Portal and heading machine portal construction method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building construction, and discloses a door hole and a construction method for a heading machine to enter and exit a hole. The door hole comprises an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is fixed on a reinforcement cage of an underground continuous wall, and the axial direction of the outer sleeve is arranged at an angle with the extension direction of the underground continuous wall. Both ends of the outer sleeve are exposed to the reinforcement cage, and a heading channel is arranged in the outer sleeve and penetrates the outer sleeve along the axial direction of the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve is arranged in the outer sleeve and is used for plugging the heading channel. The inner sleeve is detachably connected with the outer sleeve. The concrete of the underground continuous wall covers the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The door hole is preset on the underground continuous wall. Before the heading machine enters and exits the hole, the inner sleeve is removed, and the heading machine enters and exits the hole through the heading channel in the outer sleeve. Compared with the prior art, the door hole can quickly break the door hole when entering and exiting the hole, improves the construction efficiency, and reduces the safety risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction technology, and in particular to a method for constructing doorways and tunneling machine entry and exit. Background Technology

[0002] One of the high-risk control points in tunnel construction is the entry and exit of the tunnel boring machine (TBM). When the TBM enters or exits the tunnel, an exit portal needs to be constructed on the retaining structure (usually a diaphragm wall). Conventional portal removal methods involve a combination of manual and mechanical methods to chisel away the retaining structure, which is the longest and riskiest. Other methods include directly cutting concrete portals and using fiberglass reinforcement, but grinding concrete is less efficient and also time-consuming. Directional blasting portals are also an option, but they cannot be used in urban areas and cause significant smoke and dust pollution. Furthermore, the longer the portal removal process takes, the greater the risk of water and sand inrush.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a construction method for the portal and tunnel boring machine to enter and exit the tunnel in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing tunnel entrances and tunnel boring machines, enabling rapid tunnel entrance removal, improving construction efficiency, and reducing safety risks.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] Doorway, including:

[0007] An outer sleeve is fixed on the steel cage of the diaphragm wall. The axial direction of the outer sleeve is set at an angle to the extension direction of the diaphragm wall. Both ends of the outer sleeve are exposed outside the steel cage. A tunneling channel is provided inside the outer sleeve along the axial direction of the outer sleeve.

[0008] An inner sleeve is disposed inside the outer sleeve and is used to block the tunneling passage. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are detachably connected.

[0009] The concrete of the diaphragm wall covers the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are coaxially arranged, and the two end faces of the inner sleeve and the two end faces of the outer sleeve are coplanar.

[0011] Preferably, the device further includes a plurality of first connecting components, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve. Each first connecting component includes a plurality of first connecting members spaced apart axially along the inner sleeve, and the first connecting members connect the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the outer sleeve includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a first end plate. The first cylinder is disposed inside the second cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the second cylinder. The first end plate is disposed at one end of the outer sleeve away from the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall. The first end plate connects the first cylinder and the second cylinder to seal the gap between the first cylinder and the second cylinder. The first cylinder, the second cylinder, and the first end plate form a first handhole.

[0013] The inner sleeve includes a third cylinder, a fourth cylinder, and a second end plate. The third cylinder is detachably connected to the second cylinder. The fourth cylinder is disposed inside the third cylinder and is coaxially arranged with the third cylinder. The second end plate is disposed at the end of the inner sleeve away from the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall. The second end plate connects the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder to seal the gap between the third cylinder and the fourth cylinder. The third cylinder, the fourth cylinder, and the second end plate form a second handhole.

[0014] The first connector connects the second cylinder and the third cylinder, with one end of the first connector extending into the first hand hole and the other end extending into the second hand hole.

[0015] Preferably, the device also includes a disassembly connecting rod disposed in the second hand hole, one end of which is fixedly connected to the third cylinder and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the fourth cylinder, and the disassembly connecting rod is spaced apart from the second end plate.

[0016] Preferably, the system further includes a first sealing plate disposed at one end of the inner sleeve near the pit-facing side of the diaphragm wall. The first sealing plate connects the first cylinder and the fourth cylinder to seal the first handhole and the second handhole.

[0017] Preferably, the first sealing plate is welded and fixed to the first cylinder and the fourth cylinder.

[0018] Preferably, the outer sleeve further includes a first connecting plate, which is disposed at one end of the first cylinder near the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall and perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer sleeve. The first connecting plate surrounds the axis of the outer sleeve and extends toward the second cylinder.

[0019] The inner sleeve also includes a second connecting plate; the second connecting plate is disposed at one end of the fourth cylinder near the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner sleeve; the second connecting plate surrounds the axis of the inner sleeve and extends towards the third cylinder.

[0020] Both the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are detachably connected to the first sealing plate.

[0021] Preferably, the system further includes a second connecting assembly and a third connecting assembly. The second connecting assembly includes a plurality of second connecting members spaced apart circumferentially along the outer sleeve, the second connecting members connecting the first connecting plate and the first sealing plate. The third connecting assembly includes a plurality of third connecting members spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve, the third connecting members connecting the second connecting plate and the first sealing plate.

[0022] The method for tunnel boring machine (TBM) entry and exit, using any of the aforementioned portal openings, includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Fix the doorway to the steel cage, and place the steel cage with the doorway fixed on it into the underground continuous wall foundation pit;

[0024] S2. Pour concrete into the underground continuous wall foundation pit, and the concrete covers the doorway;

[0025] S3. Excavate the working shaft, remove the concrete between the working shaft and the portal, remove the inner sleeve, and remove the remaining concrete of the underground continuous wall in the direction of the tunnel extension.

[0026] S4. The tunneling machine enters the tunneling channel on the outer sleeve.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] The present invention relates to a method for constructing a tunnel entrance and tunnel boring machine (TBM) through a portal. An outer sleeve is fixed to the reinforcing cage of a diaphragm wall, and an inner sleeve is installed inside the outer sleeve to seal the tunneling passage. The concrete of the diaphragm wall encapsulates both the outer and inner sleeves, ensuring a secure connection between the portal and the diaphragm wall and preventing water seepage. When the TBM needs to enter or exit the tunnel, the concrete between the working shaft and the portal is removed. Since both ends of the outer sleeve are exposed above the reinforcing cage, the reinforcing bars of the cage are not encountered during this process. The inner sleeve, detachably connected to the outer sleeve, is then removed. Finally, the remaining concrete of the diaphragm wall in the direction of the tunneling passage is removed, allowing the TBM to enter and exit the tunnel. The entire process of opening the tunnel only requires removing a small amount of concrete at the portal and dismantling the inner sleeve. The workload is minimal, and the opening speed is fast. Compared to existing technologies, the portal in this embodiment allows for rapid breaching of the tunnel entrance, improving construction efficiency and effectively reducing the time required for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to enter and exit the tunnel. This reduces the safety risks of water and sand inrush during TBM operations. Furthermore, it has fewer construction restrictions, allowing TBM entry and exit operations even in urban areas. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0034] Figure 6 These are flowcharts of the tunnel boring machine entry and exit construction methods provided in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0037] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the doorway provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is installed on a diaphragm wall. Figure 3 ;

[0040] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0041] In the picture:

[0042] 1. Outer sleeve; 11. First cylinder; 12. Second cylinder; 13. First end plate; 14. First connecting plate;

[0043] 2. Inner sleeve; 21. Third cylinder; 22. Fourth cylinder; 23. Second end plate; 24. Second connecting plate; 25. Second sealing plate;

[0044] 3. First sealing plate;

[0045] 41. First connector;

[0046] 6. First sealing element;

[0047] 71. Second connector;

[0048] 81. Third connector;

[0049] 9. Second sealing element;

[0050] 10. First handhole; 20. Second handhole;

[0051] 100. Diaphragm wall; 101. Reinforcing cage. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, and not all of the structures.

[0053] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a portal for small-diameter pipe jacking tunnels. The portal includes an outer sleeve 1 and an inner sleeve 2. The outer sleeve 1 is fixed to the reinforcing cage 101 of the diaphragm wall 100. The axial direction of the outer sleeve 1 forms an angle with the extension direction of the diaphragm wall 100. Both ends of the outer sleeve 1 are exposed outside the reinforcing cage 101. A tunneling channel is provided inside the outer sleeve 1, extending through the outer sleeve 1 along its axial direction. The inner sleeve 2 is disposed inside the outer sleeve 1 and is used to seal the tunneling channel. The inner sleeve 2 is detachably connected to the outer sleeve 1.

[0058] In this embodiment, the outer sleeve 1 is fixed to the reinforcing cage 101 of the diaphragm wall 100, and the inner sleeve 2 is installed inside the outer sleeve 1 to seal the tunneling passage. The concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 covers both the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2, thus ensuring a firm connection between the tunneling passage and the diaphragm wall 100 and providing a good seal at the tunnel opening, preventing water seepage. When the tunneling machine needs to enter or exit the tunnel, the concrete between the working shaft and the tunneling passage is removed. Since both ends of the outer sleeve 1 are exposed outside the reinforcing cage 101, the reinforcing bars of the reinforcing cage 101 are not encountered when removing the concrete between the working shaft and the tunneling passage. Then, the inner sleeve 2, which is detachably connected to the outer sleeve 1, is removed, and the remaining concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 in the direction of the tunneling passage is removed, allowing the tunneling machine to enter or exit the tunnel through the tunneling passage. The entire process of opening the tunnel only requires removing a small amount of concrete at the portal and dismantling the inner sleeve 2. The workload is minimal, and the opening speed is fast. Compared to existing technologies, the portal in this embodiment allows for rapid breaching of the tunnel entrance, improving construction efficiency and effectively reducing the time required for the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to enter and exit the tunnel. This reduces the safety risks of water and sand inrush during TBM operations. Furthermore, it has fewer construction restrictions, allowing TBM entry and exit operations even in urban areas.

[0059] Optionally, the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 are coaxially arranged, and the two end faces of the inner sleeve 2 are coplanar with the two end faces of the outer sleeve 1. This facilitates the concrete wrapping of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 during the construction of the diaphragm wall 100, and also facilitates the subsequent removal of the concrete between the detachable portal and the working shaft.

[0060] Optionally, the door opening provided in this embodiment further includes a plurality of first connecting components, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve 2. Each first connecting component includes a plurality of first connecting members 41 spaced apart axially along the inner sleeve 2. The first connecting members 41 connect the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first connecting member 41 includes bolts and nuts.

[0061] Furthermore, the outer sleeve 1 includes a first cylinder 11, a second cylinder 12, and a first end plate 13. The first cylinder 11 is disposed inside the second cylinder 12 and is coaxially disposed with the second cylinder 12. The first end plate 13 is disposed at one end of the outer sleeve 1 away from the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall 100. The first end plate 13 connects the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 to seal the gap between the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12. The first cylinder 11, the second cylinder 12, and the first end plate 13 surround and form a first handhole 10. The inner sleeve 2 includes a third cylinder 21, a fourth cylinder 22, and a second end plate 23. The third cylinder 21 is detachably connected to the second cylinder 12. The fourth cylinder 22 is disposed inside the third cylinder 21 and coaxially with it. The second end plate 23 is disposed at the end of the inner sleeve 2 away from the pit-facing side of the diaphragm wall 100. The second end plate 23 connects the third cylinder 21 and the fourth cylinder 22 to seal the gap between them. The third cylinder 21, the fourth cylinder 22, and the second end plate 23 form a second handhole 20. A first connector 41 connects the second cylinder 12 and the third cylinder 21. One end of the first connector 41 extends into the first handhole 10, and the other end extends into the second handhole 20. The first connector 41 can be installed and removed through the first handhole 10 and the second handhole 20, thereby enabling the installation and removal of the inner sleeve 1. The pit-facing side mentioned here refers to the side of the diaphragm wall 100 closest to the working shaft to be excavated.

[0062] Optionally, the doorway provided in this embodiment further includes a first sealing plate 3 disposed at one end of the inner sleeve 2 near the pit-facing side of the diaphragm wall 100. The first sealing plate 3 connects the first cylinder 11 and the fourth cylinder 22 to seal the first handhole 10 and the second handhole 20. By setting the first sealing plate 3, concrete is prevented from entering the first handhole 10 and the second handhole 20 during the concrete pouring of the diaphragm wall 100.

[0063] In this embodiment, the first sealing plate 3 is welded and fixed to the first cylinder 11 and the fourth cylinder 22. When disassembling the inner sleeve 2, the first sealing plate 3 needs to be cut first to open the first hand hole 10 and the second hand hole 20. It should be noted that the welding between the first sealing plate 3 and the first cylinder 11 must completely seal the gap between the first sealing plate 3 and the first cylinder 11, and the welding between the first sealing plate 3 and the fourth cylinder 22 must also completely seal the gap between the first sealing plate 3 and the fourth cylinder 22.

[0064] Optionally, the doorway provided in this embodiment further includes a disassembly connecting rod disposed within the second handhole 20. One end of the disassembly connecting rod is fixedly connected to the third cylinder 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fourth cylinder 22. The disassembly connecting rod is spaced apart from the second end plate 23. During the disassembly of the inner sleeve 2, after the first connecting assembly is disassembled, a cable is connected to the disassembly connecting rod to facilitate pulling the inner sleeve 2 out of the outer sleeve 1.

[0065] Optionally, the door opening provided in this embodiment further includes a first sealing element 6, which is sandwiched between the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2, and surrounds the inner sleeve 2. The first sealing element 6 is provided between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 to prevent water from passing through the gap between the inner sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 into the door opening, thereby improving the waterproof sealing effect at the door opening. In this embodiment, the first sealing element 6 is a sealing ring.

[0066] Furthermore, multiple first seals 6 are spaced apart along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1 to further improve the waterproof sealing effect at the door opening.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for tunneling machine entry and exit, characterized in that the tunneling machine enters and exits using the aforementioned portal, including the following steps:

[0068] Step S1: Fix the doorway to the reinforcing cage 101, and place the reinforcing cage 101 with the doorway fixed in place into the underground continuous wall foundation pit. Specifically, in this embodiment, the doorway is welded and fixed to the reinforcing cage 101.

[0069] Step S2: Pour concrete into the diaphragm wall foundation pit, covering the doorway with concrete. That is to say, the lengths of both the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are less than the thickness of the diaphragm wall 100. After the concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 is poured, there is a certain thickness of concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 at both ends of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2. In this embodiment, the concrete thickness of the diaphragm wall 100 at both ends of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 is 100mm.

[0070] Step S3: Excavate the working shaft, remove the concrete between the working shaft and the doorway, remove the inner sleeve 2, and remove the remaining concrete of the underground continuous wall 100 located in the direction of the tunnel extension.

[0071] Step S3 specifically includes:

[0072] Step S31: Excavate the working well and remove the soil from the end of the doorway near the working well to expose the doorway.

[0073] Step S32: Cut off the first sealing plate 3 to expose the first handhole 10 and the second handhole 20.

[0074] Step S32: Remove the first connecting assembly through the first hand hole 10 and the second hand hole 20, and pull the inner sleeve 2 out from the outer sleeve 1.

[0075] Step S4: The tunneling machine enters the tunneling channel on the outer casing 1, completing the tunneling machine's entry or exit from the tunnel. In this embodiment, the tunneling machine is a pipe jacking machine.

[0076] Optionally, step M, grouting into the soil near the portal opening, is included between steps S2 and S3. The specific grouting area can be selected according to the specific construction environment on site. Specifically, in this embodiment, the MJS method (Metro Jet System / High-Pressure Jet Grouting) is used to grout into the soil near the portal opening, and the soil near the portal openings on both sides of the diaphragm wall 100 is reinforced by grouting. The MJS method is existing technology in this field, and the specific construction method will not be described here. Preferably, the soil near the portal openings on both sides of the diaphragm wall 100 is reinforced by grouting. Grouting reinforcement further reduces the possibility of collapse and water / sand inrush during the excavation of the working shaft and the entry and exit of the tunnel boring machine.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] like Figures 7-12 As shown, this embodiment provides a portal for small-diameter pipe jacking tunnels. This portal is a further improvement on the portal in Embodiment 1. The difference between this portal and that in Embodiment 1 lies in the connection method between the first sealing plate 3 and the outer sleeve 1, and the inner sleeve 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer sleeve 1 further includes a first connecting plate 14. The first connecting plate 14 is located at the end of the first cylinder 11 near the pit-facing surface of the diaphragm wall 100, and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer sleeve 1. The first connecting plate 14 surrounds the axis of the outer sleeve 1 and extends towards the second cylinder 12. The inner sleeve 2 also includes a second connecting plate 24. The second connecting plate 24 is located at the end of the fourth cylinder 22 near the pit-facing surface of the diaphragm wall 100, and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner sleeve 2. The second connecting plate 24 surrounds the axis of the inner sleeve 2 and extends towards the third cylinder 21. Both the first connecting plate 14 and the second connecting plate 24 are detachably connected to the first sealing plate 3.

[0079] The doorway provided in this embodiment facilitates the installation and removal of the first sealing plate 3 by detachably connecting the first sealing plate 3 with the first connecting plate 14 and the second connecting plate 24, thereby further reducing the working time required for the tunneling machine to enter and exit the tunnel.

[0080] Furthermore, the door opening provided in this embodiment also includes a second connecting component and a third connecting component. The second connecting component includes a plurality of second connecting members 71 spaced apart circumferentially along the outer sleeve 1, which connect the first connecting plate 14 and the first sealing plate 3. The third connecting component includes a plurality of third connecting members 81 spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve 2, which connect the second connecting plate 24 and the first sealing plate 3. Specifically, in this embodiment, both the second connecting member 71 and the third connecting member 81 include bolts and rivet nuts. A plurality of rivet nuts are fixed on both the first connecting plate 14 and the second connecting plate 24. The bolts pass through the connecting holes on the first sealing plate 3 and are screwed into the rivet nuts on the first connecting plate 14, thereby connecting the first sealing plate 3 and the first connecting plate 14. Similarly, the bolts pass through the connecting holes on the first sealing plate 3 and are screwed into the rivet nuts on the second connecting plate 24, thereby connecting the first sealing plate 3 and the second connecting plate 24.

[0081] Optionally, the door opening provided in this embodiment further includes a second sealing element 9. The second sealing element 9 is sandwiched between the first sealing plate 3 and the first connecting plate 14, and between the first sealing plate 3 and the second connecting plate 24. The second sealing element 9 is arranged around the axis of the outer sleeve 1. The second sealing element 9 located on the first connecting plate 14 is located on the side of the second connecting assembly away from the axis of the outer sleeve 1, and the second sealing element 9 located on the second connecting plate 24 is located on the side of the third connecting assembly close to the axis of the outer sleeve 1, thereby improving the sealing effect of the second sealing element 9. In this embodiment, the second sealing element 9 is a sealing ring.

[0082] Optionally, the inner sleeve 2 further includes a second sealing plate 25, which is disposed at the end of the inner sleeve 2 away from the pit-facing side of the diaphragm wall 100 to seal the inner cavity of the fourth cylinder 22. In this embodiment, the second sealing plate 25 is a steel plate, which is welded to the inner sleeve 2.

[0083] Optionally, the inner sleeve 2 also includes reinforcing ribs, which are fixed to the side of the sealing plate 25 facing the underground diaphragm wall 100, and both ends of the reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fourth cylinder 22. By providing reinforcing ribs, the structural strength of the second sealing plate 25 and the structural strength of the connection between the second sealing plate 25 and the fourth cylinder 22 are improved.

[0084] This embodiment also provides a method for tunneling machine entry and exit, characterized in that the tunneling machine enters and exits the tunnel using the aforementioned portal, including the following steps:

[0085] Step S1: Fix the doorway to the reinforcing cage 101, and place the reinforcing cage 101 with the doorway fixed in place into the underground continuous wall foundation pit. Specifically, in this embodiment, the doorway is welded and fixed to the reinforcing cage 101.

[0086] Step S2: Pour concrete into the diaphragm wall foundation pit, covering the doorway with concrete. That is to say, the lengths of both the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are less than the thickness of the diaphragm wall 100. After the concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 is poured, there is a certain thickness of concrete of the diaphragm wall 100 at both ends of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2. In this embodiment, the concrete thickness of the diaphragm wall 100 at both ends of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 is 100mm.

[0087] Step S3: Excavate the working shaft, remove the concrete between the working shaft and the doorway, remove the inner sleeve 2, and remove the remaining concrete of the underground continuous wall 100 located in the direction of the tunnel extension.

[0088] Step S3 specifically includes:

[0089] Step S31: Excavate the working well and remove the soil from the end of the doorway near the working well to expose the doorway.

[0090] Step S32: Remove the second connecting assembly and the third connecting assembly, remove the first sealing plate 3, and expose the first hand hole 10 and the second hand hole 20.

[0091] Step S32: Disconnect the first connecting assembly through the first handhole 10 and the second handhole 20, and pull the inner sleeve 2 out from the outer sleeve 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the connecting rod is connected by a cable, and a jack is used to pull the cable to pull the inner sleeve 2 out from the outer sleeve 1. In other embodiments, other driving devices, such as a winch, can also be used to pull the cable to pull out the inner sleeve 2.

[0092] Step S4: The tunneling machine enters the tunneling channel on the outer casing 1, completing the tunneling machine's entry or exit from the tunnel. In this embodiment, the tunneling machine is a pipe jacking machine.

[0093] Optionally, step M, grouting into the soil near the doorway, is included between steps S2 and S3. Specifically, in this embodiment, the MJS method is used to grout into the soil near the doorway, and the soil near the doorways on both sides of the diaphragm wall 100 is reinforced by grouting.

[0094] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A doorway, characterized in that, include: An outer sleeve (1) is fixed on the steel cage (101) of the underground continuous wall (100). The axial direction of the outer sleeve (1) is set at an angle to the extension direction of the underground continuous wall (100). Both ends of the outer sleeve (1) are exposed outside the steel cage (101). A tunneling channel is provided inside the outer sleeve (1) along the axial direction of the outer sleeve (1). The inner sleeve (2) is disposed inside the outer sleeve (1) and is used to block the tunneling channel. The inner sleeve (2) and the outer sleeve (1) are detachably connected. The concrete of the underground continuous wall (100) covers the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2). The inner sleeve (2) is coaxially arranged with the outer sleeve (1), and the two end faces of the inner sleeve (2) are coplanar with the two end faces of the outer sleeve (1); It also includes a plurality of first connecting components, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve (2). Each first connecting component includes a plurality of first connectors (41) spaced apart axially along the inner sleeve (2). The first connectors (41) connect the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2). The outer sleeve (1) includes a first cylinder (11), a second cylinder (12) and a first end plate (13). The first cylinder (11) is disposed inside the second cylinder (12) and is coaxially disposed with the second cylinder (12). The first end plate (13) is disposed at one end of the outer sleeve (1) away from the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall (100). The first end plate (13) connects the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12) to seal the gap between the first cylinder (11) and the second cylinder (12). The first cylinder (11), the second cylinder (12) and the first end plate (13) form a first handhole (10). The inner sleeve (2) includes a third cylinder (21), a fourth cylinder (22), and a second end plate (23). The third cylinder (21) is detachably connected to the second cylinder (12). The fourth cylinder (22) is disposed inside the third cylinder (21) and is coaxially disposed with the third cylinder (21). The second end plate (23) is disposed at one end of the inner sleeve (2) away from the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall (100). The second end plate (23) connects the third cylinder (21) and the fourth cylinder (22) to seal the gap between the third cylinder (21) and the fourth cylinder (22). The third cylinder (21), the fourth cylinder (22), and the second end plate (23) surround and form a second handhole (20). The first connector (41) connects the second cylinder (12) and the third cylinder (21). One end of the first connector (41) extends into the first hand hole (10), and the other end extends into the second hand hole (20).

2. The doorway according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a disassembly connecting rod disposed in the second hand hole (20), one end of which is fixedly connected to the third cylinder (21) and the other end is fixedly connected to the fourth cylinder (22), and the disassembly connecting rod is spaced apart from the second end plate (23).

3. The doorway according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first sealing plate (3) disposed at one end of the inner sleeve (2) near the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall (100), the first sealing plate (3) connecting the first cylinder (11) and the fourth cylinder (22) to seal the first handhole (10) and the second handhole (20).

4. The doorway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sealing plate (3) is welded and fixed to the first cylinder (11) and the fourth cylinder (22).

5. The doorway according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer sleeve (1) further includes a first connecting plate (14), which is disposed at one end of the first cylinder (11) near the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall (100) and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the outer sleeve (1). The first connecting plate (14) surrounds the axis of the outer sleeve (1) and extends towards the second cylinder (12). The inner sleeve (2) also includes a second connecting plate (24); the second connecting plate (24) is disposed at one end of the fourth cylinder (22) near the pit-facing side of the underground continuous wall (100) and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the inner sleeve (2); the second connecting plate (24) surrounds the axis of the inner sleeve (2) and extends toward the direction of the third cylinder (21); Both the first connecting plate (14) and the second connecting plate (24) are detachably connected to the first sealing plate (3).

6. The doorway according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a second connecting component and a third connecting component. The second connecting component includes a plurality of second connecting members (71) spaced apart circumferentially along the outer sleeve (1). The second connecting members (71) connect the first connecting plate (14) and the first sealing plate (3). The third connecting component includes a plurality of third connecting members (81) spaced apart circumferentially along the inner sleeve (2). The third connecting members (81) connect the second connecting plate (24) and the first sealing plate (3).

7. A method for tunnel boring machine entering and exiting a tunnel, characterized in that, Using the portal opening as described in any one of claims 1-6 for the entry and exit of a tunnel boring machine includes the following steps: S1. Fix the doorway to the steel cage (101) and place the steel cage (101) with the doorway fixed in it into the underground continuous wall foundation pit; S2. Pour concrete into the underground continuous wall foundation pit, and the concrete covers the doorway; S3. Excavate the working shaft, remove the concrete between the working shaft and the doorway, remove the inner sleeve (2), and remove the remaining concrete of the underground continuous wall (100) located in the direction of the tunnel extension. S4. The tunneling machine enters the tunneling passage on the outer sleeve (1).

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