An experimental system and method for simulating wheel-rail excitation of a motor train unit gear drive

Abstract

The application provides a motor train unit gear transmission experiment system and method under wheel-rail excitation. The experiment system comprises a gear transmission experiment table and an excitation device. The motor train unit gear transmission experiment table is used for carrying out gear transmission system no-load and load experiments under the action of the excitation device, and simulates the change of the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system in the wheel-rail excitation environment. The application can carry out basic experiments of the motor train unit gear transmission system, and can also simulate the wheel-rail excitation received by the gear transmission system during the operation of the motor train, and fills the gap of the experimental research in the field of the motor train transmission considering the wheel-rail excitation environment conditions in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear transmission technology, and in particular to an experimental system and method for simulating gear transmission in high-speed trains under wheel-rail excitation. Background Technology

[0002] The gear transmission system of a high-speed train is a key component and plays a crucial role in the safe operation of the train. During operation, the gear transmission system is subjected to external excitations such as wheel polygons and track irregularities, leading to an increased failure rate. Therefore, research on the gear transmission system of high-speed trains has practical engineering significance.

[0003] Currently, China has conducted extensive research on the gear transmission system of high-speed trains and achieved many results. The developed simulated gear transmission system can conduct no-load load tests, but it cannot simulate the wheel-rail excitation environment.

[0004] Therefore, developing an experimental system and method for simulating wheel-rail excitation in high-speed train gear transmission is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental system and method for simulating gear transmission in high-speed trains under wheel-rail excitation, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of this invention is as follows: a simulated wheel-rail excitation test system for gear transmission of a high-speed train, including a platform base plate, a gear transmission test bench, and an excitation device.

[0007] The gear transmission test bench includes a load motor and a drive motor arranged on both sides of the gear transmission system. A double cross-shaped universal coupling I and a bearing housing I are sequentially installed between the load motor and the gear transmission system. A lamellar coupling, a torque and speed sensor, a double cross-shaped universal coupling II, and a bearing housing II are sequentially installed between the drive motor and the gear transmission system.

[0008] The gear transmission test bench is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate. The excitation device is arranged below the platform base plate.

[0009] During operation, the drive motor transmits power to the gear transmission system. The torque and speed sensor collects the input and output vibration signals of the drive motor during operation. The load motor applies load torque to the gear transmission system. The excitation device uses a sinusoidal excitation with the required experimental frequency output along the vertical direction to strike the platform base plate, simulating the wheel-rail excitation experienced by the gear transmission system during train operation. The dynamic response and dynamic stress of the gear transmission system are collected.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes motor bracket I and motor bracket II. Both motor bracket I and motor bracket II are mounted on the upper surface of the platform base plate. The load motor is mounted on motor bracket I. The drive motor is mounted on motor bracket II.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a gear transmission system suspension device. The gear transmission system suspension device includes a suspension support frame, a hanger, and a connecting plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the bearing housing I includes guide sleeve I, guide post I, bearing housing I, M5 threaded hole, guide post II, guide sleeve II, bearing support plate I, spring I, spring limiting plate I, and M10 connecting rod I. The M5 threaded hole is used to install an acceleration sensor to collect vibration signals during the operation of the load motor and transmit the signals to the control system. The guide sleeve I, guide sleeve II, guide post I, and guide post II mechanism restricts the bearing housing to move only perpendicular to the test bench surface. The spring I is used to counteract the weight of the bearing housing and its load. The M10 threaded hole is used to connect the vibrator I.

[0013] Furthermore, the bearing housing II includes a guide sleeve III, a guide post III, the bearing housing II, an M5 threaded hole, a guide post IV, a guide sleeve IV, a bearing support plate II, a spring II, a spring limiting plate II, and an M10 connecting rod II. The M5 threaded hole is used to install an acceleration sensor to collect vibration signals during the operation of the load motor and transmit the signals to the control system. The guide sleeve III, guide sleeve IV, guide post III, and guide post IV mechanism restricts the bearing housing to move only perpendicular to the test bench surface. The spring II is used to counteract the weight of the bearing housing and its load. The M10 threaded hole is used to connect the vibrator II.

[0014] This invention also discloses an experimental method for simulating the no-load dynamic characteristics of a high-speed train gear transmission system under a wheel-rail excitation environment using the above-mentioned experimental system, comprising the following steps:

[0015] 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of each component are secure.

[0016] 2) Drive the gear transmission system at 50% of its rated speed for 10 minutes each in forward and reverse directions, observe the gear transmission system for any abnormal noises, and determine whether the gear transmission system is working properly.

[0017] 3) Install the sensors at the designated locations and check whether the signal acquisition of each sensor is normal.

[0018] 4) Start the excitation device.

[0019] 5) Start the drive motor, with the input shaft rotated counterclockwise, and gradually increase the motor speed to the required experimental speed. Start the load motor, with the rated load torque at zero.

[0020] 6) During the acceleration of the motor, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power of the gear transmission system.

[0021] 7) Start the drive motor, with the input shaft turned clockwise, and gradually increase the motor speed to the required experimental speed. Start the load motor, with the rated load torque at zero.

[0022] 8) During the acceleration of the motor, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power of the gear transmission system.

[0023] This invention also discloses an experimental method for simulating the load dynamic characteristics of a high-speed train gear transmission system under a wheel-rail excitation environment using the above-mentioned experimental system, comprising the following steps:

[0024] 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of each component are secure.

[0025] 2) Drive the gear transmission system at 50% of its rated speed for 10 minutes each in forward and reverse directions, observe the gear transmission system for any abnormal noises, and determine whether the gear transmission system is working properly.

[0026] 3) Install the sensors in the designated locations and check whether the signal acquisition of each sensor is normal.

[0027] 4) Start the exciter I and exciter II, and apply the frequency of the exciter to the frequency required for the experiment.

[0028] 5) Start the drive motor, with the input shaft rotating counterclockwise, maintaining the rated speed as required by the experiment. Start the load motor, which applies the required load torque to the gear transmission system.

[0029] 6) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power under different load torques.

[0030] 7) Start the drive motor, with the input shaft rotating clockwise, maintaining the rated speed as required by the experiment. Start the load motor, which applies the required load torque to the gear transmission system.

[0031] 8) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power under different load torques.

[0032] 9) Start the load motor with the input shaft rotated counterclockwise, maintaining the rated load torque as required by the experiment. Start the drive motor, which will gradually increase the load at the specified speed.

[0033] 10) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power at different speeds.

[0034] 11) Start the load motor with the input shaft turned clockwise, maintaining the rated load torque as required by the experiment. Start the drive motor, which will gradually increase the load at the specified speed.

[0035] 12) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power at different rotational speeds.

[0036] 13) Start the load motor with the input shaft turned counterclockwise. Under rated load, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, temperature, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power from system startup to stabilization.

[0037] 14) Start the load motor with the input shaft turned clockwise. Under rated load, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, temperature, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power from system startup to stabilization.

[0038] The technical effects of this invention are beyond doubt:

[0039] A. The system bearing housing is not fixed. When excited by the vibrator, the spring in the bearing housing causes the bearing housing to move together, which can more realistically simulate the working situation of the gear transmission system.

[0040] B. It can realistically simulate the wheel-rail excitation environment. By loading high-frequency excitation and random excitation through two exciters, it can simulate the service environment of the EMU gear transmission system under the action of wheel polygons and track irregularities.

[0041] C. It can not only conduct basic experiments on the gear transmission system of EMU, but also simulate the wheel-rail excitation of the gear transmission system when the EMU is running, filling the gap in experimental research on EMU transmission considering wheel-rail excitation environmental conditions in China. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is the main view of the experimental system;

[0043] Figure 2 Left view of the experimental system;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a top view of the experimental system;

[0045] Figure 4 Left view of bearing housing I;

[0046] Figure 5 Left view of bearing housing II;

[0047] Figure 6 This is the front view of the suspension rod.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Platform base plate; 2. Vibrator support plate I; 3. Vibrator I; 4. Load motor; 5. Motor bracket I; 6. Double cross-shaped universal coupling with spline I; 7. Bearing housing I; 8. Guide sleeve I 701; 9. Guide post I 702; 10. Bearing housing I 703; 11. M5 threaded hole 704; 12. Guide post II 705; 13. Guide sleeve II 706; 14. Bearing support plate I 707; 15. Spring I 708; 16. Spring limiting plate I 709; 17. M10 connecting rod I 710; 18. Gear transmission system 8; 19. Bearing housing II; 20. Guide sleeve III 901; 10. Guide post III 902; 10. Shaft Bearing seat II 903, M5 threaded hole 904, guide post IV 905, guide sleeve IV 906, bearing support plate II 907, spring II 908, spring limiting plate II 909, M10 connecting rod 910; gear transmission system suspension rod 10, suspension support frame 1001, rod 1002, connecting plate 1003, double cross universal coupling with spline II 11, torque and speed sensor 12, plum blossom coupling 13, drive motor 14, motor bracket II 15, vibrator II 16, vibrator support plate II 17. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed that the scope of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and common practices in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] See Figures 1-3 In order to conduct a more realistic study on the dynamic characteristics of the EMU gear transmission system under wheel-rail excitation environment, this embodiment provides an experimental system for simulating EMU gear transmission under wheel-rail excitation, including a platform base plate 1, a gear transmission experimental platform and an excitation device.

[0052] The gear transmission test bench includes a load motor 4 and a drive motor 14 arranged on both sides of the gear transmission system 8. A double cross-shaped splined universal coupling I6 and a bearing housing I7 are sequentially arranged between the load motor 4 and the gear transmission system 8. A plum blossom coupling 13, a torque and speed sensor 12, a double cross-shaped splined universal coupling II11 and a bearing housing II9 are sequentially arranged between the drive motor 14 and the gear transmission system 8.

[0053] The gear transmission test bench is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate 1. The excitation device is arranged below the platform base plate 1.

[0054] During operation, the drive motor 14 transmits power to the gear transmission system 8 via a lapel coupling 13 and a double cross-shaped splined universal coupling II 11. The torque and speed sensor 12 collects the vibration signals input and output by the drive motor 14 during operation via the lapel coupling 13. The load motor 4 applies load torque to the gear transmission system 8 via a double cross-shaped splined universal coupling I 6. The excitation device uses a sinusoidal excitation with the required experimental frequency output along the vertical direction, striking the platform base plate 1 to simulate the wheel-rail excitation received by the gear transmission system 8 during train operation. The dynamic response and dynamic stress of the gear transmission system 8 are collected.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] This embodiment has the same main structure as Embodiment 1, but also includes motor bracket I 5 and motor bracket II 15. Both motor bracket I 5 and motor bracket II 15 are mounted on the upper surface of the platform base plate 1. The load motor 4 is mounted on motor bracket I 5. The drive motor 14 is mounted on motor bracket II 15.

[0057] Example 3:

[0058] See Figure 6 The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that it also includes a gear transmission system suspension device 10. The gear transmission system suspension device 10 includes a suspension support frame 1001, a hanger rod 1001 and a connecting plate 1003. The gear transmission system 8 is connected to the suspension support frame 1001 through the connecting rod 1003. The suspension support frame 1001 is placed on the surface of the platform base plate 1, and the hanger rod 1002 is suspended from the suspension support frame 1001.

[0059] Example 4:

[0060] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1. The bearing housing I7 includes a guide sleeve I701, a guide post I702, a bearing housing body I703, several bearing support plates I707, a spring I708, a spring adjustment device I709, and a connecting rod I710.

[0061] The platform base plate 1 has a spring receiving hole at the bearing seat I7 location. The lower opening of the spring receiving hole is sealed by a spring adjusting device I709.

[0062] The bearing support plate I707 is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate 1. The plurality of bearing support plates I707 are arranged around the spring receiving hole. Each bearing support plate I707 is fixedly provided with a guide post I702.

[0063] An acceleration sensor is mounted on the upper surface of the bearing housing body I703 to collect vibration signals during the operation of the load motor 4 and transmit the signals to the control system. The bearing housing body I703 also has several holes corresponding to the positions of the guide posts I702. Guide sleeves I701 are installed in these holes. The bearing housing body I703 is positioned above the spring receiving holes. The guide posts I702 are inserted into the guide sleeves I701 to restrict the movement of the bearing housing body I703 to a direction perpendicular to the test bench surface.

[0064] The lower end of the connecting rod I710 is fixed to the excitation device, and the upper end passes through the spring adjusting device I709 and the spring receiving hole before being fixedly connected to the bearing housing body I703. The spring I708 is arranged in the spring receiving hole. The spring I708 is sleeved on the rod body of the connecting rod I710. The upper end of the spring I708 abuts against the bearing housing body I703, and the lower end abuts against the spring adjusting device I709. The spring I708 is used to counteract the weight of the bearing housing and its load.

[0065] The bearing housing II9 includes a guide sleeve II901, a guide post II902, a bearing housing body II903, several bearing support plates II907, a spring II908, a spring adjustment device II909, and a connecting rod II910.

[0066] The platform base plate 1 has a spring receiving hole at the bearing seat II9 location. The lower opening of the spring receiving hole is sealed by a spring limiting plate II909.

[0067] The bearing support plate II907 is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate 1. The plurality of bearing support plates II907 are arranged around the spring receiving hole. Each bearing support plate II907 is fixedly provided with a guide post II902.

[0068] The upper surface of the bearing housing body II 903 is provided with a threaded hole 904. The threaded hole 904 is used to install an acceleration sensor to collect vibration signals during the operation of the load motor 4 and transmit the signals to the control system. The bearing housing body II 903 also has several holes corresponding to the positions of the guide posts II 902. Guide sleeves II 901 are installed in the holes. The bearing housing body II 903 is arranged above the spring receiving hole. The guide posts II 902 are inserted into the guide sleeves II 901 to restrict the movement of the bearing housing body II 903 to be perpendicular to the test bench surface.

[0069] The lower end of the connecting rod II 910 is fixed to the excitation device, and the upper end passes through the spring limiting plate II 909 and the spring receiving hole before being fixedly connected to the bearing seat body II 903. The spring II 908 is arranged in the spring receiving hole. The spring II 908 is sleeved on the rod body of the connecting rod II 910. The upper end of the spring II 908 abuts against the bearing seat body II 903, and the lower end abuts against the spring limiting plate II 909. The spring II 908 is used to counteract the weight of the bearing seat and its load.

[0070] Example 5:

[0071] This embodiment provides an experimental method for simulating the no-load dynamic characteristics of a gear transmission system under a simulated wheel-rail excitation environment using the experimental system described in Embodiment 4, including the following steps:

[0072] 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of each component are secure.

[0073] 2) Debug the gear test bench, power on the drive motor 14, drive the gear transmission system to idle in both forward and reverse directions for 10 minutes each at 50% of the rated speed, observe whether there are any abnormal noises in the gear transmission system, and determine whether the gear transmission system is working properly.

[0074] 3) A temperature sensor is installed at the oil tank of the gear transmission system 8. An acceleration sensor is installed at the top of the boom, the boom seat of the gear transmission system, the bearing seat of the high-speed shaft, and the bearing seat of the low-speed shaft. An acceleration sensor is installed at the large end cover at the front end of the drive motor 14. A stress-strain sensor is installed at the specified position of the gear transmission system 8. A current sensor and a voltage sensor are installed at the specified positions of the drive motor 14 and the load motor 4.

[0075] 4) Start the exciter I3 and exciter II16 and increase their frequencies to the required experimental frequencies.

[0076] 5) Start the drive motor 14, set the input shaft to counterclockwise, and gradually increase the speed of the drive motor 14 to the speed required for the experiment. Start the load motor 4 and set the rated load torque of the load motor 4 to zero.

[0077] 6) During the acceleration of the drive motor 14, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8.

[0078] 7) Start the drive motor 14, set the input shaft to clockwise, and gradually increase the speed of the drive motor 14 to the speed required for the experiment. Start the load motor 4 and set the rated load torque of the load motor to zero.

[0079] 8) During the acceleration of the drive motor 14, record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, and motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8.

[0080] 9) Shut down the equipment according to the operating procedures.

[0081] Example 6:

[0082] This embodiment provides an experimental method for simulating the no-load dynamic characteristics of a gear transmission system under a simulated wheel-rail excitation environment using the experimental system described in Embodiment 4, including the following steps:

[0083] 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of each component are secure.

[0084] 2) Debug the gear test bench, power on the drive motor 14, drive the gear transmission system to idle in both forward and reverse directions for 10 minutes each at 50% of the rated speed, observe whether there are any abnormal noises in the gear transmission system, and determine whether the gear transmission system is working properly.

[0085] 3) A temperature sensor is installed at the oil tank of the gear transmission system 8. An acceleration sensor is installed at the top of the boom, the boom seat of the gear transmission system, the bearing seat of the high-speed shaft, and the bearing seat of the low-speed shaft. An acceleration sensor is installed at the large end cover at the front end of the drive motor 14. A stress-strain sensor is installed at the specified position of the gear transmission system 8. A current sensor and a voltage sensor are installed at the specified positions of the drive motor 14 and the load motor 4.

[0086] 4) Start the exciter I3 and exciter II16 and increase their frequencies to the required experimental frequencies.

[0087] 5) Start the drive motor 14, set the input shaft to counterclockwise, and keep the rated speed of the drive motor 14 constant according to the experimental requirements. Start the load motor 4, and load the load torque required for the experiment onto the gear transmission system 8.

[0088] 6) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8 under different load torques.

[0089] 7) Start the drive motor 14, set the input shaft to clockwise, and keep the rated speed of the drive motor 14 constant according to the experimental requirements. Start the load motor 4, and load the load torque required for the experiment onto the gear transmission system 8.

[0090] 8) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8 under different load torques.

[0091] 9) Start the load motor 4, set the input shaft to counterclockwise, and keep the rated load torque of the load motor 4 unchanged according to the experimental requirements. Start the drive motor 14, and the drive motor 14 will operate at the specified speed step by step.

[0092] 10) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8 under different load torques.

[0093] 11) Start the load motor 4, set the input shaft to counterclockwise, and keep the rated load torque of the load motor 4 unchanged according to the experimental requirements. Start the drive motor 14, and drive motor 14 will operate at the specified speed in stages.

[0094] 12) Record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, stress, noise, motor voltage, current, and power of the gear transmission system 8 under different load torques.

[0095] 13) Start the load motor 4, set the input shaft to counterclockwise, set the load motor 4 to the rated load, and record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, temperature, stress, noise, motor voltage, current and power of the gear transmission system 8 from startup to stability.

[0096] 14) Start the load motor 4, set the input shaft to clockwise, set the load motor 4 to the rated load, and record the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement, temperature, stress, noise, motor voltage, current and power of the gear transmission system 8 from startup to stability.

[0097] 15) Shut down the equipment according to the operating procedures.

Claims

1. An experimental system for simulating gear transmission in a high-speed train under wheel-rail excitation, characterized in that: Includes platform base plate (1), gear transmission test bench and excitation device; The gear transmission test bench includes a load motor (4) and a drive motor (14) arranged on both sides of the gear transmission system (8); a double cross-shaped spline universal coupling I (6) and a bearing seat I (7) are arranged in sequence between the load motor (4) and the gear transmission system (8); a plum blossom coupling (13), a torque and speed sensor (12), a double cross-shaped spline universal coupling II (11) and a bearing seat II (9) are arranged in sequence between the drive motor (14) and the gear transmission system (8). The gear transmission test bench is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate (1); the excitation device is arranged below the platform base plate (1); The bearing housing I (7) includes a guide sleeve I (701), a guide post I (702), a bearing housing body I (703), several bearing support plates I (707), a spring I (708), a spring adjustment device I (709), and a connecting rod I (710); The platform base plate (1) is provided with a spring receiving hole at the bearing seat I (7) location; the lower opening of the spring receiving hole is sealed by a spring adjusting device I (709); The bearing support plate I (707) is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate (1); the plurality of bearing support plates I (707) are arranged around the spring receiving hole; each bearing support plate I (707) is fixedly provided with a guide post I (702); An acceleration sensor is installed on the upper surface of the bearing housing body I (703) to collect vibration signals during the operation of the load motor (4) and transmit the signals to the control system; the bearing housing body I (703) also has several holes corresponding to the positions of the guide post I (702); a guide sleeve I (701) is provided in the holes; the bearing housing body I (703) is arranged above the spring receiving hole; the guide post I (702) is inserted into the guide sleeve I (701); The lower end of the connecting rod I (710) is fixed to the excitation device, and the upper end passes through the spring adjustment device I (709) and the spring receiving hole and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat body I (703); the spring I (708) is arranged in the spring receiving hole; the spring I (708) is sleeved on the rod body of the connecting rod I (710); the upper end of the spring I (708) abuts against the bearing seat body I (703), and the lower end abuts against the spring adjustment device I (709); During operation, the drive motor (14) transmits power to the gear transmission system (8) through the plum blossom coupling (13) and the double cross-shaped spline universal coupling II (11); the torque and speed sensor (12) collects the vibration signals input and output of the drive motor (14) during operation through the plum blossom coupling (13); the load motor (4) applies the load torque to the gear transmission system (8) through the double cross-shaped spline universal coupling I (6); the excitation device uses the experimentally required frequency output sinusoidal excitation along the vertical direction to strike the platform base plate (1) to simulate the wheel-rail excitation of the gear transmission system (8) during train operation; and collects the dynamic response and dynamic stress of the gear transmission system (8).

2. The experimental system for simulating gear transmission of a high-speed train under wheel-rail excitation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes motor bracket I (5) and motor bracket II (15); both motor bracket I (5) and motor bracket II (15) are installed on the upper surface of the platform base plate (1); The load motor (4) is mounted on motor bracket I (5); the drive motor (14) is mounted on motor bracket II (15).

3. The experimental system for simulating gear transmission of a high-speed train under wheel-rail excitation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a gear transmission system suspension device (10); the gear transmission system suspension device (10) includes a suspension support frame (1001), a hanger (1002) and a connecting plate (1003); the suspension support frame (1001) is a portal frame; the suspension support frame (1001) includes a crossbeam and two columns; the suspension support frame (1001) is placed on the surface of the platform base plate (1); the hanger (1002) is suspended below the crossbeam; the connecting plate (1003) is fixedly connected to the hanger (1002); the gear transmission system (8) rests on the connecting plate (1003).

4. The experimental system for simulating gear transmission of a high-speed train under wheel-rail excitation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing housing II (9) includes a guide sleeve II (901), a guide post II (902), a bearing housing body II (903), several bearing support plates II (907), a spring II (908), a spring limiting plate II (909), and a connecting rod II (910). The platform base plate (1) is provided with a spring receiving hole at the bearing seat II (9) location; the lower opening of the spring receiving hole is sealed by a spring limiting plate II (909); The bearing support plate II (907) is arranged on the upper surface of the platform base plate (1); the plurality of bearing support plates II (907) are arranged around the spring receiving hole; each bearing support plate II (907) is fixedly provided with a guide post II (902); The upper surface of the bearing housing body II (903) is provided with a threaded hole (904); the threaded hole (904) is used to install an acceleration sensor to collect the vibration signal of the load motor (4) during operation and transmit the signal to the control system; the bearing housing body II (903) also has several holes corresponding to the positions of the guide post II (902); the guide sleeve II (901) is provided in the holes; the bearing housing body II (903) is arranged above the spring receiving hole; the guide post II (902) is inserted into the guide sleeve II (901); The lower end of the connecting rod II (910) is fixed to the excitation device, and the upper end passes through the spring limiting plate II (909) and the spring receiving hole and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat body II (903); the spring II (908) is arranged in the spring receiving hole; the spring II (908) is sleeved on the rod body of the connecting rod II (910); the upper end of the spring II (908) abuts against the bearing seat body II (903), and the lower end abuts against the spring limiting plate II (909).

5. An experimental method for the no-load dynamic characteristics of a high-speed train gear transmission system under simulated wheel-rail excitation environment using the experimental system described in claim 1, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of all components are secure; 2) Drive the gear transmission system (8) at 50% rated speed for 10 minutes each in forward and reverse directions, observe whether there is any abnormal noise in the gear transmission system (8), and determine whether the gear transmission system (8) is working normally; 3) Install the sensors at the designated locations and check whether the signal acquisition of each sensor is normal; 4) Start the excitation device; 5) Start the drive motor (14) so ​​that the output shaft of the drive motor (14) drives the gear transmission system (8) to rotate counterclockwise; gradually increase the speed of the drive motor (14) to the experimental requirements; start the load motor (4) with the rated load torque being zero; 6) During the acceleration process of the drive motor (14), record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 7) Start the drive motor (14) so ​​that the output shaft of the drive motor (14) drives the gear transmission system (8) to rotate clockwise; gradually increase the speed of the drive motor (14) to the experimental requirements; start the load motor (4); set the rated load torque of the load motor (4) to zero; 8) During the acceleration of the drive motor (14), record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8).

6. An experimental method for simulating the load dynamic characteristics of a gear transmission system of a high-speed train under wheel-rail excitation environment using the experimental system described in claim 1, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: 1) Connect and inspect the experimental equipment to ensure that the connections of all components are secure; 2) Drive the gear transmission system (8) at 50% rated speed for 10 minutes each in forward and reverse directions, observe whether there is any abnormal noise in the gear transmission system (8), and determine whether the gear transmission system (8) is working normally; 3) Install the sensors in the designated locations and check whether the signal acquisition of each sensor is normal; 4) Start the excitation device; apply the frequency of the excitation device to the frequency required for the experiment; 5) Start the drive motor (14) so ​​that the output shaft of the drive motor (14) drives the gear transmission system (8) to rotate counterclockwise; keep the rated speed unchanged according to the experimental requirements; start the load motor (4); load the load motor (4) to load the load torque required by the experiment onto the gear transmission system (8); 6) Record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power under different load torques, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 7) Start the drive motor (14) so ​​that the output shaft of the drive motor (14) drives the gear transmission system (8) to rotate clockwise; keep the rated speed unchanged as required by the experiment. Start the load motor (4); the load motor (4) applies the required load torque to the gear transmission system (8); 8) Record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power under different load torques, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 9) Start the load motor (4), set the input shaft to counterclockwise, and keep the rated load torque unchanged as required by the experiment; Start the drive motor (14), and the drive motor (14) will run at the specified speed step by step; 10) Record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power at different speeds, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 11) Start the load motor (4), set the input shaft to clockwise, and keep the rated load torque unchanged as required by the experiment; Start the drive motor (14), and the drive motor (14) will run at the specified speed step by step; 12) Record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power at different speeds, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 13) Start the load motor (4) and set the input shaft to counterclockwise; Set the load motor (4) under rated load; record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power from system startup to stability, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8); 14) Start the load motor (4) and set the input shaft to clockwise; set the load motor (4) to the rated load; record the noise, motor voltage, motor current and motor power of the system from startup to stability, as well as the vibration acceleration, vibration displacement and stress of the gear transmission system (8).

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