 mg / L.

[0029] Embodiment 2

[0030] A non-polluting agent for preventing and controlling Gang Mei branch blight, which comprises: methyl jasmonate 125 mg / L, epibrassiconate 0.1 mg / L, 6-benzyladenine 35 mg / L, triacontanol 0.7 mg / L, chitosan 450 mg / L, organosilicon 250 mg / L, phenylalanine 20 mg / L, mannitol 15 mg / L, betaine 200 mg / L, 2 hydrated calcium chloride 200 mg / L, eugenol 250 mg / L, isopropenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.03 mg / L, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether 900 mg / L, and ethanol 50000 mg / L.

[0031] Embodiment 3

[0032] A no-pollution pesticide for preventing and controlling branch blight of P. fortunei, which comprises: methyl jasmonate 150 mg / L, epibrassinolide 0.5 mg / L, 6-benzyladenine 50 mg / L, triacontanol 1 mg / L, chitosan 600 mg / L, organosilicon 400 mg / L, phenylalanine 50 mg / L, mannitol 30 mg / L, betaine 300 mg / L, calcium chloride 2-hydrate 250 mg / L, eugenol 300 mg / L, isopropenyl-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.05 mg / L, alkylphenol formaldehyde resin polyvinyl ether 1000 mg / L, and ethanol 50000 mg / L.

[0033] Comparative Example 1

[0034] A pesticide for preventing and controlling branch blight of P. fortunei, which comprises: methyl jasmonate 150 mg / L and eugenol 250 mg / L.

[0035] Example 4

[0036] In Jiangxi area, branch blight of P. fortunei starts to occur in late March every year, and the peak period is from June to August. The development of the disease is aggravated by rainy season, high temperature and poor ventilation, and the occurrence area presents a patchy shape. In March 2022, three 2-year-old P. fortunei planting areas with an area of 50 m 2 each were selected from the P. fortunei planting forest of Jiangxi Zhengming Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. in the same microenvironment area, and a control test was started on March 12. The pesticide described in Example 2, the pesticide described in Comparative Example 1, and a control group were sprayed, respectively. The P. fortunei seedlings in the test sample area were sprayed on the foliage at 5:30-6:00 in the afternoon, and the juice was sprayed as evenly as possible. The spraying was performed every 15 days. The test samples were sprayed for 3 times, and the samples and control samples were taken and detected for 5 days to 40 days after the spraying. The results are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0037] The enzyme activity, MDA accumulation, chlorophyll content, saponin and flavonoid content of the plant were detected after 7 days of pesticide treatment and control treatment as follows:

[0038]

[0039] The test results in Table 1 show that the use of the pesticide in Comparative Example 1 helps to improve the antioxidant enzyme activity, the accumulation of total saponin and flavonoid secondary metabolites, but also significantly increases the accumulation of MDA, and the chlorophyll content is also significantly decreased. Because the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and free radicals is higher, the balance of the plant antioxidant system is destroyed, leading to the promotion of plant tissue aging and the inhibition of photosynthetic capacity. In fact, plant aging also reduces the accumulation efficiency of medicinal ingredients in the later growth.

[0040] The group treated by the pollution-free agent of the present application promotes the accumulation of total saponins and flavonoids, and significantly inhibits the senescence of leaves and improves the photosynthetic system capacity. The agent of the present application maintains the high activity of the plant as much as possible before the material is harvested, and is more helpful to the quality and yield of the harvested product.

[0041]

[0042] The statistical results in Table 2 show that the anti-branch blight effect of the agent of the present application is obvious compared with the control group.

[0043] The embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments. The same or similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the related parts can be referred to the method part.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to the embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A pollution-free pesticide for effectively controlling branch blight of *Prunus armeniaca*, characterized in that, Its main components include: methyl jasmonate 100-150 mg / L, eugenol 200-300 mg / L, isopropylene-5-chlorobenzimidazolone 0.02-0.05 mg / L, alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin polyoxyethylene ether 800-1000 mg / L, brassinolide 0.01-0.5 mg / L, 6-benzyladenine 20-50 mg / L, triacontanol 0.5-1 mg / L, chitosan 300-600 mg / L, organosilicon 100-400 mg / L, phenylalanine 5-50 mg / L, mannitol 5-30 mg / L, betaine 50-300 mg / L, 2 hydrated calcium chloride 150-250 mg / L, ethanol 10000-50000 mg / L.

2. A preparation method of a pollution-free agent for effectively preventing and controlling branch blight of Potentilla frigidus, comprising the following steps: 1) taking a dilution container, adding water into the container to 2 / 3 of the container; 2) calculating the weight of 6-benzyladenine according to the use concentration, taking 6-benzyladenine, dissolving the 6-benzyladenine with 95% ethanol to obtain a 6-benzyladenine solution; the amount of the 95% ethanol is not more than 50 ml / L after the solution is made up to volume; 3) calculating the weight of the drugs according to the concentration, taking the other components in claim 1 except 6-benzyladenine, adding the components into the container in sequence, stirring until dissolved to obtain a mixed solution 1; 4) adding the 6-benzyladenine solution into the mixed solution 1, stirring uniformly and then making up to volume to obtain the product.

3. A method for controlling twig blight of Ilex crenata, characterized by, including: spraying the agent in claim 1 once every 15-30 days during the period of high incidence of branch blight of Potentilla frigidus.

4. The application of the pollution-free agent for effectively preventing and controlling branch blight of Potentilla frigidus in claim 1 in the preparation of an agent for preventing and controlling branch blight.

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