A bioreactor

Abstract

The present application relates to a bioreactor. The bioreactor includes a box body and a nano-ceramic component, and the nano-ceramic component is installed in the box body; the box body is provided with a water inlet, a ventilation window, and a fixing groove. The water inlet is located above the box body, the ventilation window is located below the water inlet and on both sides of the box body, and the fixing groove is located below the ventilation window; a water distributor is arranged in the box body and connected to the water inlet; the nano-ceramic component includes a fixing shaft and a nano-ceramic membrane, and the fixing shaft fixes the nano-ceramic membrane on the fixing groove. The small-sized nano-ceramic membrane sewage treatment bioreactor of the present application adopts a stacked arrangement mode of nano-ceramic membranes. On the one hand, it can provide a sufficient environment for the growth of sewage microorganisms to form a biofilm, greatly improving the space utilization rate, and only relying on natural ventilation can provide the necessary oxygen for pollutant degradation; the formed air layer and water flow layer can grow aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and the aerobic bacteria can obtain continuous oxygen from the atmosphere.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a bioreactor for treating sewage. Background Art

[0002] Special geographical locations and environments such as highway service areas result in problems with long transportation distances, high disposal costs, and great emission reduction pressures for the waste they generate. Since highway service areas are far from cities, the sewage generated cannot be directly discharged into the urban pipe network. With the development of the economy, the amount of sewage generated by highway service areas is gradually increasing. In the early construction of highway service areas in China, dedicated sewage treatment system facilities were not designed, or only traditional septic tanks were equipped to treat sewage, but the corresponding treatment effects were not obvious, having a very large impact on the surrounding environment, water, and air. In the construction and renovation of modern service areas, it is urgent to realize the recycling and on-site consumption of service area sewage and achieve near-zero sewage discharge.

[0003] Due to the characteristics of small area, few permanent residents, large mobility, and far distance from the urban area in highway service areas, the sewage in the service area mainly comes from domestic miscellaneous water such as kitchen water, toilet water, and washing water. Common sewage treatment processes mainly include hydrolysis acidification - contact oxidation, anaerobic - aerobic (A / O), anaerobic - anoxic - aerobic (A2 / O), and membrane bioreactor (MBR), etc. The main structural forms adopted are buried integrated devices and split reinforced concrete structures.

[0004] In the prior art, the mainstream sewage treatment processes have problems such as low influent COD, resulting in insufficient denitrification; competition between nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus-removing bacteria for carbon sources, resulting in poor phosphorus-removing effects; and the need to add external carbon sources, increasing the sewage treatment cost and management difficulties. Considering the special geographical location and various factors of the service area, it is necessary to focus on selecting a sewage treatment technology that is stable, reliable, and suitable for miniaturization. Therefore, the selected sewage treatment technology should have the characteristics of small floor area, good treatment effect, easy maintenance, and convenient operation and management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in the related art, this application provides a bioreactor, which can provide a nano-ceramic membrane carrier with a good growth environment for sewage-metabolizing microorganisms, form a high-density biofilm produced by microorganisms themselves, and filter and purify the sewage.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a bioreactor for sewage treatment. The bioreactor includes a box body and a nano-ceramic component, and the nano-ceramic component is installed in the box body. The box body is provided with a water inlet, a ventilation window, and a fixing groove. The water inlet is located above the box body, the ventilation window is located below the water inlet and on both sides of the box body, and the fixing groove is located below the ventilation window. A water distributor is arranged in the box body and connected to the water inlet. The nano-ceramic component includes a fixing shaft and a nano-ceramic membrane, and the fixing shaft fixes the nano-ceramic membrane on the fixing groove.

[0007] Preferably, the box body is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm, and the box body is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 1 m and a height of 1.5 m.

[0008] Preferably, there are a plurality of fixing grooves. The fixing grooves are groove-shaped structures made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm. A plurality of the fixing grooves are respectively welded at the symmetric cross positions inside the box body, and the fixing grooves are arranged at intervals from top to bottom inside the box body into corresponding groups.

[0009] Preferably, two ventilation windows are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the box body for convective heat transfer of air inside the box body.

[0010] Preferably, the nano-ceramic membrane is circular with a diameter of 97 cm, and the nano-ceramic membrane is fixed on the fixing shaft through a nylon material.

[0011] Preferably, the nano-ceramic membrane is a nano-ceramic membrane with iron sulfide loaded on the surface. The specific surface area of the nano-ceramic membrane > 4000 m2 / m3, the warp direction ≥ 300 N, the weft direction ≥ 180 N, and the tear strength of the nano-ceramic membrane is warp direction ≥ 9 N, weft direction ≥ 6.7 N.

[0012] Preferably, the preparation of the nano-ceramic membrane includes the following steps:

[0013] Step 1: Using the precipitation method, uniformly mix an aluminum chloride solution, a precipitating agent, and a surfactant, and form nano-aluminum oxide particles with smaller particle sizes under the condition that the precipitation temperature range is 40 - 50 °C.

[0014] Step 2: The nano-aluminum oxide particles are calcined, pulverized, and pressed to form a nano-ceramic membrane.

[0015] Preferably, in step 1, the concentration of the aluminum chloride solution is 0.4 M, the precipitating agent is sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, and the surfactant is polyethylene glycol 600 or polyethylene glycol 1500.

[0016] The particle size of the nano-aluminum oxide is 100-200 nm; the concentration of the aluminum oxide solution is 0.4 M. If it is too large, it will cause the particle size of the aluminum oxide particles to be too large, and too large aluminum oxide particle size will affect the subsequent film pressing.

[0017] In step 2, the calcination temperature range is 400-500 °C, the pulverization method is ultrasonic pulverization, and the pressing method is plate pressing to form a film.

[0018] Preferably, the method for loading iron sulfide on the surface of the nano-ceramic membrane is: loading iron sulfide on the surface of the nano-ceramic membrane by laser cladding, and the proportion of iron sulfide sprayed on the surface of the nano-ceramic thin film is 5-10%;

[0019] Preferably, the laser spraying speed is 1-10 mm / s, the input power of the laser is 1-2 kW, the spot diameter of the laser is 4-8 mm, and the overlap rate is 20-60%

[0020] Preferably, the water distributor uses a central pipe with an inlet pipe diameter of 60 mm, the water distributor is symmetrically provided with two water inlets on the left and right, and the water distributor uses a water pump with a flow rate of 10 cubic meters / h and a head of 5 m.

[0021] Preferably, the fixed shaft is a cross-shaped fixed shaft, the fixed shaft is made of stainless steel bars with a diameter of 1 cm welded together, and the length of the fixed shaft is 99 cm.

[0022] The technical solution provided by this application may include the following beneficial effects: 1. The nano-ceramic membrane of this application is assembled through a bracket to form a disc-shaped membrane module, which is fixed layer by layer in the bioreactor. Microorganisms can attach to the nano-ceramic membrane module. Through the separation of water and gas, the functions of the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank can be simultaneously exerted in a single system. During the metabolic process, heat energy is generated at the same time, increasing the air circulation, and then bringing more oxygen into the system. There is no need to add an additional aerator, only a general water pump is required, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low floor area, and high efficiency.

[0023] 2. The nano-ceramic membrane of this application adopts a laminated layout method. On the one hand, it can provide a sufficient environment for the growth of sewage microorganisms to form a biofilm, greatly improving the space utilization rate. Only relying on natural ventilation can provide the necessary oxygen for pollutant degradation. The formed air layer and water flow layer can grow aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria, and aerobic bacteria can obtain continuous oxygen from the atmosphere. On the other hand, it can also play a filtering role. At the same time, the nano-ceramic membrane module is light in weight, easy to install, reducing the difficulty of maintenance, replacement and cleaning, and there is no need for frequently replaceable consumables, with a long service life and relatively low cost. It can be directly amplified, extended and expanded under the conditions of low labor cost and floor area.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] By describing the exemplary embodiments of this application in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of this application will become more apparent. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a bioreactor shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a nanoceramic component shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a top view of the installation structure of the nanoceramic component of

[0029] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the installation structure of the nanoceramic component shown in an embodiment of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0030] The preferred embodiments of this application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make this application more thorough and complete, and to convey the scope of this application fully to those skilled in the art.

[0031] The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0032] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural view of a bioreactor shown in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , a bioreactor, which includes a box body 1 and a nano-ceramic component 8.

[0037] The box body 1 is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm, and the box body 1 is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 1 m and a height of 1.5 m. The box body 1 of the bioreactor is used to place the nano-ceramic component 8 and the water distributor 15, and is the main structural component for sewage biological treatment.

[0038] The box body 1 is provided with a water inlet 12, a ventilation window 16, and a fixing groove 14. The water inlet 12 is located above the box body 1, the ventilation window 16 is located below the water inlet 12 and on both sides of the box body 1, the fixing groove 14 is located below the ventilation window 16, and a water outlet 13 is also provided at the bottom of the box body 1. Two ventilation windows 16 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the box body 1 respectively, for convective heat exchange of air inside the box body 1.

[0039] In one of the embodiments, the box body 1 of the bioreactor is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm, and is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 1 m and a height of 1.5 m as a whole.

[0040] There are a plurality of the fixing grooves 14. The fixing grooves 14 are groove-shaped structures made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm. A plurality of the fixing grooves 14 are respectively welded at the symmetric cross positions inside the box body 1, and the fixing grooves 14 are arranged at corresponding intervals from top to bottom inside the box body 1 into several groups.

[0041] In one embodiment, the fixing groove 14 is a groove-shaped structure made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm and a size of 1.2 cm * 1.2 cm, and is welded at the symmetric cross positions inside the box body 1. From top to bottom, several groups are set at corresponding intervals as required.

[0042] The water distributor 15 is arranged in the box body 1 and connected to the water inlet 12. The water distributor 15 uses a central pipe with an inlet pipe diameter of 60 mm. Two water outlets are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the water distributor 15. The water distributor 15 uses a water pump with a flow rate of 10 cubic meters per hour and a head of 5 m. That is, the water distributor 15 uses a central pipe with an inlet pipe diameter of 60 mm, and is arranged for one-to-two water distribution. The flow rate is selected according to the head flow rate of the water pump, and a water pump with a flow rate of 10 cubic meters per hour and a head of 5 m is selected.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the nano-ceramic membrane is a nano-ceramic carrier for a good growth environment of sewage microorganisms, forming a high-density biofilm produced by microorganisms themselves. The nano-ceramic component 8 is installed in the box body 1. The nano-ceramic component 8 includes a fixing shaft 81 and a nano-ceramic membrane 82. The fixing shaft 81 fixes the nano-ceramic membrane 82 on the fixing groove 14. The nano-ceramic component 8 is composed of a cross fixing shaft 81 and a nano-ceramic membrane 82, and is a carrier of the nano-ceramic membrane 82 for a good growth environment of metabolizing sewage microorganisms. The nano-ceramic membrane 82 is cut into a circular shape and fixed by the cross fixing shaft 81. The nano-ceramic component 8 is arranged and fixed in the fixing groove 14 of the bioreactor component through the cross fixing shaft 81.

[0044] In one embodiment, the nano-ceramic membrane 82 is circular with a diameter of 97 cm, and the nano-ceramic membrane 82 is fixed on the fixing shaft 81 through nylon material. The surface of the nano-ceramic membrane 82 is a nano-ceramic membrane loaded with iron sulfide. The specific surface area of the nano-ceramic membrane 82 > 4000 m2 / m3, the warp direction ≥ 300 N, the weft direction ≥ 180 N, and the tearing strength of the nano-ceramic membrane 82 is warp direction ≥ 9 N, weft direction ≥ 6.7 N. The fixing shaft 81 is a cross fixing shaft 81, and the fixing shaft 81 is made of stainless steel bars with a diameter of 1 cm by welding, and the length of the fixing shaft 81 is 99 cm.

[0045] In one embodiment, the cross fixing shaft 81 is made of stainless steel bars with a diameter of 1 cm and 304 by welding, and the length is 99 cm. The nano-ceramic membrane 82 is cut into a circular shape with a diameter of 97 cm and fixed on the cross fixing shaft 81 with nylon threads.

[0046] The assembly method of the bioreactor is as follows Figures 2 to 4As shown: First, prepare multiple groups of nano-ceramic components 8 with fixed specifications. In this example, the nano-ceramic components 8 are set to 6 groups. Second, place the nano-ceramic components 8 in the component fixing slots 14 group by group from bottom to top, with a total of six layers arranged, and the installation arrangement is as Figure 2 , 3 shown. Third, install a water distributor 15 at the top water inlet 12 of the box body 1 of the bioreactor. The sewage pretreated by the grille enters the box body 1 of the bioreactor through a water pump, and the sewage is sprayed into the nano-ceramic components 8 in the box body 1 through the water distributor 15. The outside air realizes air convection in the box body 1 through two air vents 16 provided at the upper and lower parts of the box body 1 respectively. Microorganisms form a high-density biofilm produced by the microorganisms themselves in the sewage environment in about seven days through the nano-ceramic membrane 82. Thus, under the continuous pumping and circulation of the water pump, the sewage is treated by the bioreactor to achieve the filtration and purification effect; using the reactor of the present invention, the removal rates of COD, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen reach 90.1%, 91.4% and 82.1% in seven days.

[0047] The bioreactor provided by this application uses a nano-ceramic membrane carrier that can provide a good growth environment for sewage-metabolizing microorganisms to form a high-density biofilm produced by the microorganisms themselves, and filters and purifies the sewage. The nano-ceramic membrane is assembled into a disk-type membrane module through a bracket and arranged layer by layer in the reactor. Microorganisms can attach to the membrane module, and through the separation of water and gas, it can simultaneously play the roles of an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank in this single system, generate heat energy during the metabolic process, increase the air flow circulation, and then bring more oxygen into the system. There is no need to add an additional aerator, and only a general water pump is required, which has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low floor area and high efficiency.

[0048] The embodiments of the present application have been described above. The above description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and changes are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The selection of the terms used herein is intended to best explain the principles of the embodiments, practical applications or improvements to the technologies in the market, or to enable other ordinary technical personnel in the technical field to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A bioreactor for sewage treatment, characterized in that: The bioreactor includes a box body and a nano-ceramic component, and the nano-ceramic component is installed in the box body; The box body is provided with a water inlet, a ventilation window, and a fixing groove. The water inlet is located above the box body, the ventilation window is located below the water inlet and on both sides of the box body, and the fixing groove is located below the ventilation window; A water distributor is arranged in the box body and connected to the water inlet; The nano-ceramic component includes a fixing shaft and a nano-ceramic membrane, and the fixing shaft fixes the nano-ceramic membrane on the fixing groove; The nano-ceramic membrane is circular with a diameter of 97 cm, and the nano-ceramic membrane is fixed on the fixing shaft by nylon material; The nano-ceramic membrane is a nano-ceramic membrane with iron sulfide loaded on its surface, and the specific surface area of the nano-ceramic membrane > 4000 m 2 / m 3 , and the tear strength of the nano-ceramic membrane is ≥ 9 N in the warp direction and ≥ 6.7 N in the weft direction; The way of loading iron sulfide on the surface of the nano-ceramic membrane is: loading iron sulfide on the surface of the nano-ceramic membrane by laser cladding, and the proportion of iron sulfide sprayed on the surface of the nano-ceramic thin film is 5-10%; The laser spraying speed is 1-10 mm / s, the input power of the laser is 1-2 kW, the spot diameter of the laser is 4-8 mm, and the overlapping rate is 20-60%.

2. The bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box body is made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm, and the box body is a cylinder with an inner diameter of 1 m and a height of 1.5 m.

3. The bioreactor according to claim 1, wherein: There are multiple fixing grooves, and the fixing grooves are groove-shaped structures made of stainless steel with a thickness of 2 mm. The multiple fixing grooves are respectively welded at the symmetric cross positions inside the box body, and the fixing grooves are spaced from top to bottom inside the box body to form corresponding groups.

4. The bioreactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two ventilation windows are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts of the box body for convective heat exchange of air inside the box body.

5. The bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water distributor adopts a central pipe with an inlet pipe diameter of 60 mm, and two water outlets are symmetrically arranged on the left and right of the water distributor.

6. The bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing shaft is a cross fixing shaft, and the fixing shaft is welded and made of stainless steel bars with a diameter of 1 cm, and the length of the fixing shaft is 99 cm.

7. The bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the nano-ceramic membrane includes the following steps: Step 1: Using the precipitation method, uniformly mix aluminum chloride solution, precipitant and surfactant to form nano-aluminum oxide particles under the condition that the precipitation temperature range is 40-50 °C; Step 2: The nano-aluminum oxide particles are calcined, pulverized and pressed to form a nano-ceramic membrane; Among them, in step 1, the concentration of the aluminum chloride solution is 0.4 M, the precipitant is sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, and the surfactant is polyethylene glycol 600 or polyethylene glycol 1500; In step 2, the calcination temperature range is 400-500 °C, the pulverization method is ultrasonic pulverization, and the pressing method is plate pressing into a film.

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