A top-down construction device and method for a steel pipe column

Abstract

The application discloses a top-down construction device for a steel pipe column, which comprises a horizontal positioning plate, a steel casing pressure head, a vertical protection head, a rack, a steel casing and a steel pipe column. The horizontal positioning plate is arranged on the rack, and a plurality of sets of the steel casing pressure head and the vertical protection head are arranged on the horizontal positioning plate. The steel pipe column can be introduced into the steel casing. The steel casing pressure head is arranged at the circumference of the steel casing and is used for pulling out and introducing the steel casing. The vertical protection head is arranged at the circumference of the steel pipe column and can be close to or away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column. When the vertical protection head is close to the steel pipe column, the vertical protection head can abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column. The device can obtain a stable steel pipe column and can avoid the inclination and deformation of the steel pipe column during the pulling-out process of the steel casing, so that the verticality of the finally formed steel pipe column is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and more specifically to a construction device and method for steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of urban subway stations, road traffic cannot be interrupted for a long time due to factors such as traffic, personnel, and buildings. Therefore, the cut-and-cover method is generally used for construction of subway stations. The cut-and-cover method involves constructing a subway station foundation pit and quickly constructing a cover plate at the pit opening. After the cover plate is completed, traffic above the cover plate can be restored in a short time. Then, the soil foundation excavation and main foundation construction of each layer of the subway station are carried out below the cover plate.

[0003] In practical applications, the cut-and-cover method is generally divided into two types of construction methods: the cut-and-cover reverse construction method and the cut-and-cover forward construction method. The main difference between the two construction methods is the difference in the construction sequence of the foundation pit excavation and the main building. The cut-and-cover reverse construction method involves excavating downwards from the ground to a certain depth, then sealing the top, and the remaining lower works are constructed under the sealed top slab. That is, the main structure is excavated and constructed layer by layer from top to bottom until the bottom slab is reached.

[0004] In the cut-and-cover construction method, steel pipe columns serve as the main load-bearing structural components of the cut-and-cover structure. They can withstand vertical loads during both the construction and service phases, placing extremely high demands on the installation accuracy and verticality control of steel pipe columns. This is especially true in large-scale integrated transportation hub projects, where large-diameter and ultra-long steel pipe concrete columns are typically used. Therefore, in subway station construction, the construction of steel pipe columns is of paramount importance for the overall safety of the main structure and the safety of the construction operations. In actual steel pipe column construction, drilling operations are carried out using drilling equipment, and the borehole is supported by a steel casing. The borehole is then cleaned, and anti-uplift pile concrete is poured at the bottom of the hole. The steel pipe column is then inserted into the steel casing using hoisting equipment to ensure that the steel pipe column abuts against the concrete platform at the bottom of the borehole. Subsequently, a reinforcing cage is hoisted into the steel pipe column, and concrete is poured. After the concrete has solidified, the steel casing is hoisted out of the borehole using pipe-pulling equipment, thus forming the final steel pipe column.

[0005] In the aforementioned construction method, the vertical accuracy of the steel pipe column is crucial during the actual drilling process. Existing technology typically uses an ultrasonic testing device inside the steel pipe column to collect verticality data, which can then be used to adjust the column's verticality. However, in practice, ultrasonic verticality testing is usually performed when the steel pipe column is inserted into the steel casing. When the reinforcing cage is hoisted, the ultrasonic testing device needs to be removed, making verticality testing impossible. Furthermore, after concrete is poured into the steel pipe column, a gap exists between the formed steel pipe column and the borehole after the steel casing is pulled out, posing a risk of incomplete compaction. During the removal of the steel casing, collisions with the steel pipe column can easily occur, causing a risk of tilting. This tilt cannot be adjusted after the concrete has been poured, posing a significant hazard to the entire steel pipe column construction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method. This device can obtain a stable steel pipe column and avoid tilting and deformation of the steel pipe column during the extraction of the steel casing, thus ensuring the verticality of the final formed steel pipe column.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a steel pipe column construction device for cut-and-cover reverse construction, including a horizontal positioning plate, a steel casing pressure head, a vertical protection head, a frame, a steel casing, and a steel pipe column; the frame is provided with a horizontal positioning plate, and multiple sets of steel casing pressure heads and vertical protection heads are provided on the horizontal positioning plate; the steel pipe column is guided into the steel casing, the steel casing pressure head is set at the circumference of the steel casing, and the steel casing pressure head performs the extraction and guidance operation of the steel casing; the vertical protection head is set at the circumference of the steel pipe column, and the vertical protection head can be close to or away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column, and when it is close to the steel pipe column, it can abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column.

[0008] In the above structure, the vertical protection head includes a vertical protection roller, a roller frame, a vertical track, and a horizontal track; the roller frame is equipped with a vertical protection roller, and the roller frame can slide on the vertical track; the roller frame is connected to the vertical track, and the bottom of the vertical track is connected to the horizontal track; the vertical track is perpendicular to the horizontal positioning plate, and under the action of the vertical track, the roller frame slides along the length of the vertical track; the side of the vertical protection roller that contacts the outer wall of the steel pipe column is provided with an arc-shaped notch, and a verticality protection ball is provided inside the arc-shaped notch, which achieves contact or separation with the outer wall of the steel pipe column.

[0009] In the above structure, the steel casing pressure head includes an arc-shaped connecting plate, a driving block, a clamping cylinder, and a extraction cylinder; the arc-shaped connecting plate is provided near the outer wall of the steel casing, and multiple sets of arc-shaped connecting plates are arranged at intervals along the length of the steel casing pressure head; a driving block is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate, and a driving inclined surface is provided on the driving block, while a connecting inclined surface is provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate; the driving block moves vertically and causes the driving inclined surface to abut against the connecting inclined surface; a clamping cylinder is provided on the steel casing pressure head, and the output end of the clamping cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the driving block; the extraction cylinder is used to drive the steel casing pressure head to reciprocate vertically.

[0010] In the above structure, an adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the steel pipe column; both ends of the steel pipe column are tapered, and multiple sets of anchor rods are provided along the length of the steel pipe column. The anchor rods are arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe column, and one end of the anchor rod is hinged to the outer wall of the steel pipe column. The multiple sets of anchor rods are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism drives the multiple sets of anchor rods to be hinged; grouting holes are provided on the pipe wall of the steel pipe column, and multiple sets of grouting holes are arranged along the circumferential and length directions of the steel pipe column. Grouting pipes are installed in the grouting holes.

[0011] In the above structure, a receiving groove is provided on the outer wall of the steel pipe column along its length. One end of the anchor rod is hinged to the bottom of the receiving groove, and the other end of the anchor rod extends towards the upper end of the steel pipe column.

[0012] In the above structure, the adjustment mechanism includes a toggle rod disposed in the receiving groove. The toggle rod is arranged along the width direction of the receiving groove and is located on both sides of the anchor rod. Both ends of the toggle rod are connected to the toggle slider. The upper end of the steel pipe column is provided with a toggle slider arranged along the length direction of the receiving groove, and one end of the slider is abutting or separating from the floating ring.

[0013] In the above structure, the upper end of the steel pipe column is provided with a constricting pipe, and a floating ring is provided on the constricting pipe; the constricting pipe is connected to the upper end of the steel pipe column by a conical ring; the lower end of the floating ring is provided with a driving inclined surface, and one end of the conical inclined surface of the sliding block extending out of the conical ring is provided with a resisting inclined surface. The driving inclined surface and the resisting inclined surface form a resisting or separating engagement, and the driving inclined surface also forms a resisting or separating engagement with the conical inclined surface of the conical ring; a spring plate is also provided at one end of the sliding block extending out of the conical inclined surface of the conical ring, and the other end of the spring plate is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove.

[0014] In the above structure, an auxiliary sleeve is fitted on the constriction pipe, and the lower end of the auxiliary sleeve abuts against the upper end of the floating ring; an avoidance groove is provided on the inner wall of the steel pipe column body, the avoidance groove is arranged along the length direction of the steel pipe column, and the grouting pipe is arranged along the length direction of the avoidance groove and its upper end extends out of the opening of the auxiliary sleeve.

[0015] The lower end of the steel pipe column is equipped with a positioning cover, which is fixed to the concrete pile platform.

[0016] In the above structure, a rotating unit is provided on the frame, which is used to drive the horizontal positioning plate to rotate.

[0017] In the above structure, a horizontal guide slide rod and a horizontal synchronous screw are provided on the vertical track, and synchronous nuts are respectively provided on the vertical tracks on both sides of the steel pipe column; the horizontal synchronous screw cooperates with the synchronous nuts on the vertical track, the horizontal guide slide rod and the horizontal synchronous screw are arranged horizontally and parallel to the vertical track, and the thread directions of the horizontal synchronous screw and the synchronous nuts on the vertical track are opposite; one end of the horizontal synchronous screw is connected to the drive motor.

[0018] This solution also provides a method for constructing steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method, which includes the following steps:

[0019] S10: Clean and tidy the construction base surface, locate the foundation pit, excavate the working trench, and construct the underground continuous wall;

[0020] S20: Construct the steel pipe column; determine the position of the steel pipe column, install the horizontal positioning plate above the drill hole, and adjust the horizontality and verticality of the horizontal positioning plate to maintain the verticality of the head;

[0021] S30: The steel casing is hoisted into the steel casing pressure head, and the steel casing is vertically pressed into the borehole by the steel casing pressure head to realize the installation of the steel casing;

[0022] S40: Clean the sludge and water inside the steel casing, then construct the concrete pile platform at the bottom of the drilled hole. After the concrete pile platform has solidified, insert the steel pipe column into the steel casing, activate the verticality keeping head to abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column, and maintain the verticality of the steel pipe column.

[0023] S50: Hoist the auxiliary sleeve into the steel casing, so that the lower end of the auxiliary sleeve abuts against the upper end of the floating ring, so that multiple sets of anchor bolts protrude from the outer wall of the steel pipe column;

[0024] S60: Hoist the steel cage into the steel pipe column and pour concrete into the auxiliary sleeve;

[0025] S70: When the concrete inside the steel pipe column has initially set, start the steel casing pressure head to pull out the upper end of the steel casing, so that the steel casing is gradually pulled out of the borehole; at the same time as the casing pulling operation, start the ultra-fine concrete grouting equipment to inject fine concrete slurry into the grouting pipe, so that the fine concrete slurry fills the gaps on the outer wall and inside the steel pipe column; at the same time as the grouting operation, start the rotating unit to drive the horizontal positioning plate to rotate, so that the steel pipe column body generates a circumferential reciprocating rotation of 10° to 15° until the steel casing is pulled out.

[0026] S80: After the steel casing is pulled out, the concrete inside and outside the steel pipe column is completely solidified and cured; the equipment at the top of the borehole is removed, the auxiliary pipe is pulled out, and a reliable steel pipe column is formed.

[0027] S90: After all the steel pipe columns have been formed, the foundation pit is excavated, a temporary support wall is poured at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the top slab is constructed.

[0028] S100: Restore the road above the top slab and construct the first and second foundation layers below the top slab using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are: the device can obtain a stable steel pipe column and can avoid the tilting and deformation of the steel pipe column during the steel casing extraction process, thus ensuring the verticality of the final formed steel pipe column. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of a steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of two perspectives of the steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method of the present invention after removing the horizontal positioning plate and adjusting the frame.

[0032] Figure 4 and Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steel casing pressure head from two perspectives in a steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the steel casing pressure head in a steel pipe column construction device for the top-down cut-and-cover method of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sag retention head in a steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a front view of the steel pipe column construction device used in conjunction with the steel casing and steel pipe column in the cut-and-cover reverse construction method.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a front view of the steel pipe column in the cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the steel pipe column structure from two perspectives in a cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 12 and Figure 13This is a schematic diagram of the middle section of the steel pipe column in the cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column construction device of the present invention from two perspectives.

[0039] Figure 14 and Figure 15 These are schematic diagrams of the upper structure of the steel pipe column in a cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column device of the present invention from two perspectives.

[0040] Figure 16 This is a front view of the upper structure of the steel pipe column in the cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column device of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 17 and Figure 18 These are schematic diagrams of the lower end structure of the steel pipe column in a cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column construction device of the present invention from two different perspectives. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept, specific structure, and technical effects of the present invention in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features, and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention. Furthermore, all connections / linkages involved in the patent do not simply refer to direct contact between components, but rather to the ability to form a better connection structure by adding or reducing connecting accessories according to specific implementation conditions. The various technical features in this invention can be combined interactively without contradicting each other.

[0044] Reference Figures 1 to 18This invention discloses a construction device for steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method. Specifically, the device includes a horizontal positioning plate 100, a steel casing pressure head 200, a vertical protection head 300, a frame 400, and a steel pipe column 500. The horizontal positioning plate 100 is mounted on the frame 400, and the frame 400 is rotatably connected to the horizontal positioning plate 100. A rotating unit is provided on the frame 400 to drive the horizontal positioning plate 100 to rotate. The steel casing pressure head 200 and the vertical protection head 300 are mounted on the horizontal positioning plate 100. The steel casing pressure head 200 is located around the circumference of the steel casing and serves to guide and fix the steel casing during insertion and removal. The vertical protection head 300 is located around the circumference of the steel pipe column 500 and can be close to or away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. When close to the steel pipe column 500, it can abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. Multiple sets of steel casing pressure heads 200 and vertical protection heads 300 are provided, and they are arranged symmetrically, that is, steel casing pressure heads 200 are arranged opposite each other, and vertical protection heads 300 are also arranged opposite each other. By adjusting the frame 400, the levelness of the horizontal positioning plate 100 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the verticality of the steel casing pressure heads 200 and vertical protection heads 300.

[0045] During actual construction of the steel pipe column 500, the horizontal positioning plate 100 is first placed on the base surface of the borehole, and the horizontality of the horizontal positioning plate 100 is adjusted. Then, the steel casing is guided into the borehole through the steel casing pressure head 200 to ensure the verticality of the steel casing throughout the process. Next, the steel pipe column 500 is vertically hoisted between the verticality keeping head 300 using hoisting equipment, and the steel pipe column 500 is guided into the steel casing below. The verticality keeping head 300 is used to support the steel pipe column 500, thereby ensuring the verticality of the steel pipe column 500. After ensuring the verticality of the steel casing and steel pipe column 500, a reinforcing cage is hoisted into the steel pipe column 500 and concrete is poured until a stable steel pipe column 500 is formed. Then, the steel casing is pulled out using the steel casing pressure head 200, while the verticality maintaining head 300 supports the steel pipe column 500 to prevent tilting or deformation during the extraction process, ensuring the verticality of the final formed steel pipe column 500 and ensuring construction safety. When the steel casing is pulled out, the frame 400 drives the horizontal positioning plate 100 to rotate, allowing concrete to be poured into the steel pipe column 500. The concrete poured into the steel pipe column 500 enters the gaps in the borehole, filling the gaps.

[0046] The vertical protection head 300 includes a vertical protection roller 310, a roller frame 320, a vertical track 330, and a horizontal track 340. The vertical protection roller 310 is mounted on the roller frame 320, which can slide on the vertical track 330. The roller frame 320 is connected to the vertical track 330, and the bottom end of the vertical track 330 is connected to the horizontal track 340. The vertical track 330 is perpendicular to the horizontal positioning plate 100. Under the action of the vertical track 330, the roller frame 320 can slide along the length of the vertical track 330. The horizontal track 340 is horizontally mounted on the horizontal positioning plate 100. Because the bottom end of the vertical track 330 is connected to the horizontal track 340, the vertical track 330 can slide horizontally under the action of the horizontal track 340.

[0047] A notch 311 is provided on the side of the vertical guard roller 310 that contacts the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. This notch is arc-shaped, and a verticality protection ball 312 is provided inside the arc-shaped notch. The verticality protection ball 312 is used to achieve abutment or separation from the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. With the support of the verticality protection ball 312, a rolling fit can be formed between the vertical guard roller 310 and the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500, which can facilitate the extraction of the steel casing. When simultaneously abutting or moving away from the steel pipe column 500, the verticality protection rollers 310 located on both sides of the steel pipe column 500 are all set on their respective roller frames 320. The roller frames 320 are set on the vertical rails 330, and the bottom end of the vertical rails 330 is slidably set on the horizontal rails 340. The bottom of the vertical track 330 is equipped with a horizontal guide slide rod 331 and a horizontal synchronous screw 332. Synchronous nuts 333 are respectively installed on the vertical tracks 330 on both sides of the steel pipe column 500. The horizontal synchronous screw 332 engages with the synchronous nuts 333 on the vertical tracks 330. The threads of the horizontal synchronous screw 332 and the synchronous nuts 333 on both sides of the vertical tracks 330 are in opposite directions. A drive motor 334 is installed at one end of the horizontal synchronous screw 332. Because the height of the steel casing at the borehole opening is lower than the height of the steel pipe column 500, when the steel pipe column 500 is brought into contact with the steel pipe column 500, the drive motor 334 is started, causing the horizontal synchronous screw 332 to rotate. This allows the vertical track 330 to move synchronously towards or away from each other. When moving towards each other, the verticality maintaining balls 312 on the vertical holding roller 310 abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500 to ensure the verticality of the steel pipe column 500. When the steel casing pressure head 200 pulls out the steel casing, the roller frames 320 of the multiple sets of vertical holding rollers 310 can slide along the vertical track 330, so that the vertical holding rollers 310 abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500 and move vertically upward, ensuring that the verticality of the steel pipe column 500 is maintained by the vertical holding rollers 310 during the steel casing pulling out process.

[0048] The steel casing pressure head 200 includes an arc-shaped connecting plate 210, a driving block 220, a clamping cylinder 230, and a pulling cylinder 240. The arc-shaped connecting plate 210 is positioned near the outer wall of the steel casing, and multiple sets of arc-shaped connecting plates 210 are spaced apart along the length of the pressure head 200. A driving block 220 is located on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate 210, and a driving inclined surface 221 is provided on the driving block 220. A connecting inclined surface 211 is also provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate 210. The driving block 220 moves vertically, causing the driving inclined surface 221 to abut against the connecting inclined surface 211. When the steel casing pressure head 200 clamps or releases from the outer wall of the steel casing, the driving block 220 slides against the pressure head 200 via a sliding rod. A clamping cylinder 230 is installed on the steel casing pressure head 200, and the output end of the clamping cylinder 230 is connected to the bottom end of the drive block 220. During the extraction of the steel casing, the rotating unit on the frame 400 is activated to rotate the horizontal positioning plate 100 and the steel casing pressure head 200, thereby achieving the rotational extraction of the steel casing and ensuring the reliability of the extraction. Specifically, during the actual guiding and extraction of the steel casing, the steel casing pressure head 200 is set on the horizontal positioning plate 100 and is connected to the extraction cylinder 240, which can drive the steel casing pressure head 200 to reciprocate vertically. The activation of the extraction cylinder 240, in conjunction with the clamping cylinder 230, clamps the steel casing, causing the steel casing pressure head 200 to rise and fall vertically, thereby achieving the guiding or extraction of the steel casing. The rotating unit includes a rotating gear ring 110 disposed on the lower surface of the horizontal positioning plate 100. The rotating gear ring 110 meshes with a rotating rack 120. The rotating rack 120 is horizontal and one end is connected to the piston rod of the rotating cylinder 130. Under the action of the rotating unit, the lower surface of the horizontal positioning plate 100 is rotatably disposed on the frame 400 through bearings.

[0049] The steel pipe column 500 has tapered ends. Multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are installed along the length of the steel pipe column 500. The multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe column 500. One end of the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 is hinged to the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. The multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism. The adjustment mechanism drives the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 to be hinged, so that the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are in two states: one is that the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 protrude from the outer wall of the pipe column 500, and the other is that the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 extend into the inner cavity of the steel pipe column 500 with the rod body away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. When multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are required to work in conjunction with the sag-maintaining rollers 310 of the construction device, the adjustment mechanism drives the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 to hinge, causing them to protrude from the outer wall of the pipe column 500. This allows them to reliably extend into the sag-maintaining rollers 310 and into the steel casing, ensuring ease of construction. After the steel pipe column 500 extends into the steel casing, the adjustment mechanism drives the multiple sets of anchor rods 510 to hinge, with the rods extending into the inner cavity of the steel pipe column 500 and their bodies away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. After the steel casing is pulled out, the gap between the borehole and the steel pipe column 500 is filled with slack soil, effectively ensuring the reliability of the connection between the steel pipe column 500 and the borehole.

[0050] To fill the gap between the borehole and the steel pipe column 500 with retarding soil, grouting holes 530 are provided on the wall of the steel pipe column 500. Multiple sets of grouting holes 530 are arranged along the circumference and length of the steel pipe column 500. A grouting pipe 540 is installed inside each grouting hole 530, and the grouting pipe 540 connects to the grouting port of the grouting equipment by passing through the steel pipe column 500. After the steel pipe column 500 is hoisted into the steel casing, a reinforcing cage is hoisted into the steel pipe column 500. After concrete is poured and initially set, the steel casing is pulled out using the steel pipe column 500. Retarding soil is then filled into the gap between the borehole and the steel pipe column 500 through the grouting pipe 540 and grouting holes 530 using the grouting equipment. This ensures the reliability of the connection between the anchor bolt 510 and the borehole, thereby ensuring the overall construction reliability of the steel pipe column 500.

[0051] To facilitate the insertion of the steel pipe column 500 into the sag retaining roller 310 and ensure the verticality of the steel pipe column 500, a receiving groove 550 is provided along the length of the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500. Multiple sets of anchor rods 510 are spaced along the length of the receiving groove 550. The anchor rods 510 are generally L-shaped, with one end hinged to the bottom of the receiving groove 550 and the other end extending upwards towards the steel pipe column 500. This allows the steel pipe column 500 to smoothly pass through the sag retaining roller 310 and into the steel casing, ensuring its verticality.

[0052] The adjustment mechanism includes a lever 560 disposed within the receiving groove 550. The lever 560 is arranged along the width direction of the receiving groove 550 and positioned on both sides of the anchor rod 510. Both ends of the lever 560 are connected to a lever slider 561. The upper end of the steel pipe column 500 is provided with a lever slider 561, which is arranged along the length direction of the receiving groove 550 and has one end abutting or separating from the floating ring 570. The lever slider 561 slides along the length direction of the receiving groove 550, allowing the lever 560 on both sides of the anchor rod 510 to reciprocate, thereby causing the anchor rod 510 to hinge around the axis, resulting in the anchor rod 510 exhibiting the two states described above.

[0053] A constriction tube 580 is provided at the upper end of the steel pipe column 500, allowing the anchor rod 510 on the steel pipe column 500 to rotate around an axis. The constriction tube 580 is connected to the upper end of the steel pipe column 500 via a conical ring 581. A floating ring 570 is provided on the constriction tube 580, and a driving inclined surface 571 is provided at the lower end of the floating ring 570. A stop inclined surface 561 is provided at one end of the sliding block 561 extending from the conical inclined surface of the conical ring 581. The driving inclined surface 571 and the stop inclined surface 5611 are in a stop-and-go engagement, and the driving inclined surface 571 is also in a stop-and-go engagement with the conical inclined surface of the conical ring 581. A spring plate 582 is also provided at one end of the sliding block 561 extending from the conical inclined surface of the conical ring 581, and the other end of the spring plate 582 is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove 550. When the sliding block 561 is driven, the driving inclined surface 571 on the floating ring 570 abuts against the abutting inclined surface 561 on the sliding block 561, and compresses the spring plate 582, thereby actuating the anchor rod 510 on the steel pipe column 500, so that the anchor rod 510 protrudes from the outer wall of the pipe column body 500, thereby ensuring the reliability of the anchoring of the steel pipe column 500 and avoiding instability at the lower end.

[0054] During the construction of the steel pipe column 500, to ensure the verticality of the steel pipe column 500, an auxiliary sleeve 590 is fitted onto the converging pipe 580. The lower end of the auxiliary sleeve 590 abuts against the upper end of the floating ring 570. The auxiliary sleeve 590 extends beyond the upper end of the borehole, ensuring the verticality of the steel pipe column body 500. After construction is completed, the auxiliary sleeve can be disassembled, facilitating the layout of the entire system. An clearance groove 501 is provided on the inner wall of the steel pipe column 500 to facilitate the installation of the grouting pipe 540. The clearance groove 501 is arranged along the length of the steel pipe column 500, and the grouting pipe 540 is arranged along the length of the clearance groove 501 with its upper end extending beyond the opening of the auxiliary sleeve 590. A positioning cover 502 is provided at the lower converging end of the steel pipe column 500, which is fixed to the concrete pile platform, enabling rapid installation and positioning of the lower end of the steel pipe column 500.

[0055] This invention also provides a method for constructing steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method, which includes the following steps:

[0056] S10: Clean and tidy the construction base surface, locate the foundation pit, excavate the working trench, and construct the underground continuous wall;

[0057] S20: Construction of steel pipe columns; the position of the steel pipe columns is determined by positioning equipment, drilling is carried out by drilling equipment, the horizontal positioning plate 100 is installed above the drill hole, and the horizontal positioning plate 100 is adjusted to maintain the verticality of the head 300.

[0058] S30: The steel casing is hoisted into the steel casing pressure head 200 using hoisting equipment, and the steel casing is vertically pressed into the borehole by the steel casing pressure head 200 to realize the installation of the steel casing;

[0059] S40: The sludge and water inside the steel casing are cleaned by the hole cleaning equipment. Then, the concrete pile platform is constructed at the bottom of the drilled hole. After the concrete pile platform has solidified, the steel pipe column 500 is introduced into the steel casing by the hoisting equipment, and the verticality keeping head 300 is activated to abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column 500 to maintain the verticality of the steel pipe column 500.

[0060] S50: The auxiliary sleeve 590 is hoisted into the steel casing using hoisting equipment, and the lower end of the auxiliary sleeve 590 abuts against the upper end of the floating ring 570, so that multiple sets of anchor bolts 510 protrude from the outer wall of the pipe column 500.

[0061] S60: The steel cage is hoisted into the steel pipe column 500 by hoisting equipment, and concrete is poured into the auxiliary sleeve 590 by concrete pouring machine.

[0062] S70: When the concrete inside the steel pipe column 500 has initially set, start the steel casing pressure head 200 to pull out the upper end of the steel casing, so that the steel casing is gradually pulled out of the borehole; at the same time as the casing pulling operation, start the ultra-fine concrete grouting equipment to inject fine concrete slurry into the grouting pipe 540, so that the fine concrete slurry fills the gaps on the outer wall and the internal gaps of the steel pipe column 500; at the same time as the grouting operation, start the rotating unit to drive the horizontal positioning plate 100 to rotate, so that the steel pipe column 500 body generates a circumferential reciprocating rotation of 10° to 15° until the steel casing is pulled out.

[0063] S80: After the steel casing is pulled out, the concrete inside and outside the steel pipe column 500 is completely solidified and cured; the equipment at the top of the borehole is removed, the auxiliary pipe 590 is pulled out, and a reliable steel pipe column 500 is formed.

[0064] S90: After all 500 steel pipe columns have been formed, the foundation pit will be excavated, a temporary support wall will be poured at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the top slab will be constructed.

[0065] S100: Restore the road above the top slab and construct the first and second foundation layers below the top slab using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method.

[0066] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A construction device for steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method, characterized in that, Includes horizontal positioning plate, steel casing pressure head, vertical protection head, frame, steel casing, and steel pipe column; The frame is equipped with a horizontal positioning plate, which has multiple sets of steel casing pressure heads and vertical protection heads. The steel pipe column is guided into the steel casing. The steel casing pressure heads are located around the circumference of the steel casing and perform the extraction and insertion operations on the steel casing. The vertical protection heads are located around the circumference of the steel pipe column and can be close to or away from the outer wall of the steel pipe column. When close to the steel pipe column, the vertical protection heads can abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column. The steel casing pressure head includes an arc-shaped connecting plate, a driving block, a clamping cylinder, and a extraction cylinder. An arc-shaped connecting plate is positioned near the outer wall of the steel casing, and multiple sets of these plates are spaced apart along the length of the pressure head. A driving block is located on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate, and a driving inclined surface is provided on the driving block. A connecting inclined surface is also provided on the inner side of the arc-shaped connecting plate. The driving block moves vertically, causing the driving inclined surface to abut against the connecting inclined surface. A clamping cylinder is mounted on the steel casing pressure head, and its output end is connected to the bottom end of the driving block. The extraction cylinder drives the steel casing pressure head to reciprocate vertically.

2. The steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical protection head includes a vertical protection roller, a roller frame, a vertical track, and a horizontal track; The roller frame is equipped with a vertical protective roller, and the roller frame can slide on the vertical track; the roller frame is connected to the vertical track, and the bottom of the vertical track is connected to the horizontal track; the vertical track is perpendicular to the horizontal positioning plate, and under the action of the vertical track, the roller frame slides along the length of the vertical track; The vertical protective roller has an arc-shaped notch on the side that contacts the outer wall of the steel pipe column. A verticality protection ball is installed inside the arc-shaped notch, which is used to achieve contact or separation with the outer wall of the steel pipe column.

3. The steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that, An adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the steel pipe column; the two ends of the steel pipe column are tapered, and multiple sets of anchor rods are provided along the length of the steel pipe column. The anchor rods are arranged along the circumferential direction of the steel pipe column, and one end of the anchor rod is hinged to the outer wall of the steel pipe column. The multiple sets of anchor rods are respectively connected to the adjustment mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism drives the multiple sets of anchor rods to be hinged. The steel pipe column has grouting holes on its wall. Multiple sets of grouting holes are arranged along the circumference and length of the steel pipe column, and grouting pipes are installed in the grouting holes.

4. The steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the steel pipe column is provided with a receiving groove along its length. One end of the anchor rod is hinged to the bottom of the receiving groove, and the other end of the anchor rod extends towards the upper end of the steel pipe column.

5. A steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a toggle rod and a toggle slider disposed within a receiving groove. The toggle rod is arranged along the width of the receiving groove and positioned on both sides of the anchor rod, with both ends of the toggle rod connected to the toggle slider. The upper end of the steel pipe column is provided with a constricting pipe, and a floating ring is provided on the constricting pipe; the actuating slider provided at the upper end of the steel pipe column is arranged along the length of the receiving groove, and one end of the slider abuts or separates from the floating ring; the constricting pipe is connected to the upper end of the steel pipe column by a conical ring; the lower end of the floating ring is provided with a driving inclined surface, and one end of the actuating slider extending out of the conical inclined surface of the conical ring is provided with a resisting inclined surface, the driving inclined surface and the resisting inclined surface are in abutting or separating engagement, and the driving inclined surface is also in abutting or separating engagement with the conical inclined surface of the conical ring; a spring plate is also provided at one end of the actuating slider extending out of the conical inclined surface of the conical ring, and the other end of the spring plate is connected to the bottom of the receiving groove.

6. A steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, An auxiliary sleeve is fitted onto the constricting tube, and the lower end of the auxiliary sleeve abuts against the upper end of the floating ring. The inner wall of the steel pipe column body is provided with a clearance groove, which is arranged along the length of the steel pipe column. The grouting pipe is arranged along the length of the clearance groove and its upper end extends out of the pipe opening of the auxiliary sleeve. The lower end of the steel pipe column is equipped with a positioning cover, which is fixed to the concrete pile platform; a rotating unit is provided on the frame, which is used to drive the horizontal positioning plate to rotate.

7. A steel pipe column construction device for the cut-and-cover reverse construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A horizontal guide slide rod and a horizontal synchronous screw are provided on the vertical track, and synchronous nuts are respectively provided on the vertical tracks on both sides of the steel pipe column; the horizontal synchronous screw cooperates with the synchronous nuts on the vertical track, the horizontal guide slide rod and the horizontal synchronous screw are arranged horizontally and parallel to the vertical track, and the thread direction of the horizontal synchronous screw and the synchronous nuts on the vertical track are opposite; one end of the horizontal synchronous screw is connected to the drive motor.

8. A method for constructing steel pipe columns using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method, wherein the method is applied to the cut-and-cover reverse construction steel pipe column construction device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cut-and-cover reverse construction method for steel pipe columns includes the following steps: S10: Clean and tidy the construction base surface, locate the foundation pit, excavate the working trench, and construct the underground continuous wall; S20: Construct the steel pipe column; determine the position of the steel pipe column, install the horizontal positioning plate above the borehole, and adjust the horizontality of the horizontal positioning plate and the verticality of the vertical protection head. S30: The steel casing is hoisted into the steel casing pressure head, and the steel casing is vertically pressed into the borehole by the steel casing pressure head to realize the installation of the steel casing; S40: Clean the sludge and water inside the steel casing, then construct the concrete pile platform at the bottom of the drilled hole. After the concrete pile platform has solidified, insert the steel pipe column into the steel casing, activate the vertical protection head to abut against the outer wall of the steel pipe column, and maintain the verticality of the steel pipe column. S50: Hoist the auxiliary sleeve into the steel casing, so that the lower end of the auxiliary sleeve abuts against the upper end of the floating ring, so that multiple sets of anchor bolts protrude from the outer wall of the steel pipe column; S60: Hoist the steel cage into the steel pipe column and pour concrete into the auxiliary sleeve; S70: When the concrete inside the steel pipe column has initially set, start the steel casing pressure head to pull out the upper end of the steel casing, so that the steel casing is gradually pulled out of the borehole; at the same time as the casing pulling operation, start the ultra-fine concrete grouting equipment to inject fine concrete slurry into the grouting pipe, so that the fine concrete slurry fills the gaps on the outer wall and inside the steel pipe column; at the same time as the grouting operation, start the rotating unit to drive the horizontal positioning plate to rotate, so that the steel pipe column body generates a circumferential reciprocating rotation of 10° to 15° until the steel casing is pulled out. S80: After the steel casing is pulled out, the concrete inside and outside the steel pipe column is completely solidified and cured; the equipment at the top of the borehole is removed, the auxiliary casing is pulled out, and a reliable steel pipe column is formed. S90: After all the steel pipe columns have been formed, the foundation pit is excavated, a temporary support wall is poured at the bottom of the foundation pit, and the top slab is constructed. S100: Restore the road above the top slab and construct the first and second foundation layers below the top slab using the cut-and-cover reverse construction method.

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