Precast concrete wall, fabricated building and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a prefabricated concrete wall, a prefabricated building and a construction method. The prefabricated concrete wall is provided with a prefabricated formwork at the top, a connecting groove is formed in the prefabricated formwork, and a protruding anchoring block is arranged at the bottom. Two rows of vertical steel bars are arranged in the prefabricated concrete wall. Each row of vertical steel bars comprises first vertical steel bars and second vertical steel bars which are arranged at intervals. The first vertical steel bars are arranged to protrude from the connecting groove at the top, and the second vertical steel bars are arranged to protrude from the bottom of the prefabricated concrete wall. Floor connecting end heads are arranged at the sides of the prefabricated concrete wall, and a plurality of horizontal steel bars are arranged in the floor connecting end heads. The prefabricated concrete wall does not need to be embedded with sleeves, and the process of embedding sleeves and sleeve grouting is avoided, so that the assembly efficiency of the prefabricated concrete wall is improved. The prefabricated building and the construction method adopt a non-sleeve splicing form, greatly reduce the splicing difficulty of prefabricated components, and improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a precast concrete wall, prefabricated building and construction method, belonging to the field of prefabricated exterior wall technology for prefabricated buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated exterior walls of prefabricated buildings often use sleeve grouting for vertical connection. First, several sleeves are pre-embedded at the bottom of the upper wall, and a corresponding number of vertical steel bars are set at the top of the lower wall. During installation, all the sleeves are fitted onto the vertical steel bars to achieve splicing. Then, the verticality is adjusted by diagonal supports, and grouting is performed inside the sleeves.

[0003] The existing problems in prefabricated exterior wall construction are as follows:

[0004] 1. During the installation of precast walls, a lot of effort is required to connect the embedded sleeves and the reinforcing bars. If the embedded sleeves or reinforcing bars are significantly misaligned, the wall will be unable to be installed, resulting in quality problems such as components being returned to the factory or the reinforcing bars being cut.

[0005] 2. If the grouting quality inside the sleeve cannot be guaranteed, it may weaken the anchorage strength between the steel bars and the concrete, posing a safety hazard.

[0006] 3. The manual adjustment of the wall verticality by using diagonal bracing is inefficient. Many projects use a concentrated grouting method every three floors. Before the grouting work is completed, the diagonal bracing cannot be removed, which occupies a lot of diagonal bracing and a large area of ​​work space, resulting in a messy site and safety issues such as haphazard bracing and welding.

[0007] 4. Centralized grouting requires professional grouting workers to operate, with on-site supervision and the retention of a large amount of video data, resulting in a large workload. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, this application provides a precast concrete wall, an assembled building and a construction method.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention includes the following technical solutions:

[0010] A precast concrete wall, wherein a precast mold shell is provided on the top of the precast concrete wall, and a connecting groove is formed inside the precast mold shell;

[0011] The bottom of the precast concrete wall is provided with a protruding anchor block, the height of which matches the depth of the connecting groove.

[0012] The precast concrete wall is provided with two rows of vertical steel bars. Each row of vertical steel bars includes a first vertical steel bar and a second vertical steel bar that are spaced apart. The top of the first vertical steel bar extends out of the connecting groove and matches the height of the precast mold shell. The bottom of the second vertical steel bar extends out of the bottom of the precast concrete wall and is located on the side of the anchor block. The length of the bottom of the second vertical steel bar extends out to match the depth of the connecting groove.

[0013] The precast concrete wall has a floor slab connection end on its side, and a number of horizontal steel bars are provided inside the floor slab connection end, with one end of each horizontal steel bar extending out from the floor slab connection end.

[0014] Furthermore, a first pre-embedded nut is provided in the connecting groove. The first pre-embedded nut is used to install the lifting ring. The lifting ring is provided with a lifting ring screw. One end of the lifting ring screw is fixed to the lifting ring, and the other end is threadedly connected to the first pre-embedded nut.

[0015] Furthermore, a second embedded nut is provided on the precast concrete wall below the floor slab connection end. The second embedded nut is used to install an L-shaped bracket. One end of the L-shaped bracket is provided with a bracket screw, which can be threadedly connected to the second embedded nut. The other end is provided with a lifting lug.

[0016] Accordingly, this application also provides a prefabricated building, which includes at least two of the aforementioned precast concrete walls and floor slabs;

[0017] Two precast concrete walls are spliced ​​together vertically, with the lower one being the first wall and the upper one being the second wall; the precast formwork of the first wall is filled with post-filled concrete, and the anchor blocks and the second vertical steel bars of the second wall are inserted into the post-filled concrete;

[0018] The first vertical steel bars and the second vertical steel bars located in the precast formwork of the first wall are staggered and together with the anchor blocks and the post-filled concrete form a staggered anchoring structure;

[0019] The floor slab connection end is spliced ​​with the floor slab.

[0020] Accordingly, this application also provides a construction method for the prefabricated building, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Fill the formwork at the top of the first wall section with concrete, and vibrate it thoroughly to form the post-filled concrete.

[0022] Step 2: Use hoisting machinery to hoist the second wall and adjust the verticality of the second wall so that the anchor blocks and the second vertical steel bars of the second wall are inserted into the backfill concrete. The second wall is spliced ​​with the first wall vertically, and the first vertical steel bars of the first wall and the second vertical steel bars of the second wall are interlocked and anchored to each other.

[0023] Step 3: Adjust the top position of the second wall to make it vertical, and temporarily fix the second wall with fasteners, then remove the hoisting machinery;

[0024] Step 4: After the backfill concrete reaches the predetermined strength, remove the fasteners.

[0025] Furthermore, in step two, a balancing beam is used to adjust the verticality of the second wall. The balancing beam includes a lifting beam and an adjusting beam arranged in a cross shape. The lifting beam has a first hook symmetrically arranged at the top and a second hook symmetrically arranged at the bottom. The adjusting beam has a third hook at one end and a hollow chamber at the other end. The chamber contains a first adjustment mechanism and a second adjustment mechanism. Both the first and second adjustment mechanisms include a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and a counterweight. The drive motor moves the counterweight along the length of the adjusting beam through the transmission mechanism. A lifting ring is provided at the top of the second wall. Lifting lugs are provided on the second wall below the floor slab connection end.

[0026] Adjusting the verticality of the second wall using a balance beam includes the following steps:

[0027] The hoisting machinery is connected to the first hook via hoisting ropes, the lifting ring of the second wall is connected to the second hook, and the third hook is connected to the lifting lug of the second wall.

[0028] Control the hoisting machinery to lift the second wall a certain distance off the ground;

[0029] Control the rotation of the drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism to move the counterweight of the first vertical adjustment mechanism, and make a coarse adjustment of the verticality of the precast concrete wall.

[0030] The drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism is controlled to rotate, causing the counterweight of the second vertical adjustment mechanism to move, thereby finely adjusting the verticality of the precast concrete wall.

[0031] Furthermore, the balance beam also includes a first controller, which has a first range and a second range for controlling verticality, wherein the first range is greater than the second range;

[0032] A plumb bob is installed on the precast concrete wall, and the plumb bob can transmit verticality data to the first controller;

[0033] When the detected verticality data is outside the first range, the first controller controls the drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism to rotate, coarsely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the first range; then the first controller controls the drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism to rotate, finely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the second range.

[0034] Furthermore, visual measurement devices are installed on at least two adjacent sides of the prefabricated formwork of the first wall; during the hoisting of the second wall, the visual measurement devices can capture images of the bottom of the second wall in real time and transmit the image data to the control terminal.

[0035] The control terminal can identify the bottom outline of the second wall based on the received image, calculate the spatial position of the outline, determine the height difference and planar coordinate deviation between the precast formwork of the second wall and the first wall, and display the results on the crane operator's control panel.

[0036] Furthermore, in step three, a vertical adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the top position of the second wall to make the second wall vertical. The vertical adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal track, a traveling mechanism, a support column, a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism, a fastening buckle, and a second controller.

[0037] During the installation of the second wall, a climbing formwork is installed, on which a protective frame and a footboard skeleton are mounted. A horizontal track is set on the footboard skeleton, and two traveling mechanisms are spaced apart on the horizontal track. The first adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment sleeve and an adjustment arm. The first adjustment sleeve is horizontally positioned, with two support columns at its bottom, the bottoms of which are connected to the traveling mechanisms. One end of the adjustment arm is inserted into the first adjustment sleeve, and the second controller can control the length of the adjustment arm extending beyond the first adjustment sleeve. The second adjustment mechanism includes a second adjustment sleeve and an adjustment forearm. One end of the second adjustment sleeve is connected to one end of the adjustment arm, and one end of the adjustment forearm is inserted into the second adjustment sleeve. The second controller can control the length of the adjustment forearm extending beyond the second adjustment sleeve. A fastening buckle is provided at the end of the adjustment forearm.

[0038] The second wall is vertical by adjusting the top position of the second wall using a plumb line adjustment mechanism. The specific steps include the following:

[0039] Align the position of the vertical adjustment mechanism with the top position of the second wall;

[0040] The second controller controls the walking mechanism to move, so that the first adjusting sleeve is in the appropriate position;

[0041] The second controller controls the length of the adjusting arm extending out of the first adjusting sleeve, so that the distance between the two fastening buckles meets the requirements.

[0042] The second controller controls the length of the adjusting arm extending from the second adjusting sleeve, so that the two fastening buckles match the position of the second wall lifting lug.

[0043] Secure the fastener to the hanging ring at the top of the second wall, and then control the length of the adjusting arm extending out of the second adjusting sleeve to ensure that the verticality of the second wall meets the requirements.

[0044] Furthermore, the fastener is a connecting steel plate; connecting nuts are pre-embedded on the side of the splicing end of the second wall and the first wall, and the connecting steel plate is fixedly connected to the connecting nuts by bolts, thus splicing and fixing the second wall and the first wall.

[0045] The present invention, by adopting the above technical solutions, has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art: The precast concrete wall provided by this application does not require pre-embedded sleeves, avoiding the processes of pre-embedding sleeves and grouting sleeves, thus improving the assembly efficiency of precast concrete walls. The precast assembled building and construction method provided by this application only requires setting high-strength concrete in the precast mold shell of the first wall, and directly hoisting the second wall and inserting the second vertical steel bar and anchor block of the second wall into the high-strength concrete in the precast mold shell of the first wall. The first vertical steel bar, the second vertical steel bar, the anchor block and the high-strength concrete in the precast mold shell form an interlocking anchor structure. The floor slab connection ends and horizontal steel bars are spliced ​​with the floor slab to form an integral structure. The non-sleeve splicing form avoids the processes of pre-embedding sleeves, connecting steel bars with sleeves, and grouting, greatly reducing the splicing difficulty of precast components and improving construction efficiency. This application also provides a balancing lifting beam to adjust the verticality of the second wall, which can accelerate the splicing speed of the second wall and the first wall. This application also provides a vertical adjustment mechanism that, after the second wall is placed on the first wall, further adjusts the top position of the second wall to make the second wall vertical, thereby ensuring that the verticality of the prefabricated building exterior wall meets the requirements. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figures 1 to 3 These are schematic diagrams of a precast concrete wall from three different angles according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated building according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the splicing of two precast concrete walls in a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a balance beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second sag adjustment mechanisms provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lifting ring, bracket, and plumb bob according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a balanced lifting beam lifting a precast concrete wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of adjusting the verticality of a precast concrete wall using a balancing beam, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a visual measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical adjustment device and a protective frame provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertical adjustment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] The numbers in the diagram are as follows:

[0058] 10-Precast concrete wall; 11-First vertical reinforcement; 12-Second vertical reinforcement; 13-Precast formwork; 14-Connecting groove; 15-Anchor block; 16-Floor slab connection end; 17-Horizontal reinforcement; 18-Rough surface; 19-Lifting ring;

[0059] 20-floor slab;

[0060] 30- Fill with concrete afterward;

[0061] 40-Balancing lifting beam; 41-Lifting crossbeam; 411-First hook; 412-Second hook; 42-Adjusting crossbeam; 421-Third hook; 43-First plumb bob; 44-Second plumb bob; 431-Drive motor; 432-Driving wheel; 433-Driven wheel; 434-Transmission belt; 435-Counterweight; 45-Baffle; 46-Corner; 461-Lifting lug; 47-Plumb meter; 48-Visual measurement device;

[0062] 50 - Protective frame; 51 - Pedal frame; 52 - Working pedal;

[0063] 60-Adjusting device; 61-Horizontal track; 62-Traveling mechanism; 63-Support column; 64-First adjusting mechanism; 641-First adjusting sleeve; 642-Adjusting boom; 65-Second adjusting mechanism; 651-Second adjusting sleeve; 652-Adjusting forearm; 66-Fastening buckle; 67-Second controller. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The precast concrete wall, assembled building, and construction method provided by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] Combination Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a precast concrete wall 10, the top of which is provided with a precast mold shell 13. The precast mold shell 13 is formed by the top sidewall of the precast concrete wall 10, and a connecting groove 14 is formed inside the precast mold shell 13. For example, the height of the precast mold shell 13 and the depth of the connecting groove 14 are both 20cm, and the thickness of the precast mold shell 13 is 2cm.

[0067] The precast concrete wall 10 has a protruding anchor block 15 at its bottom, and the height of the anchor block 15 matches the depth of the connecting groove 14. For example, the anchor block 15 has a height of 18-19cm and a rough surface 18 with a depth of 6mm on its side. The rough surface is beneficial for bonding with the subsequent filling concrete 30.

[0068] The precast concrete wall 10 is provided with two rows of vertical reinforcing bars. Each row of vertical reinforcing bars includes a first vertical reinforcing bar 11 and a second vertical reinforcing bar 12 spaced apart. The top of the first vertical reinforcing bar 11 extends from the connecting groove 14 and matches the height of the precast formwork 13. The bottom of the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 extends from the bottom of the precast concrete wall 10 and is located on both sides of the anchor block 15. The length of the bottom extension of the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 matches the depth of the connecting groove 14. For example, the top extension length of the first vertical reinforcing bar 11 is 20cm, and the bottom extension length of the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 is 20cm. The bottom of the first vertical reinforcing bar 11 is flush with the precast concrete wall 10, or the bottom of the first vertical reinforcing bar 11 is bent and extends out of the precast concrete wall 10. The bending is to stagger the position, which facilitates the splicing between the first vertical reinforcing bars of the upper and lower precast concrete wall 10 and between the second vertical reinforcing bars. The top of the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 does not extend from the connecting groove 14.

[0069] The precast concrete wall 10 has a floor slab connection end 16 on its side. Several horizontal steel bars 17 are provided inside the floor slab connection end 16, with one end of each horizontal steel bar 17 extending out from the floor slab connection end 16. For example, the floor slab connection end 16 has a height of 13cm and an extension length of 30cm, and the horizontal steel bars 17 are divided into upper and lower layers with an extension length of 20cm.

[0070] This embodiment provides a precast concrete wall 10 that eliminates the need for pre-embedded sleeves, avoiding the steps of pre-embedding sleeves and grouting sleeves, and avoiding the problem of aligning sleeves with reinforcing bars during the splicing of precast components. It only requires setting high-strength concrete in the precast formwork 13 of the already constructed precast concrete wall 10, and then directly hoisting another precast concrete wall and inserting the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 and anchor block 15 into the high-strength concrete. The first vertical reinforcing bar 11, the second vertical reinforcing bar 12, the anchor block 15 and the high-strength concrete in the precast formwork 13 form an interlocking anchoring area, which greatly reduces the splicing difficulty of precast components and improves construction efficiency.

[0071] Example 2

[0072] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a prefabricated building, which includes at least two precast concrete walls 10 and a floor slab 20. The two precast concrete walls 10 are spliced ​​vertically, with the lower one being the first wall and the upper one being the second wall. The precast formwork 13 of the first wall contains post-filled concrete 30, and the anchoring block 15 and the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 of the second wall are inserted into the post-filled concrete 30 of the first wall. The first vertical reinforcing bar 11 and the second vertical reinforcing bar 12 located within the precast formwork 13 of the first wall are staggered and form an interlocking anchorage structure together with the anchoring block 15 and the post-filled concrete 30.

[0073] The post-filled concrete 30 can be high-strength concrete. The grade of the high-strength concrete here is at least higher than the strength of the concrete used in the precast concrete wall 10. The specific size can be determined according to actual needs.

[0074] The prefabricated building provided in this embodiment only requires high-strength concrete to be placed in the prefabricated formwork 13 of the first wall. The second wall is then directly hoisted and the second vertical steel bar 12 and anchor block 15 of the second wall are inserted into the high-strength concrete in the prefabricated formwork of the first wall. The first vertical steel bar 11, the second vertical steel bar 12, the anchor block 15 and the high-strength concrete in the prefabricated formwork 13 form an interlocking anchor structure. The floor slab connection end 16 and the horizontal steel bar 17 are spliced ​​with the floor slab 20 to form an integral structure. The non-sleeve splicing method avoids the need for sleeve pre-embedding, steel bar and sleeve docking, grouting and other processes, which greatly reduces the splicing difficulty of prefabricated components and improves construction efficiency.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] This embodiment provides a construction method for the prefabricated building described in Embodiment 2, including the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Fill the precast formwork 13 at the top of the completed first wall with concrete, and after thorough vibration, form the post-filled concrete 30.

[0078] Step 2: Use hoisting machinery to hoist the second wall and adjust the verticality of the second wall so that the anchor block 15 and the second vertical steel bar 12 of the second wall are inserted into the backfill concrete 30. The first vertical steel bar 11 of the first wall and the second vertical steel bar 12 of the second wall are interlocked and anchored to each other. The second wall is connected to the first wall.

[0079] Step 3: Adjust the top position of the second wall to make it vertical, and temporarily fix the second wall with fasteners, then remove the hoisting machinery;

[0080] Step 4: After the backfill concrete reaches the predetermined strength, remove the fasteners.

[0081] It should be noted that the fastener can be a connecting steel plate, which splices and fixes the second wall to the first wall. As one implementation method, connecting nuts are pre-embedded in the precast concrete wall, and the connecting steel plate is fixed to the connecting nuts with bolts, facilitating the installation and removal of the connecting steel plate.

[0082] Example 4

[0083] It should be noted that the conventional hoisting method for precast concrete components involves setting lifting lugs on the top of the precast concrete component, with the hoisting machinery hooking onto the lugs. The precast concrete component is then vertically positioned under its own weight, allowing for assembly. However, the precast concrete wall 10 in this embodiment has floor slab connection ends 16 and horizontal reinforcing bars 17. Therefore, under its own weight, the precast concrete wall 10 forms a certain angle with the vertical plane. To facilitate the rapid assembly of the precast concrete wall 10, this embodiment also provides a balancing lifting beam 40.

[0084] Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the balancing beam 40 includes a cross-shaped lifting beam 41 and an adjusting beam 42. The top of the lifting beam 41 is symmetrically equipped with a first hook 411 for connection to the lifting machinery, and the bottom of the lifting beam 41 is symmetrically equipped with a second hook 412 for connection to the precast concrete wall 10. Furthermore, a pre-embedded nut is installed in the connecting groove of the precast concrete wall, and a screw is installed on the lifting ring 19. The screw is threadedly connected to the pre-embedded nut, thereby enabling quick installation of the lifting ring. After use, the connection between the screw and the pre-embedded nut is removed, allowing the lifting ring and screw to be reused multiple times. During lifting, the lifting ring 19 is installed in the connecting groove 14 of the second wall, and the second hook 412 is connected to the lifting ring 19 via a lifting rope 413.

[0085] Combination Figures 6 to 10 As shown, one end of the adjusting crossbeam 42 is provided with a third hook 421. The third hook 421 is connected to the side of the precast concrete wall 10 through a lifting rope 413. As an example, an L-shaped corbel 46 can be installed on the side of the precast concrete wall. A lifting lug 461 is provided on the L-shaped corbel 46. The third hook 421 and the lifting lug 461 are connected through a lifting rope 413. For example, nuts can be embedded in the side of the precast concrete wall, and a screw rod is provided at one end of the L-shaped corbel. The screw rod of the L-shaped corbel is bolted to the embedded nut. The other end of the adjusting crossbeam 42 is provided with a hollow chamber. A first verticality adjusting mechanism 43 and a second verticality adjusting mechanism 44 are arranged in the chamber. Both the first verticality adjusting mechanism 43 and the second verticality adjusting mechanism 44 include a driving motor 431, a transmission mechanism and a counterweight 435. The driving motor 431 makes the counterweight 435 move along the length direction of the adjusting crossbeam 42 through the transmission mechanism. The movement of the counterweight 435 can adjust the angle between the adjusting crossbeam 42 and the horizontal plane, raise or lower the verticality adjusting hook, so as to adjust the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10. As an example, the transmission mechanism includes a driving wheel 432, a driven wheel 433 and a transmission belt 434 wound around the driving wheel 432 and the driven wheel 433. The counterweight 435 is placed on the transmission belt 434. The transmission belt can be a transmission plate. The transmission belt can be connected to the driving wheel and the driven wheel in a conventional crawler connection or a gear connection. In order to limit the position of the counterweight, baffles 45 are arranged at both ends of the transmission belt. The counterweight can be a lead block. The weight of the counterweight 435 of the first verticality adjusting mechanism 43 is M1, and the weight of the counterweight 435 of the second verticality adjusting mechanism 44 is M2, where M2 << M1. For example, M2 is 0.5M1, 0.2M1 or 0.1M1. Thus, the first verticality adjusting mechanism 43 roughly adjusts the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10, and the second verticality adjusting mechanism 44 finely adjusts the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10.

[0086] Combination Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the method for adjusting the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10 by using the balance lifting beam 40 is as follows:

[0087] Connect the lifting rope of the hoisting machinery to the first hook 411 at the top of the lifting crossbeam 41;

[0088] Lifting rings 19 are symmetrically installed in the connection grooves at the top of the precast concrete wall 10, and the lifting rings 19 are connected to the second hook 412 through lifting ropes;

[0089] A verticality adjusting corbel is installed on the side of the precast concrete wall 10. A fourth hook is provided on the verticality adjusting corbel, and the fourth hook is connected to the third hook through a lifting rope;

[0090] Control the hoisting machinery to lift the precast concrete wall 10 a certain distance from the ground;

[0091] The drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism 43 is controlled to rotate, so that the counterweight 435 of the first vertical adjustment mechanism 43 moves, and the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10 is coarsely adjusted.

[0092] The drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism 44 is controlled to rotate, so that the counterweight 435 of the second vertical adjustment mechanism 44 moves, and the verticality of the precast concrete wall 10 is finely adjusted.

[0093] A plumb bob 47 is installed on the precast concrete wall 10. The balance beam 40 also includes a first controller. The plumb bob 47 can transmit verticality data to the first controller. The first controller can control the rotation of the drive motors of the first vertical adjustment mechanism 43 and the second vertical adjustment mechanism 44. The first controller has a preset first range and a second range for controlling verticality, wherein the first range is larger than the second range.

[0094] When the detected verticality data is within the second range, the verticality of the second wall meets the requirements.

[0095] When the detected verticality data is within the first range and outside the second range, the first controller controls the drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism 44 to rotate, so as to finely adjust the verticality of the second wall and make the detected verticality data of the second wall within the second range.

[0096] When the detected verticality data is outside the first range, the first controller controls the drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism 43 to rotate, coarsely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the first range; then the first controller controls the drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism 44 to rotate, finely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the second range.

[0097] Example 5

[0098] To facilitate vertical alignment between the second wall and the first wall, it is preferable that, for example... Figure 11As shown, visual measuring devices 48 are installed on at least two adjacent sides of the first precast wall formwork 13. These devices 48 can capture real-time images of the bottom of the second wall and transmit the image data to a control terminal. The control terminal can identify the bottom outline of the second wall and calculate its spatial position. The spatial position of the outline can use turning points as control points, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the control points are calculated. The height difference and planar coordinate deviation between the control points and the first precast wall formwork 13 are determined, and the results are displayed on the crane operator's control panel. For example, if the alignment deviation is required to be no greater than 5mm, a warning message is issued if the calculated distance deviation is greater than 5mm. Furthermore, the control panel displays the bottom outline of the second wall as a dashed frame and the top outline of the first wall as a solid frame, distinguished by color, making it easier for the crane operator to identify. Identifying the component outline and calculating its three-dimensional coordinates using a camera device and software can be achieved using existing software. This embodiment specifically applies this technology to the spatial position deviation determination in the splicing of precast components and feeds the results back to the operator, thereby improving the assembly efficiency of the precast concrete wall 10. The visual measurement device 48 can be a camera or other device with shooting function, and can transmit the captured image data to the control terminal. The control terminal can be a computer, tablet computer or mobile phone, or other device that can install the corresponding software.

[0099] Example 6

[0100] It should be noted that after the anchor block 15 and the second vertical steel bar 12 of the second wall are inserted into the backfill concrete 30 to connect the second wall with the first wall, the verticality of the second wall needs to be further adjusted. This embodiment provides a vertical adjustment device 60 to adjust the verticality of the second wall.

[0101] Combination Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the vertical adjustment device 60 includes a horizontal track 61, a traveling mechanism 62, a support column 63, a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism 65, a fastening buckle 66, and a second controller 67.

[0102] During the installation of the precast concrete wall 10, a climbing formwork is typically installed. The climbing formwork is equipped with a protective frame 50 and a platform frame 51. The protective frame 50 can be used to install protective netting, and the platform frame 51 has a working platform 52 on which construction workers perform their work. A horizontal track 61 is mounted on the platform frame 51, and two traveling mechanisms 62 are spaced apart on the horizontal track 61. The traveling mechanisms 62 are controlled by a traveling motor and can move along the horizontal track 61. The traveling mechanisms 62 are connected to the horizontal track 61 by gear meshing or by pulleys. The first adjustment mechanism 64 includes a first adjustment sleeve 641 and an adjustment arm 642. The first adjustment sleeve is horizontally positioned, with two support columns 63 at its bottom. The bottoms of the two support columns 63 are connected to the traveling mechanisms 62. One end of the adjustment arm is inserted into the first adjustment sleeve. The second controller can control the length of the adjustment arm extending beyond the first adjustment sleeve. The connection between the first adjustment sleeve and the adjustment arm can be achieved by electric actuator drive, hydraulic drive, or motor-driven gear meshing drive, etc. The second adjustment mechanism 65 is similar to the first adjustment mechanism 64. The second adjustment mechanism 65 includes a second adjustment sleeve 651 and an adjustment arm 652. One end of the second adjustment sleeve is connected to one end of the adjustment arm, and one end of the adjustment arm is inserted into the second adjustment sleeve. The second controller can control the length of the adjustment arm extending beyond the second adjustment sleeve. A fastening buckle 66 is provided at the end of the adjustment arm, which is used to fix it to the top of the second wall, for example, by engaging with the lifting ring 19.

[0103] The method for adjusting the verticality of the second wall using the plumb bob device 60 is as follows:

[0104] The position of the sag adjustment device 60 is matched with the position of the top of the second wall. For example, the climbing formwork can be controlled to climb so that the sag adjustment device 60 reaches the set height, at which the position of the fastener 66 matches the position of the top hanging ring 19 of the second wall.

[0105] The second controller 67 controls the walking mechanism 62 to move, so that the first adjusting sleeve is in a suitable position, which can be the middle position of the two lifting lugs.

[0106] The second controller 67 controls the length of the adjusting arm 642 extending out of the first adjusting sleeve 641 so that the distance between the two fastening buckles 66 meets the requirements.

[0107] The second controller 67 controls the length of the forearm extension 652 extending out of the second adjusting sleeve 651, so that the two fastening buckles 66 match the position of the lifting ring 19.

[0108] Secure the fastener 66 to the lifting ring at the top of the second wall. Then, control the extension length of the adjusting arm beyond the second adjusting sleeve to ensure the verticality of the second wall measured by the plumb bob meets the requirements. The plumb bob transmits the verticality data of the second wall to the second controller. The second controller adjusts the extension length of the adjusting arm based on the received data. The control method of the second controller can refer to that of the first controller. After the fastener temporarily secures the second wall, loosen the fastener and remove the lifting ring and lifting ring screw.

[0109] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0110] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A construction method for prefabricated buildings, characterized in that, The prefabricated building includes at least two precast concrete walls and a floor slab. A precast mold is provided at the top of each precast concrete wall, with a connecting groove formed inside the mold. A protruding anchor block is provided at the bottom of each precast concrete wall, the height of which matches the depth of the connecting groove. Two rows of vertical reinforcing bars are provided within each precast concrete wall. Each row includes a first vertical reinforcing bar and a second vertical reinforcing bar spaced apart. The top of the first vertical reinforcing bar extends from the connecting groove and matches the height of the precast mold. The bottom of the second vertical reinforcing bar extends from the bottom of the precast concrete wall and is located on the side of the anchor block, with the extension length of the second vertical reinforcing bar matching the depth of the connecting groove. A floor slab connecting end is provided on the side of the precast concrete wall, and several horizontal reinforcing bars are provided within the floor slab connecting end, with one end of each horizontal reinforcing bar extending from the floor slab connecting end. Two precast concrete walls are spliced ​​vertically, the lower one being the first wall and the upper one the second wall. The precast formwork of the first wall contains post-filled concrete, and the anchor blocks and second vertical reinforcing bars of the second wall are inserted into the post-filled concrete. The first and second vertical reinforcing bars located within the precast formwork of the first wall are staggered, forming an interlocking anchorage structure together with the anchor blocks and the post-filled concrete. The floor slab connection end is spliced ​​with the floor slab. The construction method includes the following steps: Step 1: Fill the formwork at the top of the first wall section with concrete, and vibrate it thoroughly to form the post-filled concrete. Step 2: Use hoisting machinery to hoist the second wall and adjust the verticality of the second wall so that the anchor blocks and the second vertical steel bars of the second wall are inserted into the backfill concrete. The second wall is spliced ​​with the first wall vertically, and the first vertical steel bars of the first wall and the second vertical steel bars of the second wall are interlocked and anchored to each other. Step 3: Adjust the top position of the second wall to make it vertical, and temporarily fix the second wall with fasteners, then remove the hoisting machinery; Step 4: After the backfill concrete reaches the predetermined strength, remove the fasteners; In step three, a vertical adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the top position of the second wall to make it vertical. This vertical adjustment mechanism includes a horizontal track, a traveling mechanism, support columns, a first adjustment mechanism, a second adjustment mechanism, a fastening buckle, and a second controller. During the installation of the second wall, a climbing formwork is provided, with a protective frame and a footboard skeleton on it. The horizontal track is mounted on the footboard skeleton, and two traveling mechanisms are spaced apart on the horizontal track. The first adjustment mechanism includes a first adjustment sleeve and an adjustment arm. The first adjustment sleeve is horizontally positioned, with two support columns below it, the bottoms of which are connected to the traveling mechanisms. One end of the adjustment arm is inserted into the first adjustment sleeve, and the second controller controls the length of the adjustment arm extending beyond the first adjustment sleeve. The second adjustment mechanism includes a second adjustment sleeve and an adjustment forearm. One end of the second adjustment sleeve is connected to one end of the adjustment arm, and one end of the adjustment forearm is inserted into the second adjustment sleeve. The second controller controls the length of the adjustment forearm extending beyond the second adjustment sleeve. A fastening buckle is provided at the end of the adjustment forearm. The second wall is vertical by adjusting the top position of the second wall using a plumb line adjustment mechanism. The specific steps include the following: Align the position of the vertical adjustment mechanism with the top position of the second wall; The second controller controls the walking mechanism to move, so that the first adjusting sleeve is in the appropriate position; The second controller controls the length of the adjusting arm extending out of the first adjusting sleeve, so that the distance between the two fastening buckles meets the requirements. The second controller controls the length of the adjusting arm extending from the second adjusting sleeve, so that the two fastening buckles match the position of the second wall lifting lug. Secure the fastener to the hanging ring at the top of the second wall, and then control the length of the adjusting arm extending out of the second adjusting sleeve to ensure that the verticality of the second wall meets the requirements.

2. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step two, a balancing beam is used to adjust the verticality of the second wall. The balancing beam includes a lifting beam and an adjusting beam arranged in a cross shape. The lifting beam has a first hook symmetrically arranged at the top and a second hook symmetrically arranged at the bottom. The adjusting beam has a third hook at one end and a hollow chamber at the other end. The chamber contains a first adjustment mechanism and a second adjustment mechanism. Both the first and second adjustment mechanisms include a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, and a counterweight. The drive motor moves the counterweight along the length of the adjusting beam through the transmission mechanism. A lifting ring is provided at the top of the second wall. Lifting lugs are provided on the second wall below the floor slab connection end. Adjusting the verticality of the second wall using a balance beam includes the following steps: The hoisting machinery is connected to the first hook via hoisting ropes, the lifting ring of the second wall is connected to the second hook, and the third hook is connected to the lifting lug of the second wall. Control the hoisting machinery to lift the second wall a certain distance off the ground; Control the rotation of the drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism to move the counterweight of the first vertical adjustment mechanism, and make a coarse adjustment of the verticality of the precast concrete wall. The drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism is controlled to rotate, causing the counterweight of the second vertical adjustment mechanism to move, thereby finely adjusting the verticality of the precast concrete wall.

3. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The balance beam also includes a first controller, which has a first range and a second range for controlling verticality, wherein the first range is greater than the second range. A plumb bob is installed on the precast concrete wall, and the plumb bob can transmit verticality data to the first controller; When the detected verticality data is outside the first range, the first controller controls the drive motor of the first vertical adjustment mechanism to rotate, coarsely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the first range; then the first controller controls the drive motor of the second vertical adjustment mechanism to rotate, finely adjusting the verticality of the second wall so that the detected verticality data of the second wall is within the second range.

4. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Visual measurement devices are installed on at least two adjacent sides of the precast formwork of the first wall; during the hoisting of the second wall, the visual measurement devices can capture images of the bottom of the second wall in real time and transmit the image data to the control terminal. The control terminal can identify the bottom outline of the second wall based on the received image, calculate the spatial position of the outline, determine the height difference and planar coordinate deviation between the precast formwork of the second wall and the first wall, and display the results on the crane operator's control panel.

5. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fastener is a connecting steel plate; connecting nuts are pre-embedded on the side of the splicing end of the second wall and the first wall, and the connecting steel plate is fixedly connected to the connecting nuts by bolts to splice and fix the second wall and the first wall.

6. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A first pre-embedded nut is provided in the connecting groove. The first pre-embedded nut is used to install the lifting ring. The lifting ring is provided with a lifting ring screw. One end of the lifting ring screw is fixed to the lifting ring, and the other end is threadedly connected to the first pre-embedded nut.

7. The construction method for prefabricated buildings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A second embedded nut is provided on the precast concrete wall below the floor slab connection end. The second embedded nut is used to install an L-shaped bracket. One end of the L-shaped bracket is provided with a bracket screw, which can be threadedly connected to the second embedded nut. The other end is provided with a lifting lug.

Images