Pure electric vehicle thermal management system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, comprising a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit, and an HVAC water supply circuit. The thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle comprises a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit, and an HVAC water supply circuit. These three circuits work together to achieve complete vehicle thermal management, resolving the technical issue of poor thermal management in existing pure electric vehicles and achieving superior thermal management results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of integrated thermal management technology, and in particular to a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The new energy vehicle industry has experienced rapid growth in recent years, with pure electric vehicles rapidly capturing the market due to their simple structure, low noise, and zero pollution. However, their development is constrained by factors such as battery temperature sensitivity and the high energy consumption of air conditioning systems. To ensure the economic benefits of electric vehicles, the industry must prioritize the integration of thermal coupling, reduced battery energy requirements, and reduced air conditioning energy consumption.

[0003] The thermal management system for pure electric vehicles can be divided into the passenger compartment thermal management system, the battery thermal management system, and the electrical equipment thermal management system. These systems are complexly coupled. The passenger compartment thermal management system must be coordinated with the air conditioning system to meet the temperature requirements of the occupants and equipment.

[0004] In the process of implementing the technical methods of the embodiments of the present invention, the inventors of this application discovered at least the following technical problems in the prior art:

[0005] Currently, the thermal management systems of most mid- and low-end vehicles tend to optimize the performance of a single system, placing high demands on the battery load. The air conditioning circuit relies too much on the vehicle heater (PTC, positive temperature coefficient) cycle. Even though this heating method has a simple structure and mature technology, its energy efficiency is relatively low, only reaching 0.85-0.95, which has a significant impact on the range of pure electric vehicles. The large amount of waste heat from motors and electronic control equipment is often overlooked.

[0006] In summary, the thermal management effect of existing pure electric vehicles is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, which solves the technical problem of poor thermal management effect of existing pure electric vehicles.

[0008] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, the system comprising: a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit and an HVAC water supply circuit, comprising a compressor (101), an outdoor heat exchanger (102), an electronic expansion valve (103), an indoor heat exchanger (104), a cooler (108), a pump 1 (206), a pump 2 (207), a PTC (204), a low-temperature expansion water tank (205), a solenoid valve 1 (212), a solenoid valve 2 (213), an electronically controlled liquid cooling plate (201), a motor liquid cooling plate (202), a battery liquid cooling plate (203), a wet film humidifier (301), a reheater (302), a liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), a water supply tank (306), a water pump (307), a flow The refrigerant is supplied from a state sterilizing lamp (308), a three-way valve 1 (106), a three-way valve 2 (208), a three-way valve 3 (209), a three-way valve 4 (210), a three-way valve 5 (211), a three-way valve 6 (309), a three-way valve 7 (310), a three-way valve 8 (311), a three-way valve 9 (312), a four-way reversing valve (105), a bypass pipe, a one-way valve (107) and a drip tray drain pipe; in the refrigerant circuit, the outlet of the compressor (101) leads to the three-way valve 6 (309), one of which enters the three-way valve 8 (311) in the HVAC, and the other passes through the four-way reversing valve (105); the three-way valve 8 (311) is divided into two paths and flows through the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) and the refrigerant The refrigerant flows through the three-way valve 7 (310) and the four-way reversing valve (105). The two reversing directions of the four-way reversing valve (105) lead to the outdoor heat exchanger (102) and the indoor heat exchanger (104), respectively. Different flow directions of the refrigerant determine different modes. The outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is connected to the electronic expansion valve (103). The three-way valve 1 (106) is connected to the electronic expansion valve (103) and the indoor heat exchanger (104) in two ways. A bypass pipe is provided on the third way, which is merged into the main way together with the four-way reversing valve (105) and the one-way valve (107) and connected to the cooler (108). The other end of the cooler (108) is connected to the compressor (10 1) inlet, forming a circulation; in the coolant loop, the cooler (108) is arranged in countercurrent, the shell outlet of the cooler (108) is connected to the pump 1 (206), and then passes through the three-way valve 2 (208), one of which is connected to the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), and the other is connected to three branches in parallel, the first branch is connected to the solenoid valve 1 (212) and the electric control liquid cooling plate (201), the second branch is connected to the solenoid valve 2 (213) and the motor liquid cooling plate (202), and the third branch is connected to the three-way valve 3 (209), the PTC (204), the battery liquid cooling plate (203) and the three-way valve 4 (210) in sequence, and is merged into the main line and enters a port of the three-way valve 5 (211);The outlet of the three-way valve 5 (211) returns to the cooler (108) in one way, and the other way intersects with the bypass of the three-way valve 4 (210) and enters the pump 2 (207). The outlet of the pump 2 (207) intersects with the bypass of the three-way valve 3 (209) and is connected to the low-temperature expansion water tank (205) to form a cycle. In the HVAC water supply circuit, the water in the water supply tank (306) is sucked by the water pump (307) and then flows into the water supply tank (306). After being sterilized by the flow sterilization lamp (308), the water enters the three-way valve 9 (312); the outlet of the three-way valve 9 (312) is divided into two paths, one of which directly enters the wet film of the wet film humidifier (301) to provide humidification conditions, and the other enters the shell of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), and its outlet is connected to the wet film humidifier (301); the drain pipe of the drip tray below the wet film humidifier (301) is connected to the water supply tank (306), forming a circulation.

[0009] Optionally, the secondary coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant R134a through the cooler (108) and is converted into high-grade heat.

[0010] Optionally, the system further comprises a blower (304), an air filter (303) and an air filter. In the HVAC water supply circuit, the blower (304) provides a power source for fresh air, which is mixed with the return air blown into the passenger compartment to form mixed air, which is filtered and dust-removed once by the air filter (303) before entering the HVAC duct.

[0011] Optionally, in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant R134a transfers high-grade recovered heat, exchanges heat with the mixed air in the indoor heat exchanger (104) and the reheater (302), and exchanges heat with water to be pumped into the wet film humidifier (301) in the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), thereby humidifying the mixed air and realizing thermal management of the passenger compartment.

[0012] An embodiment of the present application also provides an application of the pure electric vehicle thermal management system described in the aforementioned embodiment. The pure electric vehicle thermal management system can complete eight standard operating modes, including standby mode, standard driving mode, humidification mode, cooling mode, heating mode, defrost mode, emergency heat dissipation mode and heating charging mode, and realize automatic adjustment of different working conditions to meet the high-quality differentiated air conditioning needs in the passenger compartment.

[0013] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0014] The pure electric vehicle thermal management system of the present application includes a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit and an HVAC water supply circuit. The three cooperate with each other to jointly realize the thermal management of the entire vehicle, solving the technical problem of poor thermal management effect of existing pure electric vehicles and achieving good thermal management effect.

[0015] The thermal management system for pure electric vehicles can reuse waste heat. The refrigerant extracts low-quality waste heat generated by the battery, motor, and electronic control equipment, transferring it to the refrigerant, converting it into high-quality heat. This high-quality heat is then reused in the HVAC system, achieving energy integration.

[0016] The highly integrated design of the thermal management system of pure electric vehicles minimizes the number of components and circuits, completes the conversion of eight standard modes and automatically adjusts the working conditions, and realizes functional integration.

[0017] The multi-mode design of humidity regulation makes the HVAC module richer, provides more diverse conditions for passenger compartment thermal management, and meets the differentiated needs of users. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is an architectural diagram of a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a system flow chart of the system in the standard driving mode in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a system flow chart of the system in humidification mode in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a system flow chart of the system in cooling mode in Example 4 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a system flow chart of the system in heating mode in Example 5 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a system flow chart of the system in defrost mode in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a system flow chart of the system in the emergency heat dissipation mode in Example 7 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a system flow chart of the system in heating and charging mode in Example 8 of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 101, compressor; 102, outdoor heat exchanger; 103, electronic expansion valve; 104, indoor heat exchanger; 105, four-way reversing valve; 106, three-way valve 1; 107, one-way valve; 108, cooler; 201, electronic control liquid cooling plate; 202, motor liquid cooling plate; 203, battery liquid cooling plate; 204, PTC; 205, low-temperature expansion tank; 206, pump 1; 207, pump 2; 208, three-way valve 2; 209, three-way valve 3; 210, three-way valve 4; 211, three-way valve 5; 2 12. Solenoid valve 1; 213. Solenoid valve 2; 301. Wet-film humidifier; 302. Reheater; 303. Air filter; 304. Blower; 305. Liquid-liquid heat exchanger; 306. Water feed pump; 307. Water feed tank; 308. Flow sterilization lamp; 309. Three-way valve 6; 310. Three-way valve 7; 311. Three-way valve 8; 312. Three-way valve 9; TS1~TS5, temperature sensors; HS1, humidity sensor; LLS1~LLS2, liquid level sensors; IS1, infrared sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable people skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, the system comprising: a refrigerant circuit, a coolant circuit and an HVAC water supply circuit, covering a compressor (101), an outdoor heat exchanger (102), an electronic expansion valve (103), an indoor heat exchanger (104), a cooler (108), a pump 1 (206), a pump 2 (207), a PTC (204), a low-temperature expansion water tank (205), a solenoid valve 1 (212), a solenoid valve 2 (213), an electronically controlled liquid cooling plate (201), a motor liquid cooling plate (202), and a battery liquid cooling plate. (203), wet film humidifier (301), reheater (302), liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), water supply tank (306), water pump (307), flow sterilization lamp (308), three-way valve 1 (106), three-way valve 2 (208), three-way valve 3 (209), three-way valve 4 (210), three-way valve 5 (211), three-way valve 6 (309), three-way valve 7 (310), three-way valve 8 (311), three-way valve 9 (312), four-way reversing valve (105), bypass pipe, one-way valve (107) and drip tray drain pipe;

[0030] In the refrigerant circuit, the outlet of the compressor (101) leads to the three-way valve 6 (309), one of which enters the three-way valve 8 (311) in the HVAC, and the other passes through the four-way reversing valve (105); the three-way valve 8 (311) is divided into two paths and flows through the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) and the reheater (302), and finally both meet at the three-way valve 7 (310) and enter the four-way reversing valve (105); the two reversing directions of the four-way reversing valve (105) lead to the outdoor heat exchanger (102 ) and the indoor heat exchanger (104), and different refrigerant flow directions determine different modes; the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is connected to the electronic expansion valve (103), and two paths of the three-way valve 1 (106) are connected to the electronic expansion valve (103) and the indoor heat exchanger (104). A bypass pipe is set on the third path, which is merged into the main path together with the four-way reversing valve (105) and the one-way valve (107) and connected to the cooler (108); the other end of the cooler (108) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (101), forming a cycle;

[0031] In the coolant circuit, the cooler (108) is arranged in countercurrent, and the shell outlet of the cooler (108) is connected to the pump 1 (206), and then passes through the three-way valve 2 (208), one of which is connected to the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), and the other is connected to three branches in parallel, the first branch is connected to the solenoid valve 1 (212) and the electric control liquid cooling plate (201), the second branch is connected to the solenoid valve 2 (213) and the motor liquid cooling plate (202), and the third branch is connected to the three-way valve 3 (2 09), PTC (204), battery liquid cooling plate (203) and three-way valve 4 (210), merge into the main line and enter one port of three-way valve 5 (211); the outlet of three-way valve 5 (211) returns to cooler (108) all the way, and the other way intersects with the bypass of three-way valve 4 (210) and enters pump 2 (207); the outlet of pump 2 (207) intersects with the bypass of three-way valve 3 (209), and is connected to low-temperature expansion water tank (205), forming a cycle;

[0032] In the HVAC water supply circuit, the water in the water supply tank (306) is sucked by the water supply pump (307), sterilized by the flow sterilization lamp (308), and then enters the three-way valve 9 (312); the outlet of the three-way valve 9 (312) is divided into two paths, one of which directly enters the wet film of the wet film humidifier (301) to provide humidification conditions, and the other enters the shell of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), and its outlet is connected to the wet film humidifier (301); the drain pipe of the drip tray below the wet film humidifier (301) is connected to the water supply tank (306), forming a circulation.

[0033] The secondary coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant R134a through the cooler (108) and is converted into high-grade heat.

[0034] The system further includes a blower (304), an air filter (303) and an air filter. In the HVAC water supply circuit, the blower (304) provides a power source for fresh air, which is mixed with the return air blown into the passenger compartment to form mixed air, which is filtered and dust-removed once by the air filter (303) before entering the HVAC duct.

[0035] In the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant R134a transfers high-quality recovered heat, exchanges heat with the mixed air in the indoor heat exchanger (104) and the reheater (302), and exchanges heat with the water to be pumped into the wet film humidifier (301) in the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), thereby humidifying the mixed air and realizing thermal management of the passenger compartment.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment lists the process of the system in the standby mode of the present invention. Example 1 is a situation where the car is turned off and all devices and sensors are in a silent state.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment lists the process in the standard driving mode of the system of the present invention. Example 2 is a case where the air conditioner is not turned on. In the refrigerant circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is an air-cooled condenser, the indoor heat exchanger (104) is not working, and the cooling load is only borne by the cooler (108); in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant ethylene glycol aqueous solution takes away the heat of the electronic control / motor / battery and cools it down through the cooler (108) to achieve thermal management of the electrical equipment; the HVAC is not working.

[0040] The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (103) undergoes heat exchange with the refrigerant in the cooler (108), becomes low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas, enters the compressor (101), forms high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, enters the outdoor heat exchanger (102), exchanges heat with the cold air, and condenses into medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and then enters the electronic expansion valve (103), undergoes throttling and pressure reduction to form a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, and then enters the cooler (108) again to release cold energy, thus completing the cycle.

[0041] The high-temperature coolant in the cooler (108) exchanges heat with the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture and becomes a low-temperature coolant that enters the parallel branch. The temperature sensors (TS1~TS4) sense the temperature of each branch and control the opening of the three-way valve 4 (209), the solenoid valve 1 (212), and the solenoid valve 2 (213), thereby controlling the flow of the low-temperature coolant into each branch. The heat of the electrical equipment is taken away through the electronically controlled liquid cooling plate (201), the motor liquid cooling plate (202), and the battery liquid cooling plate (203) and returned to the cooler (108) for further cooling. This cycle realizes thermal management of the electrical equipment.

[0042] When the humidity sensor in the passenger compartment transmits abnormal humidity information, the electronic control system executes the opening of the blower (304) and the water pump (307), and switches to the humidification mode of Example 3.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment lists the process in the humidification mode of the system of the present invention. Example 3 is a case where the temperature conditions are suitable and only humidity adjustment is required. The same as some requirements in Example 2, the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is an air-cooled condenser, the indoor heat exchanger (104) does not work, and only the cooler (108) bears the cooling load. The thermal management of electrical equipment is achieved by the method in Example 2; the wet film humidifier (301), blower (304), water pump (307), and fluid sterilization lamp (308) in the HVAC are working.

[0045] The water supply pump (307) draws water from the water supply tank (306), which then enters the wet film humidifier (301) after being sterilized by the flow sterilization lamp (308), providing wetting conditions for the wet film. The water flows along the wet film structure into the water storage tray below and returns to the water supply tank (306) through the pipe, thus achieving water circulation.

[0046] The return air in the passenger cabin enters the HVAC mixing chamber through the return air vent and mixes with the fresh air blown in by the blower (304) to form mixed air. The mixed air is filtered and dusted by the air filter (303) and then humidified by the wet film humidifier (301) using the isenthalpic wet film method. The mixed air then enters the passenger cabin through the air supply vent to meet the humidification requirements of the passenger cabin.

[0047] Example 4

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, this embodiment lists the process in the cooling mode of the system of the present invention. Example 4 is a situation where cooling and dehumidification are required in the summer in the northern hemisphere. In the refrigerant circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is an air-cooled condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger (104) is a cooling air evaporator. The indoor heat exchanger (104) and the cooler (108) jointly bear the cooling load; in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used to achieve thermal management of electrical equipment in the manner of Example 2; in the HVAC, the wet film humidifier (301) and the water circuit are not working, and the reheater (302) and the blower (304) are working, so that the mixed air sent in meets the cooling and dehumidification conditions, thereby achieving thermal management of the passenger compartment.

[0049] The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (103) cools the mixed air in the indoor heat exchanger (104), exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the cooler (108), becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas, enters the compressor (101), forms a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, enters the reheater (302), and is dry-heated by the mixed air, and then enters the outdoor heat exchanger (102), exchanges heat with the cold air, and condenses into a medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid, and then enters the electronic expansion valve (103), forms a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture through throttling and pressure reduction, and then enters the indoor heat exchanger (104) and the cooler (108) again to release the cold, thus circulating.

[0050] The return air in the passenger cabin enters the HVAC mixing chamber through the return air vent and mixes with the fresh air blown in by the blower (304) to form mixed air. The mixed air is filtered and dusted once through the air filter (303), then cooled to the machine dew point through the indoor heat exchanger (104), and then dry-heated to the air supply state point through the reheater (302). It then enters the passenger cabin through the air supply vent to meet the cooling and dehumidification requirements of the passenger cabin.

[0051] The temperature sensor (TS5) and the humidity sensor (HS1) in the HVAC monitor the parameters of the mixed air, control the power of the blower (304) and the refrigerant flow rate, and achieve stable air supply under different working conditions.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] like Figure 6As shown, this embodiment lists the process in the heating mode of the system of the present invention. Example 5 is a situation where heating and humidification are required in the winter in the northern hemisphere. In the refrigerant circuit, the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is an air-cooling type evaporator, and the indoor heat exchanger (104) is an air-cooling type condenser. The outdoor heat exchanger (102) and the cooler (108) jointly bear the cooling load; in the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used to achieve thermal management of electrical equipment in the manner of Example 2; the reheater (302) in the HVAC does not work, and the wet film humidifier (301), the blower (304), the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) and the water circuit work so that the mixed air supplied meets the heating and humidification conditions, thereby achieving thermal management of the passenger compartment.

[0054] Based on the cooling mode of Example 4, the four-way reversing valve (105) is reversed. The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (103) is cooled by the outdoor cold air in the outdoor heat exchanger (102), and undergoes heat exchange with the refrigerant in the cooler (108). It becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas and enters the compressor (101). The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas enters the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) to heat the water that is about to enter the wet film humidifier (301). The refrigerant gas then enters the indoor heat exchanger (104), undergoes heat exchange with the cold mixed air, and condenses into a medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid. The refrigerant then enters the electronic expansion valve (103), undergoes throttling and pressure reduction, and forms a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture. The refrigerant then enters the outdoor heat exchanger (102) and the cooler (108) again to release the cooling capacity, thus forming a cycle.

[0055] The water supply pump (307) draws water from the water supply tank (306). After being sterilized by the flow sterilization lamp (308), the water enters the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305). After being heated, the water enters the wet film humidifier (301), providing a medium-temperature humidification condition for the wet film. The water flows along the wet film structure into the water storage tray below and returns to the water supply tank (306) through the pipe, thus realizing water circulation.

[0056] The return air in the passenger cabin enters the HVAC mixing chamber through the return air vent and mixes with the fresh air blown in by the blower (304) to form mixed air. The mixed air is filtered and dusted by the air filter (303) and then dry-heated by the indoor heat exchanger (104). It is humidified to the air supply state point by the wet film humidifier (301) using the wet film isenthalpy method and then enters the passenger cabin through the air supply vent to meet the heating and humidification requirements of the passenger cabin.

[0057] The temperature sensor (TS5) and the humidity sensor (HS1) in the HVAC monitor the parameters of the mixed air, control the power of the blower (304) and the refrigerant flow rate, and achieve stable air supply under different working conditions.

[0058] When the infrared sensor (IS1) in the outdoor heat exchanger (102) detects that the thickness of the frost layer exceeds 5 mm, it automatically switches to the defrosting mode of Example 6, and switches back to Example 5 after the defrosting is completed.

[0059] Example 6

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment lists the process of the system in the defrost mode of the present invention. Example 6 is a situation where frost is easy to form in the autumn and winter seasons in the northern hemisphere.

[0061] Based on the heating mode of Example 5, the four-way reversing valve (105) is reversed, and the refrigerant circuit is the same as the cooling mode process of Example 4. In the refrigerant circuit, the indoor heat exchanger (104) is not working; in the brine circuit, the brine glycol aqueous solution is used to achieve thermal management of the electrical equipment in the manner of Example 2; in the HVAC, the wet film humidifier (301), the blower (304), the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) and the water circuit are working normally, so that the mixed air supplied meets the flexible heating and humidification conditions, thereby achieving thermal management of the passenger compartment.

[0062] The low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture at the outlet of the electronic expansion valve (103) undergoes heat exchange with the refrigerant in the cooler (108), becoming a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas that enters the compressor (101), forming a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas that enters the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), heating the water that is about to enter the wet film humidifier (301), and then enters the outdoor heat exchanger (102), exchanging heat with the cold air and the surface frost layer, and condensing into a medium-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant liquid, achieving the purpose of rapid defrosting. Then, it enters the electronic expansion valve (103), undergoes throttling and pressure reduction to form a low-temperature, low-pressure refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, and then enters the cooler (108) again to release the cold, thus completing the cycle.

[0063] The water circulation is the same as the heating mode in Example 5. The water supply pump (307) draws water from the water supply tank (306). After sterilization by the fluidized sterilization lamp (308), the water enters the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305). After being heated, the water enters the wet film humidifier (301), providing a medium-temperature humidification condition for the wet film. The water flows along the wet film structure into the water storage tray below and returns to the water supply tank (306) through the pipe, thus completing the water circulation.

[0064] The return air in the passenger cabin enters the HVAC mixing chamber through the return air vent and mixes with the fresh air blown in by the blower (304) to form mixed air. The mixed air passes through the air filter (303) for a primary filtration and dust removal, and then passes through the wet film of the wet film humidifier (301) to be humidified to the air supply state point. The mixed air enters the passenger cabin through the air supply vent, thereby meeting the flexible heating and humidification requirements of the passenger cabin.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment lists the process in the emergency heat dissipation mode of the system of the present invention. Example 7 is a situation where the refrigerant circuit fails and the cooling conditions of the refrigerant cannot be met. When the temperature sensor (TS1) of the refrigerant circuit transmits the warning information that the refrigerant working temperature is abnormal, the emergency heat dissipation mode of Example 7 is automatically turned on and an alarm is sounded. The refrigerant circuit and HVAC equipment automatically stop working; in the refrigerant circuit, pump 1 (206) is turned off, the low-temperature expansion water tank (205) and pump 2 (207) are turned on, and the three-way valve 3 (208) and the three-way valve 6 (211) are reversed. The refrigerant ethylene glycol aqueous solution takes away the heat of the electronic control / motor / battery and cools down through the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), thereby realizing emergency thermal management of the electrical equipment.

[0067] In the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), the high-temperature coolant exchanges heat with the low-temperature refrigerant and enters the parallel branch after cooling. The temperature sensors (TS1~TS4) sense the temperature of each branch and control the opening of the three-way valve 4 (209), the solenoid valve 1 (212), and the solenoid valve 2 (213), thereby controlling the flow of the low-temperature coolant entering each branch. The heat of the electrical equipment is taken away through the electronically controlled liquid cooling plate (201), the motor liquid cooling plate (202), and the battery liquid cooling plate (203) and returned to the cooler (108) for further cooling. This cycle realizes thermal management of the electrical equipment.

[0068] However, in the emergency heat dissipation mode of this embodiment, the high and low temperature refrigerants in the low temperature expansion tank (205) undergo heat exchange and eventually reach thermal equilibrium. After thermal equilibrium, thermal management of the electrical equipment can no longer be achieved. Therefore, once this embodiment occurs, the car must be driven to the nearest maintenance station for a comprehensive overhaul within 15 minutes.

[0069] Example 8

[0070] like Figure 9 As shown, this embodiment lists the process of the heating charging mode of the system of the present invention. Example 8 is the case of instantaneous start of battery pack charging and long-term charging in the cold environment of winter in the northern hemisphere, which is charging below the safe temperature range of the battery pack. During charging, when the temperature sensor (TS4) of the battery pack branch detects that the operating temperature of the battery pack is too low, the heating charging mode of this embodiment is automatically turned on. In the refrigerant circuit, the PTC (204) and pump 2 (207) work to provide heating conditions for the battery pack.

[0071] In summary, the present invention couples the passenger compartment thermal management subsystem and the electronic control / motor / battery thermal management subsystem to achieve integrated thermal management of the entire vehicle of a pure electric vehicle. The refrigerant extracts the low-grade waste heat generated by the electrical equipment, transfers it to the refrigerant, and reuses the high-grade recovered heat in the HVAC, promoting the development of the electric vehicle industry. The system can complete the conversion of eight standard modes and automatically adjust the working conditions, and has strong adaptability. Compared with the single design of humidity control of the passenger compartment thermal management system on the current market, the wet film humidifier, reheater, liquid-liquid heat exchanger and indoor heat exchanger can complete a variety of humidity control modes to meet the user's high-quality differentiated air conditioning needs, and play a good reference role in the development of thermal management modes for pure electric vehicles.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle, characterized in that: The system includes: a refrigerant circuit, a secondary coolant circuit and an HVAC water supply circuit, including a compressor (101), an outdoor heat exchanger (102), an electronic expansion valve (103), an indoor heat exchanger (104), a cooler (108), a pump 1 (206), a pump 2 (207), a PTC (204), a low-temperature expansion water tank (205), a solenoid valve 1 (212), a solenoid valve 2 (213), an electronically controlled liquid cooling plate (201), a motor liquid cooling plate (202), a battery liquid cooling plate (203), and a wet film humidifier. (301), reheater (302), liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), water supply tank (306), water pump (307), flow sterilization lamp (308), three-way valve 1 (106), three-way valve 2 (208), three-way valve 3 (209), three-way valve 4 (210), three-way valve 5 (211), three-way valve 6 (309), three-way valve 7 (310), three-way valve 8 (311), three-way valve 9 (312), four-way reversing valve (105), bypass pipe, one-way valve (107) and drip tray drain pipe; In the refrigerant circuit, the outlet of the compressor (101) leads to the three-way valve 6 (309), one of which enters the three-way valve 8 (311) in the HVAC, and the other passes through the four-way reversing valve (105); the three-way valve 8 (311) is divided into two paths and flows through the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305) and the reheater (302), and finally both meet at the three-way valve 7 (310) and enter the four-way reversing valve (105); the two reversing directions of the four-way reversing valve (105) lead to the outdoor heat exchanger (10 2) and the indoor heat exchanger (104), different refrigerant flow directions determine different modes; the outlet of the outdoor heat exchanger (102) is connected to the electronic expansion valve (103), the three-way valve 1 (106) is connected to the electronic expansion valve (103) and the indoor heat exchanger (104) in two ways, and a bypass pipe is provided on the third way, which is merged into the main way together with the four-way reversing valve (105) and the one-way valve (107) and connected to the cooler (108); the other end of the cooler (108) is connected to the inlet of the compressor (101), forming a cycle; In the coolant circuit, the cooler (108) is arranged in countercurrent, and the shell outlet of the cooler (108) is connected to the pump 1 (206), and then passes through the three-way valve 2 (208), one of which is connected to the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), and the other is connected in parallel with three branches, the first branch is connected to the solenoid valve 1 (212) and the electric control liquid cooling plate (201), the second branch is connected to the solenoid valve 2 (213) and the motor liquid cooling plate (202), and the third branch is connected to the three-way valve 3 (2 09), the PTC (204), the battery liquid cooling plate (203) and the three-way valve 4 (210) are merged into the main line and enter one of the three-way valves 5 (211); the outlet of the three-way valve 5 (211) returns to the cooler (108) all the way, and the other way intersects with the bypass of the three-way valve 4 (210) and enters the pump 2 (207); the outlet of the pump 2 (207) intersects with the bypass of the three-way valve 3 (209), and is connected to the low-temperature expansion water tank (205), forming a cycle; In the HVAC water supply circuit, the water in the water supply tank (306) is sucked by the water supply pump (307), sterilized by the flow sterilization lamp (308), and then enters the three-way valve 9 (312); the outlet of the three-way valve 9 (312) is divided into two paths, one of which directly enters the wet film of the wet film humidifier (301) to provide humidification conditions, and the other enters the shell of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), and its outlet is connected to the wet film humidifier (301); the drain pipe of the drip tray below the wet film humidifier (301) is connected to the water supply tank (306), forming a circulation.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The secondary coolant exchanges heat with the refrigerant R134a through the cooler (108) and is converted into high-grade heat.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The system further comprises a blower (304), an air filter (303) and an air filter. In the HVAC water supply circuit, the blower (304) provides a power source for fresh air, which is mixed with the return air blown into the passenger compartment to form mixed air, which is filtered and dust-removed once by the air filter (303) before entering the HVAC duct.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: In the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant R134a transfers high-quality recovered heat, exchanges heat with the mixed air in the indoor heat exchanger (104) and the reheater (302), and exchanges heat with the water to be pumped into the wet film humidifier (301) in the liquid-liquid heat exchanger (305), thereby humidifying the mixed air and realizing thermal management of the passenger compartment.

5. An application of the thermal management system for a pure electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The pure electric vehicle thermal management system can complete eight standard operating modes, including standby mode, standard driving mode, humidification mode, cooling mode, heating mode, defrost mode, emergency heat dissipation mode and heating charging mode, and realize automatic adjustment of different working conditions to meet the high-quality differentiated air conditioning needs in the passenger compartment.

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