A dual-purpose boom for excavators (both front and rear shovels)

Abstract

A dual-purpose boom for excavators, comprising tracks and a chassis, wherein the tracks are mounted on the chassis frame, the cab is located on one side of the chassis, and the other side of the chassis is hinged to one end of the boom. The upper part of the boom is connected to the chassis via a first hydraulic rod, and the top of the boom is hinged to the lower end of the boom's tail via a pivot. The tail end of the boom is connected to the chassis via a second hydraulic rod, and the front end of the boom is connected to the bucket. A bucket cylinder support is located at the rear end of the upper surface of the boom, with the top of the support hinged to the cylinder body. A slider system is installed on the upper surface of the boom at the front end of the support, and the front end of the slider system is connected to a gear system. When the bucket is rotated, the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the slider system; when operating in both directions (front and back shovel), the piston rod front end is hinged to the bucket. This allows for single-person operation on a single excavator to switch between front and back shovel functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mining engineering machinery technology, specifically relating to a dual-purpose boom for excavators with both front and rear shovels. Background Technology

[0002] In modern construction projects, excavators have become one of the most important pieces of engineering machinery. However, there are many different types of excavators with varying uses, highlighting the growing need for multi-functional machines. Therefore, it is essential to develop excavating equipment that is efficient, labor-saving, and ensures construction quality.

[0003] Traditional excavators only have one function: a front shovel or a backhoe. When combined work is required, space constraints in complex construction environments prevent the two machines from working simultaneously, making rotation time-consuming, labor-intensive, and costly. Especially in high-altitude areas, where energy consumption is high and construction conditions are harsh, there is an urgent need for a dual-purpose front and backhoe excavator that can be operated by a single person.

[0004] Although excavators that can be used in both forward and reverse directions have appeared on the market, they currently have the following shortcomings: they occupy a large space or have a large turning radius, making it impossible to perform turning operations in a limited space; when changing, the bucket needs to be completely disassembled for installation, which is complicated; they do not make high use of the excavator's own system, require significant modifications, and need a lot of manpower or external machinery to assist. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-purpose boom for excavators, enabling single-person operation on a single excavator to switch between boom and reverse shovel functions.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A dual-purpose boom for excavators includes tracks and a chassis. The tracks are mounted on the chassis frame. One side of the chassis houses the cab, and the other side is hinged to one end of the boom. The upper part of the boom is connected to the chassis via a first hydraulic rod. The top of the boom is hinged to the lower end of the boom via a pivot. The tail end of the boom is connected to the chassis via a second hydraulic rod. The front end of the boom is connected to the bucket. A bucket cylinder support is located at the rear end of the upper surface of the boom. The top of the bucket cylinder support is hinged to the cylinder body end of the bucket cylinder. A slider system is installed on the upper surface of the boom at the front end of the bucket cylinder support. The front end of the slider system is connected to a gear system. When the bucket is rotated, the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the slider system; when operating in both directions, the piston rod front end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the bucket.

[0008] The stick includes a housing and a stick shaft. The stick shaft is located inside the housing cavity and is rotatably connected to multiple bearing seats mounted on the side wall of the housing. The front end of the stick shaft extends to the outside of the housing and is hinged to the bucket.

[0009] The slider system includes a bucket cylinder support, the bottom end of which is installed at the tail of the boom, the top of which is hinged to one end of the bucket cylinder, and the other end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the top of the slider via pin II. The slider is slidably mounted on a slider track, which is fixedly mounted on the boom. The front end of the slider is connected to one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to a gear system.

[0010] The slider rail consists of two parts, symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the boom. A front positioning block and an end positioning block are respectively provided at the front and rear end faces of the slider rail.

[0011] A jack is installed on the upper surface of the boom between the slider rail and the bucket cylinder support. A U-shaped lifting frame for supporting the bucket cylinder is provided at the top of the lifting rod of the jack.

[0012] The gear system includes a connecting flange, a drive shaft is mounted at the center of the connecting flange, and a vertical hinge rod is provided at the edge of the connecting flange. The hinge rod is hinged to the connecting rod on the slider system. The connecting flange is rotated by the extension and retraction of the connecting rod. The bottom end of the drive shaft passes through the top of the stick housing, and the part located inside the stick housing is connected to a drive bevel gear by a key. The drive bevel gear meshes with a driven bevel gear mounted on the stick shaft.

[0013] The bucket includes a bucket body. One side wall of the bucket body opening end is provided with shovel teeth, and the other side wall is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat is hinged to the stick shaft via a shaft. A backhoe fixing sleeve is provided on the upper side of the bucket body, and a front shovel fixing sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the bucket body below the hinge seat. The backhoe fixing sleeve or the front shovel fixing sleeve is hinged to one end of the bucket connecting rod via a pin. The other end of the bucket connecting rod is hinged to one end of the stick connecting rod via a pin I. The other end of the stick connecting rod is hinged to the outer part of the stick shaft.

[0014] The outer shell of the stick and the front and rear ends of the stick shaft are respectively provided with front through holes and rear through holes. The stick shaft positioning bolt I passes through the front through holes of the top of the outer shell, the stick shaft and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the stick shaft. The stick shaft positioning bolt II passes through the rear through holes of the top of the outer shell, the stick shaft and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the stick shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical advantages of this invention are:

[0016] 1. Currently, there are no excavators on the market that can use both front and back excavators with a boom. This patent is the first to propose a design method for an excavator with a boom that can be used for both front and back excavators, integrating the performance of both excavators into a single device. This can better meet the construction needs of complex environments. In addition, this technology is simple to operate and can be operated independently by a single person without the need for external cranes or other tools, making it particularly suitable for high-altitude areas.

[0017] 2. The excavator's built-in hydraulic system drives the slider mechanism, which in turn drives the active bevel gear to rotate, thereby driving the driven bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the boom shaft to rotate. This method is simple, efficient, and low-cost.

[0018] 3. The boom shaft is equipped with linear bearings and tapered bearings, which effectively reduces friction and improves working stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the excavator-specific dual-purpose boom;

[0020] Figure 2 Front view of the excavator-specific dual-purpose boom and dipstick of this invention;

[0021] In the diagram: 1-Tractor track, 2-Body, 3-Boom, 4-Bucket cylinder support, 5-U-shaped lifting frame, 6-Bucket cylinder, 7-Slider, 8-Slider track, 9-Connecting rod, 10-Front-end positioning block, 11-Connecting flange, 12-Stick (only half shown in the diagram), 13-Flange cover, 14-Pin I, 15-Bucket connecting rod, 16-Backhoe fixing sleeve, 17-Bucket body, 18-Shovel fixing sleeve, 19-Stick connecting rod, 20-Tapered cone bearing, 21-Stick shaft positioning bolt I, 22-Linear bearing, 23-Bearing seat, 24-Stick shaft, 25-Driving bevel gear, 26-Driven bevel gear, 27-Pin II, 28-End positioning block, 29-Stick shaft positioning bolt II, 30-Manual jack. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a dual-purpose boom for excavators includes a track 1 and a body 2. The track 1 is mounted on the frame of the body 2. One side of the body 2 is the cab, and the other side is hinged to one end of the boom 3. The upper part of the boom 3 is connected to the body 2 via a first hydraulic rod. The top of the boom 3 is hinged to the lower end of the boom 12 via a pivot. The tail end of the boom 12 is connected to the body 2 via a second hydraulic rod. The front end of the boom 12 is connected to the bucket. A bucket cylinder support 4 is provided at the rear end of the upper surface of the boom 12. The top of the bucket cylinder support 4 is hinged to the cylinder body end of the bucket cylinder 6. A slider system is installed on the upper surface of the boom 12 at the front end of the bucket cylinder 6 support. The front end of the slider system is connected to a gear system. When the bucket is rotated, the piston rod end of the boom cylinder 6 is hinged to the slider system; when operating in both directions, the piston rod front end of the boom cylinder 6 is hinged to the bucket.

[0024] The stick 12 includes a housing and a stick shaft 24. The stick shaft 24 is located inside the housing and consists of a cylindrical part and a square column part. The cylindrical part of the stick shaft 24 is rotatably connected to five bearing seats 23 mounted on the side wall of the housing. The bearing seats 23 have built-in linear bearings 22. Tapered bearings 20 are installed at both ends of the cylindrical part of the stick shaft 24 to prevent longitudinal slippage of the stick shaft 24. The square column part of the stick shaft 24 extends to the outside of the housing and a flange cover 13 is bolted to the outside. The front end of the stick shaft 24 extends to the outside of the housing and is hinged to the bucket.

[0025] The slider system includes a bucket cylinder support 4, the bottom of which is installed at the tail of the boom 12. The top of the bucket cylinder support 4 is hinged to one end of the bucket cylinder 6. The other end of the bucket cylinder 6 is hinged to the top of the slider 7 via pin II 27. The slider 7 is slidably mounted on the slider track 8, which is fixedly mounted on the boom 12. The front end of the slider 7 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 9, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is hinged to the gear system.

[0026] There are two slider tracks 8, which are symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the stick 12. A front positioning block 10 and an end positioning block 28 are respectively provided at the front end and the rear end face of the slider track 8.

[0027] A manual jack 30 is installed on the upper surface of the boom 12 between the slider rail 8 and the bucket cylinder support 4. A U-shaped lifting frame 5 for supporting the bucket cylinder 6 is provided on the top of the lifting rod of the manual jack 30.

[0028] The gear system includes a connecting flange 11, a drive shaft is mounted at the center of the connecting flange 11, and a vertical hinge rod is provided at the edge of the connecting flange 11. The hinge rod is hinged to the connecting rod 9 on the slider system. The connecting flange 11 is rotated by the extension and retraction of the connecting rod 9. The bottom end of the drive shaft passes through the top of the outer shell of the stick 12, and the part located inside the outer shell of the stick 12 is connected to the drive bevel gear 25 by a key. The drive bevel gear 25 meshes with the driven bevel gear 26 mounted on the stick shaft 24.

[0029] The bucket includes a bucket body 17. One side wall of the open end of the bucket body 17 is provided with shovel teeth, and the other side wall is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat is hinged to the stick shaft 24 through a shaft. A backhoe fixing sleeve 16 is provided on the upper side of the bucket body 17, and a front shovel fixing sleeve 18 is provided on the inner wall of the bucket body 17 below the hinge seat. The backhoe fixing sleeve 16 or the front shovel fixing sleeve 18 is hinged to one end of the bucket connecting rod 15 through a pin. The other end of the bucket connecting rod 15 is hinged to the stick connecting rod 19 through a pin I 14. The other end of the stick connecting rod 19 is hinged to the outer part of the stick shaft 24.

[0030] The outer shell of the boom 12 and the front and rear ends of the boom shaft 24 are respectively provided with front through holes and rear through holes. The boom shaft positioning bolt I 21 passes through the front through holes of the top of the outer shell, the boom shaft 24 and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the boom shaft 24. The boom shaft positioning bolt II 29 passes through the rear through holes of the top of the outer shell, the boom shaft 24 and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the boom shaft 24.

[0031] The process of changing the shovel in a dual-purpose excavator boom is as follows:

[0032] The piston rod of bucket cylinder 6 retracts to the position of end positioning block 28. Install stick shaft positioning bolt I 21 and stick shaft positioning bolt II 29 to fix stick shaft 24. Remove pin II 29 and operate manual jack 30 to slowly raise bucket cylinder 6 and separate it from the top of slider 7 using U-shaped lifting frame 5. At the same time, the piston rod of bucket cylinder 6 slowly extends. During the extension of the piston rod of bucket cylinder 6, finely adjust the extension height of jack 30 until the through hole at the front end of the piston rod of bucket cylinder 6 is coaxial with the through hole at the hinge of bucket connecting rod 15 and stick connecting rod 19. At this time, insert pin I 14 to complete the connection of bucket connecting rod 15, stick connecting rod 19 and bucket cylinder 6. Control manual jack 30 to lower U-shaped lifting frame 5 to the lowest position. Backhoe connection is complete, and backhoe operation can begin.

[0033] When front shoveling is required, first place the bucket 17 on a level surface, then pull out the pin I 14. This separates the bucket connecting rod 15, the stick connecting rod 19, and the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6. At this time, the bucket cylinder 6 cannot control the bucket body 17 through the bucket connecting rod 15 and the stick connecting rod 19. Operate the manual jack 30 to slowly raise the bucket cylinder 6 using the U-shaped lifting frame 5, and slowly retract the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6. During the retraction of the bucket cylinder 6, fine-tune the extension height of the jack 30 until... The through hole at the front end of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6 is coaxial with the through hole of the top ear plate of the slider 7. At this time, insert the pin II 27, and then pull out the stick shaft positioning bolt I 21 and the stick shaft positioning bolt II 29 to control the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6 to slowly extend, pushing the slider 7 to move forward along the slider track 8. During the movement, the slider 7 drives the connecting flange 11 to rotate. During the rotation of the connecting flange 11, it drives the driving bevel gear 25 to rotate, which in turn drives the stick shaft 24 to rotate through the driven bevel gear 26 meshing with it. When the slider 7 When the movement reaches the front positioning block 10, the movement stops. At this time, the stick shaft 24 rotates 180°, and the bucket body 17 also rotates 180°, with the bucket body opening 17 facing upwards, becoming a front shovel. Next, the stick shaft positioning bolts I 21 and II 29 are installed to fix the stick shaft 24. Then, the pin II 27 is pulled out, and the manual jack 30 is operated to slowly raise the bucket cylinder 6 using the U-shaped lifting frame 5, causing the bucket cylinder 6 to slowly rise and separate from the top of the slider 7. At the same time, the piston of the bucket cylinder 6... The rod extends slowly. During the extension of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6, the height of the jack 30 is finely adjusted until the through hole at the front end of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 6 is coaxial with the through hole at the hinge of the bucket connecting rod 15 and the stick connecting rod 19. The pin I 14 is inserted, and the front shovel fixing sleeve 18 of the bucket connecting rod 15 is connected. At this time, the bucket connecting rod 15, the stick connecting rod 19, the bucket body 17 and the bucket cylinder 6 are connected. The manual jack 30 is controlled to lower the U-shaped lifting frame 5 to the lowest position. The front shovel connection is completed, and the front shovel can be used for operation.

[0034] The operation process for backhoeing is similar to that described above and will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose boom for excavators, characterized in that, The machine includes a track and a fuselage. The track is mounted on the frame of the fuselage. The cab is located on one side of the fuselage, and the other side of the fuselage is hinged to one end of the boom. The upper part of the boom is connected to the fuselage via a first hydraulic rod. The top of the boom is hinged to the lower end of the stick via a pivot. The end of the stick is connected to the fuselage via a second hydraulic rod. The front end of the stick is connected to the bucket. A bucket cylinder support is provided at the rear end of the upper surface of the stick. The top of the bucket cylinder support is hinged to the cylinder body of the bucket cylinder. A slider system is installed on the upper surface of the stick at the front end of the bucket cylinder support. The front end of the slider system is connected to a gear system. When the bucket is rotated, the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the slider system; when operating in both forward and reverse shovel mode, the front end of the piston rod of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the bucket. The stick includes a housing and a stick shaft. The stick shaft is located inside the housing cavity and is rotatably connected to multiple bearing seats mounted on the side wall of the housing. The front end of the stick shaft extends to the outside of the housing and is hinged to the bucket. The slider system includes a bucket cylinder support, the bottom end of which is installed at the tail of the boom, the top of which is hinged to one end of the bucket cylinder, and the other end of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the top of the slider via pin II. The slider is slidably mounted on the slider track, which is fixedly mounted on the boom. The front end face of the slider is connected to one end of a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the gear system. There are two slider tracks, symmetrically installed on the upper surface of the stick. A front positioning block and an end positioning block are respectively provided at the front and rear end faces of the slider tracks. When the slider moves to the front positioning block, the movement stops. At this time, the stick shaft rotates 180° and the bucket body also rotates 180°. The bucket body opening faces upward and becomes a front shovel. The gear system includes a connecting flange, a drive shaft is mounted at the center of the connecting flange, and a vertical hinge rod is provided at the edge of the connecting flange. The hinge rod is hinged to the connecting rod on the slider system. The connecting flange is rotated by the extension and retraction of the connecting rod. The bottom end of the drive shaft passes through the top of the stick housing, and the part located inside the stick housing is connected to a drive bevel gear by a key. The drive bevel gear meshes with a driven bevel gear mounted on the stick shaft.

2. The excavator-specific dual-purpose boom and dipstick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell of the stick and the front and rear ends of the stick shaft are respectively provided with front through holes and rear through holes. The stick shaft positioning bolt I passes through the front through holes of the top of the outer shell, the stick shaft and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the stick shaft. The stick shaft positioning bolt II passes through the rear through holes of the top of the outer shell, the stick shaft and the bottom of the outer shell to fix the stick shaft.

3. The excavator-specific dual-purpose boom and dipstick according to claim 1, characterized in that: A jack is installed on the upper surface of the boom between the slider rail and the bucket cylinder support. A U-shaped lifting frame for supporting the bucket cylinder is provided at the top of the lifting rod of the jack.

4. The excavator-specific dual-purpose boom and dipstick according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bucket includes a bucket body. One side wall of the bucket body opening end is provided with shovel teeth, and the other side wall is provided with a hinge seat. The hinge seat is hinged to the stick shaft via a shaft. A backhoe fixing sleeve is provided on the upper side of the bucket body, and a front shovel fixing sleeve is provided on the inner wall of the bucket body below the hinge seat. The backhoe fixing sleeve or the front shovel fixing sleeve is hinged to one end of the bucket connecting rod via a pin. The other end of the bucket connecting rod is hinged to one end of the stick connecting rod via a pin I. The other end of the stick connecting rod is hinged to the outer part of the stick shaft.

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