Tunnel exit construction device and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the field of tunnel construction, and particularly discloses a tunnel hole construction device and a construction method thereof, which comprises a pipe shed assembly, a formwork assembly and a first supporting assembly; the first supporting assembly comprises an inclined insertion hole, a pointed steel pipe and a temporary steel frame, the inclined insertion hole is arranged above a tunnel face of a tunnel, the pointed steel pipe is inserted into the inclined insertion hole, a plurality of slurry outlets are arranged on the outer wall of the pointed steel pipe, the pointed steel pipe can be arranged on the temporary steel frame, and the temporary steel frame is arranged on the ground of the tunnel; the pipe shed assembly comprises a pipe shed steel pipe, the end of the pipe shed steel pipe can be arranged on the temporary steel frame, the formwork assembly comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped formworks, and the plurality of sheet-shaped formworks can be combined into an arc-shaped formwork. Therefore, the application aims to solve the technical problem of how to ensure the stability of surrounding rock.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tunnel construction, and discloses a tunnel exit construction device and a construction method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of China's economy and society, the transportation infrastructure construction such as highway and railway has ushered in a new development peak. Highway tunnels are increasing, and construction safety is extremely important, especially when exiting the tunnel, the safety risk is the highest. The conventional tunnel exit method has poor safety, and the small pilot hole method is mostly used, but it has more excavation steps and a longer construction period.

[0003] Therefore, the use of a pipe shed for support and the adoption of a bench method for exiting the tunnel are considered, which simplifies the construction steps, reduces the construction process, reduces the disturbance to the soil and surrounding rock, and ensures the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock under the premise of ensuring construction safety. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the present application provides a tunnel exit construction device and a construction method thereof to solve the technical problem of how to ensure the stability of the soil and surrounding rock.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A tunnel exit construction device comprises a pipe shed assembly, a formwork assembly and a first support assembly; the first support assembly comprises an inclined hole, a pointed steel pipe and a temporary steel frame, the inclined hole is arranged above the tunnel face, the pointed steel pipe is inserted into the inclined hole, a plurality of slurry outlets are arranged on the outer wall of the pointed steel pipe, the pointed steel pipe can be arranged on the temporary steel frame, and the temporary steel frame is arranged on the ground of the tunnel; the pipe shed assembly comprises a pipe shed steel pipe, the end of the pipe shed steel pipe can be arranged on the temporary steel frame, the formwork assembly comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped formworks, and the plurality of sheet-shaped formworks can be combined into an arc-shaped formwork. In the present application, the pointed steel pipe and the pipe shed steel pipe are arranged, the pipe shed steel pipe is arranged below the pointed steel pipe, the pipe shed steel pipe can support the soil and rock layers of the pointed steel pipe, and the entire pipe shed steel pipe can provide upper shielding support for tunnel excavation, so that even if the soil layer above the tunnel collapses, it will not fall into the construction area, ensuring construction safety.

[0007] Optionally, the end of the pointed steel pipe is fixedly provided with a fixed joint, and a movable joint is movably arranged on the fixed joint, the movable joint comprises two fixed hoops and a first fixing seat, the fixed hoops are in the form of an incomplete ring, a horizontal sliding groove is arranged on the first fixing seat, the bottom of the fixed hoop is horizontally slidably arranged in the horizontal sliding groove, a mounting shaft is horizontally arranged on the fixed hoop, a plurality of mounting clamping teeth are arranged on the mounting shaft, a mounting hole is arranged on the fixed joint, a mounting tooth groove is arranged in the inside of the mounting hole, and the mounting clamping teeth can be matched with the mounting tooth groove. By adopting the scheme, since the pointed steel pipe is inserted at a certain inclination angle, the rear end of the pointed steel pipe cannot be aligned with the first mounting seat on the temporary steel frame, therefore, the first fixing seat and the movable joint are arranged on the pointed steel pipe, the movable joint can drive the first fixing seat to rotate to adjust the position of the first fixing seat, so that the first fixing seat can be in a horizontal state and is convenient to be mounted on the first mounting seat.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of first mounting seats and second mounting seats are arranged on the temporary steel frame, the first mounting seat can be connected with the first fixing seat, and the second mounting seat can be used for fixing the pipe shed steel pipe.

[0009] Optionally, the pipe shed assembly further comprises a shielding piece, the longitudinal section of the shielding piece is in the form of an incomplete ring, vertical pieces are vertically arranged on the two sides of the shielding piece, an arc-shaped piece is arranged at the bottom of the vertical piece, the upper end of the pipe shed steel pipe is provided with an insertion groove for the vertical piece to be inserted, the arc-shaped piece can be attached to the inner wall of the pipe shed steel pipe, and the shielding piece can be connected with adjacent two pipe shed steel pipes. By adopting the scheme, the shielding piece can connect adjacent pipe shed steel pipes together, and the shielding piece can also play the roles of shielding and force bearing.

[0010] Optionally, the bottom of the pipe shed steel pipe is provided with a second fixing seat, and the second fixing seat can be connected with the second mounting seat.

[0011] Optionally, the temporary steel frame comprises a first steel frame layer and a second steel frame layer, the position of the first steel frame layer is higher than that of the second steel frame layer, the first mounting seat is arranged on the first steel frame layer, and the second mounting seat is arranged on the second steel frame layer.

[0012] Optionally, the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1, spraying concrete to close the working face, and erecting a temporary steel frame at the working face;

[0014] S2, installing guide steel pipes above the working face, the number, circumferential spacing and external insertion angle of the guide steel pipes are the same as those of the pipe shed steel pipes, and then spraying concrete to close the working face;

[0015] S3, drill a hole above the tunnel to form an inclined hole, then insert a pointed steel pipe into the inclined hole, the inclined hole is above the guide steel pipe, the inclined holes are arranged around the whole tunnel, adjust the position of the fixing hoop on the pointed steel pipe to ensure that the fixing hoop is in a vertical state and the first fixing seat at the bottom of the fixing hoop is installed on the first mounting seat, then push the fixing hoop inward to make the mounting teeth match the mounting slot;

[0016] S4, insert a pipe shed steel pipe into the guide steel pipe, and then insert a shielding piece into the upper part of the pipe shed steel pipe;

[0017] S5, remove the soil in the pointed steel pipe, and then pour cement mortar into it, the grouting pressure is between 0.5MPa and 2MPa.

[0018] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present scheme are:

[0019] In the present scheme, the pipe shed construction method is applied to the tunnel exit construction, and the pipe shed steel pipe is arranged above the tunnel during the process. In order to improve the reinforcement and anti-collapse effect, a shielding piece is also added. The shielding piece not only blocks falling soil and rocks, but also improves the stress performance of the whole pipe shed. In the present scheme, an inclined hole and a pointed steel pipe are provided. After the pointed steel pipe is inserted into the inclined hole, cement mortar can be poured into the pointed steel pipe. The cement mortar flows out of the grouting hole of the pointed steel pipe and grouts and reinforces the surrounding soil and rock layers, preventing the soil and rock layers above the tunnel from collapsing during the tunnel exit construction process. After grouting and reinforcement, the soil and rock layers above the pipe shed form a whole, which is then supported by the pipe shed, further preventing the soil and rock layers from collapsing or falling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0021] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the temporary steel frame and the pointed steel pipe;

[0022] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the fixed joint and the movable joint;

[0023] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the mounting hole;

[0024] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the pipe shed steel pipe;

[0025] Figure 6 The front view of the pipe shed steel pipe and the shielding piece.

[0026] The marks in the drawings are as follows: temporary steel frame 1, first mounting seat 2, second mounting seat 3, first steel frame layer 4, second steel frame layer 5, pointed steel pipe 6, movable joint 7, first mounting hole 8, second mounting hole 9, fixing hoop 10, first fixing seat 11, fixing joint 12, mounting shaft 13, mounting clamping tooth 14, horizontal sliding groove 15, mounting hole 16, mounting tooth groove 17, pipe shed steel pipe 18, shielding piece 19, sheet-shaped formwork 20, second fixing seat 21, vertical piece 22, arc-shaped piece 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Further details are described below through specific embodiments:

[0028] EMBODIMENT

[0029] A tunnel hole construction device, as shown in the drawings, comprises a pipe shed assembly, a formwork assembly and a first support assembly. Figures 1-6

[0030] The first support assembly comprises an inclined insertion hole, a pointed steel pipe 6 and a temporary steel frame 1. The temporary steel frame 1 is arranged at the tunnel face, and the temporary steel frame 1 is in the form of an incomplete ring as a whole, and the two sides of the temporary steel frame 1 are in the form of vertical. The temporary steel frame 1 comprises a first steel frame layer 4 and a second steel frame layer 5, both of which are in the form of an arch and are fixedly arranged on the two sides of the temporary steel frame 1, and the lower end of the temporary steel frame 1 is inserted into the soil layer for fixation. A plurality of first mounting holes 8 are uniformly arranged on the first steel frame layer 4 along the ring direction thereof, and a first mounting seat 2 can be fixed on the first mounting hole 8. A second mounting hole 9 is arranged on the second steel frame layer 5, and a second mounting seat 3 can be fixed in the second mounting hole 9.

[0031] The inclined insertion hole is arranged above the tunnel face, the pointed steel pipe 6 is inserted into the inclined insertion hole, and a plurality of slurry outlets are arranged on the outer wall of the pointed steel pipe 6. The pointed steel pipe 6 can be arranged on the temporary steel frame 1, the tail end of the pointed steel pipe 6 is fixedly provided with a fixing joint 12, and a movable joint 7 is movably arranged on the fixing joint 12. The fixing joint 12 is in the form of a rectangle as a whole, two fixing joints 12 are distributed on the two sides of the pointed steel pipe 6, a mounting hole 16 is arranged on the side of the fixing joint 12 away from the pointed steel pipe 6, and a mounting tooth groove 17 is arranged inside the mounting hole 16. The movable joint 7 comprises two fixing hoops 10 and a first fixing seat 11, and the first fixing seat 11 can be fixedly arranged on the first mounting seat 2. The fixing hoop 10 is in the form of an incomplete ring, the first fixing seat 11 is provided with a horizontal sliding groove 15, the bottom of the fixing hoop 10 is horizontally arranged in the horizontal sliding groove 15, a mounting shaft 13 is horizontally arranged on the fixing hoop 10, a plurality of mounting clamping teeth 14 are arranged on the mounting shaft 13, and the mounting clamping teeth 14 can be matched with the mounting tooth groove 17.

[0032] ​The pipe shed assembly comprises the pipe shed steel pipe 18, the guide steel pipe and the shielding piece 19, the guide steel pipe is arranged on the temporary steel frame 1. The longitudinal section of the shielding piece 19 is in the form of an incomplete ring, vertical pieces 22 are vertically arranged on both sides of the shielding piece 19, the bottom of the vertical piece 22 is provided with an arc-shaped piece 23, the upper end of the pipe shed steel pipe 18 is provided with an insertion slot for inserting the vertical piece 22, the arc-shaped piece 23 can be attached to the inner wall of the pipe shed steel pipe 18, and the shielding piece 19 can be connected to two adjacent pipe shed steel pipes 18. Two shielding pieces 19 can be arranged in one insertion slot. The bottom of the pipe shed steel pipe 18 is provided with a second fixing seat 21, and the second fixing seat 21 can be connected to the second mounting seat 3.

[0033] The template assembly comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped templates 20, and the plurality of sheet-shaped templates 20 can be combined into an arc-shaped template.

[0034] The construction method of the tunnel hole construction device comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, spraying concrete to close the working face, and erecting a temporary steel frame 1 at the working face;

[0036] S2, installing guide steel pipes above the working face, the number, circumferential spacing and outer insertion angle of the guide steel pipes being the same as the design of the pipe shed steel pipe 18, then sealing the guide steel pipes with fiber cloth and spraying concrete to close the working face;

[0037] S3, drilling a hole above the working face to form an oblique insertion hole, then inserting a pointed end steel pipe 6 into the oblique insertion hole, the oblique insertion hole being arranged above the guide steel pipe and around the whole tunnel, adjusting the position of the fixing hoop 10 on the pointed end steel pipe 6 to ensure that the fixing hoop 10 is in a vertical state and that the first fixing seat 11 at the bottom of the fixing hoop 10 is mounted to the first mounting seat 2, then pushing the fixing hoop 10 inward to make the mounting clamping teeth 14 cooperate with the mounting clamping slot;

[0038] S4, inserting the pipe shed steel pipe 18 into the guide steel pipe, and then inserting the shielding piece 19 into the upper part of the pipe shed steel pipe 18; the distribution area of the guide pipe is smaller than that of the pointed end steel pipe 6, and the guide pipe is only distributed above the middle part of the tunnel, and is not required to be arranged on both sides of the tunnel;

[0039] S5, horizontally inserting a sheet-shaped template 20 into the tunnel soil layer, the sheet-shaped template 20 being located between the pointed end steel pipe 6 and the pipe shed steel pipe 18;

[0040] S6, removing the soil in the pointed end steel pipe 6, and pouring quick-drying cement into the gap between the pointed end steel pipe 6 and the oblique insertion hole, the quick-drying cement only sealing part of the position in front of the oblique insertion hole, then pouring cement mortar into the pointed end steel pipe 6, the grouting pressure being between 0.5MPa and 2MPa.

[0041] The pipe shed construction and the temporary support construction are combined in the embodiment to improve the stability of the soil surrounding rock in the tunnel construction, and then the tunnel can be out of the hole by using the bench method. Specifically, first, a guide steel pipe is installed at the working face, the guide steel pipe provides positioning and guidance for the advancement of the pipe shed steel pipe 18, and then a guide wall is formed by spraying concrete at the working face to facilitate the stability of the working face in subsequent construction. Then, a slanting insertion hole is drilled at the working face, the slanting insertion hole can insert the pointed steel pipe 6, the pointed steel pipe 6 is used to inject cement mortar to reinforce the soil layer near the pointed steel pipe 6 to form a temporary support of cement, soil layer and rock layer as a whole, and when the cement, soil layer and rock layer form a whole, the stability is increased and the risk of soil collapse is reduced. In the embodiment, the grouting pressure can be adjusted according to the actual situation on site, and the grouting pressure and the grouting amount should not be too much, so as to reduce the volume and quality of the whole temporary support, reduce the bearing pressure of the pipe shed steel pipe 18, and ensure the safety of the whole tunnel temporary support and the pipe shed system. The cement mortar in the pointed steel pipe 6 is injected before the pipe shed steel pipe 18 advancement construction, and the pipe shed steel pipe 18 is also provided with a shielding piece 19, the shielding piece 19 is used to connect two adjacent pipe shed steel pipes 18 and provide shielding and pressure bearing function for the upper part of the pipe shed steel pipe 18, and the pipe shed steel pipe 18 and the shielding piece 19 form the structure of the shed. After the shielding piece 19 provides a certain supporting function, the arrangement spacing of the pipe shed steel pipe 18 can be appropriately increased, and the arrangement quantity can be appropriately reduced, so that the whole construction period and cost are reduced. In the embodiment, in order to provide more supporting function, the first mounting seat 2 and the second mounting seat 3 are arranged on the temporary steel frame 1, and the first mounting seat 2 and the second mounting seat 3 can be arranged in the corresponding first mounting hole 8 or second mounting hole 9 according to the actual situation on site. The second fixing seat 21 on the pipe shed steel pipe 18 is horizontally inserted, so it is relatively easy to install the second fixing seat 21 on the second mounting seat 3, but the pointed steel pipe 6 is inserted obliquely and arranged in a ring shape, so the first fixing seat 11 on the pointed steel pipe 6 needs to be adjusted in position by using the rotating fixing hoop 10, and after the position is adjusted, the fixing hoop 10 is slid inward to completely insert the mounting shaft 13 into the mounting hole 16 to complete the fixing, at this time the first fixing seat 11 can be connected with the first mounting seat 2.

[0042] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the specific structure and characteristics of the scheme are not described in detail. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should be considered as the protection scope of the present application, which will not affect the effect and practicability of the present application.

Claims

1. A tunnel exit construction device, characterized in that: The system includes a pipe roof assembly, a template assembly, and a first support assembly. The first support assembly includes inclined insertion holes, pointed steel pipes, and a temporary steel frame. The inclined insertion holes are located above the tunnel face, and the pointed steel pipes are inserted into these holes. The outer wall of the pointed steel pipes has several grout outlet holes. The pointed steel pipes can be mounted on the temporary steel frame, which is located on the tunnel surface. The pipe roof assembly includes pipe roof steel pipes, the ends of which are mounted on the temporary steel frame. The template assembly includes several sheet-like templates, which can be assembled into a single unit. An arc-shaped template; a fixed joint is fixedly provided at the end of the pointed steel pipe, and a movable joint is movably provided on the fixed joint. The movable joint includes two fixed hoops and a first fixed seat. The fixed hoops are incompletely annular. A horizontal sliding groove is provided on the first fixed seat. The bottom of the fixed hoop is horizontally slidably provided in the horizontal sliding groove. An installation shaft is horizontally provided on the fixed hoop. Several installation teeth are provided on the installation shaft. An installation hole is provided on the fixed joint. An installation tooth groove is provided inside the installation hole. The installation teeth can cooperate with the installation tooth groove.

2. The tunnel exit construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary steel frame is provided with a number of first mounting seats and second mounting seats. The first mounting seats can be connected to the first fixed seats, and the second mounting seats can be used to fix the steel pipes of the pipe shed.

3. The tunnel exit construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pipe shed assembly also includes a shielding plate, the longitudinal section of which is not completely annular, vertical plates are vertically arranged on both sides of the shielding plate, and an arc-shaped plate is arranged at the bottom of the vertical plates. An insertion groove is provided at the upper end of the pipe shed steel pipe for inserting the vertical plates. The arc-shaped plate can fit against the inner wall of the pipe shed steel pipe, and the shielding plate can connect two adjacent pipe shed steel pipes.

4. The tunnel exit construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the steel pipe of the pipe shed is provided with a second fixing seat, which can be connected to the second mounting seat.

5. The tunnel exit construction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The temporary steel frame includes a first steel frame layer and a second steel frame layer. The first steel frame layer is positioned higher than the second steel frame layer. The first mounting base is disposed on the first steel frame layer, and the second mounting base is disposed on the second steel frame layer.

6. The construction method of the tunnel exit construction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the face of the tunnel is sealed with shotcrete, and a temporary steel frame is erected at the face of the tunnel. S2, install guide steel pipes above the working face. The number, circumferential spacing and external insertion angle of the guide steel pipes are the same as the design of the pipe roof steel pipes. Then, spray concrete to seal the working face. S3, Drill a hole above the tunnel to form an oblique insertion hole, and then insert the tip steel pipe into the oblique insertion hole. The oblique insertion hole is located above the guide steel pipe. The oblique insertion holes are arranged around the entire tunnel. Adjust the position of the fixing hoop on the tip steel pipe to ensure that the fixing hoop is in a vertical state and install the first fixing seat at its bottom onto the first mounting seat. Then push the fixing hoop inward to make the mounting teeth engage with the mounting slot. S4, insert the pipe roof steel pipe into the guide steel pipe, and then insert the shielding plate into the upper part of the pipe roof steel pipe; S5. Remove the soil from the pointed steel pipe and then inject cement mortar into it at a pressure between 0.5MPa and 2MPa.

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