A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet

Abstract

A construction method for demolishing concrete in a hydraulic turbine runner chamber using high-pressure water jets provided by the present invention. After the high-pressure water output by the high-pressure water generating equipment is pressurized, it is sprayed onto the concrete surface through a high-pressure spray gun with multiple degrees of freedom of movement to complete the demolition of the concrete in the planned demolition area, including the following steps: S1. Demolishing the concrete in the stay ring layer, where the concrete in the stay ring layer includes the concrete in the stay ring layer window and the unconstrained concrete in the stay ring layer; S2. Demolishing the concrete in the foundation ring layer window using high-pressure water jets; S3. Demolishing the concrete in the middle ring layer, lower ring layer, and shroud layer using high-pressure water jets; S4. Demolishing the unconstrained concrete in the foundation ring layer using high-pressure water jets; S5. Demolishing the concrete of the anchor bolts using high-pressure water jets; S6. Measuring the demolition interface; S7. Trimming the demolition interface, and specifically demolishing the concrete in the under-excavated area of the demolition interface again. This demolition construction method uses high-pressure water jet technology to demolish the concrete in the hydraulic turbine runner chamber, meets the needs of demolishing the concrete in the runner chamber, and has short and efficient processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of runner chamber renovation of hydro-generator units, and particularly to a construction method for removing concrete in a runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jetting. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a Kaplan hydro-generator unit, when cavitation, wear and deformation occur in the runner chamber, it is necessary to remove and replace the runner chamber of the hydropower station. The runner chamber includes three main parts: steel structure, concrete and embedded parts. The concrete includes primary concrete and secondary concrete. The secondary concrete is poured during the installation of the original unit and is located between the primary concrete and the steel structure. Due to the multi-layered stiffeners and ribs provided in the steel structure, the secondary concrete adheres to the stiffeners and ribs, forming constrained concrete. Due to the mutual cross-constraint between the concrete and the steel structure, it is difficult to carry out the demolition operation.

[0003] For the traditional demolition methods of the runner chamber of a hydropower station, whether it is steel structure cutting or concrete removal inside the steel structure, non-high-pressure water jetting operation methods are adopted. Among them, for the first process of steel structure cutting, thermal cutting processes such as carbon arc air gouging are used. The high-temperature iron filings, huge noise, flying dust and strong light generated during the operation process have a greater impact on human health, and there are also disadvantages such as a short operation distance, high operation intensity, high safety risks such as fire, and a large amount of labor consumption. For the second process of concrete removal, demolition methods such as impact, drilling, hydraulic splitting and static expansion are used. The operation process generates large vibration and noise, is difficult to control cracks, raises a large amount of dust, has a high operation intensity, a harsh operation environment, affects human health and the demolition quality, and also has problems such as a large amount of labor consumption and low demolition efficiency.

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the traditional methods, China National Railway Science & Industry Corporation, in CN 112692537 A, disclosed a method for removing concrete in a runner chamber by applying high-pressure water jetting, but did not involve specific high-pressure water jet parameters and motion parameters. The demolition path and steps are simple. This demolition process can only stay in theory and has not been specifically implemented, and cannot meet the needs of removing concrete in the runner chamber. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a construction method for removing concrete in a runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jetting, which uses high-pressure water jetting technology to remove the concrete in the runner chamber of the hydropower station, meets the needs of removing concrete in the runner chamber, and has short and efficient processes.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a construction method for demolishing concrete in a runner chamber of a hydropower station. After the high-pressure water is pressurized and output by the high-pressure water generating equipment, the high-pressure water is sprayed onto the concrete surface through a high-pressure spray gun with multiple degrees of freedom of movement to complete the demolition of the concrete in the planned demolition area, including the following steps:

[0007] S1. Demolish the concrete in the stay ring layer. The concrete in the stay ring layer includes the concrete in the stay ring layer window and the unconstrained concrete in the stay ring layer;

[0008] S2. Demolish the concrete in the foundation ring layer window by high-pressure water jet;

[0009] S3. Demolish the concrete in the middle ring layer, lower ring layer, and gusset plate layer by high-pressure water jet;

[0010] S4. Demolish the unconstrained concrete in the foundation ring layer by high-pressure water jet;

[0011] S5. Demolish the concrete of the anchor bolts by high-pressure water jet;

[0012] S6. Measure the demolition interface;

[0013] S7. Trim the demolition interface, and specifically demolish the concrete in the under-excavated area of the demolition interface again.

[0014] In the preferred solution, the working pressure of the high-pressure water jet equipment P ranges from 120 to 280 Mpa and is greater than 3 times the compressive strength of the concrete to be demolished; the working flow rate of the high-pressure water jet equipment Q ranges from 36 to 300 L / min.

[0015] In the preferred solution, the initial working target distance of the high-pressure spray gun L 0 = is 2 to 5 cm, and the effective working target distance L d ≥ max ( L 1 , L 2 ) * 1.1, where L 1 is the depth of the middle ring rib plate, L 2 is the depth of the lower ring rib plate, and the nozzle aperture of the high-pressure spray gun d ≥ L d / 160, and the initial working angle of the high-pressure spray gun is perpendicular to the concrete surface.

[0016] In the preferred solution, in step S1, the axial high-pressure water demolition operation mode is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows:

[0017] After the cutting and demolition of the lower lining plate and upper girdle plate of the stay ring are completed, the high-pressure spray gun is initially perpendicular to the upper surface of the concrete to be demolished. Keeping the initial working target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished along the radial direction of the Z-axis. The high-pressure spray gun oscillates up and down in the tangential direction of the R-axis, with one single pass being counted as one time, and the back-and-forth movement is carried out 4 to 12 times.

[0018] S12. After the demolition depth reaches the upper half height of the stay ring layer concrete, the high-pressure spray gun moves one step counterclockwise or clockwise along the circumferential direction of the R-axis.

[0019] S13. Repeat S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the upper half of the stay ring layer concrete is demolished to the interface section.

[0020] S14. After the cutting and demolition of the stay ring rib plate are completed, the high-pressure spray gun moves downward along the Y-axis, and repeat S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the lower half of the stay ring layer concrete is demolished to the interface section.

[0021] In the preferred solution, in step S2, the high-pressure water radial demolition operation mode is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows:

[0022] S21. After the cutting and demolition of the flow-through panel of the foundation ring are completed, the high-pressure spray gun is initially inclined to the upper left corner or upper right corner of the side surface of the concrete in the window to be demolished. Keeping the initial working target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished along the circumferential direction of the R-axis. The high-pressure spray gun oscillates up and down in the Y-axis direction, with one single pass being counted as one time, and the back-and-forth movement is carried out 4 to 12 times. In this process, when the single-pass movement is completed and before adjusting the direction for the next movement, the high-pressure spray gun is adjusted through left and right deflection movements to be in an inclined state again with the upper left corner or upper right corner of the side surface of the concrete to be demolished, and then the wavy line movement demolition operation is carried out.

[0023] S22. After the demolition depth reaches the effective working target distance, the high-pressure spray gun moves one step downward along the axial direction of the Y-axis.

[0024] S23. Repeat S21 and S22 until the preliminary demolition of a single window of the foundation ring layer window concrete is completed.

[0025] S24. The high-pressure spray gun moves away from the center of the circle along the Z-axis direction, and referring to the steps in S21 to S23, the deepening demolition of a single window of the foundation ring window concrete is completed.

[0026] S25. Repeat steps S21 to S24, and continue to carry out the deepening demolition of a single window of the foundation ring window concrete. The demolition depth is controlled by controlling the number of back-and-forth movements until the foundation ring plate is exposed.

[0027] S26. Adjust the up, down, left, and right angles of the high-pressure spray gun according to the demolition situation in S24, and clean the concrete residues attached to the upper flange panel of the foundation ring, the foundation ring rib plate, the lower flange panel of the foundation ring, the foundation ring plate, and the foundation ring suspension;

[0028] S27. Through operating the actuator, move the high-pressure spray gun to the initial position of the concrete demolition at the window of the next foundation ring layer with reference to S21;

[0029] S28. Repeat S21 - S26 until all the concrete at the windows of the foundation ring layer is demolished.

[0030] In the preferred solution, in step S3, the radial demolition operation mode of high-pressure water is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows:

[0031] S31. After the cutting and demolition of the middle ring flow-through panel are completed, refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the demolition of the first layer of concrete at the window of the middle ring layer, and simultaneously carry out the cutting and demolition of the part of the foundation ring rib plate and ring plate close to the center within the ring plate, the part of the upper flange panel of the foundation ring and ring plate close to the center within the ring plate, the foundation ring plate, and the foundation ring suspension, leaving the part of the foundation ring rib plate and ring plate far from the center outside the ring plate and the part of the upper flange panel of the foundation ring and ring plate far from the center outside the ring plate not demolished;

[0032] S32. Refer to S31 to complete the demolition of other layers of concrete at the window of the middle ring layer, and simultaneously carry out the cutting and demolition of the lower flange panel of the foundation ring, the middle ring rib plate, the middle ring rib, and the middle ring access door;

[0033] S33. Move the high-pressure spray gun along the Z-axis in the direction away from the center of the circle, and refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the preliminary demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the middle ring layer;

[0034] S34. Repeat step S33 to continue the deepening demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the middle ring layer, and control the demolition depth by controlling the number of round-trip movements until the interface interval is reached;

[0035] S35. After the cutting and demolition of the lower ring flow-through panel and the gusset plate are completed, refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the demolition of the concrete at the window of the lower ring layer and the concrete at the window of the gusset plate layer, and simultaneously carry out the cutting and demolition of the lower ring rib plate, the lower ring rib, and the lower flange panel of the lower ring;

[0036] S36. Refer to steps S33 and S34 to complete the demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the lower ring layer and the unconstrained concrete in the gusset plate layer to the interface interval.

[0037] In the preferred solution, in step S4, the radial demolition operation mode of high-pressure water is adopted to complete the demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the foundation ring layer to the interface interval, and complete the cutting and demolition of the part of the foundation ring rib plate and ring plate far from the center outside the ring plate and the part of the upper flange panel of the foundation ring and ring plate far from the center outside the ring plate.

[0038] In a preferred solution, in step S5, a high-pressure water radial or axial demolition operation mode is adopted to complete the demolition of the anchor bolt concrete to the interface section.

[0039] In a preferred solution, the wavy reciprocating motion is a combined motion of the high-pressure spray gun along the Z-axis radial direction and the up-and-down oscillating swing motion or a combined motion of the R-axis circumferential motion and the up-and-down oscillating swing motion; the up-and-down oscillating swing angle is not greater than ±15°, and the up-and-down oscillating swing speed is 20 - 40° / s; the reciprocating motion speed of the high-pressure spray gun is 0.5 - 3 m / s, and the left-right deflection angle before adjusting the direction for the next stroke is not greater than ±30° when the one-way motion is completed. After the reciprocating motion ends, the step distance for moving one step in the R-axis circumferential direction or the Y-axis axial direction is 5 - 20 cm, and the moving speed is 1 - 2.5 m / s.

[0040] In a preferred solution, in step S6, a three-dimensional laser radar technology is used to collect point cloud data for three-dimensional elevation measurement of the runner chamber demolition interface, check the over-excavation and under-excavation conditions, and mark the under-excavated areas; in step S7, for the under-excavated areas that are not within the interface section in the three-dimensional measurement results in step S6, a high-pressure water axial demolition operation mode is adopted for overall trimming. After the overall trimming is completed, the runner chamber is locally trimmed and integrally roughened with a manual pneumatic pick.

[0041] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0042] 1) The application of high-pressure water jet technology for the concrete demolition of the runner chamber of a hydropower station meets the needs of the concrete demolition of the runner chamber. The wavy demolition movement path is adopted, with a wide effective demolition area and high demolition efficiency.

[0043] 2) Due to the mutual restraint of the steel structure and the window concrete in the runner chamber of a hydropower station, the concrete of the stay ring layer, the window concrete of the foundation ring layer, the window concrete of the middle ring layer, the window concrete of the lower ring layer, and the window concrete of the shroud layer are demolished by high-pressure water jet according to the process from top to bottom. The working pressure of the high-pressure water jet equipment is greater than 3 times the compressive strength of the concrete to be demolished, and appropriate working flow and nozzle aperture are selected. The initial operation target distance is maintained between 2 - 5 cm, ensuring the effect of the high-pressure water jet demolition operation; the effective operation target distance is greater than 1.1 times the depth of the rib plate, and the concrete residues attached to the steel structures such as stiffeners and rib plates are cleaned. The window concrete can be demolished through preliminary demolition, and the steel structure can be demolished without deepening the demolition, which is conducive to improving the overall demolition efficiency of the runner chamber. Subsequently, the unconstrained concrete is demolished in a large area, then the anchor bolt concrete is demolished, and finally the demolition interface is trimmed. This construction method has short and efficient processes, can reduce the moving frequency of the demolition equipment, reduce safety risks, and is convenient for controlling the demolition quality.

[0044] 3) Remove the flange panel on the foundation ring and the reinforcing rib plate of the foundation ring successively with the ring plate of the foundation ring as the boundary. During the removal of the concrete in the middle ring layer, the lower ring layer, and the enclosing plate layer, the part of the flange panel on the foundation ring away from the center outside the ring plate provides a traffic platform for circumferential operation of personnel, facilitating the safe and efficient progress of operations such as the hoisting and removal of steel structures.

[0045] 4) Use 3D lidar technology to conduct 3D elevation measurement of the removal interface of the runner chamber, which can quickly, accurately, and completely collect the actual removal interface data, facilitating the precise marking of the removal interface and the efficient and smooth progress of subsequent trimming work. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0046] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments:

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the runner chamber of a hydropower station;

[0048] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stay ring structure;

[0049] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the foundation ring structure;

[0050] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the middle ring structure;

[0051] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lower ring structure;

[0052] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the enclosing plate structure;

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the wavy reciprocating movement path of the high-pressure spray gun in the axial removal operation mode of the concrete in the stay ring layer;

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the radial removal mode of the concrete in the foundation ring layer;

[0055] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the wavy reciprocating movement path of the high-pressure spray gun during the radial removal of the concrete in the foundation ring layer;

[0056] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the removal process;

[0057] In the figure: stay ring layer concrete 1.1, stay ring layer window concrete 1.1.1, stay ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.1.2; foundation ring layer concrete 1.2, foundation ring layer window concrete 1.2.1, foundation ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.2.2; middle ring layer concrete 1.3, middle ring layer window concrete 1.3.1, middle ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.3.2; lower ring layer concrete 1.4, lower ring layer window concrete 1.4.1, lower ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.4.2; shroud layer concrete 1.5, shroud layer window concrete 1.5.1, shroud layer unconstrained concrete 1.5.2; anchor bolt concrete 1.6;

[0058] Stay ring 2.1, stay ring lower lining plate 2.1.1, stay ring upper shroud 2.1.2, stay ring stiffening plate 2.1.3, stay ring rib plate 2.1.4; foundation ring 2.2, foundation ring upper flange panel 2.2.1, foundation ring flow-through panel 2.2.2, foundation ring stiffening plate 2.2.3, foundation ring lower flange panel 2.2.4, foundation ring ring plate 2.2.5, foundation ring suspension 2.2.6; middle ring 2.3, middle ring flow-through panel 2.3.1, middle ring stiffening plate 2.3.2, middle ring rib plate 2.3.3, middle ring access door 2.3.4; lower ring 2.4, lower ring flow-through panel 2.4.1, lower ring stiffening plate 2.4.2, lower ring rib plate 2.4.3, lower ring lower flange panel 2.4.4; shroud 2.5;

[0059] High-pressure spray gun 3; interface section 4. Specific implementation manner

[0060] The following further describes the implementation manner of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] The object of the demolition operation of this construction method is the concrete part of the runner chamber of the hydropower unit. The runner chamber includes three major parts: steel structure, concrete and embedded parts.

[0062] Such as Figures 1 - 6As shown in the figure, the steel structure part is a flow-through component and bears the hanging weight of the runner blades. It includes five major parts: stay ring 2.1, bottom ring 2.2, middle ring 2.3, lower ring 2.4, and shroud 2.5. The stay ring 2.1 includes stay ring lower liner plate 2.1.1, stay ring upper shroud 2.1.2, stay ring stiffener plate 2.1.3, and stay ring rib plate 2.1.4. The bottom ring includes bottom ring upper flange panel 2.2.1, bottom ring flow-through panel 2.2.2, bottom ring stiffener plate 2.2.3, bottom ring lower flange panel 2.2.4, bottom ring ring plate 2.2.5, and bottom ring suspension 2.2.6. The middle ring 2.2 includes middle ring flow-through panel 2.3.1, middle ring stiffener plate 2.3.2, middle ring rib plate 2.3.3, and middle ring access door 2.3.4. The lower ring 2.4 includes lower ring flow-through panel 2.4.1, lower ring stiffener plate 2.4.2, lower ring rib plate 2.4.3, and lower ring lower flange panel 2.4.4. The shroud 2.5 is the flow-through panel between the lower ring and the draft tube cone. Among them, adjacent stiffener plates and rib plates form a window, and the flow-through panel is inlaid in the window. Both the middle ring 2.3 and the lower ring 2.4 have multiple layers of stiffener plates and rib plates.

[0063] The concrete part is the secondary concrete poured during the original unit installation. It is located between the primary concrete and the steel structure of the runner chamber, including the constrained concrete bonded to the steel structure stiffener plates, rib plates, etc., the unconstrained concrete located between the primary concrete and the constrained concrete, and the anchor bolt concrete, which are three major parts. The constrained concrete is generally located inside the window and is also called window concrete. The window concrete includes stay ring layer window concrete 1.1.1, bottom ring layer window concrete 1.2.1, middle ring layer window concrete 1.3.1, lower ring layer window concrete 1.4.1, and shroud layer window concrete 1.5.1 according to its position relationship with the steel structure. The unconstrained concrete includes stay ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.1.2, bottom ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.2.2, middle ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.3.2, lower ring layer unconstrained concrete 1.4.2, and shroud layer unconstrained concrete 1.5.2.

[0064] The embedded part is the part of the structure used to fix and adjust the position of the steel structure during the pouring of the runner chamber, and to increase the bonding force between the primary and secondary concretes, including angle steel, tie rods, plum blossom dowels, radial jacks, axial jacks, and anchor bolts.

[0065] A construction method for demolishing the concrete of a hydropower station runner chamber by high-pressure water jet. After the high-pressure water pressurized and output by the high-pressure water generating equipment is sprayed onto the concrete surface through the high-pressure spray gun 3 with multiple degrees of freedom of movement, the concrete in the planned demolition area is demolished. The working pressure of the high-pressure water jet equipment P ranges from 120 to 280 Mpa and is greater than 3 times the compressive strength of the concrete to be demolished; the working flow rate of the high-pressure water jet equipment QThe range is 36 - 300 L / min.

[0066] The initial working target distance of the high-pressure spray gun 3 L 0 = 2 - 5 cm, and the effective working target distance L d ≥ max ( L 1 , L 2 ) * 1.1, where L 1 is the depth of the middle ring rib plate 2.3.2, L 2 is the depth of the lower ring rib plate 2.4.2. The nozzle aperture of the high-pressure spray gun d ≥ L d / 160. The initial working angle of the high-pressure spray gun 3 is perpendicular to the concrete surface.

[0067] As Figure 10 shown, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. Demolish the concrete of the stay ring layer 1.1 by high-pressure water jet. The concrete of the stay ring layer 1.1 includes the concrete of the stay ring layer window 1.1.1 and the unconstrained concrete of the stay ring layer 1.1.2. Adopt the axial high-pressure water demolition operation mode, and its demolition steps are as follows:

[0069] S11. As Figure 7 shown, after the cutting and demolition of the stay ring lower liner 2.1.1 and the stay ring upper gusset 2.1.2 are completed, the high-pressure spray gun 3 is initially perpendicular to the upper surface of the concrete to be demolished, maintaining the initial working target distance, and moving in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished along the radial direction of the Z axis. The high-pressure spray gun 3 oscillates up and down in the tangential direction of the R axis, with one round trip as 1 time, and moves back and forth 4 - 12 times;

[0070] S12. After the demolition depth reaches the upper half height of the concrete of the stay ring layer 1.1, the high-pressure spray gun 3 moves one step counterclockwise or clockwise along the circumferential direction of the R axis;

[0071] S13. Repeat S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the upper half of the stay ring layer concrete 1.1 is demolished to the interface section 4;

[0072] S14. After the cutting and demolition of the stay ring rib plate 2.1.4 are completed, the high-pressure spray gun 3 moves downward along the Y axis, and repeats S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the lower half of the stay ring layer concrete 1.1 is demolished to the interface section 4.

[0073] S2. Demolish the concrete of the foundation ring layer window 1.2.1 by high-pressure water jet. Adopt the radial high-pressure water demolition operation mode, and its demolition steps are as follows:

[0074]

[0074] After the cutting and demolition of the current panel of the foundation ring 2.2.2 are completed, the high-pressure spray gun 3 is initially in a vertical and slightly inclined state at the upper left or upper right corner of the concrete side surface of the window to be demolished. Keeping the initial working target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished along the circumferential direction of the R axis. The high-pressure spray gun 3 oscillates up and down in the Y-axis direction, with one single-pass movement counted as one time, and the back-and-forth movement is carried out 4 to 12 times. During this process, when a single-pass movement is completed and just before adjusting the direction for the next movement, the high-pressure spray gun 3 is adjusted through left and right deflection movements to re-form the initial inclined state with the upper left or upper right corner of the concrete side surface to be demolished, and then the wavy line movement demolition operation is carried out;

[0075] After the demolition depth reaches the effective working target distance, the high-pressure spray gun 3 moves one step downward along the axial direction of the Y axis;

[0076]

[0075] Repeat S21 and S22 until the preliminary demolition of a single window of the concrete of the foundation ring layer window 1.2.1 is completed;

[0077] The high-pressure spray gun 3 moves away from the center of the circle along the Z axis. Referring to the steps in S21 to S23, the deepening demolition of a single window of the concrete of the foundation ring window 1.2.1 is completed;

[0078]

[0076] Repeat steps S21 to S24 to continue the deepening demolition of a single window of the concrete of the foundation ring window 1.2.1. Control the demolition depth by controlling the number of back-and-forth movements until the foundation ring plate 2.2.5 is exposed;

[0079] Adjust the upper, lower, left, and right angles of the high-pressure spray gun 3 according to the demolition situation in S24, and clean the concrete residues attached to the upper flange panel 2.2.1 of the foundation ring, the foundation ring rib plate 2.2.3, the lower flange panel 2.2.4 of the foundation ring, the foundation ring plate 2.2.5, and the foundation ring suspension 2.2.6;

[0080]

[0077] Through operating the actuator, move the high-pressure spray gun 3 to the initial position for the demolition of the concrete of the next foundation ring layer window 1.2.1 with reference to S21;

[0081] Repeat S21 to S26 until the demolition of all windows of the concrete of the foundation ring layer window 1.2.1 is completed.

[0082]

[0078] High-pressure water jet demolition of the middle ring layer concrete 1.3, the lower ring layer concrete 1.4, and the gusset layer concrete 1.5. The high-pressure water radial demolition operation mode is adopted, and the demolition steps are as follows:

[0083] S31. After the cutting and demolition of the middle ring overcurrent panel 2.3.1 are completed, refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the demolition of the first - floor concrete of the middle - ring layer window 1.3.1. Synchronously, perform the cutting and demolition of the part of the foundation ring rib plate 2.2.3 inside the ring plate near the center of the circle, the part of the foundation ring upper flange panel 2.2.1 inside the ring plate near the center of the circle, the foundation ring ring plate 2.2.5, and the foundation ring suspension 2.2.6, leaving the part of the foundation ring rib plate 2.2.3 outside the ring plate far from the center of the circle and the part of the foundation ring upper flange panel 2.2.1 outside the ring plate far from the center of the circle not demolished;

[0084] S32. Refer to S31 to complete the demolition of the concrete of other layers of the middle - ring layer window 1.3.1. Synchronously, perform the cutting and demolition of the foundation ring lower flange panel 2.2.4, the middle - ring rib plate 2.3.2, the middle - ring rib 2.3.3, and the middle - ring access door 2.3.4;

[0085] S33. The high - pressure spray gun 3 moves along the Z - axis away from the center of the circle. Refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the preliminary demolition of the unconstrained concrete 1.3.2 of the middle - ring layer;

[0086] S34. Repeat step S33 to continue the deepening demolition of the unconstrained concrete 1.3.2 of the middle - ring layer. Control the demolition depth by controlling the number of round - trip movements until the interface interval 4 is reached.

[0087] S35. After the cutting and demolition of the lower - ring overcurrent panel 2.4.1 and the apron 2.5 are completed, refer to the steps in S21 - S23 to complete the demolition of the concrete of the lower - ring layer window 1.4.1 and the concrete of the apron - layer window 1.5.1. Synchronously, perform the cutting and demolition of the lower - ring rib plate 2.4.2, the lower - ring rib 2.4.3, and the lower - ring lower flange panel 2.4.4;

[0088] S36. Refer to the steps in S33 and S34 to complete the demolition of the unconstrained concrete 1.4.2 of the lower - ring layer and the unconstrained concrete 1.5.2 of the apron layer to the interface interval 4.

[0089] S4. Demolish the unconstrained concrete 1.2.2 of the foundation - ring layer by high - pressure water jet.

[0090] Adopt the high - pressure water radial demolition operation mode to complete the demolition of the unconstrained concrete 1.2.2 of the foundation - ring layer to the interface interval, and complete the cutting and demolition of the part of the foundation ring rib plate 2.2.3 outside the ring plate far from the center of the circle and the part of the foundation ring upper flange panel 2.2.1 outside the ring plate far from the center of the circle.

[0091] S5. Demolish the anchor - bolt concrete 1.6 by high - pressure water jet.

[0092] Adopt the high - pressure water radial or axial demolition operation mode to complete the demolition of the anchor - bolt concrete to the interface interval 4.

[0093] S6. Demolition interface measurement. Use 3D laser radar technology to measure the 3D elevation of the runner room demolition interface to collect point cloud data, check the over-excavation and under-excavation, and mark the under-excavation area.

[0094] S7. Repair the demolition interface and carry out targeted re-demolition of the concrete in the under-excavated areas of the demolition interface.

[0095] The radial depth of concrete demolition interface interval 4 is ≤10cm, and must not affect the space for the reinstallation of the new impeller chamber. For different demolition areas at different elevations, the smaller the radial demolition depth is, the smaller the interface interval range is set.

[0096] For the under-excavated areas that are not within the interface interval in the three-dimensional measurement results in step S6, high-pressure water axial demolition operation mode is used for trimming. After the overall trimming is completed, the runner chamber is partially trimmed and the overall roughening is performed using a manual pneumatic pick.

[0097] Since the steel structure and window concrete of the runner room of the hydropower station are mutually constrained, this demolition construction method is adopted to demolish the seat ring layer concrete 1.1, the foundation ring layer window concrete 1.2.1, the middle ring layer window concrete 1.3.1, the lower ring layer window concrete 1.4.1, and the slab layer window concrete 1.5.1 by high-pressure water jet according to the process from top to bottom. The working pressure of the high-pressure water jet equipment is greater than 3 times the compressive strength of the concrete to be demolished, and the appropriate working flow and nozzle aperture are selected. The initial operation target distance is kept between 2 and 5 cm, which ensures the effect of the high-pressure water jet demolition operation; the effective operation target distance is greater than 1.1 times the depth of the rib plate, and the concrete residue attached to the steel structure such as the rib plate and the rib plate is cleaned. The window concrete demolition can be completed through preliminary demolition, and the steel structure demolition can be carried out without deepening the demolition, which is conducive to improving the overall demolition efficiency of the runner room. Subsequently, the unconstrained concrete is demolished on a large scale, and then the anchor bolt concrete 1.6 is demolished, and finally the demolition interface is repaired. This construction method has a short and efficient process, which can reduce the frequency of moving the demolition equipment, reduce safety risks, and facilitate the control of demolition quality.

[0098] Compared with traditional manual concrete demolition technology, high-pressure water jet demolition technology has the characteristics of remote construction, efficient demolition, safe construction, less labor consumption, and low work intensity. The crushed stone produced by demolition is small in size, easy to clean, and has a small impact when falling. In addition, the high-pressure water construction process is dust-free, and the dust will be carried away by the water flow or fall quickly due to the attachment of water mist, and the level of green environmental protection is high.

Claims

1. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet, characterized in that, The high-pressure water output after being pressurized by the high-pressure water generating equipment is sprayed onto the concrete surface through a high-pressure spray gun (3) with multiple degrees of freedom of movement to complete the demolition of the concrete in the planned demolition area. The initial working target distance of the high-pressure spray gun (3) L 0 = 2 - 5 cm, and the effective working target distance L d ≥ max ( L 1, L 2) * 1.1, where L 1 is the depth of the middle ring rib plate (2.3.2), L 2 is the depth of the lower ring rib plate (2.4.2). The nozzle aperture of the high-pressure spray gun (3) d ≥ L d / 160. The initial working angle of the high-pressure spray gun (3) is perpendicular to the concrete surface and includes the following steps: S1. Demolition of the stay ring concrete (1.1) by high-pressure water jet. The stay ring concrete (1.1) includes the stay ring window concrete (1.1.1) and the stay ring unconstrained concrete (1.1.2). For the demolition of the stay ring concrete (1.1) by high-pressure water jet, the axial high-pressure water demolition operation mode is adopted: In the initial state, the high-pressure spray gun (3) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the concrete to be demolished. Keeping the initial operation target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished in the radial direction of the runner chamber. The high-pressure spray gun (3) oscillates and swings in the tangential direction of the runner chamber circumference. S2. Demolition of the foundation ring window concrete (1.2.1) by high-pressure water jet: The concrete is demolished by adopting the radial high-pressure water demolition operation mode. The radial high-pressure water demolition operation mode is as follows: In the initial state, the high-pressure spray gun (3) is inclined to the upper left corner or the upper right corner of the side surface of the window concrete to be demolished. Keeping the initial operation target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished in the circumferential direction of the runner chamber. The high-pressure spray gun (3) oscillates and swings up and down in the axial direction of the runner chamber. S3. Demolition of the middle ring concrete (1.3), the lower ring concrete (1.4), and the shroud concrete (1.5) by high-pressure water jet: The concrete is demolished by adopting the radial high-pressure water demolition operation mode. S4. Demolition of the foundation ring unconstrained concrete (1.2.2) by high-pressure water jet. S5. Demolition of the anchor bolt concrete (1.6) by high-pressure water jet. S6. Measurement of the demolition interface. S7. Repair of the demolition interface. For the under-excavated part of the demolition interface, the concrete in the corresponding area is specifically demolished again.

2. The construction method for demolishing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, wherein, The working pressure of the high-pressure water jet equipment P ranges from 120 to 280 Mpa and is greater than three times the compressive strength of the concrete to be demolished; the working flow rate of the high-pressure water jet equipment Q ranges from 36 to 300 L / min.

3. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that In the step S1, the axial high-pressure water demolition operation mode is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows: S11. After the cutting and demolition of the stay ring lower liner (2.1.1) and the stay ring upper shroud (2.1.2) are completed, in the initial state, the high-pressure spray gun (3) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the concrete to be demolished. Keeping the initial operation target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth from one end to the other end of the concrete to be demolished in the radial direction of the runner chamber. The high-pressure spray gun (3) oscillates and swings up and down in the tangential direction of the runner chamber circumference, with one round trip counted as 1 time and the back-and-forth movement being 4 - 12 times. S12. After the demolition depth reaches the height of the upper half of the stay ring concrete (1.1), the high-pressure spray gun (3) moves one step counterclockwise or clockwise in the circumferential direction of the runner chamber. S13. Repeat S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the upper half of the stay ring concrete (1.1) is demolished to the interface section (4). S14. After the cutting and demolition of the stay ring rib plate (2.1.4) are completed, the high-pressure spray gun (3) moves downward along the axis of the runner chamber, and repeat S11 and S12 until the 360° concrete of the lower half of the stay ring concrete (1.1) is demolished to the interface section (4).

4. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step S2, the radial high-pressure water demolition operation mode is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows: S21. After the cutting and removal of the basic ring overcurrent panel (2.2.2) are completed, the high-pressure spray gun (3) is initially inclined diagonally to the upper left or upper right corner of the concrete side surface of the window to be demolished. Keeping the initial working target distance, it moves in a wavy line back and forth along the circumferential direction of the runner chamber from one end of the concrete to be demolished to the other end. The high-pressure spray gun (3) oscillates up and down in the axial direction of the runner chamber. Taking one single pass as one time, it moves back and forth 4 to 12 times. During this process, when a single-pass movement is completed and just before adjusting the direction for the next movement, the high-pressure spray gun (3) is adjusted to be diagonally inclined again at an angle with the upper left or upper right corner of the concrete side surface to be demolished through left and right deflection movements, and then the wavy line movement demolition operation is carried out; S22. After the demolition depth reaches the effective working target distance, the high-pressure spray gun (3) moves one step downward along the axial direction of the runner chamber; S23. Repeat S21 and S22 until the preliminary demolition of a single window of the basic ring layer window concrete (1.2.1) is completed; S24. The high-pressure spray gun (3) moves along the radial direction away from the center of the circle of the runner chamber. Referring to the steps in S21 to S23, the deepening demolition of a single window of the basic ring window concrete (1.2.1) is completed; S25. Repeat steps S21 to S24, and continue the deepening demolition of a single window of the basic ring window concrete (1.2.1). Control the demolition depth by controlling the number of back-and-forth movements until the basic ring ring plate (2.2.5) is exposed; S26. Adjust the upper, lower, left, and right angles of the high-pressure spray gun (3) according to the demolition situation in S24, and clean the concrete residues attached to the upper flange panel (2.2.1) of the basic ring, the basic ring rib plate (2.2.3), the lower flange panel (2.2.4) of the basic ring, the basic ring ring plate (2.2.5), and the basic ring suspension (2.2.6); S27. Through operating the actuator, move the high-pressure spray gun (3) to the initial position for the demolition of the next basic ring layer window concrete (1.2.1) with reference to S21; S28. Repeat S21 to S26 until the demolition of all windows of the basic ring layer window concrete (1.2.1) is completed.

5. A construction method for demolishing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3 mentioned above, the high-pressure water radial demolition operation mode is adopted, and its demolition steps are as follows: S31. After the cutting and removal of the middle ring overcurrent panel (2.3.1) are completed, referring to the steps in S21 to S23, the first layer demolition of the middle ring layer window concrete (1.3.1) is completed. At the same time, the part of the basic ring rib plate (2.2.3) inside the ring and close to the center of the circle, the part of the upper flange panel (2.2.1) of the basic ring inside the ring and close to the center of the circle, the basic ring ring plate (2.2.5), and the basic ring suspension (2.2.6) are cut and removed, leaving the part of the basic ring rib plate (2.2.3) outside the ring and far from the center of the circle and the part of the upper flange panel (2.2.1) of the basic ring outside the ring and far from the center of the circle not demolished; S32. Refer to S31 to complete the demolition of other layers of the middle ring layer window concrete (1.3.1), and at the same time, cut and remove the lower flange panel (2.2.4) of the basic ring, the middle ring rib plate (2.3.2), the middle ring rib (2.3.3), and the middle ring access door (2.3.4); S33. The high-pressure spray gun (3) moves away from the center of the circle in the radial direction of the runner chamber. Referring to the steps in S21-S23, the preliminary demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the middle ring layer (1.3.2) is completed. S34. Repeat step S33 to continue the deepening demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the middle ring layer (1.3.2). Control the demolition depth by controlling the number of round trips until the interface section (4) is reached. S35. After the cutting and demolition of the lower ring flow-through panel (2.4.1) and the shroud (2.5) are completed, referring to the steps in S21-S23, the demolition of the concrete in the lower ring layer window (1.4.1) and the concrete in the shroud layer window (1.5.1) is completed, and the cutting and demolition of the lower ring rib plate (2.4.2), the lower ring rib (2.4.3), and the lower ring lower flange panel (2.4.4) are carried out synchronously. S36. Referring to the steps in S33 and S34, the demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the lower ring layer (1.4.2) and the unconstrained concrete in the shroud layer (1.5.2) is completed until the interface section (4) is reached.

6. The construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the high-pressure water radial demolition operation mode is used to complete the demolition of the unconstrained concrete in the basic ring layer (1.2.2) until the interface section (4), and the cutting and demolition of the part of the basic ring rib plate (2.2.3) outside the ring plate away from the center of the circle and the part of the basic ring upper flange panel (2.2.1) outside the ring plate away from the center of the circle are completed.

7. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S5, the high-pressure water radial or axial demolition operation mode is used to complete the demolition of the anchor bolt concrete (1.6) until the interface section (4).

8. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The wavy reciprocating motion is a combined motion of the high-pressure spray gun (3) along the radial direction of the runner chamber and the up-and-down oscillating swing motion or a combined motion of the circumferential motion of the runner chamber and the up-and-down oscillating swing motion; the up-and-down oscillating swing angle is not greater than ±15°, and the up-and-down oscillating swing speed is 20-40° / s; the reciprocating motion speed of the high-pressure spray gun (3) is 0.5-3 m / s, and the left-right deflection angle before adjusting the direction for the next stroke when a single stroke motion is completed is not greater than ±30°. After the reciprocating motion is completed, the step distance of moving one step in the circumferential direction or the axial direction of the runner chamber is 5-20 cm, and the moving speed is 1-2.5 m / s.

9. A construction method for removing a concrete runner chamber of a hydropower station by high-pressure water jet, according to claim 1, wherein In step S6, the three-dimensional laser radar technology is used to collect the point cloud data of the three-dimensional elevation measurement of the runner chamber demolition interface, check the over-excavation and under-excavation conditions, and mark the under-excavated areas; in step S7, for the under-excavated areas in the three-dimensional measurement results in step S6 that are not within the interface section (4), the high-pressure water axial demolition operation mode is used for trimming. After the overall trimming is completed, the runner chamber is locally trimmed and integrally roughened by manual pneumatic picks.

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