Grafting method for improving flowering rate of bougainvillea spectabilis

Abstract

The application provides a grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea spectabilis, which comprises the following steps: selecting bougainvillea spectabilis branches, cutting the branches into a culture medium as rootstocks, sterilizing before grafting; arranging the scions into single-bud stem segments, treating the single-bud stem segments with bacteriostatic nutrients as scions A; transplanting and planting the scions A into the culture medium after grafting to obtain primary grafting seedlings; taking the branches of the primary grafting seedlings, arranging the branches into single-bud stem segments, cutting the single-bud stem segments from the lower part of the stem segments, and cutting the stem segments into bevels as scions B after treating the single-bud stem segments with bacteriostatic nutrients; transplanting and planting the scions B into the culture medium after grafting, transplanting the scions B into a planting area after successful planting, and culturing the scions B to obtain target bougainvillea spectabilis; and the bacteriostatic nutrients comprise tetramycin, carbendazim and triacontanol. After secondary grafting, the grafted bougainvillea spectabilis has the advantages of high grafting survival rate, large number of flowers, long new branch length in the full-bloom period, and effective improvement of the flowering rate and flowering quality of the bougainvillea spectabilis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural planting technology, and in particular to a grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea. Background Technology

[0002] Bougainvillea (scientific name: *Bougainvillea spectabilis* Willd.), also known as paper flower, nine-leaf bougainvillea, three-leaf bougainvillea, and hairy bougainvillea, is highly adaptable and ornamental, thus widely cultivated in southern landscaping and potted plant applications. However, in practical applications, the flowering of bougainvillea is not ideal; for example, it may only grow leaves without flowering, or the flowering period may be inconsistent, with a short peak bloom period, thus diminishing its aesthetic and ornamental value. Therefore, how to increase the flowering rate and extend the peak bloom period of bougainvillea is currently one of the hot research topics in bougainvillea research.

[0003] There are many varieties of bougainvillea, and their reproductive and growth performance varies. Generally, grafting can significantly improve the survival and flowering rates of different varieties. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a grafting method to improve the flowering rate of bougainvillea, so as to increase the survival rate and flowering rate of grafted bougainvillea.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A grafting method to improve the flowering rate of bougainvillea includes the following steps;

[0007] S1 planting: Select bougainvillea branches and insert them into the culture medium. Select branches with a diameter of at least 1cm as rootstock and sterilize them before grafting.

[0008] S2 Scion A: The scion is prepared into a single-bud stem segment. After treating the single-bud stem segment with an antibacterial nutrient agent, it is cut from the lower part of the stem segment and cut into a slant to serve as scion A.

[0009] S3 First grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion A into the opening, tie the interface tightly, and then transplant it into the culture medium to obtain a first grafted seedling.

[0010] S4 scion B: Take branches from the first grafted seedling, arrange them into single-bud stem segments, treat the single-bud stem segments with antibacterial nutrient solution, cut them from the lower part of the stem segment, and make a slanted surface to serve as scion B;

[0011] S4 Secondary grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion B into the opening, tie the interface tightly, and transplant it into the culture medium. After successful transplanting, transplant it to the planting area and cultivate it until the target bougainvillea is obtained.

[0012] The antibacterial nutrients include tetracycline, carbendazim, and triacontanol.

[0013] Preferably, an antibacterial nutrient agent is sprayed 2-3 days before grafting.

[0014] Preferably, the dosage of antibacterial nutrient agent is 20-40 mL / plant per day, and it is sprayed 1-2 times a day.

[0015] Preferably, the rootstock variety of bougainvillea is silver-leaf white bougainvillea, and the scion varieties of bougainvillea are California golden bougainvillea or orange-red bougainvillea.

[0016] Preferably, the antibacterial nutrient includes tetracycline, carbendazim, and triacontanol in a mass ratio of 1-2:1-2:0.2-0.3.

[0017] Preferably, tetracycline is diluted 800 to 1000 times, and carbendazim is diluted 1000 to 1200 times.

[0018] Preferably, in steps S2 and S4, the length of the single-bud stem segment is 4-5 cm, and it has 1-2 leaves.

[0019] Preferably, the stem is cut at an angle from 2 to 3 cm from the bottom of the single-bud stem segment.

[0020] Preferably, the culture medium includes sandy yellow clay, leaf mold, and perlite.

[0021] Preferably, the culture medium comprises sandy yellow clay, leaf mold, and perlite in a volume ratio of 5–6:3–4:1.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention uses bougainvillea cuttings to cultivate in a culture medium of sandy yellow clay, leaf mold, and perlite. Then, single-bud stem segments of bougainvillea are selected as scions. First-grafted seedlings cultivated through grafting are used as scions, and plants obtained from branch cutting cultivation are used as rootstocks. After the second grafting, the grafting survival rate is high, the number of flowers is large, and the length of new branches during the peak flowering period is long, effectively improving the flowering rate and flowering quality of bougainvillea.

[0024] This invention has found that using silver-leaved white bougainvillea as rootstock and California golden bougainvillea or orange-red bougainvillea as scions can improve the grafting survival rate and the number of flowers. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] S1 Planting: Select healthy, one-year-old silver-leafed bougainvillea branches that are free from damage, pests, and diseases. The branches should be 1cm in diameter. Insert them into the culture medium (volume ratio of sandy yellow clay: leaf mold: perlite = 5:3:1). Water regularly to maintain the relative humidity of the medium at 70-75%. Prune newly sprouted branches in time. After 30 days of cultivation, select healthy, pest-free plants as rootstocks. Three days before grafting, spray with an antibacterial nutrient agent daily at a rate of 30mL / plant, twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. At the same time, water thoroughly to obtain the rootstock.

[0030] The antibacterial nutrient solution is a mixture of tetracycline diluted 800 times, carbendazim diluted 1000 times, and triacontanol (mass ratio 1:1:0.2).

[0031] S2 Scion A: Select healthy, disease-free California golden bougainvillea mother plants growing in the park as scions. Select newly grown branches that have reached semi-mature state as scions, remove buds, and arrange them into single-bud stem segments while retaining 1-2 leaves on the stem segment. Soak the single-bud stem segments in an antibacterial nutrient solution (the same formula as the antibacterial nutrient solution in step S1). After treatment, cut a slant from the bottom of the single-bud stem segment to 2-3 cm of the stem segment as scion A.

[0032] S3 Single grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock from step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion A into the opening, tie the graft union tightly with thin thread, and then transplant it into the culture medium (same substrate formula as in step S1) to obtain a single grafted seedling.

[0033] S4 Scion B: Take the newly grown branches that have reached semi-corporealization from the first grafted seedling as scions, and arrange them into single-bud stem segments. Remove the buds and arrange them into single-bud stem segments, while retaining 1-2 leaves on the stem segment. Soak the single-bud stem segments in an antibacterial nutrient solution (the same formula as the antibacterial nutrient solution in step S1). After treatment, cut a slant from the bottom of the single-bud stem segment to 2-3 cm from the stem segment, and use it as scion B.

[0034] S4 Secondary grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion B into the opening, tie the interface tightly with a thin thread, and then transplant it into the culture medium (the same substrate formula as in step S1). After successful transplanting, transplant it to the planting area and cultivate it until the target bougainvillea is obtained.

[0035] Comparative Example 1

[0036] S1 Planting: Select healthy, one-year-old silver-leafed bougainvillea branches that are free from damage, pests, and diseases. The branches should be 1cm in diameter. Insert them into the culture medium (volume ratio of sandy yellow clay: leaf mold: perlite = 5:3:1). Water regularly to maintain the relative humidity of the medium at 70-75%. Prune newly sprouted branches in time. After 30 days of cultivation, select healthy, pest-free plants as rootstocks. Three days before grafting, spray with an antibacterial nutrient agent daily at a rate of 30mL / plant, twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. At the same time, water thoroughly to obtain the rootstock.

[0037] The antibacterial nutrient solution is a mixture of tetracycline diluted 800 times, carbendazim diluted 1000 times, and triacontanol (mass ratio 1:1:0.2).

[0038] S2 Scion A: Select healthy, disease-free California golden bougainvillea mother plants growing in the park as scions. Select newly grown branches that have reached semi-mature state as scions, remove buds, and arrange them into single-bud stem segments while retaining 1-2 leaves on the stem segment. Soak the single-bud stem segments in an antibacterial nutrient solution (the same formula as the antibacterial nutrient solution in step S1). After treatment, cut a slant from the bottom of the single-bud stem segment to 2-3 cm of the stem segment as scion A.

[0039] S3 Grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion A into the opening, tie the interface tightly with a thin thread, and then transplant it into the culture medium (same substrate formula as step S1) to obtain a grafted seedling. After successful transplanting, transplant it to the planting area and cultivate it until the target bougainvillea is obtained.

[0040] Experimental Example 1

[0041] The number of flowers produced by bougainvillea during the cultivation process was counted. Specifically, from the budding stage to the end of the flowering stage, five branches were randomly selected from each plant for counting. The count was repeated every 15 days to calculate the total number of flowers. The length of new branches was also counted on the 45th day. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0042] Table 1

[0043]

[0044] Note: Survival rate = (Number of surviving plants / Number of grafted plants) × 100%

[0045] The experimental results in the table above show that the grafting survival rate of Example 1 was 94.5%. In terms of the number of flowers per branch, the flowering period was longer and the number of flowers per branch was greater, indicating that by cultivating grafted seedlings through secondary grafting, the seedlings grew well, which can improve the grafting survival rate, increase the number of flowers, and improve the flowering rate of bougainvillea. In terms of the length of new branches, the length of new branches in Example 1 was 17.62 cm, indicating that cultivating grafted seedlings through secondary grafting can promote the growth of new branches during the peak flowering period and improve the reproductive growth of grafted bougainvillea.

[0046] Experimental Example 2

[0047] The effects of different rootstock and scion varieties are shown in Table 2 below. In Group 1, the cultivation and grafting methods for the silver-leaved white bougainvillea rootstock and orange-red bougainvillea scion were the same as in Example 1; in Group 2, the wild bougainvillea rootstock was a healthy, undamaged, disease-free, one-year-old wild bougainvillea that had grown naturally in the wild, and the cultivation and grafting methods for both the rootstock and scion were the same as in Example 1; in Group 3, the cultivation and grafting methods for the California golden bougainvillea rootstock and orange-red bougainvillea scion were the same as in Example 1.

[0048] Table 2

[0049]

[0050] The experimental results in the table above show that the grafting survival rate of Group 1 was 94.7%, the flowering period was longer, and the number of flowers per branch was relatively higher. This indicates that using different rootstock and scion varieties for grafting has different effects on the number of flowers per branch. Using silver-leaved white bougainvillea as rootstock and California golden bougainvillea or orange-red bougainvillea as scion improved the grafting survival rate and the number of flowers.

[0051] Experimental Example 3

[0052] The effects of different rootstock treatments on the survival rate of bougainvillea are shown in Table 3 below.

[0053] Group 4: Select healthy, undamaged, disease-free, and robust 3-year-old silver-leaved white bougainvillea as rootstock. Prune the branches and spray with antibacterial nutrient solution daily for 3 days before grafting. The dosage is 60 mL / plant, sprayed twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening. At the same time, water thoroughly. The formula of antibacterial nutrient solution, the subsequent cultivation method of scions, and the grafting method are all the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Group 5: Select healthy, one-year-old silver-leafed bougainvillea branches that are free from damage, pests, and diseases. The branches should be 1 cm in diameter. Spray the branches with an antibacterial nutrient solution at a rate of 60 mL per branch, twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, for three consecutive days. At the same time, irrigate the branches thoroughly. The rootstocks are prepared using the same antibacterial nutrient solution formula, subsequent scion cultivation method, and grafting method as in Example 1.

[0055] Group 6: Select healthy, one-year-old silver-leaved white bougainvillea branches that are free from damage, pests, and diseases. The branches should be 1 cm in diameter. Spray them daily with a fungicide (diluted with carbendazim 1000-1200 times) at a rate of 60 mL per plant, twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening, for three consecutive days. At the same time, irrigate the plants thoroughly to obtain rootstocks. The subsequent cultivation method for scions (using a fungicide diluted with carbendazim 1000-1200 times) and grafting method are the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Table 3

[0057] Group Survival rate / % 4 91.0 5 88.6 6 86.4

[0058] The experimental results in the table above show that the grafting survival rate of group 4 was 91.0%, while that of groups 5 and 6 was 88.6% and 86.4%, respectively. By first inserting the cuttings into a culture medium of sandy yellow clay, leaf mold and perlite, and then spraying with antibacterial nutrients such as tetracycline, carbendazim and triacontanol, the survival rate of grafted seedlings was effectively improved.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; S1 planting: Select bougainvillea branches and insert them into the culture medium. Select branches with a diameter of at least 1cm as rootstock and sterilize them before grafting. S2 Scion A: The scion is prepared into a single-bud stem segment. After treating the single-bud stem segment with an antibacterial nutrient agent, it is cut from the lower part of the stem segment and cut into a slant to serve as scion A. S3 First grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion A into the opening, tie the interface tightly, and then transplant it into the culture medium to obtain a first grafted seedling. S4 scion B: Take branches from the first grafted seedling, arrange them into single-bud stem segments, treat the single-bud stem segments with antibacterial nutrient solution, cut them from the lower part of the stem segment, and make a slanted surface to serve as scion B; S4 Secondary grafting: Cut the top of the rootstock in step S1, make an opening at the top cut surface, insert the scion B into the opening, tie the interface tightly, and transplant it into the culture medium. After successful transplanting, transplant it to the planting area and cultivate it until the target bougainvillea is obtained. The antibacterial nutrient includes tetracycline, carbendazim, and triacontanol; The rootstock variety for bougainvillea is silver-leaf white bougainvillea, and the scion varieties for bougainvillea grafting are California golden bougainvillea or orange-red bougainvillea. The antibacterial nutrient agent includes tetracycline, carbendazim, and triacontanol in a mass ratio of 1~2:1~2:0.2~0.3; tetracycline is diluted 800~1000 times, and carbendazim is diluted 1000~1200 times; The culture medium includes sandy yellow clay, leaf mold, and perlite.

2. The grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two to three days before grafting, spray with an antibacterial nutrient solution.

3. The grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dosage of antibacterial nutrient agent is 20-40 mL per plant per day, and it is applied 1-2 times a day.

4. The grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps S2 and S4, the length of the single-bud stem segment is 4-5 cm, and it has 1-2 leaves.

5. The grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea according to claim 4, characterized in that, Cut a slanted surface from 2-3 cm from the bottom of the single-bud stem segment.

6. The grafting method for improving the flowering rate of bougainvillea according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture medium consists of sandy yellow clay, leaf mold, and perlite in a volume ratio of 5-6:3-4:1.

Images