A dynamic tensile testing device and method with controllable sample deformation

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a dynamic tensile test device and a test method with controllable sample deformation, in the test device, the static holding end fixing tool is sleeved outside the static holding end, the dynamic clamping end first fixing tool and the dynamic clamping end second fixing tool are sleeved outside the dynamic clamping end mounting area; the deformation limiting support sleeve is sleeved outside the static holding end fixing tool, the dynamic clamping end first fixing tool and the dynamic clamping end second fixing tool; wherein, the dynamic clamping end first fixing tool is located on the inner side of the dynamic clamping end second fixing tool, and a preset gap is reserved between the dynamic clamping end first fixing tool and the dynamic clamping end second fixing tool before test loading. The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application realizes the material dynamic mechanical property test under the coupling action of different fixed strains and strain rates through the design of the test device and the test piece mounting structure, so that the demand of high-performance metal material research and development and dynamic mechanical property evaluation is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of impact dynamics testing technology for aerospace structures, and particularly to a dynamic tensile testing device and method with controllable specimen deformation. Background Technology

[0002] The mechanical properties of materials at medium to low strain rates are fundamental input conditions for the impact dynamics design of aircraft structures to withstand bird strikes, crashes, and hail impacts. Numerous studies have shown that the mechanical properties of metallic materials such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, and high-strength steel are significantly affected by strain rate, exhibiting marked strain rate sensitivity. The dynamic mechanical properties of materials in the medium to low strain rate range can generally be tested using a high-speed tensile testing machine.

[0003] For the development of a new type of metallic material, it is necessary to test the relationship between the changes in the material’s microstructure and the material’s macroscopic dynamic response under different fixed strain and strain rate coupling effects, in order to guide the optimization of the material’s mechanical properties. The accurate control of fixed deformation loading is one of the technical challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. This invention provides a dynamic tensile testing device and method with controllable specimen deformation to achieve dynamic mechanical property testing of materials under the coupling effect of different fixed strains and strain rates, thereby meeting the needs of high-performance metal material research and development and dynamic mechanical property evaluation.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: The present invention provides a dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation, comprising: the applied dynamic tensile test specimen including a static clamping end 1, a gauge length section 1a and a dynamic clamping end 1b, wherein the dynamic clamping end 1b includes a dynamic clamping end mounting area 11, a dynamic clamping end notch area 5 and a dynamic clamping end loading area 6 connected sequentially from the middle to the end to form an integral structure; the dynamic tensile testing device includes: a static clamping end fixing fixture 2, a dynamic clamping end first fixing fixture 3, a dynamic clamping end second fixing fixture 4 and a deformation limiting support sleeve 10;

[0006] The static clamping end fixing fixture 2 is sleeved on the outside of the static clamping end 1, and the first fixing fixture 3 and the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end are sleeved on the outside of the moving clamping end mounting area 11; the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 is sleeved on the outside of the static clamping end fixing fixture 2, the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end and the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end; wherein the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end is located inside the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end, and a preset gap is reserved between the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end and the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end before the test loading.

[0007] Optionally, the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation as described above further includes: a first fixing bolt 7, a second fixing bolt 8, and a third fixing bolt 9;

[0008] The static clamping end fixing fixture 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 by the first fixing bolt 7;

[0009] The first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the moving clamping end mounting area 11 by the second fixing bolt 8, so that the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end fits against the cylinder wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10.

[0010] The second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the other end of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 by the third fixing bolt 9.

[0011] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0012] The deformation limiting support sleeve 10 and the side port of the moving clamping end 1b form an annular boss port. The diameter of the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end located on the inner side is larger than the diameter of the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end located on the outer side. The first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end fits against the inner wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10. The second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the annular boss port of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10. It is used to limit the displacement length of the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end through the annular boss port during the dynamic tensile test.

[0013] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0014] In the dynamic tensile test specimen, the cross-sectional area of ​​the notch region 5 at the dynamic clamping end is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the gauge length segment 1a.

[0015] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0016] Before loading the dynamic tensile test, the static clamping end 1 of the dynamic tensile test specimen is fixedly installed in the static clamping device of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen is installed in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state.

[0017] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0018] During the dynamic tensile test loading process, the dynamic clamping fixture of the test piece is controlled to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed and then instantly clamped to the loading area 6 of the dynamic clamping end of the dynamic tensile test piece. Then, the dynamic tensile test piece is stretched at a constant speed in the loading area 6 of the dynamic clamping end until it breaks in the notch area 5 of the dynamic clamping end, and then the test loading is stopped.

[0019] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0020] Before loading the dynamic tensile test, the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end is set to achieve the fixed deformation of the dynamic tensile test piece under different deformation control.

[0021] This invention also provides a dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation, wherein the dynamic tensile testing method is performed using a dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation as described in any of the above embodiments, and the dynamic tensile testing method includes:

[0022] Step 1, installation of the dynamic tensile test specimen, includes: fixing the static clamping end 1 of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the static clamping device of the testing machine, installing the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state.

[0023] Step 2: Apply dynamic tensile loading to the installed test specimen. The loading process is as follows: control the dynamic clamping fixture of the test specimen to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed, and then instantly clamp it to the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen. Then, start constant speed tensile loading of the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen until the notch area 5 of the dynamic clamping end breaks, and then stop the test loading.

[0024] Optionally, in the dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation as described above,

[0025] During the loading process, after the gauge length 1a of the dynamic tensile test specimen deforms by a preset length h, the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end comes into contact with the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end, thereby preventing further deformation of the gauge length 1a in the dynamic tensile test specimen until the notch area 5 of the moving clamping end breaks.

[0026] Optionally, the dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation as described above further includes:

[0027] Step 3: By adjusting the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end in the installation structure, the fixed deformation of the test piece during the dynamic tensile test is changed, thereby obtaining the mechanical property test of the material under dynamic tensile stress under various fixed deformation values.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Based on a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine with constant-speed loading, this invention designs a set of dynamically tensile test specimens with controllable specimen deformation, a matching dynamically tensile testing device, and a corresponding testing method. On one hand, by designing the dynamically tensile test specimen as a static clamping end 1, a gauge length section 1a, and a dynamic clamping end 1b formed by a dynamic clamping end mounting area 11, a dynamic clamping end notch area 5, and a dynamic clamping end loading area 6, during the loading process, the specimen is controlled to break from the dynamic clamping end notch area 5 rather than from the gauge length section 1a, thus controlling the gauge length section 1a to form a fixed deformation. On the other hand, by designing the structure of the dynamically tensile testing device… The static clamping end 1 of the test piece is clamped by the static clamping end fixing fixture 2, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the test piece is simultaneously clamped by the first dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 3 and the second dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 4 with a preset gap. With this test device, the deformation of the test piece during the test loading process can be controlled to the preset gap length h of the first dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 3 and the second dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 4, thereby realizing a dynamic tensile test with controllable deformation of the test piece. Furthermore, the test device provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts a rectangular support structure and a bolt connection, which occupies little space, has a simple installation process, and has the advantages of light structural weight and small inertial effect. The test method for implementing loading is simple and has strong applicability.

[0029] Furthermore, the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation provided in this embodiment of the invention can change the fixed deformation amount of the test piece during the dynamic tensile test by adjusting the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end in the installation structure. This allows for the testing of the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of materials under various fixed deformation amounts, realizing the dynamic mechanical property testing of materials under different fixed strain and strain rate coupling effects. This meets the dynamic mechanical property testing requirements of high-performance metallic materials and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further understand the technical solutions of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of this application to explain the technical solutions of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a dynamic tensile testing device and a dynamic tensile test specimen with controllable specimen deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Figure 1The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation and the structure of the dynamic tensile test specimen after performing a dynamic tensile test.

[0033] Figure 3 For use in Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation and a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine for performing dynamic tensile tests on dynamic tensile specimens. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0035] As explained in the background section, developing a novel metallic material requires testing the relationship between the material's microstructure changes and macroscopic dynamic response under different coupled effects of fixed strain and strain rate. Different fixed strains are achieved by stretching the test specimen to a fixed deformation, while the strain rate is controlled by the loading rate. Metallic materials exhibit different fracture modes and crystal structures under different deformation conditions; therefore, it is necessary to obtain information on the fracture modes and crystal structures of the material under various fixed deformation states. However, accurately controlling the fixed deformation loading is a key technical challenge in the experiment.

[0036] To address the testing requirements of the aforementioned metallic materials, this invention provides a dynamic tensile testing device and method with controllable specimen deformation. This invention, combined with the loading characteristics of a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine, provides specific testing loading strategies and key design points for the testing device. It has a wide range of applications and can meet the dynamic mechanical property testing needs of various metallic materials.

[0037] The present invention provides the following specific embodiments, which can be combined with each other. For the same or similar concepts or processes, they may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a dynamic tensile testing device and a dynamic tensile test specimen with controllable specimen deformation provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation and the structure of the dynamic tensile test specimen after performing a dynamic tensile test. The dynamic tensile testing device provided in this embodiment is used to perform a dynamic tensile test with controllable specimen deformation on a dynamic tensile test specimen, and a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine is used as the power source for the tensile test.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the dynamic tensile test specimen used in the dynamic tensile testing device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a static clamping end 1, a gauge length section 1a, and a dynamic clamping end 1b. The dynamic clamping end 1b includes a dynamic clamping end mounting area 11, a dynamic clamping end notch area 5, and a dynamic clamping end loading area 6, which are connected sequentially from the middle to the end to form an integral structure. The main structure of the dynamic tensile testing device for performing controllable specimen deformation on the dynamic tensile test specimen provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a static clamping end fixing fixture 2, a first dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 3, a second dynamic clamping end fixing fixture 4, and a deformation limiting support sleeve 10.

[0040] The main design concept of this invention is based on a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine, designed as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a dynamically deformable tensile test specimen, a dynamically tensile testing device, and their mounting structure. Figure 3 For use in Figure 1 The illustrated embodiment provides a schematic diagram of the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation and a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine for performing dynamic tensile tests on dynamic tensile specimens.

[0041] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the installation structure of the dynamic tensile testing device and the dynamic tensile test specimen shown indicates that the static clamping end fixing fixture 2 is sleeved outside the static clamping end 1, and the first fixing fixture 3 and the second fixing fixture 4 of the dynamic clamping end are sleeved outside the dynamic clamping end installation area 11; the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 is sleeved outside the static clamping end fixing fixture 2, the first fixing fixture 3 of the dynamic clamping end and the second fixing fixture 4 of the dynamic clamping end; wherein, the first fixing fixture 3 of the dynamic clamping end is located inside the second fixing fixture 4 of the dynamic clamping end, and a preset gap is reserved between the first fixing fixture 3 of the dynamic clamping end and the second fixing fixture 4 of the dynamic clamping end before the test loading.

[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The installation structure of the dynamic tensile testing device and the dynamic tensile test specimen shown also includes: a first fixing bolt 7, a second fixing bolt 8, and a third fixing bolt 9.

[0043] During the specific installation process, the static clamping end fixing fixture 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 by the first fixing bolt 7; the movable clamping end first fixing fixture 3 is fixedly connected to the movable clamping end mounting area 11 by the second fixing bolt 8, so that the movable clamping end first fixing fixture 3 is in contact with the cylinder wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10; the movable clamping end second fixing fixture 4 is fixedly connected to the other side of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 by the third fixing bolt 9. After the test piece is installed and before the test loading, a preset gap length h is reserved between the movable clamping end first fixing fixture 3 and the movable clamping end second fixing fixture 4. This preset gap length h is the fixed deformation amount of the test piece in the dynamic tensile test.

[0044] In one implementation of this invention, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 and the side port of the moving clamping end 1b are installed to form an annular boss port. The diameter of the first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end located on the inner side is larger than the diameter of the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end located on the outer side. The first fixing fixture 3 of the moving clamping end is in contact with the inner wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10, and the second fixing fixture 4 of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the annular boss port of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10.

[0045] In this implementation, by setting the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 at the port of the moving clamping end, a step is formed between the annular boss port and the sleeve wall. During the dynamic tensile test, as the test piece is stretched and deformed, the position of the first fixing fixture 3 at the moving clamping end, which is fixedly connected to the test piece, changes with the deformation of the test piece. Its position gradually decreases from the preset gap length h formed between it and the second fixing fixture 4 at the moving clamping end until it is in contact with the second fixing fixture 4 at the moving clamping end. At this time, the fixed deformation of the test piece is the length h. In this implementation, in order to prevent the test piece from being stretched further after the fixed deformation reaches the length h, the step formed between the annular boss port and the sleeve wall limits the maximum displacement position of the first fixing fixture 3 at the moving clamping end, that is, limits the fixed deformation of the test piece to be maintained at h, ensuring accurate and controllable quantitative deformation during the dynamic tensile test.

[0046] It should be noted that the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable sample deformation provided in the embodiments of the present invention also needs to meet the following structural design requirements:

[0047] The structure of the dynamic tensile test specimen requires that the cross-sectional area of ​​the notch region 5 at the moving clamping end be greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the gauge length segment 1a. This design requirement ensures that the notch region 5 at the moving clamping end remains in an elastic state before the specimen fractures, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of the dynamic tensile test.

[0048] The dynamic tensile testing device provided in this embodiment of the invention requires a testing machine to perform dynamic tensile tests, such as... Figure 3 The high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine shown includes a frame consisting of a static clamping device, a dynamic clamping fixture, and an actuating cylinder connected to the dynamic clamping fixture beam; a power unit consisting of a hydraulic system and a water-cooling assembly; and a control unit consisting of a control system for controlling the testing machine and a high-speed camera connected to the control system. It may also be equipped with an enhanced light source to assist in observing the testing process.

[0049] Before loading the dynamic tensile test, the static clamping end 1 of the dynamic tensile test specimen is fixedly installed in the static clamping device of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen is installed in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state; for example, the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 and the dynamic clamping fixture have a gap of 0.2 mm.

[0050] During the dynamic tensile test loading process, the dynamic clamping fixture of the test piece is controlled to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed and then instantly clamped to the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test piece. Then, the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test piece is stretched at a constant speed until the notch area 5 of the dynamic clamping end breaks, and then the test loading is stopped.

[0051] It should be noted that during the loading process of the dynamic tensile test, due to the installation structure relationship between the first fixed fixture 3, the second fixed fixture 4, and the deformation limiting support sleeve 10 of the dynamic tensile testing device and the dynamic tensile test specimen, after the gauge length segment 1a of the dynamic tensile test specimen undergoes a quantitative deformation of length h, the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 of the dynamic clamping end come into contact and are limited by the annular boss port of the deformation limiting support sleeve 10, thereby preventing further deformation of the gauge length segment 1a in the dynamic tensile test specimen, that is, fixing the deformation amount to a quantitative deformation of length h; the loading area 6 of the dynamic clamping end of the dynamic tensile test specimen will further deform under the continued loading of the high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine until fracture occurs at the notch area 5 of the dynamic clamping end, thus realizing the controllable deformation dynamic loading of the dynamic tensile test specimen.

[0052] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1 to 3 The present invention provides a dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation, and also a dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation. The dynamic tensile testing method is performed using the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation provided in the above embodiments. The dynamic tensile testing method provided in the above embodiments includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1, installation of the dynamic tensile test specimen, includes: fixing the static clamping end 1 of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the static clamping device of the testing machine, installing the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state.

[0054] Step 2: Apply dynamic tensile loading to the installed test specimen. The loading process is as follows: control the dynamic clamping fixture of the test specimen to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed, and then instantly clamp it to the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen. Then, start constant speed tensile loading of the dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the dynamic tensile test specimen until the notch area 5 of the dynamic clamping end breaks, and then stop the test loading.

[0055] In the loading process of step 2 above, the gauge length 1a of the dynamic tensile test specimen deforms by a preset length h. Then, the first fixing fixture 3 at the moving clamping end and the second fixing fixture 4 at the moving clamping end come into contact, thereby preventing further deformation of the gauge length 1a in the dynamic tensile test specimen until the notch area 5 at the moving clamping end breaks. This achieves controllable deformation dynamic loading of the dynamic tensile test specimen.

[0056] It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the invention, the fixed deformation of the gauge length segment 1a in the test piece is controlled by controlling the length h of the preset gap reserved between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end during the test piece installation process.

[0057] Furthermore, based on the control method for the fixed deformation amount in the embodiments of the present invention, the test method provided in the embodiments of the present invention may further include the following steps:

[0058] Step 3: By adjusting the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end in the installation structure, the fixed deformation of the test piece during the dynamic tensile test is changed, thereby obtaining the mechanical property test of the material under dynamic tensile stress under various fixed deformation values.

[0059] This invention, based on a high-speed hydraulic servo material testing machine with constant-speed loading, designs a set of dynamic tensile test specimens with controllable specimen deformation, a matching dynamic tensile testing device, and a corresponding testing method. On one hand, by designing the dynamic tensile test specimen as a static clamping end 1, a gauge length section 1a, and a dynamic clamping end 1b formed by a dynamic clamping end mounting area 11, a dynamic clamping end notch area 5, and a dynamic clamping end loading area 6, during the test loading process, the specimen is controlled to break from the dynamic clamping end notch area 5 rather than from the gauge length section 1a, thus controlling the gauge length section 1a to form a fixed deformation. On the other hand, by designing the structure of the dynamic tensile testing device, through static clamping… The static clamping end 1 of the test specimen is held by the end fixing fixture 2. The dynamic clamping end loading area 6 of the test specimen is simultaneously clamped by the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 with a preset gap. Using this test device, the deformation of the test specimen during the test loading process can be controlled to the preset gap length h of the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4, thereby realizing a dynamic tensile test with controllable deformation of the test specimen. Furthermore, the test device provided in this embodiment of the invention adopts a rectangular support structure and a bolt connection. The test device occupies little space, has a simple installation process, and has the advantages of light structural weight and small inertial effect. The test method for loading is simple and has strong applicability.

[0060] Furthermore, the dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation provided in this embodiment of the invention can change the fixed deformation amount of the test piece during the dynamic tensile test by adjusting the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture 3 and the second fixed fixture 4 at the moving clamping end in the installation structure. This allows for the testing of the dynamic tensile mechanical properties of materials under various fixed deformation amounts, realizing the dynamic mechanical property testing of materials under different fixed strain and strain rate coupling effects. This meets the dynamic mechanical property testing requirements of high-performance metallic materials and has broad application prospects.

[0061] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, they are merely illustrative of the embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation, characterized in that, The applied dynamic tensile test specimen includes a static clamping end (1), a gauge length section (1a), and a dynamic clamping end (1b). The dynamic clamping end (1b) includes a dynamic clamping end mounting area (11), a dynamic clamping end notch area (5), and a dynamic clamping end loading area (6) that are connected sequentially from the middle to the end to form an integral structure. The dynamic tensile test device includes a static clamping end fixing fixture (2), a dynamic clamping end first fixing fixture (3), a dynamic clamping end second fixing fixture (4), and a deformation limiting support sleeve (10). The static clamping end fixing fixture (2) is sleeved on the outside of the static clamping end (1), and the first fixing fixture (3) and the second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end are sleeved on the outside of the moving clamping end installation area (11); the deformation limiting support sleeve (10) is sleeved on the outside of the static clamping end fixing fixture (2), the first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end and the second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end; wherein the first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end is located inside the second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end, and a preset gap is reserved between the first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end and the second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end before the test loading; Before loading the dynamic tensile test, the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture (3) at the moving clamping end and the second fixed fixture (4) at the moving clamping end is set to achieve the fixed deformation of the dynamic tensile test piece under different deformation control. The dynamic tensile testing device further includes: a first fixing bolt (7), a second fixing bolt (8), and a third fixing bolt (9); The static bearing end fixing fixture (2) is fixedly connected to one side end of the deformation limiting support sleeve (10) by the first fixing bolt (7); The first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the moving clamping end mounting area (11) by the second fixing bolt (8), so that the first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end is in contact with the cylinder wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve (10); The second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the other end of the deformation limiting support sleeve (10) by the third fixing bolt (9); The deformation limiting support sleeve (10) and the side port of the moving clamping end (1b) form an annular boss port. The diameter of the first fixing tool (3) of the moving clamping end located on the inner side is larger than the diameter of the second fixing tool (4) of the moving clamping end located on the outer side. The first fixing tool (3) of the moving clamping end fits against the inner wall of the deformation limiting support sleeve (10). The second fixing tool (4) of the moving clamping end is fixedly connected to the annular boss port of the deformation limiting support sleeve (10) and is used to limit the displacement length of the first fixing tool (3) of the moving clamping end through the annular boss port during the dynamic tensile test.

2. The dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the dynamic tensile test specimen, the cross-sectional area of ​​the notch area (5) at the dynamic clamping end is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the cross-sectional area of ​​the gauge length section (1a).

3. The dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, Before loading the dynamic tensile test, the static clamping end (1) of the dynamic tensile test piece is fixedly installed in the static clamping device of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) of the dynamic tensile test piece is installed in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state.

4. The dynamic tensile testing device with controllable specimen deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that, During the dynamic tensile test loading process, the dynamic clamping fixture of the test piece is controlled to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed and then instantly clamped to the loading area (6) of the dynamic clamping end of the dynamic tensile test piece. Then, the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) of the dynamic tensile test piece is stretched at a constant speed until the notch area (5) of the dynamic clamping end breaks and the test loading is stopped.

5. A dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation, characterized in that, The dynamic tensile testing method is performed using a dynamic tensile testing apparatus with controllable specimen deformation as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dynamic tensile testing method includes: Step 1, installation of dynamic tensile test specimen, including: fixing the static clamping end (1) of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the static clamping device of the testing machine, installing the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) of the dynamic tensile test specimen in the dynamic clamping fixture of the testing machine, and the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) and the dynamic clamping fixture are in a non-contact state. Step 2: Dynamic tensile loading is applied to the completed test specimen. The loading process is as follows: the dynamic clamping fixture of the test specimen is controlled to accelerate from a standstill to a preset speed and then instantly clamped to the loading area (6) of the dynamic clamping end of the dynamic tensile test specimen. Then, the dynamic clamping end loading area (6) of the dynamic tensile test specimen is stretched at a constant speed until the notch area (5) of the dynamic clamping end breaks and the test loading is stopped.

6. The dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that, During the loading process in step 2, after the gauge length segment (1a) of the dynamic tensile test piece deforms by a preset length h, the first fixing fixture (3) of the moving clamping end comes into contact with the second fixing fixture (4) of the moving clamping end, thereby preventing further deformation of the gauge length segment (1a) in the dynamic tensile test piece until the notch area (5) of the moving clamping end breaks.

7. The dynamic tensile testing method with controllable specimen deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Step 3: By adjusting the length of the preset gap between the first fixed fixture (3) at the moving clamping end and the second fixed fixture (4) at the moving clamping end in the installation structure, the fixed deformation of the test piece during the dynamic tensile test is changed, thereby obtaining the mechanical property test of the material under dynamic tensile stress under various fixed deformation values.

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