A green manure seed cleaner

Abstract

The application provides a green manure seed cleaning machine, which comprises a rack, a feeding device, a screening device and a discharging device arranged on the rack; the screening device comprises a screening driving device arranged on one side of the rack, the screening driving device drives an inclined rubber ball screening mechanism connected with a discharging port of a front air duct to vibrate up and down and left and right; the screening device further comprises a knocking hammer screening mechanism fixed above the rubber ball screening mechanism to knock the rubber ball screening mechanism and a lower screen arranged below the rubber ball screening mechanism; the screening driving device further drives a brush screening mechanism arranged below the lower screen to reciprocate to clean the lower screen; the screening device is designed to cooperate with the knocking hammer screening mechanism, the rubber ball screening mechanism, the lower screen and the brush screening mechanism, so that materials with different qualities and components are classified and cleaned, and then discharged from the outlets of the various residual material collecting devices and the seed falling pipe.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a green manure seed cleaning machine. BACKGROUND

[0002] Most green manure crops are harvested by traditional rice-wheat combine harvesters during the harvest period. The material obtained after combined harvesting mainly includes six components: grains, fruit pods, different lengths of stems, light debris, tiny grass seed particles, and a small amount of broken soil blocks. When the threshing effect is insufficient, a small amount of unthreshed fruit pods may also be mixed in the material.

[0003] In the prior art, two people are generally used to swing back and forth on a single layer of woven screen surface for initial cleaning, and then a simple wooden grain elevator is used for cleaning green manure seeds. However, the above cleaning method has high labor intensity and low work efficiency, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of China's green manure seed industry. In addition, due to the small difference in quality of each component of the green manure seed combined harvesting material, the adaptability of the grain elevator to the green manure seed combined harvesting material is poor, which easily causes the decrease of green manure seed cleanliness and the increase of total loss rate.

[0004] At present, the common grain separation and cleaning methods include wind screen cleaning and air flow cleaning. In recent years, domestic scholars have developed various separation and cleaning equipment for crops such as rapeseed, corn, sesame, and peanut, and have conducted performance test research. In the prior art, a rice-wheat combine harvester is usually used in combination with chemical spraying to harvest green manure seeds. However, due to the lack of research on special separation and cleaning structures and motion parameters for green manure seed combined harvesting materials, the green manure seed material harvested in the seed box of the combine harvester has complex component composition and small difference mixed characteristics, and the harvested green manure seeds need to be subjected to initial cleaning or fine selection according to subsequent use.

[0005] The document "Design and Test of Sesame Threshing Material Separation and Cleaning Machine" shows that in the air flow separation and cleaning process of combined harvesting material, the fruit pods, stems, and broken soil blocks with larger differences in each component of the material can be effectively separated from the grains, but the fruit pod shells and light debris with smaller differences in grain suspension speed are easily mixed with the grains. Controlling the cleaning air flow speed to adjust the separation and cleaning effect is likely to cause a larger grain entrainment loss rate. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and further improve the separation and cleaning effect and mechanized operation level of green manure seed combined harvesting materials. The present application provides a green manure seed cleaning machine. The present application is a "preliminary screening, then air flow cleaning" operation mode, which can realize the graded separation and cleaning of different components of green manure seed combined harvesting materials.

[0007] Technical solution: The green manure seed cleaning machine comprises a rack, a feeding device, a screening device and a discharging device arranged on the rack;

[0008] The feeding device comprises a feeding hopper, the discharge port of the feeding hopper is communicated with the front air duct, and the discharge port of the front air duct is connected with the screening device; under the action of airflow, the seeds and sundries enter the front air duct from the feeding hopper, and then enter the screening device through the discharge port of the front air duct;

[0009] The screening device 3 comprises a screening driving device 3-1 arranged on one side of the rack 1, the screening driving device 3-1 drives the rubber ball screening mechanism 3-3 arranged in an inclined manner and connected with the discharge port of the front air duct 2-2 to vibrate up and down and left and right, the screening device further comprises a knocking hammer screening mechanism 3-2 arranged above the rubber ball screening mechanism 3-3 and used for knocking the rubber ball screening mechanism 3-3, and a lower screen 3-5 arranged below the rubber ball screening mechanism 3-3; the screening driving device 3-1 further drives the brush cleaning screening mechanism 3-4 arranged below the lower screen 3-5 to reciprocate for cleaning the lower screen 3-5; the lower end of the brush cleaning screening mechanism 3-4 is provided with a lower bottom plate 3-6 with high sides and a low middle part; the materials are cleaned and separated from top to bottom through the rubber ball screening mechanism, the lower screen and the lower bottom plate, the knocking hammer screening mechanism knocks the upper screen, the materials remaining in the screen holes are cleaned through vibration, and the brush cleaning screening mechanism cleans the lower screen through reciprocating motion to clean the materials remaining in the screen holes;

[0010] The discharging device comprises a first material collecting device arranged at the end of the rubber ball screening mechanism away from the feeding hopper, the first material collecting device is communicated with the first sundry removing groove; the second material collecting device is arranged on the lower bottom plate and communicated with the second sundry removing groove; the right side of the second sundry removing groove 4-4 is provided with a third sundry removing groove 4-7, the third sundry removing groove 4-7 is communicated with a third material collecting device 4-8; the discharging device further comprises a seed dropping pipeline communicated with the sundry collecting and dust removing device;

[0011] When the screening driving device is started, the sundry suction fan rotates to simultaneously perform air suction on the front air duct and the rear air duct; in addition, the screening driving device drives the rubber ball screening mechanism to vibrate up and down and left and right, so that the materials are screened and cleaned, the knocking hammer screening mechanism knocks the rubber ball screening mechanism, so that the rubber ball screening mechanism is further prevented from being blocked in the screen holes, and the brush cleaning screening mechanism cleans the lower screen, at this time, the materials with different components and weights are discharged from the outlets of the sundry collecting devices and the seed dropping pipeline after being classified and cleaned by the screening device.

[0012] Further, the feeding hopper comprises a hopper body, and the discharge port of the hopper body is provided with a feeding amount adjusting device.

[0013] Further, the rubber ball screen cleaning mechanism comprises a screen frame connected with the screening driving device, and an upper screen is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame, and a rubber ball screen cleaning plate is installed below the upper screen.

[0014] Further, the rubber ball screen cleaning plate comprises a material falling plate below the upper screen, and a group of rubber ball baffles are arranged between the material falling plate and the upper screen, the rubber ball baffles separate the space between the material falling plate and the upper screen into a plurality of nearly closed rubber ball impact ball grids, and a group of rubber balls with different sizes are arranged in the rubber ball impact ball grids; when the knocking hammer screen cleaning mechanism knocks the upper screen, the rubber balls with different sizes jump in the rubber ball impact ball grids.

[0015] Further, the knocking hammer screen cleaning mechanism comprises two mounting seats arranged on the two sides of the frame respectively, a knocking hammer connecting rod is arranged between the two mounting seats, an adjusting handle is arranged on the driving end of the knocking hammer connecting rod, a first knocking hammer is fixedly arranged on the middle part of the knocking hammer connecting rod, and a second knocking hammer is connected to the output end of the knocking hammer connecting rod through a four-bar mechanism; when the adjusting handle is rotated, the height between the knocking hammer and the rubber ball screen cleaning mechanism can be adjusted, so that the knocking strength of the knocking hammer is adjusted.

[0016] Further, the brush screen cleaning mechanism comprises a brush connecting rod connected with the screening driving device, a brush fixing frame is connected to the end of the brush connecting rod away from the screening driving device, a group of brushes are uniformly distributed on the upper side of the brush fixing frame in the vertical direction, and a group of sliding rollers are slidingly arranged on the lower side of the brush fixing frame; when the screening driving device drives the brush connecting rod to make reciprocating motion, the brush connecting rod drives the brush fixing frame to slide on the sliding rollers, so that the brush cleaning mechanism drives the brushes to clean the lower screen.

[0017] Further, the impurity collecting and dust removing device comprises a shell, a front impurity collecting device is arranged on the side of the shell close to the feeding hopper, the front impurity collecting device is arranged adjacent to the first discharge port, a suction impurity fan is arranged in the middle part of the shell, the suction impurity fan is driven to rotate by the screening driving device, intermediate deposition devices are arranged on the front and rear sides of the suction impurity fan, and the intermediate deposition devices are communicated with the first impurity discharge groove through pipelines; a rear impurity collecting device is arranged on the side of the shell away from the feeding hopper, the bottom of the rear impurity collecting device is located above the third collecting device, a rear suction air duct is connected to the tail part of the shell, the rear suction air duct is communicated with the seed dropping pipeline, and an air outlet pipeline is arranged on the upper part of the shell and extends outward.

[0018] Further, the rear suction air duct comprises an air duct body connected with the shell, the air duct body is provided with a suction air port on the side facing the suction impurity fan, the suction air port is provided with a lower screen seed outlet port that is connected with the upper surface of the lower screen above the suction air port, the air duct body is connected with a seed dropping pipeline on the side facing outward, and a seed dropping flow adjusting plate is slidingly arranged on the seed dropping port of the seed dropping pipeline.

[0019] Further, the screening driving device comprises a driving motor mounted on the frame, the output end of the driving motor is connected with a fan pulley and a driving wheel respectively, the fan pulley drives the suction fan to rotate, the driving wheel drives the screening device to vibrate up and down and left and right, the driving wheel is connected with a brush belt pulley through a transmission wheel, and the brush belt pulley drives the brush cleaning mechanism to reciprocate.

[0020] Further, the transmission wheel is connected with an eccentric vibration driving mechanism, flywheels are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the eccentric vibration driving mechanism, and through the cooperative work of the eccentric vibration driving mechanism and the flywheels on the two sides, the screening device can be damped.

[0021] Advantages: compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present application are:

[0022] (1) the present application is provided with a screening device, which comprises a knocking hammer cleaning mechanism, a rubber ball cleaning mechanism, a brush cleaning mechanism and a lower screen, and the mechanisms work cooperatively to realize the classification and cleaning of different quality and component materials;

[0023] (2) the present application is provided with a knocking hammer cleaning mechanism connected through a four-bar linkage mechanism, which realizes the stepless adjustment of the knocking angle of the knocking hammer on the rubber ball cleaning mechanism, so that the knocking strength of the knocking hammer can be steplessly adjusted, and the cleaning degree of different materials can be realized;

[0024] (3) the present application is provided with a rubber ball cleaning plate, different diameter rubber balls randomly and elastically collide in the rubber ball space and continuously impact the falling plate and the upper screen, and the materials retained in the screen holes are bounced out of the screen holes under the combined action of the rubber ball impact force, the forced vibration impact force of the falling plate, the gravity, the inertia force, the friction force and the interaction force between the seeds, so as to realize the cleaning;

[0025] (4) the present application is provided with a brush cleaning mechanism, which is driven by a crank mechanism to reciprocate and clean the lower screen, so as to further clean the materials left in the screen holes;

[0026] (5) the present application is provided with a dust collecting and removing device, when the device works, the materials flowing from the lower screen surface of the screening device first enter the suction duct, the good seeds screened from the materials are discharged from the seed falling pipe under the action of gravity, most of the lightest impurities in the materials are discharged to the dust removal bag through the air outlet pipe along with the airflow, the weak and worm-eaten seeds or short stems with a critical speed less than the airflow speed are sucked away by the airflow generated by the suction fan and brought into the rear residual material collecting device, the heavier impurities fall into the bottom of the rear residual material collecting device, and part of the light impurities enter the intermediate deposition chamber or the front residual material collecting device along with the airflow, and the impurities falling into the front residual material collecting device, the intermediate deposition device and the rear residual material collecting device can be discharged into the corresponding impurity discharge groove by moving the hinge door after a period of time;

[0027] (6) The eccentric vibration driving mechanism is designed, and through the cooperation of the eccentric vibration driving mechanism and the flywheel on the two sides, the screening device can be vibrated;

[0028] (7) The application can realize the separation and cleaning operation of different component materials of green manure seed combined harvesting, and through replacing the screen sheet and adjusting the air volume, the separation and cleaning operation of many green manure seeds such as purple soybean, vetch, February orchid and arrow-shaped pea can be realized, and the application has good popularization and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the feeding hopper in the application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the screening device in the application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the lower bottom plate in the application;

[0033] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the rubber ball screen cleaning mechanism in the application;

[0034] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a sectional view in A-A direction in the application;

[0035] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the knocking hammer screen cleaning mechanism in the application;

[0036] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the brush screen cleaning mechanism in the application;

[0037] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the impurity collecting and dust removing device in the application;

[0038] Figure 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the front impurity collecting device, the middle depositing device and the rear impurity collecting device in the application;

[0039] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the air volume adjusting device in the application;

[0040] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the seed material discharging in the application;

[0041] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the screening driving device in the application;

[0042] Figure 14 is a flow route of the air flow in the cleaning machine through the air inlet in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0044] Example 1: Combined harvesting of milkvetch materials

[0045] In this embodiment, the material being cleaned is a combined harvest of milkvetch.

[0046] like Figure 1 The green manure seed cleaning machine shown includes a frame 1 with wheels 6 at the bottom for easy movement. The frame is equipped with a feeding device 2, a screening device 3, and a discharging device 4. The feeding device 2 includes a feeding hopper 2-1, the discharge port of which is connected to a front suction duct 2-2. The discharge port 2-3 of the front suction duct 2-2 is connected to the screening device 3. Under airflow, seeds and impurities enter the front suction duct from the feeding hopper, are lifted through the front suction duct 2-2 to the discharge port, and then enter the screening device. The feeding hopper 2-1 includes a hopper body 2-1-1, and a feeding rate adjustment device 2-1-2 is installed at the discharge port of the hopper body 2-1-1. The discharge device 4 includes a first material collection device 4-1 located at the end of the rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism 3-3 away from the feeding hopper 2-1, and the first material collection device 4-1 is connected to the first waste discharge trough 4-2 through a pipe; a second material collection device 4-3 is provided on the lower screen 3-5, and the second material collection device 4-3 is connected to the second waste discharge trough 4-4; the discharge device also includes a seed drop pipe 4-5 connected to the waste collection and dust removal device 5;

[0047] like Figure 2 The feeding amount adjustment device shown includes a handle 2-1-2-1, which is connected to an adjustment plate 2-1-2-3 via a hopper connecting rod 2-1-2-2. The hopper connecting rod 2-1-2-2 is fixed to the hopper body 2-1-1 via a limiting slide groove 2-1-2-5. In addition, the adjustment plate 2-1-2-3 is perpendicular to the discharge plate 2-1-2-4. When the handle position is moved, the hopper connecting rod drives the adjustment plate to rise, thereby driving the discharge plate to rise, changing the size of the discharge port of the feeding hopper, and thus changing the feeding amount.

[0048] like Figure 3 The screening device 3 shown includes a screening drive device 3-1 located on one side of the frame 1. The screening drive device 3-1 drives an inclined rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3-3, which is connected to the discharge port of the front suction duct 2-2, to vibrate up, down, left, and right. The screening device also includes a hammer cleaning mechanism 3-2 fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3-3 to strike the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3-3, and a lower screen 3-5 located below the rubber ball cleaning mechanism 3-3. The screening drive device 3-1 also drives a brush cleaning mechanism 3-4 located below the lower screen 3-5 to perform a reciprocating motion.Figure 4 As shown, the lower part of the brush cleaning screen mechanism 3-4 is provided with a lower bottom plate 3-6 with high sides and low middle part. Due to the design of high sides and low middle part, a channel for removing impurities is formed at the low valley in the middle part, which is communicated with the second channel for removing impurities.

[0049] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 The rubber ball cleaning screen mechanism 3-3 includes a screen frame 3-3-1 connected with the screening driving device 3-1. An upper screen 3-3-2 is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame 3-3-1. A rubber ball cleaning screen plate is installed below the upper screen 3-3-2. The rubber ball cleaning screen plate includes a material falling plate 3-3-3 below the upper screen 3-3-2.

[0050] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 A group of rubber ball baffles 3-3-5 are placed between the material falling plate 3-3-3 and the upper screen 3-3-2. The rubber ball baffles 3-3-5 divide the space between the material falling plate 3-2-2 and the upper screen 3-3-2 into a plurality of nearly closed rubber ball impact ball cells. A group of rubber balls 3-3-4 with different sizes are placed in the rubber ball impact ball cells. When the knocking hammer cleaning screen mechanism 3-2 knocks the upper screen 3-3-2, the rubber balls with different sizes jump in the rubber ball impact ball cells. The rubber balls with different diameters are randomly placed in each ball cell. The number of rubber balls is 2-4. The upper screen is a long hole screen with a size of 36x1.5mm. The material of the rubber ball is nitrile rubber. The diameter D of the rubber ball is 8-24mm. The height H1 of the ball cell is 29mm. The distance L between the rubber ball baffles is 120mm. The height of the baffle is 18mm. The taper angle of the baffle is 95°. The material falling plate has a long hole with a size of 21x6mm. In order to prevent the rubber ball from falling off the screen frame when the rubber ball vibrates on the screen surface, the height H2 of the rubber ball cleaning screen device screen frame transverse baffle needs to meet the following conditions.

[0051] H2≥H1-0.7D min (1)

[0052] In the formula, D min is the diameter of the smallest rubber ball selected, mm; after calculation, H2 is designed as 24mm.

[0053] As shown in the figure, Figure 7As shown, the knocking hammer screen cleaning mechanism 3-2 includes mounting seats 3-2-1 on both sides of the frame 1, a knocking hammer connecting rod 3-2-2 is installed between the two mounting seats 3-2-1, an adjusting handle 3-2-4 is installed at the driving end of the knocking hammer connecting rod 3-2-2, a first knocking hammer 3-2-3 is fixedly installed at the middle of the knocking hammer connecting rod 3-2-2, and a second knocking hammer 3-2-6 is connected to the output end of the knocking hammer connecting rod 3-2-2 through a four-bar mechanism 3-2-5; the adjusting handle 3-2-4 is fixed on the frame, and when the screening device vibrates, the adjusting handle swings back and forth in the arc-shaped slot 3-2-7 through the bolt limiting. When the adjusting handle rotates, the height between the knocking hammer and the rubber ball screen cleaning mechanism can be adjusted, so that the knocking strength of the knocking hammer is adjusted.

[0054] As shown in the Figure 8 The brush screen cleaning mechanism 3-4 includes a brush connecting rod 3-4-1 connected with the screening driving device 3-1, a brush fixing frame 3-4-2 connected to the end of the brush connecting rod 3-4-1 away from the screening driving device 3-1, a group of brushes 3-4-3 evenly distributed in the vertical direction above the brush fixing frame 3-4-2, and a group of sliding rollers 3-4-4 slidingly installed below the brush fixing frame 3-4-2. The sliding rollers 3-4-4 are installed on the frame 1. The brush 3-4-3 includes a cleaning brush arranged upward, and the cleaning brush extends 0.5-1 cm into the lower screen hole. When the screening driving device drives the brush connecting rod to reciprocate, the brush connecting rod drives the brush fixing frame to slide on the sliding roller, thereby driving the brush to clean the lower screen.

[0055] As shown in the Figure 9 and Figure 10 The impurity collecting and dust removing device 5 includes a shell 5-1, a front impurity collecting device 5-2 installed on the side of the shell 5-1 close to the feeding hopper, the front impurity collecting device 5-2 being arranged adjacent to the first discharge port 2-3, a suction impurity fan 5-3 installed at the middle of the shell 5-1, the suction impurity fan 5-3 being driven to rotate by the screening driving device 3-1, intermediate deposition devices 5-4 arranged on the front and rear sides of the suction impurity fan 5-3, the intermediate deposition devices 5-4 being communicated with the large impurity discharge groove 4-2 through pipelines, a rear impurity collecting device 5-5 installed on the side of the shell 5-1 away from the feeding hopper, the rear impurity collecting device 5-5 being communicated with the insect-bored and immature seed discharge groove 4-7 through a pipeline, a rear suction air duct 5-6 connected to the tail of the shell 5-1, the rear suction air duct 5-6 being communicated with the seed falling pipeline 4-5, an air outlet pipeline 5-7 arranged on the outside of the upper part of the suction impurity fan 5-3 of the shell 5-1, and an observation mirror 5-8 arranged in the front-rear direction of the shell 5-1, facilitating observation of the working condition inside the impurity collecting and dust removing device. Air volume adjusting devices 5-9 are arranged between the suction impurity fan 5-3 and the front suction air duct 2-2, and between the suction impurity fan 5-3 and the rear suction air duct 5-6. Figure 11As shown, the air volume adjusting device 5-9 includes a baffle 5-9-1, which is fixedly connected with an adjusting rod 5-9-3 through a fixing clamp 5-9-2, and an angle pointer 5-9-4 is further arranged at the handle of the adjusting rod 5-9-3; the adjusting rod 5-9-3 is rotated to change the opening size of the baffle, thereby adjusting the air volume.

[0056] As shown in Figure 12 As shown, the rear air suction duct 5-6 includes an air duct body connected with the shell 5-1, which has an air suction port 5-6-1 on the side facing the suction fan 5-3; the air suction port 5-6-1 has a lower sieve seed outlet 5-6-2 above the lower sieve upper surface, and the air duct body is connected with a seed dropping pipeline 4-5 on the outer side, and the seed dropping pipeline 4-5 has a seed dropping flow adjusting plate 4-6 slidingly arranged on the seed dropping port.

[0057] As shown in Figure 13 As shown in the screen driving device 3-1, which is controlled by an external control box 7, includes a driving motor 3-1-1 installed on the frame 1, the output end of the driving motor 3-1-1 is respectively connected with a fan pulley 3-1-2 and a driving wheel 3-1-3, the fan pulley 3-1-2 drives the suction fan 5-3 to rotate, and the driving wheel 3-1-3 drives the screen device 3 to vibrate up and down and left and right, the driving wheel 3-1-3 is connected with a brush belt pulley 3-1-5 through a transmission wheel 3-1-4, and the brush belt pulley 3-1-5 drives the brush screen cleaning mechanism 3-4 to reciprocate. The transmission wheel 3-1-4 is connected with an eccentric vibration driving mechanism 3-1-6, and flywheels 3-1-7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the eccentric vibration driving mechanism 3-1-6; through the cooperative work of the eccentric vibration driving mechanism and the flywheels on both sides, the screen device can be damped.

[0058] Working principle: when working, the Chinese milk vetch combined harvesting material mixture in the feeding hopper, such as Figure 14As shown, the heavy impurities cannot be lifted by the front suction duct 2-2 under the action of the suction fan 5-3 airflow, and fall to the ground after passing through the air inlet of the front suction duct 5-3, and the rest of the material continues to be lifted and then falls into the screening device 3. The screening device 3 reciprocates under the drive of the eccentric vibration mechanism 3-1-6. The seeds falling on the upper screen of the screening device 3 have a thickness or width less than the size of the upper screen hole, and fall into the lower screen of the screening device 3. The large impurities greater than the size of the upper screen hole of the screening device 3 slide off the screen surface and are discharged through the first impurity discharge groove 4-2. The seeds and impurities falling on the lower screen have a size less than the size of the lower screen hole, and fall to the bottom of the screening device through the lower screen surface and are discharged from the second impurity discharge groove 4-4. The rest of the seeds slide off the lower screen surface and are discharged from the seed falling pipe 4-5. At the same time, the airflow entering from the rear suction duct 5-6 again cleans and selects the seeds, and the worm-eaten or immature seeds are sucked into the rear impurity collection device 5-2. The bottom of the rear impurity collection device 5-2 is provided with a hinge door. When it is necessary to remove the impurities, the hinge door is opened and the impurities are discharged from the third impurity discharge groove 4-7. The light impurities enter the middle deposition device 5-4 and are discharged from the first impurity discharge groove 4-2. The lightest impurities are discharged from the air outlet pipe 5-7 to the dust cloth bag through the air outlet.

[0059] The cleaning material used in the embodiment is a combined harvest material of Chinese artichoke, so the upper screen has a long-hole screen with a hole diameter of 1.5 mm, and the lower screen has a round-hole screen with a round hole diameter of φ1.0 mm. The rubber ball screen cleaning mechanism has an included angle with the horizontal plane, and the included angle is 6°.

[0060] Test Example 1

[0061] In the test example, the cleaning material is a combined harvest material of Chinese artichoke, so the suction fan is a suction type general centrifugal fan. According to the seed suspension velocity test method and standard for grain and oil, pasture and the like, the airflow working speed in the separation and cleaning system should be not higher than the maximum suspension velocity v fmax of the crop seeds. The seed suspension velocity of Chinese artichoke is measured by using a seed suspension velocity test bench independently developed by the South Seed Processing Engineering Technology Center of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, and a YZ-2000A type intelligent air speed, pressure and volume instrument. The measurement result shows that the seed suspension velocity of Chinese artichoke is 4.94-8.91 m / s.

[0062] It is known that the wind pressure full pressure calculation formula of the suction fan is

[0063] h q = h j+h d (2)

[0064] wherein

[0065]

[0066] wherein h q — total pressure of suction fan, Pa

[0067] h j — static pressure, Pa

[0068] h d — dynamic pressure, Pa

[0069] ξ — friction factor of air flow, taken as 0.35

[20]

[0070] l0 — length of air duct, 0.55 m

[0071] v fmax — maximum suspension speed of Astragalus seeds, taken as 8.91 m / s

[0072] ψ — resistance coefficient of air flow of duct, taken as 0.35

[20]

[0073] λ — resistance coefficient of air flow of fan inlet and outlet, taken as 0.60

[20]

[0074] ρ — air density, taken as 1.2 kg / m 3

[0075] r — hydraulic radius of air duct, taken as 0.038

[20]

[0076] g — acceleration of gravity, 9.80 m / s 2

[0077] The total pressure h of the suction fan is calculated by formula (2) to (4) q = 28.24 Pa.

[0078] The outer diameter of the impeller of the suction fan is generally designed between 250 to 400 mm, and the outer diameter D of the impeller of the fan is taken as 310 mm in the design, so the rotation speed of the suction fan is calculated as

[0079]

[0080] wherein ε — calculation coefficient, taken as 0.40, and the rotation speed n of the suction fan is calculated as n = 1480 r / min by formula (5), so the maximum rotation speed of the suction fan is designed as n = 1500 r / min.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the size of the upper sieve is a round-hole sieve with a round-hole diameter of φ 2.3 mm, and the size of the lower sieve is a round-hole sieve with a round-hole diameter of φ 1.0 mm.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the size of the upper sieve is a round-hole sieve with a round-hole diameter of φ 4.5 mm, and the size of the lower sieve is a long-hole sieve with a hole width of 2.0 mm.

[0085] Example 4

[0086] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the size of the upper sieve is a round-hole sieve with a round-hole diameter of φ 6.0 mm, and the size of the lower sieve is a round-hole sieve with a round-hole diameter of φ 3.5 mm.

[0087] As described above, although the present application has been shown and described with respect to the particular preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the particulars of the preferred embodiments. Various changes in form and detail can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A green manure seed cleaning machine, comprising a frame (1), wherein a feeding device (2), a screening device (3), and a discharging device (4) are provided on the frame, characterized in that: The feeding device (2) includes a feeding hopper (2-1), the discharge port of the feeding hopper (2-1) is connected to the front suction duct (2-2), and the discharge port (2-3) of the front suction duct (2-2) is connected to a screening device (3). The screening device (3) includes a screening drive device (3-1) located on one side of the frame (1). The screening drive device (3-1) drives an inclined rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3-3) connected to the discharge port of the front suction duct (2-2) to vibrate up and down and left and right. The screening device also includes a hammer cleaning mechanism (3-2) fixed above the rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3-3) to strike the rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3-3) and a lower screen (3-5) located below the rubber ball cleaning mechanism (3-3). The screening drive device (3-1) also drives a brush cleaning mechanism (3-4) located below the lower screen (3-5) to perform a back-and-forth reciprocating motion. The brush cleaning mechanism (3-4) is provided with a bottom plate (3-6) with high sides and low center. The discharge device (4) includes a first collecting device (4-1) located at the end of the rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism (3-3) away from the feeding hopper (2-1), and the first collecting device (4-1) is connected to the first waste discharge trough (4-2); the middle of the lower bottom plate (3-6) has a second collecting device (4-3), the second collecting device (4-3) is connected to the second waste discharge trough (4-4), the right side of the second waste discharge trough (4-4) has a third waste discharge trough (4-7), and the third waste discharge trough (4-7) is connected to the third collecting device (4-8); the discharge device also includes a seed drop pipe (4-5) connected to the waste collection and dust removal device (5). The dust collection and removal device (5) includes a housing (5-1). A front waste collection device (5-2) is installed on the side of the housing (5-1) near the feeding hopper. The front waste collection device (5-2) is adjacent to the discharge port (2-3). A waste suction fan (5-3) is installed in the middle of the housing (5-1). The waste suction fan (5-3) is driven to rotate by the screening drive device (3-1). Intermediate sedimentation devices (5-4) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the waste suction fan (5-3). A rear waste collection device (5-5) is installed on the side of the housing (5-1) away from the feeding hopper. The bottom of the rear waste collection device (5-5) is located above the third collection device (4-8). The tail end is connected to a rear suction duct (5-6), which is connected to the seed dropping pipe (4-5); the outer shell (5-1) is provided with an air outlet pipe (5-7) in the direction of outwards above the suction fan (5-3); the rear suction duct (5-6) includes a duct body connected to the outer shell (5-1), the duct body has a suction port (5-6-1) on the side facing the suction fan (5-3), the suction port (5-6-1) has a lower sieve seed outlet (5-6-2) above it that is connected to the upper surface of the lower sieve, the duct body is connected to the seed dropping pipe (4-5) facing outwards, and a seed dropping flow regulating plate (4-6) is slidably provided on the seed dropping port of the seed dropping pipe (4-5).

2. The green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding hopper (2-1) includes a hopper body (2-1-1), and the feeding port of the hopper body (2-1-1) is equipped with a feeding amount adjustment device (2-1-2).

3. The green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber ball cleaning and screening mechanism (3-3) includes a screen frame (3-3-1) connected to the screening drive device (3-1), an upper screen (3-3-2) is installed on the upper surface of the screen frame (3-3-1), and a rubber ball cleaning and screening plate is installed below the upper screen (3-3-2).

4. A green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rubber ball cleaning plate includes a material drop plate (3-3-3) located below the upper screen (3-3-2). A set of rubber ball baffles (3-3-5) is placed between the material drop plate (3-3-3) and the upper screen (3-3-2). The rubber ball baffles (3-3-5) divide the space between the material drop plate (3-3-3) and the upper screen (3-3-2) into multiple rubber ball impact grids. A set of rubber balls (3-3-4) of different sizes is placed in the rubber ball impact grids.

5. A green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer cleaning mechanism (3-2) includes mounting seats (3-2-1) located on both sides of the frame (1), a hammer connecting rod (3-2-2) is installed between the two mounting seats (3-2-1), an adjusting handle (3-2-4) is installed at the driving end of the hammer connecting rod (3-2-2), a first hammer (3-2-3) is fixedly installed in the middle of the hammer connecting rod (3-2-2), and a second hammer (3-2-6) is connected to the output end of the hammer connecting rod (3-2-2) through a four-bar linkage (3-2-5).

6. A green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brush cleaning mechanism (3-4) includes a brush connecting rod (3-4-1) connected to the screening drive device (3-1). The end of the brush connecting rod (3-4-1) away from the screening drive device (3-1) is connected to a brush fixing frame (3-4-2). A set of brushes (3-4-3) are evenly distributed in the vertical direction above the brush fixing frame (3-4-2). A set of sliding rollers (3-4-4) are slidably installed below the brush fixing frame (3-4-2). The sliding rollers (3-4-4) are installed on the screening device (3).

7. A green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening drive device (3-1) includes a drive motor (3-1-1) mounted on the frame (1). The output end of the drive motor (3-1-1) is connected to a fan pulley (3-1-2) and a drive wheel (3-1-3). The fan pulley (3-1-2) drives the suction fan (5-3) to rotate. The drive wheel (3-1-3) drives the screening device (3) to vibrate up, down, left, and right. The drive wheel (3-1-3) is connected to a brush pulley (3-1-5) through a transmission wheel (3-1-4). The brush pulley (3-1-5) drives the brush cleaning mechanism (3-4) to reciprocate.

8. A green manure seed cleaning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission wheel (3-1-4) is connected to an eccentric vibration drive mechanism (3-1-6), and flywheels (3-1-7) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the eccentric vibration drive mechanism (3-1-6).

Images