Potato-soil separation device for potato harvester

Abstract

The present application relates to a potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester, comprising a frame, on which a first separating roller, a second separating roller, and a separating assembly are sequentially arranged from front to back. The separating assembly comprises a plurality of third separating rollers and a plurality of fourth separating rollers, the plurality of third separating rollers and the plurality of fourth separating rollers being arranged in an interlaced manner, the apex of the third separating roller being higher than the apex of the fourth separating roller, the height difference being within a range of 23-35 mm, the first separating roller, the second separating roller, and the third separating roller located at the front end of the separating assembly being arranged in an arc-shaped structure with decreasing heights in sequence. The present application has a high soil removal rate, a low potato damage rate, and an excellent potato-soil separation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of potato planting area in my country, the requirements for mechanized potato harvesting must also be improved. The biggest problem of mechanized harvesting is the incomplete separation of potatoes and soil, low separation efficiency under heavy soil, and soil adhering to potatoes that cannot be cleaned in time. In view of the serious problems of the current traditional potato harvester separation device, such as high potato damage rate, low soil removal rate, single separation device structure and inconvenient adjustment, and the inability to achieve a good balance between separation speed and potato damage rate, it is urgent to develop a new potato-soil separation device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester, which has a high soil removal rate, a low potato damage rate and a good potato-soil separation effect.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester, comprising a frame, on which a first separation roller, a second separation roller and a separation assembly are sequentially arranged from front to back, the separation assembly comprising a plurality of third separation rollers and a plurality of fourth separation rollers, the plurality of third separation rollers and the plurality of fourth separation rollers being arranged alternately, the height of the apex of the third separation roller being higher than the height of the apex of the fourth separation roller, and the height difference being within the range of 23-35 mm, the heights of the first separation roller, the second separation roller and the third separation roller located at the front end of the separation assembly being successively reduced and the three being arranged in an arc-shaped structure.

[0005] As a preferred solution, a cleaning roller is provided on the frame, the cleaning roller is located above the second separating roller, a plurality of brushes are provided on the cleaning roller, and a spherical protrusion is provided at the end of the brush.

[0006] As a preferred solution, a drive motor is provided on the frame, and the drive motor drives the first separation roller, the second separation roller, the third separation roller, the fourth separation roller, and the cleaning roller to rotate synchronously / simultaneously through a chain transmission.

[0007] As a preferred solution, the first separating roller and the third separating roller have the same structure and size, and the second separating roller and the fourth separating roller have the same structure and size.

[0008] As a preferred solution, the first separating roller has multiple soil removing wheels, and three first spiral blades are provided on the outer wall of the soil removing wheel. The three first spiral blades are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the soil removing wheel at different initial angles. The initial angles of the three first spiral blades are -10-10 degrees, 45-55 degrees, and 280-300 degrees, respectively, and the rotation direction of the first spiral blades is clockwise.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the second separating roller has multiple reverse wheels, and two second spiral blades are provided on the outer wall of the reverse wheel. The two second spiral blades are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the reverse wheel at different initial angles. The initial angles of the two second spiral blades are 0 degrees and 180 degrees respectively, and the rotation direction of the second spiral blades is counterclockwise.

[0010] As a preferred solution, both the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade are provided with 0.5 mm rounded corners.

[0011] As a preferred solution, the three first spiral blades are respectively a first spiral blade A, a first spiral blade B and a first spiral blade C, and the thicknesses of the first spiral blade A, the first spiral blade B and the first spiral blade C increase in sequence.

[0012] As a preferred solution, the thickness of the first spiral blade A is 2.5-3.2 mm, the thickness of the first spiral blade B is 4.7-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the first spiral blade C is 6.8-7.3 mm.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the center line of the first separation roller, the second separation roller and the third separation roller located at the front end of the separation component forms a first arc, with the concave surface of the first arc facing downward, and the center line of the first separation roller and the third separation roller at the front end of the separation component is tangent to the second separation roller to form a second arc, with the concave surface of the second arc facing upward.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The present application sets a first separation roller, a second separation roller, a third separation roller and a fourth separation roller, and the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade rotate in opposite directions. In conjunction with the brush on the cleaning roller, the soil adhering to the potato can be easily removed, and the potato vines can be effectively separated, and the potato-stone separation effect is good. The height difference between the third separation roller and the fourth separation roller can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the intensity of the potato-soil separation, which is simple, convenient and flexible.

[0015] 2. The present application uses two counterclockwise rotating second spiral blades working in conjunction with three clockwise rotating third spiral blades to greatly improve the separation of potatoes from soil, and can tear apart the potato vines to achieve the effect of separating the potato vines. In addition, the first and second spiral blades are both provided with 0.5mm rounded corners, which effectively avoids damage to the potatoes.

[0016] 3. The present application sets a spherical protrusion at the end of the brush. On the one hand, it prevents the end of the brush from damaging the potato flesh. On the other hand, the spherical protrusion makes the end of the brush heavier, which will have a slight impact on the potato during the rotation of the brush, which is conducive to the separation of the potato and soil.

[0017] 4. The third and fourth separation rollers of the present application have a height difference, which can improve the potato-soil separation effect on the one hand, and ensure that the potatoes can be transported backwards without local blockage on the other hand.

[0018] 5. The thickness of the first spiral blade A is relatively thin, which can have a crushing and cutting effect on the potato-soil mixture. The potato-soil is easier to separate under heavy soil conditions, and the thinner blade here can cut impurities such as seedlings and mulch, causing them to fall through the gap in the middle. The thickness of the first spiral blade C is between 6.8-7.3mm, so that there is friction between the potato and the blade. While wiping off the soil on the surface of the potato, it also ensures that it is not locally blocked and can be transported backward. The thickness of the middle first spiral blade B has increased to a certain extent, playing a connecting role, supplementing the function of the thinner first spiral blade A in front, basically removing impurities that may be mixed in the potato, and can also generate friction with the potato-soil mixture to transport it backward. The three spiral blades work together to remove impurities while ensuring that the potato is not damaged, forming a complete organic whole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a rear view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A top view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Middle MM cross-sectional view;

[0023] Figure 5 A bottom view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of some of the structures in .

[0025] Markings in the figure: 1. First separating roller, 2. Third separating roller, 3. Fourth separating roller, 4. Cleaning roller, 401. Brush, 402. Spherical protrusion, 5. Sprocket, 6. Frame, 7. Soil removing wheel, 701. First spiral blade, 702. Arc-shaped through groove, 8. Reverse wheel, 801. Second spiral blade, 9. Second separating roller, 10. First circular arc, 11. Second circular arc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more; the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "head", "tail", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] See also Figure 1-6 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester, including a frame 6, on which a first separating roller 1, a second separating roller 9 and a separating assembly are sequentially arranged from front to back, the separating assembly including a plurality of third separating rollers 2 and a plurality of fourth separating rollers 3, the plurality of third separating rollers 2 and the plurality of fourth separating rollers 3 are staggered with each other, and there is a gap between adjacent third separating rollers 2 and fourth separating rollers 3, the height of the vertex of the third separating roller 2 is higher than the height of the vertex of the fourth separating roller 3, and the height difference is in the range of 23-35 mm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the height difference between the third separating roller 2 and the fourth separating roller 3 is The height of the third separating roller 2 is 30 mm, there are four third separating rollers 2, and there are four fourth separating rollers 3. A third separating roller 2 is provided between every two fourth separating rollers 3. The centers of the four third separating rollers 2 are located on the same straight line, and the centers of the four fourth separating rollers 3 are located on the same straight line. There is a height difference between the third separating roller 2 and the fourth separating roller 3. On the one hand, it can improve the potato-soil separation effect, and on the other hand, it can ensure that the potatoes can be transported backward and no blockage will occur in a local area. The heights of the first separating roller 1, the second separating roller 9 and the third separating roller 2 located at the front end of the separation component decrease successively and the three are arranged in an arc-shaped structure.

[0028] Among them, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, a cleaning roller 4 is provided on the frame 6, and the cleaning roller 4 is located above the second separating roller 9. A plurality of brushes 401 are provided on the cleaning roller 4, and a spherical protrusion 402 is provided at the end of the brush 401. On the one hand, it prevents the end of the brush 401 from damaging the potato flesh. On the other hand, the spherical protrusion 402 makes the end of the brush 401 heavier, and in the process of rotating with the brush 401, it will have a slight hitting effect on the potato, which is beneficial to the separation of the potato and soil. The cleaning roller 4 includes a rotating shaft, and both ends of the rotating shaft are respectively connected to the frame 6 for rotation. One end of the rotating shaft extends out of the frame 6 and a sprocket 5 is provided at the end. A plurality of brushes 401 are evenly distributed on the rotating shaft. The brush 401 is made of elastic rubber. By arranging the brush 401, the soil adhering to the surface of the potato can be removed, thereby improving the clear potato rate.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the center line of the first separating roller 1, the second separating roller 9 and the third separating roller 2 at the front end of the separating assembly forms a first arc 10, the concave surface of the first arc 10 is downward, and the radius of the first arc 10 is 575 mm. The center line of the first separating roller 1 and the third separating roller 2 at the front end of the separating assembly is tangent to the second separating roller 9 to form a second arc 11, the concave surface of the second arc 11 is upward, and the radius of the second arc 11 is 390 mm, so that the first separating roller 1, the second separating roller 9 and the third separating roller 2 at the front end of the separating assembly are connected. The upper end faces of the third separation roller 2 at the front end of the component form an arc surface. There is a certain height difference in the arc surface. The length of the brush 401 adapts to this arc surface, so that the potatoes fall more smoothly. It is also to adapt to the rotation characteristics of the brush 401. When the potatoes fall due to gravity, the brush 401 will rotate along the arc surface to brush off the sticky soil adhering to the potatoes. The existence of the height difference of the arc surface will separate some smaller stones, which is convenient for the subsequent potato-soil separation.

[0030] More specifically, a drive motor is provided on the frame 6, which drives the first separation roller 1, the second separation roller 9, the third separation roller 2, the fourth separation roller 3, and the cleaning roller 4 to rotate synchronously / simultaneously through a chain transmission. The first separation roller 1 and the third separation roller 2 have the same structure and size, and the second separation roller 9 and the fourth separation roller 3 have the same structure and size. The first separation roller 1, the second separation roller 9, the third separation roller 2, and the fourth separation roller 3 have the same rotation direction and are all clockwise, which is convenient for conveying potatoes to the rear end of the frame 6. The cleaning roller 4 has the same rotation direction as the second separation roller 9, which is convenient for removing soil adhering to the surface of the potatoes and improving the clear potato rate. The first separation roller 1, the second separation roller 9, and the separation assembly are all used for separating potatoes from soil and conveying potatoes to the rear end.

[0031] like Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the first separating roller 1 has a plurality of soil removing wheels 7, the first separating roller 1 has a first square shaft, and there are five soil removing wheels 7. It should be noted that the soil removing wheels 7 of the present application are not limited to five, and the number of soil removing wheels 7 can be reasonably adjusted according to the width of the frame 6. The first square shaft includes a first rectangular section located in the middle and first cylindrical sections located on both sides of the first rectangular section. The two first cylindrical sections are rotatably connected to the frame 6 respectively, and one of the first cylindrical sections extends out of the frame 6 and is provided with a sprocket 5 at the end. Five soil removing wheels 7 are provided on the first rectangular section, and a plurality of arcuate through grooves 702 are provided on the soil removing wheel 7. The arrangement of the arcuate through grooves 702 reduces the The outer wall of the soil removing wheel 7 is provided with three first spiral blades 701, and the three first spiral blades 701 are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the soil removing wheel 7 at different initial angles. The initial angles of the three first spiral blades 701 are -10-10 degrees, 45-55 degrees, and 280-300 degrees, respectively. The rotation direction of the first spiral blades 701 is clockwise. Specifically, the initial angles of the three first spiral blades 701 are 0 degrees, 50 degrees, and 290 degrees, respectively. The pitch of the three first spiral blades 701 is 140 mm, the diameter of the soil removing wheel 7 is 160 mm, the diameter of the spiral blade is 185 mm, and the soil removing wheel 7 is cylindrical.

[0032] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the second separation roller 9 has a plurality of reverse wheels 8, and the second separation roller 9 also has a second square shaft. There are five reverse wheels 8. The reverse wheels 8 of the present application are not limited to five. The number of reverse wheels 8 can be reasonably adjusted according to the width of the frame 6. The second square shaft includes a second rectangular segment in the middle and second cylindrical segments on both sides of the second rectangular segment. The two second cylindrical segments are respectively connected to the frame 6 for rotation. One of the second cylindrical segments extends out of the frame 6 and a sprocket 5 is provided at the end. The sprocket 5 on the first separation roller 1, the sprocket 5 on the cleaning roller 4, and the sprocket 5 on the second separation roller 9 are located on the same side. The reverse wheel 8 is cylindrical, and two second spiral blades 801 are provided on the outer wall of the reverse wheel 8. The two second spiral blades 801 are provided with Different initial angles are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the reverse wheel 8. The initial angles of the two second spiral blades 801 are 0 degrees and 180 degrees respectively. The diameter of the reverse wheel 8 is 60 mm. The pitch of the two second spiral blades 801 is 140 mm. The diameter of the second spiral blade 801 is 85 mm. The rotation direction of the second spiral blade 801 is counterclockwise. The first spiral blade 701 and the second spiral blade 801 are both provided with a 0.5 mm fillet, which effectively avoids damage to potatoes. The present application greatly improves the separation of potatoes and soil through the cooperation of two counterclockwise rotating second spiral blades 801 and three clockwise rotating third spiral blades 701, and can tear off the potato vines to achieve the effect of potato vine separation.

[0033] The present application sets a first separating roller 1, a second separating roller 9, a third separating roller 2 and a fourth separating roller 3, and the first spiral blade 701 and the second spiral blade 801 rotate in opposite directions. In conjunction with the brush 401 on the cleaning roller 4, the soil adhering to the potato can be easily removed, and the potato vines can be effectively separated, and the potato-stone separation effect is good. The height difference between the third separating roller 2 and the fourth separating roller 3 can be adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the intensity of the potato-soil separation, which is simple, convenient and flexible.

[0034] In addition, the present application can adjust the number of the third separation roller and the fourth separation roller according to actual conditions, and the width and length of the frame 6 can be freely adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0035] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Several other embodiments based on the design concept of the present invention are provided below.

[0036] For example, in other embodiments, different from the embodiments described above, the three first spiral blades 701 are respectively the first spiral blade A, the first spiral blade B and the first spiral blade C, and the thicknesses of the first spiral blade A, the first spiral blade B and the first spiral blade C increase successively, the thickness of the first spiral blade A is 2.5-3.2 mm, the thickness of the first spiral blade B is 4.7-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the first spiral blade C is 6.8-7.3 mm.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the thickness of the first spiral blade A is 3 mm, the thickness of the first spiral blade B is 5 mm, and the thickness of the first spiral blade C is 7 mm. The first spiral blade A is thinner and can have a crushing and cutting effect on the potato-soil mixture. Under heavy soil conditions, the potato-soil is more easily separated. The thinner blade here can cut impurities such as seedlings and mulch, causing them to fall through the gap in the middle. The thickness of the first spiral blade C is between 6.8 and 7.3 mm, so that there is friction between the potato and the blade, which not only wipes off the soil on the surface of the potato, but also ensures that it is not locally blocked and can be transported backward. The thickness of the middle first spiral blade B is increased to a certain extent, playing a connecting role, supplementing the function of the thinner first spiral blade A in front, basically removing impurities that may be mixed in the potato, and also generating friction with the potato-soil mixture to transport it backward. The three spiral blades 701 work together to remove impurities while ensuring that the potato is not damaged, forming a complete organic whole.

[0038] In addition, this embodiment also provides a potato harvester, including a potato harvester potato-soil separation device of any of the above embodiments. When the potato harvester is in use, it needs to be towed by a tractor. In this embodiment, the output shaft at the rear of the tractor can be used as a power source to drive the first separating roller 1, the second separating roller 9, the third separating roller 2, the fourth separating roller 3, and the cleaning roller 4 to rotate synchronously / simultaneously in a chain drive manner.

[0039] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (6), wherein a first separation roller (1), a second separation roller (9) and a separation assembly are sequentially arranged on the frame (6) from front to back, wherein the separation assembly comprises a plurality of third separation rollers (2) and a plurality of fourth separation rollers (3), wherein the plurality of third separation rollers (2) and the plurality of fourth separation rollers (3) are arranged in a staggered manner, wherein the height of the apex of the third separation roller (2) is higher than the height of the apex of the fourth separation roller (3), and the height difference is within the range of 23-35 mm, wherein the heights of the first separation roller (1), the second separation roller (9) and the third separation roller (2) located at the front end of the separation assembly decrease in sequence and the three are arranged in an arc-shaped structure; A cleaning roller (4) is provided on the frame (6), the cleaning roller (4) is located above the second separation roller (9), a plurality of brushes (401) are provided on the cleaning roller (4), and a spherical protrusion (402) is provided at the end of the brush (401); The center line of the first separation roller (1), the second separation roller (9) and the third separation roller (2) at the front end of the separation component forms a first arc (10), the concave surface of the first arc (10) faces downward, the center line of the first separation roller (1) and the third separation roller (2) at the front end of the separation component is tangent to the second separation roller (9) to form a second arc (11), the concave surface of the second arc (11) faces upward, and the upper end surfaces of the first separation roller (1), the second separation roller (9) and the third separation roller (2) at the front end of the separation component form an arc surface. When the potatoes fall due to gravity, the brush (401) rotates along the arc surface to brush away the heavy soil adhering to the potatoes; The first separation roller (1) has a plurality of soil removing wheels (7), and three first spiral blades (701) are provided on the outer wall of the soil removing wheel (7). The three first spiral blades (701) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the soil removing wheel (7) at different initial angles. The three first spiral blades (701) are respectively a first spiral blade A, a first spiral blade B, and a first spiral blade C. The thicknesses of the first spiral blade A, the first spiral blade B, and the first spiral blade C increase in sequence.

2. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (6) is provided with a drive motor, which drives the first separation roller (1), the second separation roller (9), the third separation roller (2), the fourth separation roller (3), and the cleaning roller (4) to rotate synchronously / simultaneously through a chain transmission.

3. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first separating roller (1) and the third separating roller (2) have the same structure and size, and the second separating roller (9) and the fourth separating roller (3) have the same structure and size.

4. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The initial angles of the three first spiral blades (701) are respectively -10-10 degrees, 45-55 degrees, and 280-300 degrees, and the rotation direction of the first spiral blades (701) is clockwise.

5. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second separation roller (9) has a plurality of reverse wheels (8), and two second spiral blades (801) are provided on the outer wall of the reverse wheel (8). The two second spiral blades (801) are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the reverse wheel (8) at different initial angles. The initial angles of the two second spiral blades (801) are 0 degrees and 180 degrees, respectively, and the rotation direction of the second spiral blades (801) is counterclockwise.

6. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first spiral blade (701) and the second spiral blade (801) are both provided with a 0.5 mm fillet.

7. The potato-soil separation device for a potato harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the first spiral blade A is 2.5-3.2 mm, the thickness of the first spiral blade B is 4.7-5.5 mm, and the thickness of the first spiral blade C is 6.8-7.3 mm.

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