An apparatus and method for remotely monitoring ground settlement

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of civil engineering monitoring, in particular to a remote ground settlement monitoring device and method, which comprises a reference plate and a monitor shell; the inside of the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a mounting seat; the upper side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a dial gauge; the dial gauge is remotely connected with external equipment through an Internet of Things transmission module; the lower side of the reference plate is fixedly connected with a guide rod; the lower end of the guide rod is slidably connected in the inside of the monitor shell, and the lower end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial gauge. The monitor shell is placed in the pit, and the reference plate is fixed through external equipment; if the ground at this place settles, the monitor shell and the dial gauge inside it sink synchronously, the guide rod and the monitor shell produce relative sliding, the settlement of the ground can be read through the dial gauge, the damage of the soil structure caused by punching can be avoided, and the device can be fixed with the soil to ensure its stability and make the monitoring accurate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of civil engineering monitoring, in particular to a device and method for remotely monitoring ground settlement. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ground settlement monitoring work is of great significance in civil engineering projects, which can improve the safety of project construction. For example, when building large roadbeds, bridges, buildings and tunnels, if the ground settlement exceeds a certain value, the engineering project needs to stop construction. For example, in oil and gas, coal mining areas, ground settlement needs to be monitored during the mining process to provide early warning for some large geological subsidence disasters.

[0003] A patent of Chinese patent application CN105241418A discloses a new type of ground settlement testing device and method. The technical solution points are: including a support device, a pulley, a mass block, a dial gauge, a rigid rope and a sleeve. The pulley is fixed to the top of the support device. The rigid rope passes through the pulley, one end is fixed to the stable soil layer or bedrock position below the ground, and the other end is connected with the mass block, so that the mass block is vertically hung on the rigid rope. The dial gauge is in contact with the mass block and is used to monitor the vertical displacement of the mass block. The connection between the rigid rope and the mass block can be direct connection or through a movable pulley. The monitoring data can be transmitted through a data line and a wireless transmission module for remote monitoring. The device can use a solar cell to power the testing instrument. The invention can greatly improve the measurement accuracy and stability, and realize real-time automatic remote monitoring, saving a lot of manpower and resources and reducing the monitoring cost.

[0004] For the above and existing related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects often exist: the existing technology needs to use a punch to punch a hole in the ground to the stable soil layer or bedrock position, then install a sleeve in the hole, and then pass the rigid rope through the sleeve and fix it to the stable soil layer or bedrock position. The installation process is too cumbersome and the operation is too complex, and the punching process will damage the original geological structure of the ground, which may cause deviation in the subsequent monitoring results.

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a device and method for remotely monitoring ground settlement. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and solve at least one technical problem proposed in the background art, the present application provides a device and method for remotely monitoring ground settlement. The device can be directly buried in the soil for ground settlement monitoring, avoiding the damage to the geological structure caused by punching, and ensuring that the monitoring device is fixed firmly with the surrounding soil, thereby increasing its stability.

[0007] The remote ground subsidence monitoring equipment provided by the present application comprises a reference plate and a monitor shell, the inside of the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the upper side of the mounting seat is fixedly connected with a dial gauge, the dial gauge is remotely connected with external equipment through an Internet of Things transmission module, the lower side of the reference plate is fixedly connected with a guide rod, the lower end of the guide rod is slidably connected in the inside of the monitor shell, and the lower end of the guide rod is fixedly connected with the detection end of the dial gauge, the lower end of the monitor shell is provided with a plurality of fixing mechanisms, each fixing mechanism comprises a mounting pipe, an anchor rod slidably connected in the mounting pipe and a safety strip, a first through hole is formed in the outer wall of the monitor shell at the position corresponding to each fixing mechanism, the mounting pipe is correspondingly arranged in the first through hole, a first spring is fixedly connected between the end of the anchor rod and the mounting pipe, and the first spring is in a compressed state, the safety strip is inserted into the monitor shell from the top of the monitor shell and penetrates through the mounting pipe and the anchor rod of the corresponding fixing mechanism, and the safety strip is fixed on the monitor shell through an operating block, after the monitor shell is placed in a pit, the plurality of safety strips are pulled out upward through the operating block, the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, the anchor rod is pushed out by the first spring, the anchor rod is inserted into the surrounding soil, the fixing effect between the monitor shell and the soil layer is improved, the monitor shell can smoothly sink together with the soil layer, and therefore the monitoring precision is improved.

[0008] The preferred technical scheme of the present application is that the monitor shell is in a cylindrical structure, the plurality of fixing mechanisms are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the side wall at the bottom of the monitor shell, the mounting pipe and the anchor rod are both arranged in an inclined state, the tip of the anchor rod faces obliquely upward and extends into the corresponding first through hole in the monitor shell, the surface of the guide rod above the monitor shell is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and a flexible corrugated pipe is fixedly connected between the connecting plate and the monitor shell, and the guide rod penetrates through the inside of the corrugated pipe. By arranging the anchor rod in an inclined state, the fixing effect between the anchor rod and the soil can be further improved after the anchor rod is inserted into the soil layer, the monitor shell is difficult to be pulled out of the pit, human damage is reduced, the gap between the guide rod and the monitor shell is blocked by arranging the flexible corrugated pipe, foreign matters such as soil outside are prevented from entering the gap, the problem that the guide rod is difficult to slide is avoided, and the corrugated pipe can be elongated along with the sinking of the monitor shell, without affecting the relative movement of the guide rod and the monitor shell.

[0009] The further technical scheme of the present application is that an annular plate is arranged outside the monitor shell; a group of air cushions are uniformly distributed on the upper side of the annular plate, and the air cushions store gas inside; a group of supports are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the monitor shell; a spray pipe is fixedly connected to the surface of the support; the air cushions and the spray pipes correspond to each other, and the air cushions and the spray pipes are communicated through a pipe; the gas outlet end of the spray pipe faces the outside of the monitor shell; since the monitor shell is usually placed in the wild and is easily disturbed by animals, the annular plate can be placed on the ground outside the monitor shell; when an animal approaches the monitor shell and steps on one of the air cushions, the air cushion is extruded, the gas inside the air cushion enters the corresponding spray pipe through the pipe, and then the spray pipe sprays gas outward to drive away the animal, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the monitoring work.

[0010] The preferable technical scheme of the present application is that the fixing mechanism is provided with one group or two groups or more than two groups; the two groups or more than two groups of fixing mechanisms are distributed from top to bottom at the lower part of the monitor shell; the upper and lower fixing mechanisms of different groups correspond to each other and share one safety strip; a group of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the top surface of the monitor shell; the safety strip is slidably inserted into the corresponding second through hole, and the lower end penetrates and is slidably connected to the mounting pipe and the anchor rod at different positions on the same straight line.

[0011] The preferable technical scheme of the present application is that the anchor rod comprises a rod body and an anchor tip; a second spring is fixedly connected between the rod body and the anchor tip; a sliding groove is formed on one side of the rod body close to the anchor tip; a sliding block is slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and the sliding block is fixedly connected to the anchor tip; a center hole is formed in the sliding block and the anchor tip; a group of guide holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip and are communicated with the center hole; a storage cavity is formed in the rod body and is communicated with the sliding groove; an isolation film is fixedly connected inside the sliding groove; a thimble is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block close to the isolation film; compressed glue is added inside the storage cavity; when the anchor rod is stretched outwards, the anchor tip is resisted by the soil, which causes the anchor tip and the rod body to approach each other and compress the second spring, and then the sliding block drives the thimble to move towards the isolation film and pierces the isolation film; at this time, the glue inside the storage cavity is discharged outward through the center hole and the guide hole, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod; after the glue hardens, it can further improve the fixing effect between the soil layer and the anchor rod, firmly fixing the anchor rod in the soil layer, preventing the soil from being too soft, and improving the fixing effect of the monitor shell.

[0012] The preferable technical scheme of the present application is that the spray pipe is arranged in a spiral shape and is made of elastic material; when the gas inside the air cushion enters the spray pipe, the gas pressure will cause the spiral spray pipe to deform and elongate, and then the gas is sprayed from the end of the spray pipe; this action enables the spray pipe to hit and spray gas outward, thereby scaring away the approaching animals and further preventing the monitor shell from being disturbed and damaged by animals.

[0013] The gas in the air cushion is a stimulating gas; the gas outlet end of the nozzle is connected with a sound generator; the stimulating gas is arranged, so that the behavior of the animal can be disturbed after the gas is sprayed out, the animal can escape quickly after smelling the stimulating odor, the sound generator can be a sound device such as a whistle, the gas passes through the inside of the sound generator when being sprayed out, and the sound generator is further caused to emit a sound, so that the animal close to the sound generator is scared away, and the driving efficiency on the animal is improved.

[0014] The piston plate is slidably connected to the position away from the isolation film in the storage cavity; the spring three is fixedly connected between the piston plate and the storage cavity side wall and is in a compressed state; the glue is added in the storage cavity between the isolation film and the piston plate; the baffle is fixedly connected to the position close to the guide hole on the anchor tip surface; the gap exists between the end of the baffle facing the rod body and the anchor tip; after the isolation film is poked, the spring three drives the piston plate to move towards the anchor tip, so that the glue in the storage cavity is extruded outwards, the extrusion efficiency of the glue is improved, the guide hole is shielded by the baffle, so that a large amount of soil does not enter the guide hole during the process that the anchor tip is inserted into the soil, and the guide hole is prevented from being blocked by the soil, and the glue can be extruded outwards through the gap between the baffle and the anchor tip.

[0015] A remote full-automatic monitoring method of ground surface settlement, which adopts the remote ground surface settlement monitoring device, comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1: when installing, a soil pit is dug on the ground, the monitor composed of the monitor shell, the mounting seat, the dial gauge and the fixing mechanism is placed in the pit, and the reference plate is fixed by an external device, so that the reference plate does not sink with the ground;

[0017] S2: the safety strip is pulled upwards through the operation block, so that the anchor rod loses the fixing effect, the anchor rod is pushed outwards by the first spring, and the anchor rod is inserted into the surrounding soil;

[0018] S3: when settlement occurs, the monitor shell and the dial gauge sink synchronously, the relative sliding between the guide rod and the monitor shell is generated, the settlement amount of the ground surface is read by the dial gauge, and the data of the dial gauge can be transmitted to the external terminal through the Internet of Things transmission module.

[0019] The detailed steps of S2 are as follows:

[0020] a: when the anchor rod is stretched outwards, the anchor tip is resisted by the soil, so that the anchor tip and the rod body are close to each other and the second spring is compressed, the slider drives the thimble to move towards the isolation film and pokes the isolation film;

[0021] b: The glue inside the storage chamber is discharged outward through the central hole and guide hole, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] 1. The device and method for remotely monitoring land subsidence as described in this invention only requires digging a pit in the ground during installation, placing the monitor housing in the pit, and fixing a reference plate with external equipment so that the reference plate does not sink with the ground. During the monitoring process, if the land subsides at that location, the monitor housing and the dial gauge inside it sink synchronously, and relative sliding occurs between the guide rod and the monitor housing. The amount of land subsidence can be read through the dial gauge, and the data from the dial gauge can be transmitted to a base station or the terminal of the staff through an Internet of Things transmission module, thereby realizing remote fully automatic monitoring.

[0024] 2. The device and method for remotely monitoring land subsidence of the present invention involves placing the monitor housing into a pit, then pulling out multiple safety strips upwards using an operating block, thereby causing the anchor rod to lose its fixing effect. A first spring pushes the anchor rod outwards, allowing it to insert into the surrounding soil, thus improving the fixing effect between the monitor housing and the soil layer. This allows the monitor housing to settle smoothly along with the soil layer, thereby improving monitoring accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the monitor housing in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchor rod in this invention;

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point C;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Reference plate; 2. Monitor housing; 3. Mounting base; 4. Dial gauge; 5. Guide rod; 6. Mounting tube; 7. Anchor rod; 8. First spring; 9. Safety bar; 10. Operating block; 11. Connecting plate; 12. Bellows; 13. Annular plate; 14. Air cushion; 15. Bracket; 16. Nozzle; 17. Conduit; 18. Sound generator; 19. Rod body; 20. Anchor tip; 21. Second spring; 22. Slide groove; 23. Sliding block; 24. Center hole; 25. Guide hole; 26. Storage cavity; 27. Isolation membrane; 28. Ejector pin; 29. ​​Piston plate; 30. Spring 3; 31. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 5 All accompanying drawings are simplified versions of embodiments and are intended only to clearly and concisely illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the drawings below are specific solutions of embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1 provides a remote surface subsidence monitoring device, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the device includes a reference plate 1 and a monitor housing 2. The monitor housing 2 is a cylindrical structure with both its top and bottom surfaces closed. A mounting base 3 is fixedly connected inside the monitor housing 2. A dial indicator 4 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting base 3. The dial indicator 4 is remotely connected to an external device via an IoT transmission module. A guide rod 5 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the reference plate 1. The lower end of the guide rod 5 is slidably connected inside the monitor housing 2, and the lower end of the guide rod 5 is fixedly connected to the detection end of the dial indicator 4. Existing technology requires drilling holes in the ground surface to a stable soil layer or bedrock location using a drilling machine, then installing a sleeve in the hole, and finally passing a rigid rope through the sleeve and fixing it to the stable soil layer or bedrock location. This installation process is too... The process is cumbersome and overly complex, and the drilling process can damage the original geological structure of the ground, which can easily lead to deviations in subsequent monitoring results. In contrast, this invention only requires digging a pit in the ground, placing the monitor housing 2 in the pit, and fixing the reference plate 1 with external equipment so that the reference plate 1 will not sink with the ground. During the monitoring process, if the ground subsides, the monitor housing 2 and the dial gauge 4 inside it will sink synchronously, and the guide rod 5 will slide relative to the monitor housing 2. The amount of ground subsidence can be read through the dial gauge 4, and the data of the dial gauge 4 can be transmitted to the base station or the terminal of the staff through the Internet of Things transmission module, thereby realizing remote fully automatic monitoring. It is worth noting that when constructing large roadbeds, bridges, buildings, and tunnels, the construction site is usually prone to settlement, while other nearby locations are not prone to settlement. In actual installation, this invention can select a nearby location that is not prone to settlement and approximate the vertical displacement of that location as zero. By fixing the reference plate 1 to that location with rods or other rigid objects, it can be ensured that the reference plate will not settle along with the monitoring location.

[0036] Two sets of mounting tubes 6 are evenly distributed around the bottom sidewall of the monitor housing 2, with the two sets of mounting tubes 6 arranged vertically. A first through hole is provided on the outer wall of the monitor housing 2 corresponding to the position of each mounting tube 6, and the mounting tube 6 is installed in the first through hole. An anchor rod 7 is slidably connected inside the mounting tube 6. A first spring 8 is fixedly connected between the end of the anchor rod 7 and the mounting tube 6, and the first spring 8 is in a compressed state. A set of second through holes is evenly distributed around the top surface of the monitor housing 2. A safety strip 9 is slidably connected inside each second through hole. An operating block 10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the safety strip 9; the lower end of the safety strip 9 passes through two sets of corresponding installation tubes 6 and anchor rods 7, and is slidably connected to them, allowing for easy insertion and removal; after the monitor housing 2 is placed in the pit, multiple safety strips 9 are pulled upwards by the operating block 10, thereby causing the anchor rods 7 to lose their fixing effect. The first spring 8 pushes the anchor rods 7 outwards, causing the anchor rods 7 to insert into the surrounding soil, improving the fixing effect between the monitor housing 2 and the soil layer, allowing the monitor housing 2 to settle smoothly with the soil layer, thereby improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0037] Both the mounting pipe 6 and the anchor rod 7 are set in an inclined state, with the tip of the anchor rod 7 pointing obliquely upward and extending to the position of the first through hole; a connecting plate 11 is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rod 5 above the monitor housing 2; an elastic corrugated pipe 12 is fixedly connected between the connecting plate 11 and the monitor housing 2, and the guide rod 5 passes through the inside of the corrugated pipe 12; by setting the anchor rod 7 in an inclined state, the anchor rod 7 can be further fixed to the soil after being inserted into the soil layer, and it is difficult to pull the monitor housing 2 out of the pit, reducing human damage. By setting the elastic corrugated pipe 12 to seal the gap between the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2, it is prevented that external soil and other impurities will enter the gap, causing the guide rod 5 to have difficulty sliding. As the monitor housing 2 settles, the corrugated pipe 12 can be stretched without affecting the relative movement of the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2.

[0038] An annular plate 13 is provided on the outer side of the monitor housing 2; a set of air cushions 14 are evenly distributed around the upper circumference of the annular plate 13, and the air cushions 14 are filled with gas; a set of supports 15 are evenly distributed around the top surface of the monitor housing 2; a nozzle 16 is fixedly connected to the surface of the support 15; the air cushions 14 and the nozzles 16 correspond one-to-one, and the air cushions 14 and the nozzles 16 are connected by a conduit 17; the air outlet of the nozzle 16 faces outward of the monitor housing 2; since the monitor housing 2 is usually placed in the wild, it is easily disturbed by animals. The annular plate 13 can be placed on the ground outside the monitor housing 2. When an animal approaches the monitor housing 2 and steps on one of the air cushions 14, the air cushion 14 is compressed, and the gas inside enters the corresponding nozzle 16 through the conduit 17. Then the nozzle 16 sprays air outward to drive away the animal and ensure the smooth operation of the monitoring work.

[0039] The nozzle 16 is spiral-shaped and made of elastic material. When the gas inside the air cushion 14 enters the nozzle 16, the air pressure will cause the spiral nozzle 16 to deform and elongate, and then the gas will be ejected from the end of the nozzle 16. This action allows the nozzle 16 to strike and spray air outward, thereby scaring away the approaching animals and further preventing the monitor housing 2 from being disturbed and damaged by animals.

[0040] The gas stored inside the air cushion 14 is an irritant gas; the outlet end of the nozzle 16 is connected to a sound generator 18; by setting an irritant gas, when the gas is sprayed out, it can interfere with the behavior of animals, causing them to run away quickly after smelling the irritant odor. The sound generator 18 can be a whistle or other sound-producing device. When the gas is sprayed out, it will pass through the inside of the sound generator 18, thereby causing the sound generator 18 to make a sound, further scaring away the approaching animals and improving the efficiency of driving away the animals.

[0041] Example 2 provides a remote surface subsidence monitoring device, such as Figures 5 to 6 As shown in the comparison with Embodiment 1, another embodiment of the present invention is as follows: The anchor rod 7 includes a rod body 19 and an anchor tip 20; a second spring 21 is fixedly connected between the rod body 19 and the anchor tip 20; a groove 22 is provided on the side of the rod body 19 near the anchor tip 20; a slider 23 is slidably connected inside the groove 22, and the slider 23 is fixedly connected to the anchor tip 20; a central hole 24 is provided inside both the slider 23 and the anchor tip 20; a set of guide holes 25 are evenly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip 20, and the guide holes 25 communicate with the central hole 24; a storage cavity 26 is provided inside the rod body 19, and the storage cavity 26 communicates with the groove 22; an isolation membrane 27 is fixedly connected inside the groove 22; the slider 23 is fixedly connected to the anchor tip 20; a second spring 21 is fixedly connected between the rod body 19 and ... 3. A pin 28 is fixedly connected to the side near the isolation membrane 27; the storage cavity 26 contains compressed glue; when the anchor rod 7 extends outward, the anchor tip 20 is resisted by the soil, causing the anchor tip 20 and the rod body 19 to move closer to each other and compress the second spring 21. Then, the slider 23 drives the pin 28 to move towards the isolation membrane 27 and puncture the isolation membrane 27. At this time, the glue inside the storage cavity 26 is discharged outward through the central hole 24 and the guide hole 25, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod 7. After the glue hardens, it can further improve the fixing effect between the soil layer and the anchor rod 7, firmly fixing the anchor rod 7 inside the soil layer and preventing the soil from being too loose, which would lead to a poor fixing effect of the monitor shell 2.

[0042] A piston plate 29 is slidably and sealingly connected inside the storage cavity 26 at a position away from the isolation membrane 27; a spring 30 is fixedly connected between the piston plate 29 and the side wall of the storage cavity 26, and the spring 30 is in a compressed state; the glue is added inside the storage cavity 26 between the isolation membrane 27 and the piston plate 29; a baffle 31 is fixedly connected to the surface of the anchor tip 20 near the guide hole 25; there is a gap between the end of the baffle 31 facing the rod body 19 and the anchor tip 20; after the isolation membrane 27 is punctured, the spring 30 pushes the piston plate 29 to move towards the anchor tip 20, thereby squeezing the glue inside the storage cavity 26 outward, improving the glue discharge efficiency; by setting the baffle 31 to block the guide hole 25, a large amount of soil will not enter the guide hole 25 during the process of the anchor tip 20 being driven into the soil, preventing the guide hole 25 from being blocked by soil, and the glue can be discharged outward through the gap between the baffle 31 and the anchor tip 20 when squeezed out.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown in Example 3, a method for remotely and fully automatically monitoring land subsidence is provided. This method uses the aforementioned remote land subsidence monitoring equipment and includes the following steps:

[0044] S1: During installation, a pit is dug in the ground, and the monitor, consisting of the monitor housing 2, mounting base 3, dial gauge 4, fixing mechanism and base plate 1, is placed in the pit. The reference plate 1 is fixed by external equipment so that the reference plate 1 will not sink with the ground. The reference plate 1 can be fixed by setting up a fixing frame and fixing the reference plate to the fixing frame with bolts.

[0045] S2: By pulling the safety bar 9 upward through the operating block 10, the anchor rod 7 loses its fixing effect, and the first spring 8 pushes the anchor rod 7 outward, causing the anchor rod 7 to insert into the surrounding soil. The specific steps are as follows:

[0046] a: When the anchor rod 7 extends outward, the anchor tip 20 is resisted by the soil, causing the anchor tip 20 and the rod body 19 to move closer to each other and compress the second spring 21. Then the slider 23 drives the pin 28 to move toward the isolation membrane 27 and puncture the isolation membrane 27.

[0047] b: The glue inside the storage cavity 26 is discharged outward through the central hole 24 and the guide hole 25, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod 7.

[0048] S3: When settlement occurs, the monitor housing 2 and dial gauge 4 sink synchronously, and the guide rod 5 slides relative to the monitor housing 2. The settlement amount of the ground surface is read through dial gauge 4, and the data of dial gauge 4 can be transmitted to the external terminal through the Internet of Things transmission module.

[0049] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During installation, a pit is dug in the ground, the monitor housing 2 is placed in the pit, and the reference plate 1 is fixed by external equipment so that the reference plate 1 will not sink with the ground. During the monitoring process, if the ground surface settles, the monitor housing 2 and the dial gauge 4 inside it sink synchronously. The guide rod 5 slides relative to the monitor housing 2, and the amount of ground settlement can be read through the dial gauge 4. The data from the dial gauge 4 can be transmitted to the base station or the operator's terminal through the Internet of Things transmission module, thereby realizing remote fully automatic monitoring. After the monitor housing 2 is placed in the pit, the operation block 10 is used to... When the safety bar 9 is pulled upwards, the anchor rod 7 loses its fixing effect. The first spring 8 pushes the anchor rod 7 outwards, causing it to insert into the surrounding soil. This improves the fixing effect between the monitor housing 2 and the soil layer, allowing the monitor housing 2 to settle smoothly with the soil layer, thereby improving monitoring accuracy. By setting the anchor rod 7 in an inclined state, the fixing effect between the anchor rod 7 and the soil layer is further improved after it is inserted into the soil layer, making it difficult to pull the monitor housing 2 out of the pit and reducing human damage. The gap between the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2 is sealed by the elastic corrugated pipe 12 to prevent external soil and other impurities from entering. The gap causes difficulty in sliding the guide rod 5. However, as the monitor housing 2 settles, the bellows 12 can be stretched without affecting the relative movement of the guide rod 5 and the monitor housing 2. Since the monitor housing 2 is usually placed in the wild and is easily disturbed by animals, the annular plate 13 can be placed on the ground outside the monitor housing 2. When an animal approaches the monitor housing 2 and steps on one of the air cushions 14, the air cushion 14 is compressed, and the gas inside it enters the corresponding nozzle 16 through the conduit 17. Then, the nozzle 16 sprays air outward to drive away the animal and ensure the smooth operation of the monitoring work. When the gas inside the air cushion 14... After the gas enters the nozzle 16, the air pressure causes the spiral nozzle 16 to deform and elongate, and then the gas is ejected from the end of the nozzle 16. This action allows the nozzle 16 to strike and expel air outward, thereby scaring away the approaching animals and further preventing the monitor housing 2 from being disturbed or damaged by animals. By setting irritating gas, when the gas is ejected, it can interfere with the behavior of animals, causing them to run away quickly after smelling the irritating odor. The sound generator 18 can be a whistle or other sound-producing device. When the gas is ejected, it passes through the inside of the sound generator 18, thereby causing the sound generator 18 to emit a sound, further scaring away the approaching animals and improving the efficiency of driving away animals.When the anchor rod 7 extends outward, the anchor tip 20 is resisted by the soil, causing the anchor tip 20 and the rod body 19 to move closer together and compress the second spring 21. This, in turn, causes the slider 23 to move the ejector pin 28 towards the isolation membrane 27 and puncture it. At this time, the glue inside the storage cavity 26 is discharged outward through the central hole 24 and the guide hole 25, dispersing the glue in the soil around the anchor rod 7. After the glue hardens, it further improves the fixing effect between the soil layer and the anchor rod 7, firmly fixing the anchor rod 7 inside the soil layer and preventing soil from overflowing. The looseness of the membrane caused poor fixation of the monitor housing 2. After the isolation membrane 27 was punctured, the spring 30 pushed the piston plate 29 towards the anchor tip 20, thereby squeezing the glue inside the storage cavity 26 outwards, improving the glue discharge efficiency. By setting a baffle 31 to block the guide hole 25, a large amount of mud would not enter the guide hole 25 during the process of the anchor tip 20 being driven into the soil, preventing the guide hole 25 from being blocked by mud. The glue could then be discharged outwards through the gap between the baffle 31 and the anchor tip 20.

[0050] The terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" all refer to the figures in the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 Based on the perspective of the observer, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0051] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A remote surface subsidence monitoring device, characterized in that: The device includes a reference plate (1) and a monitor housing (2); a mounting base (3) is fixedly connected inside the monitor housing (2), and a dial indicator (4) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the mounting base (3); the dial indicator (4) is remotely connected to an external device through an Internet of Things transmission module; a guide rod (5) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the reference plate (1); the lower end of the guide rod (5) is slidably connected inside the monitor housing (2), and the lower end of the guide rod (5) is fixedly connected to the detection end of the dial indicator (4); the lower end of the monitor housing (2) is provided with multiple fixing mechanisms, each fixing mechanism including a mounting tube (6) and a sliding connection. An anchor rod (7) and safety strip (9) are installed in the installation tube (6). A first through hole is provided on the outer wall of the monitor housing (2) corresponding to the position of each fixing mechanism. The installation tube (6) is installed in the first through hole. A first spring (8) is fixedly connected between the end of the anchor rod (7) and the installation tube (6), and the first spring (8) is in a compressed state. The safety strip (9) is inserted into the monitor housing (2) from the top of the monitor housing (2) and passes through the installation tube (6) and anchor rod (7) of the corresponding fixing mechanism. The safety strip (9) is fixed on the monitor housing (2) by the operating block (10). The monitor housing (2) is a cylindrical structure, and multiple fixing mechanisms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bottom side wall of the monitor housing (2); the mounting tube (6) and the anchor rod (7) are both set in an inclined state, and the tip of the anchor rod (7) faces obliquely upward and extends into the corresponding first through hole; a connecting plate (11) is fixedly connected to the surface of the guide rod (5) above the monitor housing (2); an elastic corrugated tube (12) is fixedly connected between the connecting plate (11) and the monitor housing (2), and the guide rod (5) passes through the inside of the corrugated tube (12); the anchor rod (7) includes a rod body (19) and an anchor tip (20); a second spring (21) is fixedly connected between the rod body (19) and the anchor tip (20); the rod body (19) is close to A groove (22) is provided on one side of the anchor tip (20); a slider (23) is slidably connected inside the groove (22), and the slider (23) is fixedly connected to the anchor tip (20); a central hole (24) is provided inside both the slider (23) and the anchor tip (20); a set of guide holes (25) are evenly distributed on the surface of the anchor tip (20), and the guide holes (25) are connected to the central hole (24); a storage cavity (26) is provided inside the rod body (19), and the storage cavity (26) is connected to the groove (22); an isolation membrane (27) is fixedly connected inside the groove (22); a pin (28) is fixedly connected to the side of the slider (23) near the isolation membrane (27); and compressed glue is added inside the storage cavity (26).

2. The remote surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An annular plate (13) is provided on the outer side of the monitor housing (2); a set of air cushions (14) are evenly distributed on the upper circumference of the annular plate (13), and the air cushions (14) are filled with gas; a set of brackets (15) are evenly distributed on the top surface of the monitor housing (2); a nozzle (16) is fixedly connected to the surface of the bracket (15); the air cushions (14) and the nozzles (16) correspond one-to-one, and the air cushions (14) and the nozzles (16) are connected by a conduit (17); the air outlet of the nozzle (16) faces the outside of the monitor housing (2).

3. The remote surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism is provided with one or two or more sets. The two or more sets of fixing mechanisms are distributed from top to bottom on the lower part of the monitor housing (2). The upper and lower fixing mechanisms of different sets correspond to each other and share a safety strip (9). A set of second through holes are evenly distributed on the circumference of the top surface of the monitor housing (2). The safety strip (9) is slidably inserted into the corresponding second through hole. The lower end passes through the installation tube (6) and anchor rod (7) at different positions on the same straight line and is slidably connected to them.

4. The remote surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nozzle (16) is spiral-shaped and made of elastic material.

5. The remote surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A piston plate (29) is slidably and sealed inside the storage cavity (26) at a position away from the isolation membrane (27); a spring three (30) is fixedly connected between the piston plate (29) and the side wall of the storage cavity (26), and the spring three (30) is in a compressed state; the glue is added inside the storage cavity (26) between the isolation membrane (27) and the piston plate (29); a baffle (31) is fixedly connected to the surface of the anchor tip (20) near the guide hole (25); there is a gap between the end of the baffle (31) facing the rod body (19) and the anchor tip (20).

6. A remote surface subsidence monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas stored inside the air cushion (14) is an irritating gas; the outlet end of the nozzle (16) is connected to a sound generator (18).

7. A method for remote fully automatic monitoring of land subsidence, wherein the method employs the remote land subsidence monitoring equipment described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that... Specifically, the following steps are included: S1: During installation, dig a pit in the ground, place the monitor, which consists of the monitor housing, mounting base, dial gauge and fixing mechanism, in the pit, and fix the reference plate with external equipment so that the reference plate will not sink with the ground. S2: Pull the safety bar upward by operating the block, and the anchor rod loses its fixing effect. The first spring pushes the anchor rod outward, so that the anchor rod inserts into the surrounding soil and fixes the monitor. S3: When settlement occurs, the monitor housing and dial gauge sink synchronously, and relative sliding occurs between the guide rod and the monitor housing. The settlement amount of the ground surface is read through the dial gauge, and the data of the dial gauge can be transmitted to external devices through the Internet of Things transmission module.

8. The method for remote fully automatic monitoring of land subsidence according to claim 7, characterized in that... The detailed steps of S2 are as follows: a: When the anchor rod extends outward, the anchor tip is resisted by the soil, causing the anchor tip and the rod body to move closer together and compress the second spring. In turn, the slider drives the pin to move towards the isolation membrane and puncture the isolation membrane. b: The glue inside the storage chamber is discharged outward through the central hole and guide hole, so that the glue is dispersed in the soil around the anchor rod.

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