Locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an installation and disassembly device and method for a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer. The device includes a base, a hydraulic station, and longitudinal and transverse moving mechanisms. The longitudinal moving mechanism includes a front longitudinal support, a bottom plate, a front movable plate, a front longitudinal fixed plate, a rear longitudinal fixed plate, a guide rod, a rear movable plate, a longitudinal oil cylinder, and a rear longitudinal support, which are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the base on the central axis of the base; the transverse moving mechanism includes a front transverse support, an adjustment block, a front movable frame, a front transverse fixed plate, a rear transverse fixed plate, a telescopic guide rod, a transverse oil cylinder, and a rear transverse support, which are arranged in sequence along the transverse direction of the base on the front side of the base. During installation, the method compresses the buffer length through the longitudinal moving mechanism and pushes the buffer into the inner cavity of the tail frame through the transverse moving mechanism; during disassembly, the buffer is pushed out of the inner cavity of the tail frame through the transverse moving mechanism. The device and method improve the assembly quality and efficiency of the tail frame and the buffer, reduce the labor intensity of the operation, and eliminate safety hazards during the disassembly process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of railway transportation equipment, and in particular to a device and method for installing and disassembling a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer. Background Art

[0002] The coupler is one of the important parts of the locomotive. It connects the locomotive to the vehicle or the vehicle to the vehicle, and transmits and alleviates the traction and impact force generated by the locomotive during operation or shunting. Figure 1 As shown, the coupler consists of a coupler tongue 1, a hook body 2, a buffer 3, a tail frame 4 and other parts. The buffer 3 is arranged in the tail frame 4, and the hook body 2 and the tail frame 4 are connected into a whole by means of a coupler tail pin 5, so that the locomotive has the functions of coupling, traction and buffering.

[0003] Buffers are used to mitigate collisions between vehicles during locomotive operation and shunting operations, absorb impact kinetic energy, and reduce the dynamic effects generated when vehicles collide with each other.

[0004] When the metal-synthetic rubber elastic element of the coupler buffer is damaged, the metal friction element is damaged, or the size of the coupler tail pin or hole exceeds the limit, the buffer needs to be reassembled.

[0005] The buffer is usually composed of metal-synthetic rubber elastic elements and metal friction elements. Figure 2 As shown, in the natural state, the length of the metal-synthetic rubber elastic element and the metal friction element of the buffer 3 is greater than the length of the installation part of the tail frame 4. When installing and removing the tail frame buffer, the elastic element and the metal friction element of the buffer 3 are usually knocked into the corresponding parts of the tail frame 4 by tightening a rope and hitting with a hammer. This method is labor-intensive and takes a long time to operate. The installation quality cannot be guaranteed, and there are serious safety hazards in the assembly and disassembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for installing and disassembling a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer. The device and method overcome the defects of traditional coupler tail frame buffer disassembly and assembly, improve the assembly quality and efficiency of the tail frame and buffer, reduce the labor intensity of the operation, and eliminate the safety hazards during the disassembly and assembly process.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device for installing and removing a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer, which includes a base, a hydraulic station, a longitudinal movement mechanism, and a transverse movement mechanism. The hydraulic station is provided at a corner of the top surface of the base.

[0008] The front and rear movable plates are respectively arranged on the front and rear ends of the guide rods, the rear longitudinal support is arranged on the top surface of the base and is located on the rear side of the base, and the longitudinal cylinder is arranged between the rear longitudinal support and the rear movable plate;

[0009] The traverse movement mechanism includes a front traverse support, an adjusting block, a front moving frame, a front traverse fixing plate, a rear traverse fixing plate, a telescopic guide rod, a traverse oil cylinder and a rear traverse support which are sequentially arranged on the front side of the base along the traverse direction of the base, the front traverse support and the front moving frame are respectively located on both sides of the base plate, the front traverse support is fixed to the top surface of the base, the adjusting block is movably arranged at intervals on the vertical surface of the front traverse support, the rear traverse support is fixed to the top surface of the base and is located on the same axis as the front traverse support and the base plate, the front traverse fixing plate and the rear traverse fixing plate are spaced apart from each other on the top surface of the base and are located in front of the rear traverse support, the telescopic guide rod and the traverse oil cylinder respectively movably pass through the front traverse fixing plate and the rear traverse fixing plate and have a rear end connected to the rear traverse support and a front end connected to the front moving frame;

[0010] The hydraulic stations are connected to the longitudinal oil cylinder and the transverse oil cylinder respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the device also includes hanging rings, which are arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the base.

[0012] Furthermore, the front longitudinal support includes spaced columns, a U-shaped movable frame seat and a reinforcing rib plate. The outer side of the column is provided with a slot, and the two ends of the U-shaped movable frame seat are inserted into the slot. The reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the column and the base.

[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the bottom plate matches the thickness of the steel plate on the bottom surface of the tail frame.

[0014] Furthermore, the front movable frame includes a U-shaped inner frame and a U-shaped outer frame, the U-shaped inner frame is embedded in the U-shaped outer frame and connected with bolts and nuts, the outer surface of the U-shaped inner frame is provided with a cylinder seat and a guide rod seat, and the front ends of the transverse cylinder and the telescopic guide rod are located in the cylinder seat and the guide rod seat.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of first positioning holes are provided at intervals on the top surface of the front transverse support of the transverse moving mechanism, a second positioning hole is provided on the top surface of the adjustment block, and the front transverse support and the adjustment block are fixed by inserting U-shaped clips into the first positioning holes and the second positioning holes.

[0016] A method for installing and disassembling a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer based on the above device comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Select adjustment blocks according to the model of the assembled buffer and install the adjustment blocks at intervals on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support;

[0018] Step 2: Place the tail frame to be assembled on the bottom plate with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment blocks, and make sure that the adjustment blocks do not block the buffer installation part of the tail frame;

[0019] Step 3: Place the metal end plate, synthetic rubber, and metal backing plate that constitute the buffer on the bottom plate and on the side of the inner cavity of the tail frame in sequence;

[0020] Step 4: Start the hydraulic station and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the longitudinal oil cylinder to push the rear movable plate. The rear movable plate pushes the front movable plate through the guide rod. During this period, the front longitudinal fixed plate and the rear longitudinal fixed plate play a supporting role and guide role of the guide rod. The front movable plate compresses the buffer through the front longitudinal support until the length of the buffer is less than the inner cavity length of the tail frame;

[0021] Step 5: Use the operating handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder, which drives the telescopic guide rod to extend and the front moving frame to move at the same time. During this period, the front transverse fixed plate and the rear transverse fixed plate play a supporting role and guide the telescopic guide rod. The front moving frame pushes the buffer to move transversely into the inner cavity of the tail frame. When the longitudinal center line of the tail frame coincides with the longitudinal center line of the buffer, the movement stops;

[0022] Step 6: Use the operating handle to retract the horizontal cylinder and the longitudinal cylinder respectively, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station, and complete the buffer installation;

[0023] Step 7: When disassembling the buffer, select adjustment blocks according to the model of the buffer to be disassembled, and set the adjustment blocks at intervals on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support. The thickness of the adjustment blocks should be greater than the width of the buffer.

[0024] Step 8: Place the tail frame to be disassembled on the bottom plate with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment blocks, and ensure that the adjustment blocks do not block the buffer in the tail frame cavity;

[0025] Step 9: Start the hydraulic station and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder, driving the telescopic guide rod to extend, and at the same time driving the front moving frame to move, pushing the buffer out of the tail frame cavity until the buffer is located between the two adjustment blocks on the vertical surface of the front transverse support;

[0026] Step 10. Use the operating handle to retract the horizontal cylinder, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station, and complete the disassembly of the buffer.

[0027] Because the device and method for installing and disassembling the locomotive coupler tail frame buffer of the present invention adopt the above-mentioned technical solution, that is, the device includes a base, a hydraulic station, a longitudinal moving mechanism and a transverse moving mechanism. The longitudinal moving mechanism includes a front longitudinal support, a bottom plate, a front moving plate, a front longitudinal fixed plate, a rear longitudinal fixed plate, a guide rod, a rear moving plate, a longitudinal oil cylinder and a rear longitudinal support arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the base on the central axis of the base; the transverse moving mechanism includes a front transverse support, an adjustment block, a front moving frame, a front transverse fixed plate, a rear transverse fixed plate, a telescopic guide rod, a transverse oil cylinder and a rear transverse support arranged in sequence along the transverse direction of the base on the front side of the base. When installing the buffer, the method compresses the buffer length through the longitudinal moving mechanism and pushes the buffer into the tail frame cavity through the transverse moving mechanism; when disassembling, the buffer is pushed out of the tail frame cavity through the transverse moving mechanism. The device and method overcome the defects of traditional coupler tail frame buffer disassembly and assembly, improve the assembly quality and efficiency of the tail frame and buffer, reduce the labor intensity of the operation, and eliminate safety hazards during the disassembly and assembly process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the locomotive coupler structure;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the buffer and tail frame in the locomotive coupler;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a device for installing and removing a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the front longitudinal support in this device;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the front moving frame in this device;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation and disassembly method of the locomotive coupler tail frame buffer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Implementation example Figure 3 As shown, the installation and disassembly device of the locomotive coupler tail frame buffer of the present invention includes a base 6, a hydraulic station 7, a longitudinal movement mechanism 8 and a transverse movement mechanism 9, and the hydraulic station 7 is arranged at a corner of the top surface of the base 6;

[0036] The longitudinal movement mechanism 8 includes a front longitudinal support 81, a bottom plate 82, a front movable plate 83, a front longitudinal fixed plate 84, a rear longitudinal fixed plate 85, a guide rod 86, a rear movable plate 87, a longitudinal oil cylinder 88 and a rear longitudinal support 89 which are sequentially arranged on the central axis of the base 6 along the longitudinal direction of the base 6. The bottom plate 82 is welded to the top surface of the base 6 and is located at the front side of the base 6. The front longitudinal support 81 is arranged on the front side of the bottom plate 82, the front longitudinal fixed plate 84 and the rear longitudinal fixed plate 85 are arranged at intervals on the rear side of the bottom plate 82, the guide rod 86 movably penetrates the front longitudinal fixed plate 84 and the rear longitudinal fixed plate 85, the front movable plate 83 and the rear movable plate 84 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the guide rod 86, the rear longitudinal support 89 is arranged on the top surface of the base 6 and is located at the rear side of the base 6, and the longitudinal oil cylinder 88 is arranged between the rear longitudinal support 89 and the rear movable plate 84;

[0037] The lateral movement mechanism 9 includes a front lateral support 91, an adjustment block 92, a front moving frame 93, a front lateral fixing plate 94, a rear lateral fixing plate 95, a telescopic guide rod 96, a lateral oil cylinder 97 and a rear lateral support 98 which are sequentially arranged on the front side of the base 6 along the transverse direction of the base 6. The front lateral support 91 and the front moving frame 93 are respectively located on both sides of the bottom plate 82. The front lateral support 91 is fixed to the top surface of the base 6, the adjustment block 92 is movably arranged at intervals on the vertical surface of the front lateral support 91, the rear lateral support 98 is fixed to the top surface of the base 6 and is located on the same axis as the front lateral support 91 and the bottom plate 82. The front lateral fixing plate 94 and the rear lateral fixing plate 95 are spaced apart and are located in front of the rear lateral support 98. The telescopic guide rod 96 and the lateral oil cylinder 97 respectively movably pass through the front lateral fixing plate 94 and the rear lateral fixing plate 95 and are connected to the rear lateral support 98 at the rear end and the front end to the front moving frame 93.

[0038] The hydraulic station 7 is connected to the longitudinal cylinder 88 and the transverse cylinder 97 respectively.

[0039] Preferably, the device further comprises lifting rings 61, which are provided at the four corners of the top surface of the base 6. The lifting rings are used for lifting the entire device.

[0040] Preferably, Figure 4 As shown, the front longitudinal support 81 includes spaced columns 811, a U-shaped movable frame seat 812 and a reinforcing rib plate 813. The outer side surface of the column 811 is provided with a slot, and the two ends of the U-shaped movable frame seat 812 are inserted into the slot. The reinforcing rib plate 813 is arranged between the column 811 and the base 6.

[0041] Preferably, the thickness of the bottom plate 82 matches the thickness of the tail frame bottom steel plate to avoid a height difference between the bottom plate and the tail frame bottom steel plate, making it easier for the buffer to move between the bottom plate and the tail frame bottom steel plate during assembly and disassembly.

[0042] Preferably, Figure 5 As shown, the front moving frame 93 includes a U-shaped inner frame 931 and a U-shaped outer frame 932. The U-shaped inner frame 931 is embedded in the U-shaped outer frame 932 and is connected by bolts and nuts 933. The outer surface of the U-shaped inner frame 931 is provided with a cylinder seat and a guide rod seat. The front ends of the transverse cylinder 97 and the telescopic guide rod 96 are located in the cylinder seat and the guide rod seat.

[0043] Preferably, a plurality of first positioning holes 911 are spaced apart on the top surface of the front transverse support 91 of the transverse movement mechanism 9, and a second positioning hole 922 is provided on the top surface of the adjustment block 92. The front transverse support 91 and the adjustment block 92 are secured by inserting a U-shaped clip 912 into the first positioning holes 911 and the second positioning holes 922. The first positioning holes 911 allow for easy adjustment of the spacing between the two adjustment blocks 92 to match the model of the buffer to be installed or removed.

[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a method for installing and disassembling a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer based on the above device includes the following steps:

[0045] Step 1: Select the adjustment block 92 according to the model of the assembled buffer 3, and install the adjustment block 92 on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support 91 at intervals;

[0046] Step 2: Place the tail frame 4 to be assembled on the bottom plate 82 with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment block 92, and make sure that the adjustment block 92 does not block the installation part of the buffer 3 of the tail frame 4;

[0047] Step 3: Place the metal end plate, synthetic rubber, and metal backing plate that constitute the buffer 3 on the bottom plate 82 in sequence and on the side of the inner cavity of the tail frame 4;

[0048] Step 4: Start the hydraulic station 7 and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the longitudinal oil cylinder 88 to push the rear movable plate 87. The rear movable plate 97 pushes the front movable plate 83 through the guide rod 86. During this period, the front longitudinal fixed plate 84 and the rear longitudinal fixed plate 85 play a supporting role and guide role of the guide rod 86. The front movable plate 82 compresses the buffer 3 through the front longitudinal support 81 until the length of the buffer 3 is less than the inner cavity length of the tail frame 4.

[0049] Step 5: Use the operating handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder 97, which drives the telescopic guide rod 96 to extend and simultaneously drives the front moving frame 93 to move. During this period, the front transverse fixing plate 94 and the rear transverse fixing plate 95 support and guide the telescopic guide rod 96. The front moving frame 93 pushes the buffer 3 to move transversely into the inner cavity of the tail frame 4. When the longitudinal center line of the tail frame 4 coincides with the longitudinal center line of the buffer 3, the movement stops.

[0050] Step 6: Use the operating handle to retract the horizontal cylinder 97 and the longitudinal cylinder 88 respectively, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station 7, and complete the installation of the buffer 3;

[0051] Step 7: When disassembling the buffer 3, select the adjustment block 92 according to the model of the disassembled buffer 3, and set the adjustment block 92 at intervals on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support 91, and the thickness of the adjustment block 92 is greater than the width of the buffer 3;

[0052] Step 8: Place the tail frame 4 to be disassembled on the bottom plate 82 with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment blocks 92, and ensure that the adjustment blocks 92 do not block the buffer 3 in the inner cavity of the tail frame 4;

[0053] Step 9: Start the hydraulic station 7 and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder 97, which drives the telescopic guide rod 96 to extend, and at the same time drives the front moving frame 93 to move, pushing the buffer 3 out of the inner cavity of the tail frame 4 until the buffer 3 is located between the two adjustment blocks 92 on the vertical surface of the front transverse support 91;

[0054] Step 10: Operate the handle to retract the horizontal oil cylinder 97, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station 7, and complete the disassembly of the buffer 3.

[0055] The device and method have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture and operate. Through the hydraulic pushing of the longitudinal moving mechanism and the transverse moving mechanism, the tail frame buffer can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, without the need for manual disassembly and assembly through rope pulling or hammering. This greatly improves the efficiency and quality of the buffer disassembly and assembly, reduces labor intensity, and eliminates safety hazards during the disassembly and assembly process.

Claims

1. A device for installing and removing a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer, characterized by: The device comprises a base, a hydraulic station, a longitudinal moving mechanism and a transverse moving mechanism, wherein the hydraulic station is arranged at a corner of the top surface of the base; The front and rear movable plates are respectively arranged on the front and rear ends of the guide rods, the rear longitudinal support is arranged on the top surface of the base and is located on the rear side of the base, and the longitudinal cylinder is arranged between the rear longitudinal support and the rear movable plate; The traverse movement mechanism includes a front traverse support, an adjusting block, a front moving frame, a front traverse fixing plate, a rear traverse fixing plate, a telescopic guide rod, a traverse oil cylinder and a rear traverse support which are sequentially arranged on the front side of the base along the traverse direction of the base, the front traverse support and the front moving frame are respectively located on both sides of the base plate, the front traverse support is fixed to the top surface of the base, the adjusting block is movably arranged at intervals on the vertical surface of the front traverse support, the rear traverse support is fixed to the top surface of the base and is located on the same axis as the front traverse support and the base plate, the front traverse fixing plate and the rear traverse fixing plate are spaced apart from each other on the top surface of the base and are located in front of the rear traverse support, the telescopic guide rod and the traverse oil cylinder respectively movably pass through the front traverse fixing plate and the rear traverse fixing plate and have a rear end connected to the rear traverse support and a front end connected to the front moving frame; The hydraulic stations are connected to the longitudinal oil cylinder and the transverse oil cylinder respectively.

2. The locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes hanging rings, which are arranged at the four corners of the top surface of the base.

3. The locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The front longitudinal support includes spaced columns, a U-shaped movable frame seat and a reinforcing rib plate. The outer side of the column is provided with a slot, and the two ends of the U-shaped movable frame seat are inserted into the slot. The reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the column and the base.

4. The locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the bottom plate matches the thickness of the steel plate on the bottom surface of the tail frame.

5. The locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The front movable frame includes a U-shaped inner frame and a U-shaped outer frame. The U-shaped inner frame is embedded in the U-shaped outer frame and connected with bolts and nuts. The outer surface of the U-shaped inner frame is provided with a cylinder seat and a guide rod seat. The front ends of the transverse cylinder and the telescopic guide rod are located in the cylinder seat and the guide rod seat.

6. The locomotive coupler tail frame buffer installation and removal device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A plurality of first positioning through holes are provided at intervals on the top surface of the front transverse support of the transverse moving mechanism, a second positioning through hole is provided on the top surface of the adjustment block, and the front transverse support and the adjustment block are fixed by inserting U-shaped clips into the first positioning through holes and the second positioning through holes.

7. A method for installing and disassembling a locomotive coupler tail frame buffer based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that This method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select adjustment blocks according to the model of the assembled buffer and install the adjustment blocks at intervals on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support; Step 2: Place the tail frame to be assembled on the bottom plate with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment blocks, and make sure that the adjustment blocks do not block the buffer installation part of the tail frame; Step 3: Place the metal end plate, synthetic rubber, and metal backing plate that constitute the buffer on the bottom plate and on the side of the inner cavity of the tail frame in sequence; Step 4: Start the hydraulic station and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the longitudinal oil cylinder to push the rear movable plate. The rear movable plate pushes the front movable plate through the guide rod. During this period, the front longitudinal fixed plate and the rear longitudinal fixed plate play a supporting role and guide role of the guide rod. The front movable plate compresses the buffer through the front longitudinal support until the length of the buffer is less than the inner cavity length of the tail frame; Step 5: Use the operating handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder, which drives the telescopic guide rod to extend and the front moving frame to move at the same time. During this period, the front transverse fixed plate and the rear transverse fixed plate play a supporting role and guide the telescopic guide rod. The front moving frame pushes the buffer to move transversely into the inner cavity of the tail frame. When the longitudinal center line of the tail frame coincides with the longitudinal center line of the buffer, the movement stops; Step 6: Use the operating handle to retract the horizontal cylinder and the longitudinal cylinder respectively, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station, and complete the buffer installation; Step 7: When disassembling the buffer, select adjustment blocks according to the model of the buffer to be disassembled, and set the adjustment blocks at intervals on the vertical surface of the front horizontal support. The thickness of the adjustment blocks should be greater than the width of the buffer. Step 8: Place the tail frame to be disassembled on the bottom plate with the front and rear ends close to the adjustment blocks, and ensure that the adjustment blocks do not block the buffer in the tail frame cavity; Step 9: Start the hydraulic station and operate the handle to extend the piston rod of the transverse oil cylinder, driving the telescopic guide rod to extend, and at the same time driving the front moving frame to move, pushing the buffer out of the tail frame cavity until the buffer is located between the two adjustment blocks on the vertical surface of the front transverse support; Step 10. Use the operating handle to retract the horizontal cylinder, open the unloading valve to unload, cut off the power supply of the hydraulic station, and complete the disassembly of the buffer.

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