A self-resetting damping device for tunnels with staged energy dissipation function

Abstract

The present invention relates to a self-resetting damping device for a tunnel with a staged energy dissipation function, which is arranged in a lining handhole; the self-resetting damping device for a tunnel comprises: a lining connecting bolt, a connecting clip and a bending friction coupling damper. The self-resetting damping device for a tunnel with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention is installed at the interconnected parts of the tunnel lining in an earthquake-prone area, and can play a multi-stage energy dissipation and shock absorption role while realizing the self-resetting of the tunnel lining after the earthquake, thereby improving the seismic toughness of the tunnel lining under the action of various levels of earthquakes. The application of the self-resetting damping device for a tunnel with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention can control the cracking and damage behavior of the tunnel lining in earthquake-prone areas during an earthquake, realize the self-resetting of the lining after the earthquake, improve the seismic toughness of the tunnel, give people and vehicles in the tunnel sufficient time to escape and reduce the difficulty of emergency repairs after the earthquake.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering construction, and in particular to a tunnel self-resetting damping device with a staged energy dissipation function. Background Art

[0002] Due to economic development, tunnel construction inevitably requires traversing areas with complex geological conditions, many of which are earthquake-prone. After an earthquake, tunnel projects in seismic zones can suffer from circumferential, longitudinal, and diagonal cracking, vault collapse, vault bottom uplift, and misalignment in the primary supporting structure's lining. To mitigate seismic damage to the lining, seismic measures tailored to the geological conditions are necessary. Currently, the most commonly used seismic measures in tunnel construction include strengthening the tunnel's surrounding rock, increasing the strength of the lining concrete, installing seismic joints and damping layers, and flexible joints. Extensive laboratory testing and engineering validation have shown that flexible joints offer the best seismic performance. They effectively dissipate seismic energy transmitted from the ground during an earthquake, limiting lining damage to a limited area and protecting the tunnel structure from large-scale, continuous failure. This demonstrates the principle of "yielding" in flexible joints, enabling the tunnel to adapt to rock and soil deformation during an earthquake, resulting in effective seismic performance.

[0003] However, the current flexible joints have the disadvantage of adapting to ground deformation but lacking the ability to dissipate energy and reduce shock. This results in severe cracking of the lining in the flexible joint sections, which can propagate during an earthquake. This, in turn, prevents rapid post-earthquake repairs and reduces the overall seismic resilience of the structure. Once an earthquake strikes, the tunnel lining in the flexible joint section rapidly collapses, leaving personnel and vehicles within the tunnel with little time to escape and significantly complicating repairs and restoring traffic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art and provides a self-resetting damping device for a tunnel with a staged energy dissipation function.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function, which is arranged in a lining handhole;

[0007] The tunnel self-resetting damping device comprises: lining connecting bolts, connecting buckles and bending friction coupling dampers;

[0008] The lining connection bolts are used to connect adjacent tunnel linings;

[0009] The connecting buckle is used to connect the lining connecting bolt and the bending friction coupling damper; the connecting buckle includes: two buckle steel plates and a plurality of high-strength bolts used to connect the two buckle steel plates;

[0010] The bending friction coupling damper includes: an axial force transmission plate and two damper support plates arranged opposite to each other; the axial force transmission plate is arranged between the two damper support plates and is welded to the snap-on steel plate; the two damper support plates are respectively pre-buried in the concrete on the side of the lining hand hole;

[0011] The damper support plate is provided with a middle connecting plate of the damper on the outward side and on both sides of the axial force transmission plate; the middle connecting plate of the damper is provided with a high-strength bolt for fixing the damper;

[0012] Friction plates are respectively provided between the axial force transmission plate and the damper middle connecting plates arranged on both sides thereof;

[0013] A plurality of curved energy-absorbing steel plates are connected between a damper middle connecting plate arranged on the outward side of the damper supporting plate and the damper middle connecting plates arranged on both sides of the axial force transmission plate.

[0014] In the above technical solution, a shear connector is provided on one side of the damper support plate in the concrete to prevent the damper support plate from being pulled out of the concrete.

[0015] In the above technical solution, prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables are provided between two adjacent tunnel linings.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a rubber pad is provided at the position of the seismic joint between two adjacent tunnel linings to play a buffering role and protect the end concrete of the tunnel lining when an earthquake occurs.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the yield strength values ​​of the plurality of bending energy dissipation steel plate materials are different.

[0018] In the above technical solution, a spring is provided between the buckle steel plate of the connecting buckle and the end face of the lining hand hole.

[0019] In the above technical solution, bolt washers are provided between the lining connection bolts and the tunnel lining.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the material of the bending energy-dissipating steel plate is: low-carbon steel, low-yield point steel or memory alloy steel.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the shape of the curved energy-absorbing steel plate is: X-shaped, triangular or hollow rectangular.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the material of the friction plate is: brass plate, rubber plate or aluminum plate.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention is installed at the interconnected parts of the tunnel lining in areas prone to earthquakes. It can play a multi-level energy dissipation and shock absorption role while realizing the self-resetting of the tunnel lining after the earthquake, thereby improving the seismic toughness of the tunnel lining under the action of various levels of earthquakes.

[0025] The application of the self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention can control the cracking and damage behavior of tunnel linings in earthquake-prone areas during earthquakes, achieve self-resetting of the lining after an earthquake, improve the seismic toughness of the tunnel, give people and vehicles in the tunnel sufficient time to escape, and reduce the difficulty of emergency repairs after an earthquake. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-resetting damping device for tunnels with the staged energy dissipation function according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a tunnel self-resetting damping device with a staged energy dissipation function, viewed from the II direction upward.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the right-side cross section of the self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function shown is also a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bending friction coupling damper.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the possible cross-sectional structures of the bent energy-dissipating steel plate.

[0031] The reference numerals in the figures indicate:

[0032] 1-tunnel lining; 2-first lining handhole; 3-rubber liner; 4-second lining handhole; 5-connecting clip; 6-spring; 7-lining connecting bolt; 8-bolt liner; A-bending friction coupling damper; 9-axial force transmission plate; 10-damper support plate; 11-shear connector; 12-high-strength bolt; 13-damper middle connecting plate; 14-bending energy dissipation steel plate; 15-friction plate; 16-prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The inventive concept of the present invention is:

[0034] The flexible joints in traditional tunnels can limit lining cracks to the flexible joint sections through large deformation of the flexible joints after an earthquake. However, due to the weak energy absorption and shock absorption performance of the flexible joints, they are often excessively damaged, which in turn leads to excessive damage to the lining in the flexible joint sections, causing great difficulties in post-earthquake recovery work.

[0035] The present invention provides an energy dissipation and shock absorption device at the connection position, realizes multi-stage energy dissipation and shock absorption through the coupling effect of friction energy dissipation unit and bending energy dissipation, and can dissipate the input lining seismic energy through the damper. Not only can the friction damping unit provide the lining with a certain energy dissipation and shock absorption capability during small earthquakes, but the bending damping unit can also provide a certain stiffness to the connection position during large earthquakes, which plays a role in suppressing large deformation of the lining. In addition, the two energy dissipation units continuously dissipate the kinetic energy input to the device, and finally play a role in energy dissipation and shock absorption and improve the overall toughness of the lining structure. Springs and prestressed tendons are arranged in the device, and the reaction force of the two after the earthquake pulls the device back to the initial position, which plays a self-resetting role. After the earthquake, the tunnel can restore a certain seismic performance by simply replacing the damping components.

[0036] The self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention not only has good graded energy dissipation and shock absorption capabilities, but can also be installed at the seismic joints of the tunnel lining to activate two energy dissipation units according to the magnitude of the earthquake to dissipate seismic energy, thereby controlling cracks in the tunnel lining during an earthquake. It can also enable the lining structure to quickly self-reset after the earthquake, thereby achieving rapid recovery of the tunnel's traffic capacity after the disaster. Simply replacing the damping components can restore the tunnel to a certain level of seismic performance, ultimately achieving an improvement in the seismic toughness of the tunnel structure.

[0037] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The overall structure of the self-resetting damping device for tunnel with staged energy dissipation function of the present invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the detailed dimensions, structure and functions of the device are described as follows:

[0039] The rubber pad 3 is installed at the position of the seismic joint between the two tunnel linings 1 to play a buffering role in protecting the concrete at the end of the tunnel lining 1 from damage when an earthquake occurs.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the lining connection bolts 7 are high-strength bolts with a strength of grade 10.9 or above. They are installed at the lining hand holes in the linings 1 of the two adjacent tunnels, and pass through the right end face of the first lining hand hole 2 to the left end face of the second lining hand hole 4, playing the role of connecting the adjacent tunnel linings 1 and transmitting the seismic force to the bending friction coupling damper A.

[0041] The connecting clip 5 is composed of two clip steel plates and a number of high-strength bolts with a strength of grade 8.9 or above, which plays the role of fixing the lining connecting bolts 7 and connecting it with the axial force transmission plate 9.

[0042] The axial force transmission plate 9 is welded to the steel plate of the connecting buckle 5, and plays the role of connecting the lining connecting bolts 7 and the bending friction coupling damper A and transmitting the axial seismic force.

[0043] The spring 6 is installed between the steel plate connecting the buckle 5 and the end face of the first lining hand hole 2, playing a buffering role when an earthquake occurs and playing a certain self-resetting role after the earthquake occurs.

[0044] During construction, prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables 16 are installed between the two tunnel linings 1 through small prestressed tendon tensioning equipment. The prestressed tendons are used to pull the linings back to their pre-earthquake positions after an earthquake, thereby achieving a self-resetting effect and improving the seismic toughness of the tunnel.

[0045] The damper support plate 10 is embedded in the concrete on the side of the first lining hand hole 2. A shear connector 11 is provided on the damper support plate 10 to prevent the damper support plate 10 from being pulled out of the concrete after being subjected to a large tensile force. A damper high-strength bolt 12 is reserved on the damper support plate 10 to connect the bending friction coupling damper A.

[0046] The bending friction coupling damper A consists of a bending energy dissipation unit, a friction energy dissipation unit, and a connection unit. The bending energy dissipation unit is composed of several bending energy dissipation steel plates 14 and a central damper connection plate 13. The bending energy dissipation steel plates 14 can be made of metal materials that utilize plastic energy dissipation, such as ordinary low-carbon steel Q235, low-yield steel LYP100 / LYP160 / LYP225, or shape memory alloy steel. They are mounted to the central damper connection plate 13 by welding. The bending energy dissipation steel plates 14 can be shaped like an X, triangle, or hollow rectangle, among other commonly used bending steel plate forms on the market.

[0047] The friction energy dissipation unit is composed of two friction plates 15 welded or glued to the middle connecting plate 13 and the axial force transmission plate 9 of the damper. The material of the friction plate 15 can be brass, rubber, aluminum or other materials that can provide friction damping.

[0048] The connecting unit includes a damper middle connecting plate 13 and an axial force transmission plate 9. The damper middle connecting plate 13 is connected to the damper supporting plate 10 by bolt connection, and the axial force transmission plate 9 is connected to the snap-on steel plate by welding connection.

[0049] The effect of the bending friction coupling damper A is carried out in stages:

[0050] When the tunnel encounters a low-level earthquake, the seismic force is transmitted from any tunnel lining 1 to the axial force transmission plate 9 through the lining connecting bolts 7, driving the friction plate 15 on the axial force transmission plate 9 and the friction plate 15 on the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper to produce friction, generating friction energy consumption; at this time, the bending energy dissipation steel plate 14 only undergoes elastic deformation and does not participate in energy consumption. The energy consumption of the device is dominated by the friction energy dissipation unit.

[0051] When the tunnel encounters a major earthquake, the deformation of the tunnel lining 1 is large, and the relative displacement between the axial force transmission plate 9 and the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper exceeds the friction zone. The cross plate at the end of the axial force transmission plate 9 presses against the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper. At this time, the friction energy dissipation unit withdraws, and the axial force transmission plate 9 drives the bending energy dissipation steel plate 14 to bend and dissipate energy, thereby realizing the secondary seismic resistance of the bending friction coupling damper A. Moreover, by taking different values ​​of the yield strength of the materials of several parallel bending energy dissipation steel plates 14, multi-level seismic resistance under different seismic loads can be achieved.

[0052] The specific method for implementing the construction of the tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) During the pouring of the secondary lining of the tunnel, the damper supporting steel plate 10 is embedded in the lining concrete, and the lining connection bolts 7 and prestressed tendon holes are reserved;

[0054] (2) Assemble the components of the bending friction coupling damper A and use high-strength bolts to apply pre-tightening force to the axial force transmission plate 9 welded with the friction plate 15 and the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper. The magnitude of the friction damping force can be controlled by adjusting the pre-tightening force between the friction plates 15;

[0055] (3) After the concrete formwork is removed, the bending friction coupling damper A is installed on the damper support plate 10 by means of bolts, the lining connection bolts 7 and the axial force transmission plate 9 are connected by means of connecting buckles, and the spring 6 and the bolt washer 8 are installed;

[0056] (4) installing prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables 16 and applying prestress to the prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables 16 using a small tensioning device;

[0057] (5) All bending friction coupling dampers A and tunnel lining 1 can be connected together by looping steps (1) to (4).

[0058] When an earthquake strikes, soil movement drives the lining movement, and the seismic force is transmitted through the tunnel lining 1 to the lining connecting bolts 7, which in turn drives the axial force transmission plate 9 to move. When the earthquake intensity is low, the friction plate 15 on the axial force transmission plate 9 rubs against the friction plate 15 on the damper middle connecting plate 13, generating friction energy dissipation. At this time, the bending energy dissipation steel plate 14 only undergoes elastic deformation and does not participate in energy dissipation. The energy dissipation of the device is dominated by the friction energy dissipation unit.

[0059] When the tunnel encounters a major earthquake, the tunnel lining 1 deforms significantly, and the relative displacement between the axial force transmission plate 9 and the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper exceeds the friction zone. The cross plate at the end of the axial force transmission plate 9 presses against the middle connecting plate 13 of the damper. At this time, the friction energy dissipation unit withdraws, and the axial force transmission plate 9 drives the bending energy dissipation steel plate 14 to bend and dissipate energy, thereby realizing the secondary seismic resistance of the bending friction coupling damper A. In addition, by setting the yield strength of the materials of the parallel bending energy dissipation steel plates 14 to different values, multi-level seismic resistance under different seismic loads can be achieved.

[0060] After the earthquake, the prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables 16 pull the tunnel lining 1 back to its original position, achieving self-reset. If the earthquake is minor, only the friction plate 15 needs to be replaced. If the earthquake is major, the curved energy-absorbing steel plate 14 and friction plate 15 need to be removed and replaced, and the tunnel lining 1 needs to be repaired and reinforced.

[0061] The self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention is installed at the interconnected parts of the tunnel lining in areas prone to earthquakes. It can play a multi-level energy dissipation and shock absorption role while realizing the self-resetting of the tunnel lining after the earthquake, thereby improving the seismic toughness of the tunnel lining under the action of various levels of earthquakes.

[0062] The application of the self-resetting damping device for tunnels with a staged energy dissipation function of the present invention can control the cracking and damage behavior of tunnel linings in earthquake-prone areas during earthquakes, achieve self-resetting of the lining after an earthquake, improve the seismic toughness of the tunnel, give people and vehicles in the tunnel sufficient time to escape, and reduce the difficulty of emergency repairs after an earthquake.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above descriptions are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-resetting damping device for a tunnel with a staged energy dissipation function, characterized in that: It is set in the lining hand hole; The tunnel self-resetting damping device comprises: a lining connecting bolt (7), a connecting buckle (5) and a bending friction coupling damper (A); The lining connection bolts (7) are used to connect adjacent tunnel linings (1); The connecting buckle (5) is used to connect the lining connecting bolt (7) and the bending friction coupling damper (A); the connecting buckle (5) comprises: two buckle steel plates and a plurality of high-strength bolts used to connect the two buckle steel plates; The bending friction coupling damper (A) comprises: an axial force transmission plate (9) and two damper support plates (10) arranged opposite to each other; the axial force transmission plate (9) is arranged between the two damper support plates (10) and is welded to the snap-on steel plate; the two damper support plates (10) are respectively pre-buried in the side concrete of the lining hand hole; A damper middle connecting plate (13) is provided on the outward side of the damper supporting plate (10) and on both sides of the axial force transmission plate (9); a damper high-strength bolt (12) for fixing the damper is provided on the damper middle connecting plate (13); Friction plates (15) are respectively provided between the axial force transmission plate (9) and the damper middle connection plates (13) arranged on both sides thereof; A plurality of curved energy-absorbing steel plates (14) are connected between a damper middle connecting plate (13) arranged on the outer side of the damper supporting plate (10) and the damper middle connecting plates (13) arranged on both sides of the axial force transmission plate (9).

2. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A shear connector (11) is provided on one side of the damper supporting plate (10) in the concrete to prevent the damper supporting plate (10) from being pulled out of the concrete.

3. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Prestressed tendons or prestressed anchor cables (16) are provided between two adjacent tunnel linings (1).

4. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A rubber pad (3) is provided at the position of the seismic joint between two adjacent tunnel linings (1) to play a buffering role and protect the end concrete of the tunnel lining (1) when an earthquake occurs.

5. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The yield strength values ​​of the materials of the plurality of bending energy dissipation steel plates (14) are different.

6. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A spring (6) is provided between the buckle steel plate of the connecting buckle (5) and the end surface of the lining hand hole.

7. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A bolt washer (8) is provided between the lining connection bolt (7) and the tunnel lining (1).

8. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the bending energy dissipation steel plate (14) is low carbon steel, low yield point steel or memory alloy steel.

9. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shape of the curved energy-absorbing steel plate (14) is: X-shaped, triangular or hollow rectangular.

10. The tunnel self-resetting damping device with staged energy dissipation function according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The friction plate (15) is made of a brass plate, a rubber plate or an aluminum plate.

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