Cavitation generating device and method

Abstract

The application provides cavitation generating device and method, the cavitation generating device includes pipeline, first carrier is arranged in the pipeline, the gap between the outer edge of first carrier and the inner wall of pipeline, first group of annular extension is arranged on one side of first carrier and extends along the axial direction of first carrier, first drive unit is used for driving the rotation of first carrier around the axial direction, second carrier is arranged in the pipeline, second group of annular extension is arranged on the side of second carrier adjacent to first group of annular extension and extends along the axial direction of second carrier, each extension of second group of annular extension respectively extends into the adjacent extension of first group of annular extension, the opening of through hole of second carrier is arranged between second group of annular extension, the liquid in the pipeline flows through the gap, the space between first group of annular extension and second group of annular extension and the through hole in sequence and enters the downstream. The application has the advantages of good cavitation effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to cavitation, in particular to cavitation generating device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] For any liquid, under constant temperature and pressure reduction, when the pressure drops to a certain critical pressure (vaporization pressure), the gas dissolved in the liquid will be precipitated to form bubbles (cavitation, cavitation); after the bubble moves to a place with higher pressure, the steam in the bubble condenses and the bubble collapses. The bubble experiences the process of generation, development and collapse, and usually accompanied by a series of physical changes. The generation, development and collapse of bubbles in the liquid flow due to the change of pressure, and a series of physical changes caused thereby, are called cavitation.

[0003] In the cavitation field, countless cavitation bubbles are formed inside the liquid, and when the cavitation bubbles collapse, a huge amount of energy is released in the small space inside and around the cavitation bubbles, producing transient high temperature and high pressure (5000K, 1800atm), and generating micro-jets with a speed of more than 100m / s and a strong impact force, with a collision density of up to 1.5kg / cm2. Therefore, when the cavitation bubbles collapse, they will be accompanied by extremely complex physical and chemical effects, such as mechanical effect, thermal effect, optical effect and activation effect, etc.

[0004] The mechanical effect mainly manifests in the enhancement of the complex and intense movement of the heterogeneous reaction interface; the mechanical effect process includes adsorption, crystallization, material micronization, filtration and ultrasonic cleaning, etc. The chemical effect mainly manifests in the degradation of organic matter caused by high temperature and high pressure in the cavitation process, and the effective collision of molecular particles to increase the breaking of chemical bonds and the generation of free radicals, etc.; the process of chemical effect mainly includes electrochemistry, degradation of organic matter in heterogeneous chemical reaction, acceleration of chemical reaction and generation of free radicals, etc.

[0005] According to the generation mode of cavitation, it is divided into the following two types:

[0006] 1. Ultrasonic cavitation, which refers to the continuous and intense complex movement of the instantaneous expansion and instantaneous collapse of the small gas nuclei in the liquid under the action of the sound field. "Ultrasonic cavitation" is a complex fluid dynamics phenomenon and is unique to liquid. Usually, an electrically driven transducer, such as a transducer attached to the outer wall of the reactor tank, is used to generate ultrasonic cavitation, but the functions of sonochemistry, etc. are limited to a very small space near the end face of the ultrasonic transducer, and the cavitation field is not uniform, the cavitation effect is not obvious, and the amplification is difficult.

[0007] 2. Hydrodynamic cavitation refers to that when fluid and solid make relative high-speed shearing motion (such as fluid flowing through a hole plate), local low pressure is generated in the fluid, and when the pressure drops to cavitation inception pressure, a large number of cavities which continuously generate and collapse will be generated. Compared with ultrasonic cavitation, hydrodynamic cavitation has simple equipment, low cost, and can generate large-scale cavitation field (such as hole plate, various whistles, etc.), but the cavitation intensity of hydrodynamic cavitation is not as good as that of ultrasonic cavitation, and it is often insufficient to carry out some acoustic chemical reactions. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the application provides a cavitation generating device.

[0009] The application aims to realize the following technical solutions.

[0010] The cavitation generating device comprises a pipeline; the cavitation generating device further comprises:

[0011] The first bearing and the first driving unit are arranged in the pipeline, the outer edge of the first bearing and the inner wall of the pipeline have a gap, and the first group of annular extensions are arranged on one side of the first bearing and extend along the axial direction of the first bearing; the first driving unit is used for driving the first bearing to rotate around the axial direction.

[0012] The second bearing is arranged in the pipeline, the second group of annular extensions are arranged on one side of the second bearing which is adjacent to the first group of annular extensions and extend along the axial direction of the second bearing, each extension of the second group of annular extensions respectively extends into the adjacent extensions of the first group of annular extensions, and the openings of the through holes of the second bearing are arranged between the second group of annular extensions; in the pipeline, the liquid upstream flows through the gap between the first bearing and the inner wall of the pipeline, the space between the first group of annular extensions and the second group of annular extensions, and the through holes of the second bearing in sequence, and enters the downstream.

[0013] The application also aims to provide a separation method based on cavitation technology, and the application is realized by the following technical solutions.

[0014] According to the cavitation generating method of the cavitation generating device, the cavitation generating method is as follows.

[0015] In the pipeline, the first bearing rotates in the forward direction, the liquid upstream enters the space between the first group of annular extensions and the second group of annular extensions through the gap between the first bearing and the inner wall of the pipeline, and cavitation occurs in the liquid.

[0016] The liquid passes through the through holes of the second bearing and flows to the downstream.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects of:

[0018] 1. Good cavitation effect;

[0019] Based on the staggered distribution of the first and second groups of annular extensions, the liquid entering the staggered distribution area through the gap between the first carrier and the inner wall of the pipeline is prolonged in flow path length, and the liquid is subjected to multiple cavitations, which is sufficient, thereby improving the cavitation effect;

[0020] The ultrasonic wave generating unit is located outside the pipeline, which promotes the ultrasonic cavitation of the liquid in the pipeline, especially the liquid flowing through the gap, thereby further improving the cavitation effect;

[0021] The first and second carriers move axially in the pipeline, and this design of changing the distance makes the liquid repeatedly pass through the staggered distribution area, that is, the liquid passes through the ultrasonic cavitation area multiple times, and the cavitation is more thorough;

[0022] 2. Simple structure;

[0023] The carriers, annular extensions, driving units and pipelines are conventional components, and the overall cavitation device has a simple structure;

[0024] The matching between the external threads on the outer edge of the second carrier and the internal threads on the inner wall of the pipeline enables the second carrier to move axially when it rotates in the pipeline, thereby reducing the structural complexity of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] The disclosure of the present application will become more apparent with reference to the drawings. It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that these drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. In the drawings:

[0026] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a cavitation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a cavitation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of a cavitation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of a cavitation generating device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Figures 1-4The optional embodiments of the present application are described in the following description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in order to teach those skilled in the art how to carry out and reproduce the present application. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted in order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that variations or modifications of the present application can be made based on the optional embodiments described in the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the features described below can be combined in various ways to form various modifications of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the optional embodiments described below, but only defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Figure 1 The structure of the cavitation generating device of Embodiment 1 of the present application is schematically shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the cavitation generating device comprises: Figure 1

[0033] A pipe 11 in a cylindrical structure is used to transport liquid;

[0034] A first carrier 21 in a disc structure is arranged in the pipe 11, and a plurality of teeth are arranged on the circumferential outer edge of the first carrier 21, and a gap is formed between the teeth and the inner wall of the pipe 11. A first set of annular extensions 22 is arranged on one side of the first carrier 21 in concentric circles and extends along the axial direction of the first carrier 21. A first driving unit in the form of a motor is used to drive the rotation of the first carrier 21.

[0035] A second carrier 31 in a disc structure is arranged in the pipe 11, and the circumferential outer edge of the second carrier 31 is sealed with the inner wall of the pipe 11. A second set of annular extensions 32 is arranged on one side of the second carrier 31 adjacent to the first set of annular extensions 22 in concentric circles and extends along the axial direction of the second carrier 31. Each extension of the second set of annular extensions 32 extends into the space between adjacent extensions of the first set of annular extensions 22, i.e., the first set of annular extensions 22 and the second set of annular extensions 32 are distributed in an interleaved manner but do not contact each other. The opening of a through hole 41 passing through the central axis of the second carrier 31 is arranged between the second set of annular extensions 32. In the pipe 11, the liquid in the upstream 12 flows through the gap 51, the space between the first set of annular extensions 22 and the second set of annular extensions 32, and the through hole 41 in sequence, and enters the downstream 13. The axial directions of the first carrier 21, the second carrier 31, and the pipe 11 are collinear.

[0036] The distance between the end of the first set of annular extensions 22 and the surface of the second carrier 31 is 0.5-2.5 cm, such as 1.5 cm, and the distance between the end of the second set of annular extensions 32 and the surface of the first carrier 21 is 0.5-2.5 cm, such as 2 cm.

[0037] ​A plurality of ultrasonic wave generating units 61 are arranged outside the pipeline 11, and are arranged outside the gap 51 and the staggered distribution region 91, so that the first group of annular extensions 22, the second group of annular extensions 32 and the ultrasonic wave generating units 61 are arranged in sequence in the radial direction of the pipeline 11, and the ultrasonic wave generating units 61 are arranged outside the pipeline 11 in the region of the gap 51.

[0038] The cavitation generation method of the embodiment, i.e., the working process of the cavitation generation device of the embodiment, is as follows:

[0039] In the pipeline 11, the first carrier 21 rotates, the liquid in the upstream 12 passes through the gap 51 between the first carrier 21 and the inner wall of the pipeline 11, the ultrasonic wave generating units 61 work, so that the liquid in the gap and the region close to the ultrasonic wave generating units 61 in the pipeline 11 generates ultrasonic cavitation, and hydraulic cavitation occurs in the gap 51, and then the liquid enters the staggered distribution region 91 from the outside to the inside;

[0040] The liquid in the staggered distribution region 91 occurs multiple flow direction bends, and under the high-speed rotation of the first carrier 21, multiple hydraulic cavitations occur;

[0041] The liquid passes through the through holes 41 on the second carrier 21 and is thrown to the downstream 13, and hydraulic cavitation occurs again.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the cavitation generation device of the embodiment 2 of the application is schematically shown as follows: Figure 2 Different from the embodiment 1, as shown in the figure, the differences are as follows:

[0044] 1. The first carrier 21 between adjacent first group of annular extensions 22 has through holes 41, so that the liquid in the upstream 12 passes through the plurality of through holes 41 and enters the first group of annular extensions 22, thereby increasing the amount of cavitated liquid;

[0045] 2. The second carrier 31 between adjacent second group of annular extensions 32 has through holes 41, so that the liquid in the staggered distribution region 91 passes through more through holes 41 and enters the downstream 13, thereby increasing the amount of cavitated liquid;

[0046] 3. A plurality of ultrasonic wave generating units 61 are arranged outside the pipeline 11 in the upstream 12 of the first carrier 21 and the outside of the pipeline 11 in the downstream 13 of the second carrier 31 and outside the staggered distribution region 91;

[0047] 4. In the cavitation generation method of the embodiment, cavitation occurs when the liquid passes through the through holes 41 on the first carrier 21, and cavitation occurs when the liquid passes through all the through holes 41 on the second carrier 31.

[0048] Embodiment 3

[0049] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the cavitation generating device of embodiment 3 of the present application is schematically shown in Fig. 3, which is different from embodiment 2 in that: Figure 3

[0050] 1. The gap 51 between the outer edge of the second carrier 31 and the inner wall of the pipeline 11;

[0051] 2. The second driving unit drives the second carrier 31 to rotate, and the third driving unit drives the first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 to move along the axial direction of the pipeline 11;

[0052] 3. In the cavitation generating method of the present embodiment, the liquid generates hydraulic cavitation and ultrasonic cavitation when passing through the gap 51 between the second carrier 21 and the inner wall of the pipeline 11.

[0053] The first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 move towards each other in the axial direction of the pipeline 11, the speed changes from large to small, the relative speed difference at any position is constant, the maximum speed difference of the two carriers moving towards each other is more than 2 times, the speed at the limit point position is 0, the distance between the end of the first set of annular extensions 22 and the surface of the second carrier 31 changes, the minimum value is 0.5-2.5 cm, such as 1.5 cm, the distance between the end of the second set of annular extensions 32 and the surface of the first carrier 21 changes, the minimum value is 0.5-2.5 cm, such as 2 cm; in the change of the distance between the surfaces, the liquid in the staggered distribution area 91 is extruded and repeatedly passes through the area, when approaching the inner wall of the pipeline 11, it is ultrasonically cavitated, at the same time, the first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 move at different speeds in the axial direction of the pipeline 11, complex pressure fluctuations and impacts are generated in the pipeline 11, and the complex combination state of oil, water, particles and the like in the liquid is destroyed.

[0054] Embodiment 4

[0055] The cavitation generating method of embodiment 4 of the present application is different from embodiment 3 in that:

[0056] The first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 move in the same direction in the axial direction of the pipeline 11, the relative speed difference at any position changes, the maximum speed difference of the first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 moving towards each other is more than 5 times, the speed at the limit point position is 0, which can reach the limit point position at the same time, can reach the limit point position at intervals, or can not reach the limit point position at the same time.

[0057] Embodiment 5

[0058] Figure 4 ​The structure diagram of the cavitation generating device of the embodiment 3 of the present application is shown schematically as Figure 4 Different from the embodiment 3, as shown in

[0059] 1. The outer edge of the second carrier 31 has external threads, and the inner wall of the pipe 11 has internal threads 81 matching the external threads, so that the second carrier 31 moves axially and rotates simultaneously within the pipe 11, and a special driving unit is not needed to provide axial movement for the second carrier 31;

[0060] 2. When the relative position of the second carrier 31 and each ultrasonic generator in the ultrasonic generating unit 61 changes, the ultrasonic generator is enhanced to 1.5 times or more of the original when it does not overlap the second carrier 31, and remains standby or works at 0.2 times or less of the power when it overlaps the second carrier 31.

[0061] In the above embodiments, the liquid passes through the first carrier 21 and the second carrier 31 in sequence, that is, from the upstream 12 on the right side of the first carrier 21 to the downstream 13 on the left side of the second carrier 31, and of course, it can pass through the second carrier 31 and the first carrier 21 in sequence, at this time, the left side of the second carrier 31 is the upstream, and the right side of the first carrier 21 is the downstream, and this scheme can achieve the same or similar technical effects as the above embodiments.

Claims

1. Cavitation generating device comprising a pipe; characterized in that, Also included are: a first carrier disposed within the conduit, the first carrier having a gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the conduit, and a first set of annular extensions disposed on one side of the first carrier and extending axially along the first carrier; a second carrier disposed within the conduit, a second set of annular extensions disposed on a side of the second carrier opposite the first set of annular extensions and extending axially along the second carrier, each extension of the second set of annular extensions extending into the space between adjacent extensions of the first set of annular extensions, and openings of through-holes of the second carrier disposed between the second set of annular extensions; and an ultrasonic wave generating unit disposed on an outer side of the conduit and opposite the gap in a radial direction of the conduit and / or opposite the staggered distribution region between the first and second sets of annular extensions; wherein the liquid flows sequentially through the gap, the space between the first and second sets of annular extensions, the through-holes of the second carrier, and downstream in the conduit, and wherein the staggered distribution region constitutes a plurality of cavitation regions.

2. The cavitation generating device of claim 1, wherein The first carrier has through-holes extending through the first carrier between adjacent extensions of the first set of annular extensions.

3. The cavitation generating device of claim 1, wherein The cavitation generating device further includes a second drive unit for rotating the second carrier, the second carrier having a gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the conduit.

4. The cavitation generating device of claim 1, wherein The cavitation generating device further includes a third drive unit for moving the second carrier and the first carrier axially along the conduit, the second carrier having a gap between its outer edge and the inner wall of the conduit, and the first carrier, the second carrier, and the conduit being collinear in the axial direction.

5. The cavitation generating device of claim 1, wherein, The outer edge of the second carrier has external threads and the inner wall of the conduit has internal threads matching the external threads of the second carrier, such that the second carrier is simultaneously moved axially and rotated within the conduit.

6. The cavitation generating device of claim 1, wherein, The second carrier is sealed from the inner wall of the conduit.

7. A cavitation generating method using the cavitation generating device of any one of claims 1-6, the cavitation generating method comprising: in the conduit, the first carrier is rotated in a forward direction, the liquid upstream passes through the gap between the first carrier and the inner wall of the conduit, enters the space between the first and second sets of annular extensions, and cavitation occurs in the liquid; the liquid passes through the through-holes of the second carrier and flows downstream.

8. The cavitation generation method of claim 7, wherein, the second carrier is rotated in a reverse direction.

9. The cavitation generation method of claim 7, wherein, the first carrier and the second carrier are moved in the axial direction such that the distance between the first carrier and the second carrier changes. the first carrier and the second carrier are moved in the axial direction such that the distance between the first carrier and the second carrier changes.

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