An electrodynamic chuck and method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses an electric chuck and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of workpiece clamping. The electric chuck comprises a base and a chuck assembly, the chuck assembly comprises a chuck base and a chuck jaw assembly; the chuck jaw assembly comprises a chuck jaw base and a chuck jaw, the chuck jaw is arranged on the chuck jaw base through an anti-swelling component, the anti-swelling component comprises an adjusting screw rod, an adjusting nut and a rotary cylinder used for driving the adjusting screw rod to rotate, the adjusting nut is in threaded connection with the adjusting screw rod, the adjusting screw rod is rotationally arranged on the chuck jaw base, and the adjusting nut is connected with the chuck jaw. After the clamped workpiece is machined, the workpiece is pre-loosened, the thermal deformation amount of the workpiece is released in advance, the overload phenomenon of a driving motor when the workpiece is loosened is avoided, the stability of the chuck during use is greatly improved, and the service life of the chuck is prolonged; in addition, the electric chuck is simple to operate, and the welding operation efficiency of the whole workpiece can be effectively improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an electric chuck and a method for using the same, and belongs to the technical field of workpiece clamping. BACKGROUND

[0002] When welding a pipe workpiece, the workpiece is usually clamped on a three-jaw chuck first. The three-jaw chuck is a common clamping tool on a machine tool. For example, a three-jaw chuck driven by a motor is disclosed in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. CN210702644U, which mainly comprises a main disc body and three clamping jaws arranged on the top of the main disc body. The chuck can automatically clamp and release the workpiece by controlling the clamping jaws through the motor. However, for pipe workpieces to be welded, the clamping jaws of the existing three-jaw chuck are expanded and stuck when the workpiece is deformed due to thermal expansion during the welding operation. If the workpiece is released by driving the chuck with the driving motor after the welding is completed, the driving motor is more likely to be overloaded, which will affect the overall service life of the chuck when used for a long time.

[0003] At present, the common solution is to drive the clamping jaws of the chuck to release the workpiece by the motor after the workpiece is completely cooled. This solution greatly affects the overall welding operation efficiency of the workpiece and is difficult to be applied to continuous welding operation of a large number of workpieces. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an electric chuck and a method for using the same to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problems is as follows: an electric chuck, comprising a machine base and a chuck assembly arranged on the machine base, the chuck assembly comprising a chuck base and three chuck jaw assemblies arranged on the chuck base and capable of radial feeding, the chuck base being provided with a chuck slide for radial movement of the chuck jaw assemblies;

[0006] The chuck jaw assembly comprises a chuck jaw seat and a chuck jaw arranged on the chuck jaw seat, the chuck jaw being arranged on the chuck jaw seat through an anti-expansion component, the chuck jaw seat being provided with a chuck jaw slide for radial movement of the chuck jaw, the chuck jaw being capable of radial movement along the chuck jaw slide under the action of the anti-expansion component;

[0007] The anti-expansion component comprises an adjusting screw, an adjusting nut and a rotary air cylinder for driving the adjusting screw to rotate, the adjusting nut being threadedly connected with the adjusting screw, the adjusting screw being rotatably arranged on the chuck jaw seat, and the adjusting nut being connected with the chuck jaw.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present application are: after the clamped workpiece is processed, the workpiece is pre-loosened by the anti-swelling assembly, the thermal deformation of the workpiece is released in advance, the problem that the chuck cannot loosen the workpiece after the workpiece is deformed due to heat is effectively improved, the overload phenomenon of the driving motor in the process of loosening the workpiece is avoided, the stability of the chuck in the use process is greatly improved, and the service life is prolonged, in addition, the electric chuck is simple to operate, and the overall welding operation efficiency of the workpiece can be effectively improved.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the present application can also be improved as follows.

[0010] Further, the chuck assembly further comprises a chuck mounting plate, a chuck disc and a clamping driving mechanism for driving the chuck disc to rotate, the chuck base is arranged on the chuck mounting plate, the chuck disc is rotatably arranged between the chuck mounting plate and the chuck base, the upper surface of the chuck disc is provided with a flat thread, the bottom of the claw base is provided with a threaded groove matched with the flat thread, and the chuck disc rotates under the action of the clamping driving mechanism.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are that the chuck base is installed on the chuck mounting plate, the active space accommodating the chuck disc is formed between the chuck base and the chuck mounting plate, and the chuck disc can rotate in the active space under the action of the clamping driving mechanism. The chuck disc rotates, and the claw base matched with the flat thread of the chuck disc moves radially towards the center or away from the center along the chuck slide, so as to realize clamping or loosening of the workpiece by the claw.

[0012] Further, the clamping driving mechanism comprises a clamping motor, a clamping speed reducer and a clamping gear, the chuck disc is provided with a disc gear ring engaged with the clamping gear, and a clutch for cutting off or engaging the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear is further arranged between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the clamping motor and the clamping speed reducer are arranged on the machine base, and the output shaft of the clamping motor is connected with the input shaft of the clamping speed reducer. The clamping motor is actuated, the clamping gear rotates, and the disc-spiral gear ring meshed with the clamping gear rotates. Since the top surface of the chuck disc-spiral has a planar thread matched with the thread groove at the bottom of the claw holder, the chuck claw assembly can be driven to move radially along the chuck slide. The clamping drive mechanism is also provided with a clutch. The state of the clutch can be selected according to actual needs. For example, when power transmission is needed, the clutch is engaged to transmit power between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear, so as to drive the claw assembly to move radially for clamping or releasing the workpiece. When the clamping drive mechanism is not needed, for example, during the machining of the workpiece, the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear can be cut off through the clutch, so as to avoid the influence of the machining process on the clamping drive mechanism. When the workpiece needs to rotate, the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear can be cut off through the clutch, so as to avoid the influence of the clamping drive mechanism on the rotation of the chuck assembly.

[0014] Further, the chuck assembly is arranged on the machine base through a rotary support. The rotary support includes a support inner ring and a support outer ring rotatably arranged outside the support inner ring. The support inner ring is connected with the machine base, and the chuck assembly is arranged on the support outer ring. The support outer ring rotates under the action of a rotary drive mechanism.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the chuck assembly is arranged on the machine base through a rotary support. Therefore, the chuck not only has a clamping function, but also can be applied to occasions where the workpiece needs to rotate.

[0016] Further, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary motor, a rotary speed reducer, and a rotary gear. The support outer ring is provided with a support gear ring meshed with the rotary gear. The rotary gear is arranged on the output shaft of the rotary speed reducer.

[0017] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the rotary motor and the rotary speed reducer are arranged on the machine base. The output shaft of the rotary motor is connected with the input shaft of the rotary speed reducer. When the workpiece needs to rotate, power is provided by the rotary motor to drive the rotary gear to rotate. The support gear ring rotates with the rotary gear, so as to rotate the support outer ring of the rotary support, thereby driving the rotation of the chuck assembly and the workpiece clamped on the chuck assembly.

[0018] Further, the claw is arranged on the sliding block. The adjusting nut is connected with the sliding block. The sliding block can move in the claw slide.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the claw can be installed on the sliding block through the fastener. The sliding block cooperates with the claw holder. The sliding block can be directly replaced after long-term use, so that the maintenance is convenient and the cost is low.

[0020] Further, the anti-expansion assembly further comprises a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving gear and a driven gear engaged with the driving gear, the rotary cylinder is arranged on the claw seat through a cylinder mounting plate, a piston rod of the rotary cylinder is connected with a wheel shaft of the driving gear, and the driven gear is arranged on the adjusting screw rod.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the rotary cylinder can directly drive the adjusting screw rod, and of course, the rotary cylinder can be connected with the adjusting screw rod through the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism can realize power transmission and is convenient to debug and install and position the rotary cylinder.

[0022] The application also relates to a use method of the electric chuck.

[0023] 1) The clutch of the clamping drive mechanism is energized and attracted, the clutch of the clamping drive mechanism is engaged with power transmission between the clamping reducer of the clamping drive mechanism and the clamping gear of the clamping drive mechanism, the clamping motor of the clamping drive mechanism is actuated, the clamping gear of the clamping drive mechanism drives the chuck wire of the chuck assembly to rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide towards the center in the radial direction to clamp the workpiece;

[0024] 2) After the claw clamps the workpiece, the clutch is de-energized to cut off the power transmission between the clamping gear of the clamping drive mechanism and the clamping reducer of the clamping drive mechanism, and then the workpiece is machined;

[0025] 3) After the workpiece is machined, the rotary cylinder rotates to drive the claw to move away from the center relative to the claw seat, and the workpiece is loosened by the claw moving backward in advance; the clutch is energized and attracted, the clamping motor is reversely actuated, the clamping gear drives the chuck wire to reversely rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide away from the center in the radial direction to loosen the workpiece;

[0026] 4) After the workpiece is removed, the rotary cylinder rotates, and the claw is reset to wait for the next workpiece.

[0027] The beneficial effect of the application is that the workpiece is loosened by the anti-expansion assembly in advance before the claw assembly loosens the workpiece, the anti-expansion assembly can effectively improve the problem that the chuck cannot loosen the workpiece after the workpiece is deformed due to heat, greatly improves the stability of the electric chuck and prolongs the service life, greatly improves the welding efficiency of the workpiece, and is suitable for continuous welding operation of a large number of workpieces.

[0028] On the basis of the above technical scheme, the application can also be improved as follows.

[0029] Further, in the above-mentioned step 2), when the workpiece to be clamped needs to be rotated in the working operation, the rotation motor of the rotation driving mechanism for driving the chuck assembly to rotate is actuated after the clutch is powered off, the rotation gear of the rotation driving mechanism drives the rotation support to rotate, and the chuck assembly rotates accordingly, and the workpiece clamped between the chuck claw assemblies rotates accordingly.

[0030] The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned further solution is that, if the workpiece needs to be rotated during the working process after being clamped, the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer and the clamping gear can be cut off by the clutch after the workpiece is clamped, so as to avoid the interference of the rotation driving mechanism with the rotation of the workpiece. The chuck not only adds the rotation support and the rotation driving mechanism, so that the chuck can be applied to occasions where the workpiece needs to be rotated, but also makes full use of the clutch of the clamping driving mechanism to avoid the interference of the rotation of the chuck assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 The figure is a partial sectional structural schematic diagram of the electric chuck of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 The figure is an internal structural diagram of the electric chuck of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the chuck wire and the chuck claw seat of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the clutch and the clamping gear of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 The figure is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the anti-expansion assembly of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 The figure is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the anti-expansion assembly of the present application;

[0038] In the diagram, 101 is the chuck base; 1011 is the chuck slide rail; 102 is the chuck thread; 1021 is the flat thread; 1022 is the thread gear ring; 103 is the chuck mounting plate; 201 is the jaw seat; 2011 is the threaded groove; 2012 is the jaw slide rail; 202 is the jaw; 203 is the sliding block; 301 is the rotary cylinder; 302 is the drive gear; 303 is the driven gear; 304 is the adjusting screw; and 305 is the... Adjusting nut; 401, clamping motor; 402, clamping reducer; 403, clamping gear; 404, clutch; 4041, clutch main shaft; 4042, clutch driving end; 4043, clutch driven end; 501, rotary motor; 502, rotary reducer; 503, rotary gear; 6, slewing support; 601, support inner ring; 602, support outer ring; 6021, support gear ring; 7, machine base. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to examples. The examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] like Figures 1-7 As shown, an electric chuck includes a base 7 and a chuck assembly disposed on the base 7. The chuck assembly includes a chuck base 101 and three jaw assemblies disposed on the chuck base 101 and capable of radial feeding. The chuck base 101 is provided with a chuck slide 1011 for radial movement of the jaw assemblies.

[0041] The claw assembly includes a claw base 201 and a claw 202 disposed on the claw base 201. The claw 202 is disposed on the claw base 201 by an anti-gap component. The claw base 201 is provided with a claw slide 2012 for the claw 202 to move radially. Under the action of the anti-gap component, the claw 202 can move radially along the claw slide 2012.

[0042] The anti-swelling assembly includes an adjusting screw 304, an adjusting nut 305, and a rotary cylinder 301 for driving the adjusting screw 304 to rotate. The adjusting nut 305 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw 304. The adjusting screw 304 is rotatably mounted on the jaw seat 201, and the adjusting nut 305 is connected to the jaw 202. The adjusting screw 304 is connected to the jaw seat 201 via a bearing and / or a bushing. This connection point is a smooth section without threads. The surfaces of the adjusting screw 304 and the adjusting nut 305 that mate are threaded.

[0043] The chuck assembly further comprises a chuck mounting plate 103, a chuck disc 102, and a clamping drive mechanism for driving the chuck disc 102 to rotate. The chuck base 101 is arranged on the chuck mounting plate 103, and the chuck disc 102 is rotatably arranged between the chuck mounting plate 103 and the chuck base 101. A flat thread 1021 is arranged on the upper surface of the chuck disc 102. The bottom of the chuck claw base 201 is provided with a thread groove 2011 matched with the flat thread 1021. The chuck disc 102 rotates under the action of the clamping drive mechanism. The chuck base 101 and the chuck mounting plate 103 form a movable space for accommodating the chuck disc 102. The chuck disc 102 can rotate in the movable space under the action of the clamping drive mechanism. The chuck disc 102 rotates, and the chuck claw base 201 matched with the flat thread 1021 of the chuck disc 102 moves radially towards the center or away from the center along the chuck slide 1011, so as to realize clamping or loosening of the workpiece by the chuck claw 202.

[0044] The clamping drive mechanism comprises a clamping motor 401, a clamping speed reducer 402, and a clamping gear 403. The outer periphery of the chuck disc 102 is provided with a disc thread ring 1022 engaged with the clamping gear 403. A clutch 404 for cutting off or engaging the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403 is further arranged between the output shaft of the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403. The clamping motor 401 and the clamping speed reducer 402 are arranged on the machine base 7. The output shaft of the clamping motor 401 is connected with the input shaft of the clamping speed reducer 402. The clamping motor 401 operates, the clamping gear 403 rotates, and the disc thread ring 1022 engaged with the clamping gear 403 rotates. Since the top surface of the chuck disc 102 is provided with the flat thread 1021 matched with the thread groove 2011 at the bottom of the chuck claw base 201, the chuck claw assembly can be driven to move radially along the chuck slide 1011. The clamping drive mechanism is further provided with the clutch 404. The state of the clutch 404 can be selected according to actual needs. For example, when power transmission is needed, the clutch 404 engages the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403, so as to drive the chuck claw assembly to radially feed and clamp or loosen the workpiece. When the clamping drive mechanism is not needed, for example, during workpiece machining, in order to avoid the influence of the machining process on the clamping drive mechanism, the clutch 404 can be used to cut off the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403. When the workpiece needs to rotate, in order to avoid the influence of the clamping drive mechanism on the rotation of the chuck assembly, the clutch 404 can be used to cut off the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403.

[0045] The chuck assembly is arranged on the base 7 through a rotary support 6, the rotary support 6 comprises a support inner ring 601 and a support outer ring 602 rotatably arranged outside the support inner ring 601, the support inner ring 601 is connected with the base 7, the chuck assembly is arranged on the support outer ring 602, and the support outer ring 602 rotates under the action of a rotary driving mechanism. So that the chuck not only has a clamping function, but also can be applied to occasions where the workpiece has rotation requirements.

[0046] The rotary driving mechanism comprises a rotary motor 501, a rotary speed reducer 502 and a rotary gear 503, an outer circumferential surface of the support outer ring 602 is provided with a support gear ring 6021 engaged with the rotary gear 503, and the rotary gear 503 is arranged on an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer 502. The rotary motor 501 and the rotary speed reducer 502 are arranged on the base 7, and an output shaft of the rotary motor 501 is connected with an input shaft of the rotary speed reducer 502. When the workpiece needs to rotate, power is provided through the rotary motor 501 to drive the rotary gear 503 to rotate, the support gear ring 6021 rotates accordingly, the rotation of the support outer ring 602 of the rotary support 6 is realized, and the rotation of the chuck assembly and the workpiece clamped on the chuck assembly is driven.

[0047] The claw 202 is arranged on the sliding block 203, the adjusting nut 305 is connected with the sliding block 203, and the sliding block 203 can move in the claw slide 2012. The claw 202 can be mounted on the sliding block 203 through a fastener, the sliding block 203 cooperates with the claw seat 201, the sliding block 203 can be directly replaced after long-time use, maintenance is convenient, and the cost is low.

[0048] The anti-expansion dead assembly further comprises a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving gear 302 and a driven gear 303 engaged with the driving gear 302, the rotary air cylinder 301 is arranged on the claw seat 201 through an air cylinder mounting plate, a piston rod of the rotary air cylinder 301 is connected with a wheel shaft of the driving gear 302, and the driven gear 303 is arranged on the adjusting screw rod 304. The rotary air cylinder 301 can directly drive the adjusting screw rod 304, of course, the rotary air cylinder 301 can also be connected with the adjusting screw rod 304 through the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism is arranged on one side to realize power transmission, is convenient to drive, is convenient to debug, and is convenient for installation and positioning of the rotary air cylinder 301.

[0049] The clutch 404 comprises a clutch main shaft 4041, a clutch driving end 4042 and a clutch driven end 4043, the clutch driving end 4042 is connected with the clutch main shaft 4041 through a sliding key, the clutch driven end 4043 is rotatably sleeved on the clutch main shaft 4041 and connected with the clamping gear 403, and the clamping gear 403 is rotatably arranged on the clutch main shaft 4041. The clamping gear 403 can be connected with the clutch main shaft 4041 through a bearing or a shaft sleeve.

[0050] The clutch 404 can be an electromagnetic clutch.

[0051] As shown in Figures 1-7 The present application also relates to a use method of the electric chuck, and the steps are as follows:

[0052] 1) The clutch 404 of the clamping driving mechanism is powered and attracted, the clutch 404 connects the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403, the clamping motor 401 of the clamping driving mechanism is actuated, the clamping gear 403 of the clamping driving mechanism drives the chuck wire 102 of the chuck assembly to rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide 1011 in the radial direction towards the center to clamp the workpiece;

[0053] 2) The claw 202 clamps the workpiece, the clutch 404 is powered off to cut off the power transmission between the clamping gear 403 of the clamping driving mechanism and the clamping speed reducer 402, and then the workpiece is subjected to corresponding working operation;

[0054] 3) After the workpiece is processed, the rotary air cylinder 301 rotates to drive the claw 202 to move away from the center relative to the claw seat 201, and the workpiece is loosened by the claw 202 moving backward in advance; the clutch 404 is powered and attracted, the clamping motor 401 is reversely actuated, the clamping gear 403 drives the chuck wire 102 to reversely rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide 1011 in the radial direction away from the center to loosen the workpiece;

[0055] 4) After the workpiece is taken out, the rotary air cylinder 301 of the anti-expansion assembly rotates, the claw 202 resets, and the next workpiece is waited.

[0056] In step 2) above, when the workpiece needs to rotate during the machining operation, after the clutch 404 is de-energized, the rotary motor 501 of the rotary drive mechanism actuates, and the rotary gear 503 drives the outer ring 602 of the slewing support 6 to rotate. The chuck assembly rotates accordingly, and the workpiece clamped on the jaw assembly rotates accordingly. During the machining process, if the clamped workpiece still needs to rotate, the power transmission between the clamping reducer 402 and the clamping gear 403 can be cut off by the clutch 404 after the workpiece is clamped, avoiding interference with the rotary drive mechanism's rotational drive of the workpiece. The chuck not only adds the slewing support 6 and the rotary drive mechanism, making it applicable to situations where the workpiece needs to rotate; but also makes full use of the clutch 404 of the clamping drive mechanism to avoid interference with the rotation of the chuck assembly.

[0057] When workpiece clamping is required, clutch 404 is energized and engaged, and the clutch driving end 4042 and clutch driven end 4043 become an integral structure. Clamping motor 401 drives clamping reducer 402 to rotate, which in turn drives clamping gear 403 mounted on clutch spindle 4041 to rotate. The chuck assembly and anti-gear assembly move radially along chuck slide 1011 to clamp the workpiece under the drive of chuck screw 102. When clamping motor 401 reaches the preset torque, it indicates that chuck 202 has clamped the workpiece, clamping motor 401 stops rotating, clutch 404 is de-energized, and clutch driven end 4043 separates from clutch driving end 4042. Clutch driven end 4043 can passively rotate around clutch spindle 4041 under external force. During passive rotation, clamping motor 401 does not bear external force. When workpiece needs to be rotated, rotary motor 501 drives rotary reducer 502 and rotary gear 503 to rotate, further driving the workpiece. The outer ring 602 of the slewing support 6 rotates, thereby causing the chuck assembly mounted on the outer ring 602 of the slewing support 6 to rotate. When it is necessary to release the workpiece, the rotary cylinder 301 on the anti-gap assembly rotates clockwise. If it rotates 360°, the drive gear 302 mounted on the rotary cylinder 301 drives the adjusting screw 304 to rotate clockwise through the driven gear 303. At the same time, the adjusting screw 304 converts the rotation into the axial movement of the adjusting nut 305 through the thread, thereby pulling the sliding block 203 and the chuck 202 to move backward, pre-releasing the workpiece. After the rotary cylinder 301 moves to the position, the clutch 404 is energized and engaged. The clamping motor 401 drives the clamping reducer 402 to rotate, further driving the clamping gear 403 mounted on the clutch 404 to rotate. The chuck assembly and the anti-gap assembly move radially along the chuck slide 1011 under the drive of the chuck screw 102 to release the workpiece.

[0058] The present application pre-loosens the workpiece through the anti-swelling assembly after the workpiece clamped is processed, releases the thermal deformation of the workpiece in advance, effectively improves the problem that the chuck cannot loosen the workpiece after the workpiece is deformed due to heat, avoids the overload phenomenon of the driving motor when loosening the workpiece, greatly improves the stability of the chuck during use and prolongs the service life of the chuck, in addition, the electric chuck is simple to operate, can effectively improve the overall welding operation efficiency of the workpiece, and is suitable for large batch continuous welding operation.

[0059] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An electrodynamic chuck comprising a base (7) and a chuck assembly arranged on the base (7), characterized in that The chuck assembly comprises a chuck base (101) and three chuck claw assemblies arranged on the chuck base (101) and capable of radial feeding, and the chuck base (101) is provided with a chuck sliding channel (1011) for the radial movement of the chuck claw assemblies; The chuck claw assembly comprises a chuck claw base (201) and a chuck claw (202) arranged on the chuck claw base (201), the chuck claw (202) is arranged on the chuck claw base (201) through an anti-swelling assembly, the chuck claw base (201) is provided with a chuck claw sliding channel (2012) for the radial movement of the chuck claw (202), and the chuck claw (202) is capable of radial movement along the chuck claw sliding channel (2012) under the action of the anti-swelling assembly; The anti-swelling assembly comprises an adjusting screw (304), an adjusting nut (305) and a rotary air cylinder (301) for driving the rotation of the adjusting screw (304), the adjusting nut (305) is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw (304), the adjusting screw (304) is rotationally arranged on the chuck claw base (201), and the adjusting nut (305) is connected with the chuck claw (202); The anti-swelling assembly further comprises a transmission mechanism, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving gear (302) and a driven gear (303) engaged with the driving gear (302), the rotary air cylinder (301) is arranged on the chuck claw base (201) through an air cylinder mounting plate, a piston rod of the rotary air cylinder (301) is connected with a wheel shaft of the driving gear (302), and the driven gear (303) is arranged on the adjusting screw (304).

2. The electrodynamic chuck of claim 1, wherein, The chuck assembly further comprises a chuck mounting plate (103), a chuck disc thread (102) and a clamping driving mechanism for driving the rotation of the chuck disc thread (102), the chuck base (101) is arranged on the chuck mounting plate (103), the chuck disc thread (102) is rotationally arranged between the chuck mounting plate (103) and the chuck base (101), an upper surface of the chuck disc thread (102) is provided with a flat thread (1021), a bottom of the chuck claw base (201) is provided with a threaded groove (2011) matched with the flat thread (1021), and the chuck disc thread (102) rotates under the action of the clamping driving mechanism.

3. The electrodynamic chuck of claim 2, wherein, The clamping driving mechanism comprises a clamping motor (401), a clamping speed reducer (402) and a clamping gear (403), the chuck disc thread (102) is provided with a disc thread gear ring (1022) engaged with the clamping gear (403), and the clamping driving mechanism further comprises a clutch (404) arranged between the clamping speed reducer (402) and the clamping gear (403), and the clutch (404) is used for cutting off or engaging the power transmission between the clamping speed reducer (402) and the clamping gear (403).

4. The electrodynamic chuck of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The chuck assembly is arranged on the base (7) through a rotary support (6), the rotary support (6) comprises a support inner ring (601) and a support outer ring (602) arranged outside the support inner ring (601), the support inner ring (601) is connected with the base (7), the chuck assembly is arranged on the support outer ring (602), and the support outer ring (602) rotates under the action of a rotary driving mechanism.

5. The electrodynamic chuck of claim 4, wherein, The rotary driving mechanism comprises a rotary motor (501), a rotary speed reducer (502) and a rotary gear (503), the support outer ring (602) is provided with a support gear ring (6021) engaged with the rotary gear (503), and the rotary gear (503) is arranged on an output shaft of the rotary speed reducer (502).

6. The electrodynamic chuck of claim 2, wherein, The claw (202) is arranged on a sliding block (203), the adjusting nut (305) is connected with the sliding block (203), and the sliding block (203) can move in the claw slide (2012).

7. A method of using an electrodynamic chuck, characterized by, The electric chuck comprises the electric chuck according to any one of claims 2-6, and the steps are as follows: 1) the clutch (404) of the clamping driving mechanism is energized and attracted, the clutch (404) of the clamping driving mechanism is connected with power transmission between the clamping speed reducer (402) of the clamping driving mechanism and the clamping gear (403) of the clamping driving mechanism, the clamping motor (401) of the clamping driving mechanism is driven, the clamping gear (403) of the clamping driving mechanism drives the chuck wire (102) of the chuck assembly to rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide (1011) to the center direction and clamps the workpiece; 2) after the claw (202) clamps the workpiece, the clutch (404) is de-energized, the power transmission between the clamping gear (403) of the clamping driving mechanism and the clamping speed reducer (402) of the clamping driving mechanism is cut off, and then the workpiece is processed; 3) after the workpiece is processed, the rotary cylinder (301) rotates, drives the claw (202) to move away from the center direction relative to the claw seat (201), and the workpiece is loosened by the claw (202) moving backward in advance; the clutch (404) is energized and attracted, the clamping motor (401) is reversely driven, the clamping gear (403) drives the chuck wire (102) to reversely rotate, and the claw assembly moves along the chuck slide (1011) to the direction away from the center and loosens the workpiece; 4) after the workpiece is removed, the rotary cylinder (301) rotates, the claw (202) is reset, and the next workpiece is waited.

8. The method of using an electrodynamic chuck of claim 7, wherein, In step 2), during the machining operation, when the clamped workpiece needs to rotate, after the clutch (404) is de-energized, the rotary motor (501) of the rotary driving mechanism for driving the chuck assembly to rotate is driven, the rotary gear (503) of the rotary driving mechanism drives the rotary support (6) to rotate, and the chuck assembly rotates, and the workpiece clamped between the claw assemblies rotates.

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