A method for solving the occurrence of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field

Abstract

The application discloses a method for solving structure surface occurrence without external magnetic field interference. The method comprises the following steps: step one, obtaining basic data: obtaining the coordinates and elevation of three points on the target structure surface by using a professional measuring method without external magnetic field interference, the three points are not collinear; step two, judging whether the elevations of the three points A, B and C are all equal, if yes, the structure surface is horizontal; step three, under the condition that the elevations of the three points A, B and C are not all equal, the coordinates of two points with equal elevations on the structure surface are solved, the strike line is determined, and the strike of the structure surface is obtained; step four, under the condition that the elevations of the three points A, B and C are not all equal, the dip angle of the structure surface is solved; step five, the dip direction of the inclined structure surface is solved; step six, the structure surface occurrence solving process is simplified, and a structure surface occurrence solving method convenient for application is obtained. The method has the advantages of not being interfered by external magnetic field, high applicability, high precision, and convenience and rapidness.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological survey, in particular to a method for solving the occurrence of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field, more particularly to a method for quickly solving the occurrence of geological structural plane based on mathematical reasoning and using the measurement data of three points on the structural plane. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the method for obtaining the occurrence of structural plane in geological survey is mainly to use the geological compass for measurement, which is also the commonly used method for obtaining the occurrence of structural plane. However, this method has great shortcomings in application. The basic principle of the measurement of azimuth angle by the geological compass is that the horizontally placed free rotating magnetic needle stops rotating under the action of the geomagnetic field, and the south and north pointers are always directed to the south and north poles of the geomagnetic field, respectively. However, when the geological compass is interfered by external magnetic field, the magnetic needle is deviated from the south and north directions of the geomagnetic field due to the additional magnetic force, which leads to inaccurate measurement of azimuth angle and large error, so that the measurement cannot be carried out. With the progress of science and technology, in recent years, the electronic compass is gradually used to replace the geological compass to measure the occurrence of structural plane. The electronic compass also measures the azimuth angle by sensing the geomagnetic field, and the measured azimuth angle is also inaccurate due to the interference of external magnetic field. The external magnetic field includes the relatively complex magnetic field generated by the magnetic metal objects (such as steel bars, anchor rods, steel arches, engineering vehicles, excavators, etc.) in the tunnel during construction, the electromagnetic field generated by the power transmission and transformation equipment such as power lines and transformers, and the magnetic field generated by the rock layer containing magnetic minerals (such as magnetite, magnetite, hematite, etc.).

[0003] In addition, the method for obtaining the occurrence of structural plane also includes the traditional "adjacent contour method" and "three-dimensional modeling method". The traditional "adjacent contour method" needs to use topographic map and geological survey information, and solves the problem by drawing a right triangle (i.e., the geological survey is carried out in the field, the geological survey map is drawn on the topographic map, and the right triangle is drawn on the map to solve the problem). The field work is large, the solving is complex, and the time is long. The "three-dimensional modeling method" needs to use three-dimensional modeling software to establish a three-dimensional geological model for solving the problem. The hardware configuration required by the three-dimensional modeling software is relatively high, and the operation and use of the software are also difficult. Many geological professionals do not know how to use the three-dimensional modeling software. For these people, the "three-dimensional modeling method" is not applicable. The solving process of the "three-dimensional modeling method" has certain deficiencies, such as not testing the validity of the three points (i.e., not testing whether the three points are not collinear. If the three points are not collinear, the three points are valid, otherwise the three points are invalid, and the occurrence of structural plane cannot be solved), and the solving method is not applicable to the horizontal and vertical cases of the structural plane.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fast and universal method for solving the occurrence of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for solving the occurrence of a structural plane which is not disturbed by external magnetic fields, a method for quickly solving the occurrence of a structural plane which is not disturbed by external magnetic fields and has universal applicability, is highly applicable, highly accurate, has small errors, is simple and fast, solves the problems of poor applicability and insufficient rigor in the solving process of existing methods, and the large azimuth error of the measurement method of a geological compass (or electronic compass) under the influence of external magnetic fields, which makes it impossible to measure.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present application is as follows: a method for solving the occurrence of a structural plane which is not disturbed by external magnetic fields, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Obtain basic data: use a professional measurement method which is not disturbed by external magnetic fields to obtain the coordinates and elevations of three points on the target structural plane, and the conditions must be met: the three points are not collinear; the numbering of the three points is A, B and C, and the elevation relationship is: the elevation of point A is greater than or equal to the elevation of point B, and the elevation of point B is greater than or equal to the elevation of point C (i.e. h A ≥ h B ≥ h C ); connect CB, CA and BA to form a triangle ABC;

[0008] Step 2: Determine whether the elevations of points A, B and C are all equal, if they are all equal, i.e. h A = h B = h C , then the structural plane is horizontal;

[0009] Step 3: In the case where the elevations of points A, B and C are not all equal, the coordinates of two points on the structural plane with equal elevations are solved through rigorous mathematical reasoning, the strike line is determined, and the strike of the structural plane is obtained;

[0010] Step 4: In the case where the elevations of points A, B and C are not all equal, the dip angle of the structural plane is solved through rigorous mathematical reasoning;

[0011] Step 5: The dip direction of the inclined structural plane is solved through rigorous mathematical reasoning;

[0012] Step 6: Simplify the above-mentioned solving process of the occurrence of a structural plane (i.e. remove the reasoning process, retain the result formula and its application conditions and settings), and obtain a convenient application method for solving the occurrence of a structural plane.

[0013] In the above technical solution, the professional measurement method which is not disturbed by external magnetic fields includes the level method, the theodolite method and the total station method. However, the GPS method and the like are easily disturbed by external magnetic fields and cannot be used.

[0014] In the above technical solution, in step one, the inspection condition formula that three points on the target structure surface are not collinear is established, and the specific method is:

[0015] Let the coordinates and elevation of point A be x A (horizontal), y A (vertical), and h A , the coordinates and elevation of point B be x B (horizontal), y B (vertical), and h B , and the coordinates and elevation of point C be x C (horizontal), y C (vertical), and h C , and satisfy the elevation relationship: h A ≥ h B ≥ h C .

[0016] The inspection condition formula that three points are not collinear is derived:

[0017] Using vector correlation knowledge, vector CB = (x B -x C , y B -y C , h B -h C ), vector CA = (x A -x C , y A -y C , h A -h C ), and vector BA = (x A -x B , y A -y B , h A -h B ), then:

[0018] The length of vector CB

[0019] The length of vector CA

[0020] The length of vector BA

[0021] According to the principles of triangle and mathematical proof, the necessary and sufficient condition that points A, B, and C are not collinear is: a1 < a2 + a3, and a2 < a1 + a3, and a3 < a1 + a2 (1)

[0022] The length of vectors CB, CA and BA is checked by formula (1). When the length of vectors CB, CA and BA satisfies the condition of formula (1), the three points A, B and C are not collinear, the three points A, B and C are valid, and the next step is entered. When the length of vectors CB, CA and BA does not satisfy the condition of formula (1), the three points are collinear, the three points A, B and C are invalid, and step one is repeated to obtain different three points on the structural plane, the coordinates and elevations of the three points are obtained, and the three points are obtained until the three points satisfy the condition of formula (1).

[0023] In the above technical solution, in step two, the occurrence of the structural plane under the condition that the elevations of the three points A, B and C are all equal is solved, and the specific method is:

[0024] It is judged whether the elevations of the three points A, B and C are all equal, that is, whether h A B C is established. Since h A ≥h B ≥h C , that is, it is judged whether h A C is established.

[0025] Let the inclination of the structural plane be α.

[0026] If the elevations of the three points A, B and C are all equal, that is, h A B C is established, that is, h A C , then the plane ABC is horizontal, that is, the structural plane is horizontal, and the inclination of the structural plane α=0.

[0027] In the above technical solution, in step three, the strike of the structural plane under the condition that the elevations of the three points are not all equal is solved, and the specific method is:

[0028] The elevations of the three points A, B and C are not all equal, and it can be deduced from the condition that h A >h C (by contradiction, if h A ≤h C , then h A B C , or h A <h C , which is contrary to the condition set in advance, so h A >h C is established), then h A -h C ≠0.

[0029] In three-dimensional space, for example Figure 3 ​​​​​​​​As shown, AC, on the segment AC point D, set the coordinates of point D: x D (Transverse), y D (Vertical), elevation h D , so Then according to the conditions can be deduced

[0030] Then

[0031] Then h D =h B

[0032] Thus, h D =h B , that is, the elevation of point D and point B two points are equal, then the straight line BD is the strike line of the structure surface ABC, wherein:

[0033] The coordinates and elevation of point B are: x B , y B and h B

[0034] The coordinates and elevation of point D are: and h B The coordinates of point B and point D on the strike line are solved, and the strike azimuth is easily obtained.

[0035] The specific method for obtaining the strike azimuth of the structure surface is:

[0036] The point B and point D can be drawn in the two-dimensional coordinate system according to the coordinates by using drawing software such as CAD, and the azimuth of the straight line BD extended at both ends is measured according to the measurement function of the software, that is, the strike azimuth of the structure surface. In addition, the strike azimuth can also be obtained by using the related knowledge of trigonometric functions, two-dimensional coordinate system and azimuth, according to the coordinates of point B and point D.

[0037] In the above technical solution, in step four, the specific method for solving the inclination of the structure surface under the condition that the elevations of three points are not equal is:

[0038] Since points A, B and C are not collinear, points B and D are not coincident, and h D =h B , then x B -x D ≠0 or y B -y D ≠0;

[0039] On the basis of Figure 3 Further auxiliary lines and points are drawn, such as Figure 4As shown, draw a horizontal plane m through point C. Let H be the foot of the perpendicular from point A to the horizontal plane m. Draw a straight line through point C parallel to BD. This straight line lies on the horizontal plane m and is the orientation line of the structural surface passing through point C. Draw HI through point H perpendicular to the orientation line of the structural surface passing through point C and intersect at point I. Connect AI. Then ∠AIH is the inclination angle of the structural surface, i.e., let ∠AIH = α.

[0040] Let the apparent tilt angle of the structural plane on the vertical plane AHC be γ, and the angle between the azimuth line HC of the straight line AC and the direction line CI of the structural plane be β. Then ∠ACH=γ, ∠HCI=β.

[0041] From the given conditions, we can deduce that cotα = sinβcotγ

[0042] but Where sinβ≥0

[0043] but

[0044] In equation (2), 0 < α ≤ 90°;

[0045] Since DB∥CI, then β is equal to the angle between plane vector CH and plane vector DB;

[0046] Furthermore, the planar vector CH in the horizontal plane = (x A -x C y A -y C ), Plane vector DB = (x B -x D y B -y D )

[0047] According to the formula for the angle between vectors, we can obtain:

[0048]

[0049] In formula (3) That is, x A -x C ≠0 or y A -y C ≠0;

[0050] Since ∠AHC=90°, then

[0051] Substituting formulas (3) and (4) into formula (2) yields the inclination angle α of the structural surface, where x must satisfy... A -x C ≠0 or y A -y C ≠0;

[0052] When xA -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0, the solving method of the structural plane inclination angle is as follows:

[0053] When x A -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0, the point H and the point C coincide, since AH is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the straight line AH is on the structural plane, the structural plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, that is, the structural plane is vertical, and the structural plane inclination angle α is equal to 90°.

[0054] In the above technical solution, in step five, the inclination of the inclined structural plane is solved, and the specific method is as follows:

[0055] When the structural plane is inclined, that is, when 0 < α < 90°, in Figure 4 , the direction of the vector is the inclination direction of the structural plane, that is, the inclination of the structural plane;

[0056] The projection point H of the point A and the strike line passing through the point C can be made in the two-dimensional plane coordinate system passing through the point C by using a drawing software such as CAD, HI is perpendicular to the strike line passing through the point C and intersects at the point I (as shown in Figure 5 ), then the direction of the horizontal plane vector is the inclination of the structural plane, and the azimuth of the horizontal plane vector is the inclination azimuth of the structural plane according to the measurement function of the software; in addition, the inclination azimuth can also be solved by using the definition that the angle between the strike and the inclination is 90°.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present application has obvious advantages, which are embodied in the following four points:

[0058] (1) Strong applicability; the solving method of the present application has universality, which is applicable whether there is external magnetic field interference or not; the solving method and means are simple, and most geology professionals can use it; it is applicable not only to inclined structural planes, but also to horizontal and vertical structural planes;

[0059] (2) High-precision basic data can be obtained in the field by using professional measuring equipment, and the precision of the solving result is high;

[0060] (3) The solving process is rigorous and meticulous; in the solving process, various conditions of three points on the structural plane are considered (including two conditions that the elevations of the three points are all equal and not all equal), and the test condition formula (i.e. formula (1)) of the three points not being collinear (the prerequisite condition for solving) is innovatively proposed;

[0061] (4)Simplify the solving process, and solve by computer programming and computer calculation, so as to be convenient for application and fast solving. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 The structural plane occurrence solving flowchart of the present application.

[0063] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the triangle obtained by three points in step one of the present application.

[0064] Figure 3 The structural diagram of the point D on the segment AC in step three of the present application.

[0065] Figure 4 The structural diagram of the auxiliary line and point in step four of the present application.

[0066] Figure 5 The structural diagram of the HI perpendicular to the strike line through the point C and intersecting at the point I in step five of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but they do not constitute limitations on the present application, and are only examples. Meanwhile, the advantages of the present application are made more clear and easy to understand through the description.

[0068] In the present application, the external magnetic field specifically refers to other magnetic fields except the geomagnetic field; the structural plane is a kind of geological interface, and the common structural planes include rock layer plane, fissure plane, fault plane and the like. The structural plane generally has a certain degree of fluctuation, and there is no absolutely flat structural plane. In order to facilitate analysis and research, the structural plane is set to be flat and planar.

[0069] The traditional three elements of structural plane occurrence are strike, dip direction and dip angle, but actually only the occurrence of the inclined structural plane has the three elements. Therefore, the present application specifies that: except for the horizontal and vertical structural planes, the occurrence of all inclined structural planes is represented by the three elements of strike, dip direction and dip angle; the occurrence of the horizontal structural plane can be represented by one element of dip angle, and the dip angle is 0; the occurrence of the vertical structural plane can be represented by two elements of strike and dip angle, and the dip angle is 90°; the intersection line of the inclined and vertical structural plane and any horizontal plane is the strike line, that is, the connecting line of two points with the same elevation on the same structural plane, and the direction of the extension of the two ends of the strike line is the strike of the structural plane; the straight line drawn downward along the inclined structural plane and perpendicular to the strike line is the inclined line of the structural plane, and the inclined direction of the horizontal projection line of the inclined line is the dip direction of the structural plane, and the angle between the dip direction and the strike is 90°.

[0070] The flowchart of the present application is shown in Figure 1 For the present application, the specific operation steps are as follows:

[0071] (1) Obtain basic data;

[0072] Using professional measurement methods (such as level method, theodolite method, total station method, etc.) that are not disturbed by external magnetic field, measure the coordinates and elevation of three points on the target structure surface, and need to meet the condition: three points are not collinear.

[0073] Number the three points, and let the numbers be A, B, and C, where the coordinates and elevation of point A are: x A (horizontal), y A (vertical), and h A , the coordinates and elevation of point B are: x B (horizontal), y B (vertical), and h B , and the coordinates and elevation of point C are: x C (horizontal), y C (vertical), and h C , and meet the elevation relationship: h A ≥ h B ≥ h C .

[0074] Connect CB, CA, and BA to form triangle ABC (as shown in Figure 2 ).

[0075] Derive the test condition formula for three points not being collinear:

[0076] Using vector correlation knowledge, vector CB = (x B -x C , y B -y C , h B -h C ), vector CA = (x A -x C , y A -y C , h A -h C ), and vector BA = (x A -x B , y A -y B , h A -h B ), then:

[0077] The length of vector CB is

[0078] The length of vector CA is

[0079] The length of vector BA is

[0080] According to the relevant principles of triangles and mathematical proof by contradiction, the necessary and sufficient condition for points A, B and C to be non-collinear is: a1 < a2 + a3, a2 < a1 + a3, and a3 < a1 + a2 (1)

[0081] By checking condition (1), if the condition is met, the three points are not collinear and the three points are valid; if the condition is not met, the three points are collinear and the three points are invalid. It is necessary to take three different points on the structural surface and obtain the coordinates and elevations of the three points until condition (1) is met.

[0082] (2) Solve for the attitude of the structural surface when the three points have the same elevation;

[0083] To determine whether the elevations of points A, B, and C are all equal, we need to determine the h. A =h B =h C Whether it is true or not depends on h A ≥h B ≥h C That is, to determine h A =h C Whether it is valid or not.

[0084] Let the inclination angle of the structural surface be α.

[0085] If the elevations of points A, B, and C are all equal, i.e., h A =h B =h C Established, that is, h A =h C If plane ABC is horizontal, then the structural plane is horizontal and the inclination angle of the structural plane is α = 0.

[0086] (3) Determine the orientation of the structural surface when the three points are not all equal;

[0087] The elevations of points A, B, and C are not all equal. From the given conditions, we can deduce that h A >h C Then h A -h C ≠0.

[0088] In three-dimensional space, such as Figure 3 As shown, connect AC, and construct point D on line segment AC (let the coordinates of point D be x, y, y). D (horizontal), y D (Vertical), elevation h D ),make Based on the conditions, it can be deduced that

[0089] but

[0090] but hD =h B

[0091] If points D and B have the same elevation, then line BD is the orientation line of structural plane ABC, where:

[0092] The coordinates and elevation of point B are: x B y B and h B

[0093] The coordinates and elevation of point D are as follows: and h B

[0094] Once the coordinates of two points (points B and D) on the path are determined, the azimuth of the path can be easily obtained.

[0095] You can use drawing software, such as CAD, to construct points B and D in a two-dimensional plane coordinate system based on their coordinates. Then, using the software's measurement function, you can measure the azimuth angles of the extensions at both ends of line BD, which is the orientation azimuth angle of the structural surface. Alternatively, you can use trigonometric functions, two-dimensional coordinate systems, and knowledge of azimuth angles to calculate the orientation azimuth angle based on the coordinates of points B and D.

[0096] (4) Solve for the inclination angle of the structural surface when the three points are not all equal;

[0097] Since points A, B, and C are not collinear, points B and D do not coincide. Also, h... D =h B Then x B -x D ≠0 or y B -y D ≠0.

[0098] exist Figure 3 Based on this, draw further auxiliary lines and points, such as Figure 4 As shown, draw a horizontal plane m through point C. Let H be the foot of the perpendicular from point A to the horizontal plane m. Draw a straight line through point C parallel to BD. This straight line lies on the horizontal plane m and is the orientation line of the structural surface passing through point C. Draw HI through point H perpendicular to this orientation line and intersect it at point I. Connect AI. Then ∠AIH is the inclination angle of the structural surface, i.e., ∠AIH = α.

[0099] Let the apparent tilt angle of the structural plane on the vertical plane AHC be γ, and the angle between the azimuth line HC of the straight line AC and the direction line CI of the structural plane be β. Then ∠ACH=γ, ∠HCI=β.

[0100] Based on solid geometry, we can deduce from the given conditions that...

[0101] but where sin β ≥ 0

[0102] then

[0103] where in formula (2), 0 < α ≤ 90°.

[0104] Since DB∥CI, β is equal to the angle between the plane vector CH and the plane vector DB;

[0105] Also, the plane vector CH = (x A -x C , y A -y C ) in the horizontal plane, and the plane vector DB = (x B -x D , y B -y D )

[0106] According to the vector angle formula, we have:

[0107]

[0108] In formula (3), x A -x C ≠ 0 or y A -y C ≠ 0 Since ∠AHC = 90°, we have:

[0109] Substitute formula (3) and formula (4) into formula (2) to obtain the structural surface inclination angle α, where x A -x C ≠ 0 or y A -y C ≠ 0.

[0110] The following is the derivation of the structural surface inclination angle under the condition that x A -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0:

[0111] When x A -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0, point H and point C coincide, since AH is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the straight line AH is on the structural surface, the structural surface is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, that is, the structural surface is vertical, and the structural surface inclination angle α is equal to 90°.

[0112] (5) Solve the inclination of the inclined structural surface;

[0113]

[0114] ​When the structural plane is tilted, i.e., when 0 < α < 90°, in Figure 4 In, vector HI The direction is the tilt direction of the structural surface, that is, the inclination of the structural surface.

[0115] Using drawing software, such as CAD, in a two-dimensional plane coordinate system passing through point C, construct the projection point H of point A and the traverse line passing through point C. Then, construct HI perpendicular to the traverse line passing through point C and intersecting it at point I (e.g., ...). Figure 5 As shown), then the plane vector in the horizontal plane The direction is the dip of the structural plane. The plane vector is measured using the software's measurement function. The azimuth angle is the dip azimuth angle of the structural surface; alternatively, the dip azimuth angle can be calculated using the definition that "the angle between the strike and dip is 90°".

[0116] (6) Simplify the solution process for the attitude of structural planes;

[0117] The solution process for the above structural plane orientation is simplified to make it more concise, easier to apply, and easier to program in computer languages. The simplified solution process is as follows:

[0118] (61) Obtain basic data

[0119] Using a professional measurement method unaffected by external magnetic fields, the coordinates and elevations of three points on the target structure surface are obtained, provided that the three points are not collinear. The three points are numbered (let's call them A, B, and C), where the coordinates and elevation of point A are: x A (horizontal), y A (vertical), h A The coordinates and elevation of point B are x. B (horizontal), y B (vertical), h B The coordinates and elevation of point C are x C (horizontal), y C (vertical), h C And satisfy the elevation relationship: h A ≥h B ≥h C The coordinates and elevations of all points are in meters.

[0120] Length of line segment CB

[0121] Length of line segment CA

[0122] Length of line segment BA

[0123] The units for a1, a2, and a3 are all meters.

[0124] The test condition formula of three points not collinear:

[0125] a1 < a2 + a3, and a2 < a1 + a3, and a3 < a1 + a2 (1)

[0126] By testing the condition formula (1), if the condition is met, the three points are not collinear, and the three points are valid. If the condition is not met, the three points are collinear, and the three points are invalid. Different three points need to be taken on the structural surface to obtain the coordinates and elevations of the three points until the condition formula (1) is met.

[0127] (62) Solve h A = h C When the structural surface is inclined, the structural surface is inclined at an angle of α = 0.

[0128] Let the inclination angle of the structural surface be α, and the unit be °.

[0129] h A = h C When the structural surface is horizontal, the structural surface inclination angle α = 0.

[0130] (63) Solve h A > h C When the structural surface is horizontal, the structural surface inclination angle α = 0.

[0131] Let the coordinates and elevation of point D be: and h B .

[0132] Point B is known, and straight line BD is the strike line of structural surface ABC.

[0133] Thus, by using drawing software such as CAD, in a two-dimensional plane coordinate system, point B and point D can be drawn according to the coordinates, and the azimuth angle of the extension of straight line BD at both ends can be measured by the software measurement function, which is the strike azimuth angle of the structural surface. In addition, the strike azimuth angle can also be obtained by using trigonometric functions, two-dimensional coordinate system, and related knowledge of azimuth angle according to the coordinates of point B and point D.

[0134] (64) Solve h A > h C When the structural surface is horizontal, the structural surface inclination angle α = 0.

[0135] 1) When x A -x C ≠ 0 or y A -y C ≠ 0

[0136] Let the apparent inclination angle of the structural surface on the vertical plane passing through straight line AC be γ, and the angle between the azimuth line of straight line AC and the strike line of the structural surface be β, wherein the units of β and γ are °.

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] Substitute formula (3) and formula (4) into formula (2) to obtain the structural plane inclination angle α.

[0141] 2) When x A -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0

[0142] The structural plane is vertical, and the structural plane inclination angle α = 90°.

[0143] (65) Solve the structural plane tendency when 0 < α < 90°

[0144] Draw the projection point H of point A and the strike line passing through point C in the two-dimensional plane coordinate system passing through point C by using drawing software such as CAD, draw HI perpendicular to the strike line passing through point C and intersecting at point I (as shown in FIG. 6), and the direction of the horizontal plane vector Figure 5 is the structural plane tendency. According to the software measurement function, the azimuth of the plane vector is measured, which is the azimuth of the structural plane tendency; in addition, the azimuth of the structural plane tendency can also be solved by using the definition that the angle between the strike and the tendency is 90°.

[0145] The other parts not described belong to the prior art.​

Claims

1. A method for solving the orientation of structural planes without interference from external magnetic fields, characterized in that: Comprising the following steps, Step one, obtaining basic data: using a professional measuring method that is not disturbed by external magnetic field, obtaining the coordinates and elevation of three points on the target structure surface, and needing to meet the conditions: the three points are not collinear; let the three points be numbered A, B, and C, and meet the elevation relationship: the elevation of point A is greater than or equal to the elevation of point B, and the elevation of point B is greater than or equal to the elevation of point C; connecting CB, CA, and BA to form triangle ABC; Step two, judging whether the elevations of points A, B, and C are all equal, if all equal, the structure surface is horizontal; Step three, under the condition that the elevations of points A, B, and C are not all equal, obtaining the coordinates of two points on the structure surface with equal elevations, determining the strike line, and obtaining the strike of the structure surface; Step four, under the condition that the elevations of points A, B, and C are not all equal, solving the dip angle of the structure surface; Step five, solving the dip direction of the inclined structure surface; In step three, the specific method for solving the strike of the structure surface under the condition that the elevations of three points are not all equal is as follows: A, B, C three point elevation is not equal, by conditions can be deduced h A > h C , then h A - h C ≠ 0; In three-dimensional space, connect AC, make point D on line segment AC, let the coordinates of point D be: x D , y D , and the height be h D , so that , then according to the condition, it is concluded that ; then ; then x D = , y D = , h D = h B Therefore, h D = h B , i.e. the elevation of point D is equal to that of point B, then the straight line BD is the strike line of the structural plane ABC, wherein: The coordinates and elevation of point B are respectively: x B , y B and h B The coordinates and elevation of point D are respectively: , and h B Solving the strike azimuth of the structure surface, the specific method is as follows: Through the drawing software, in the coordinate system, point B and point D are drawn according to the coordinates, and the strike azimuth of the structure surface is measured according to the measurement function of the software; or the strike azimuth is solved by using trigonometric functions according to the coordinates of points B and D; In step four, the inclination of the structural plane in the case of three points with different elevations is solved. The specific method is as follows: since points A, B and C are not collinear, points B and D are not coincident, and h D =h B , x B ≠0 or y D ≠0. B -y D ≠0. A horizontal plane m is drawn through point C, and the foot of the perpendicular from point A to the horizontal plane m is H; a straight line parallel to BD is drawn through point C, and the straight line is on the horizontal plane m and is the strike line of the structure surface passing through point C; HI is drawn perpendicular to the strike line of the structure surface passing through point C and intersects at point I, and AI is connected, and ∠AIH is the dip angle of the structure surface, that is, ∠AIH = α; Let the apparent dip angle of the structure surface on the vertical plane AHC be γ, and the angle between the horizontal line HC of the straight line AC and the strike line CI of the structure surface be β, then ∠ACH = γ and ∠HCI = β, From the conditions, it can be deduced that cotα = sinβcotγ then where sin β ≥ 0 then (2) In formula (2), 0 < α ≤ 90°; Since DB ∥ CI, β is equal to the angle between the plane vector CH and the plane vector DB; Further, the in-plane vector CH = (x A -x C , y A -y C ) and the in-plane vector DB = (x B -x D , y B -y D ) According to the vector angle formula, the following formula can be obtained: （3） In equation (3) i.e. x A - x C ≠ 0 or y A - y C ≠ 0; Since ∠AHC = 90°, then (4) Substitute formula (3) and formula (4) into formula (2) to obtain the structural surface inclination angle α, wherein x A ≠0 or y C ≠0 A ≠0 or y C ≠0 When x A - x C = 0 and y A - y C = 0, the solving method of the structure surface inclination angle is as follows: when x A -x C = 0 and y A -y C = 0, point H and point C coincide, since AH is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the straight line AH lies on the structural plane, then the structural plane is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, i.e. the structural plane is vertical, and the structural plane inclination angle a is equal to 90°; In step five, the specific method for solving the dip direction of the inclined structure surface is as follows: When the structural plane is inclined, i.e. when 0 < a < 90°, the direction of the vector is the direction of the inclination of the structural plane, i.e. the dip of the structural plane; Through the drawing software, in the coordinate system through point C, make the projection point H of point A and the strike line through point C, make HI perpendicular to the strike line through point C and intersect at point I, then the direction of the horizontal plane vector is the structure surface tendency, according to the measurement function of the software, measure the azimuth angle of the plane vector , which is the tendency azimuth angle of the structure surface; or use the definition that the angle between the strike and the tendency is 90° to obtain the tendency azimuth angle.

2. The method for solving the attitude of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the professional measuring method that is not disturbed by external magnetic field includes the leveling method, the theodolite method, and the total station method.

3. The method for solving the attitude of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the specific method for establishing the test condition formula that the three points on the target structure surface are not collinear is as follows: Let the coordinates and elevation of point A be x A , y A , h A , the coordinates and elevation of point B be x B , y B , h B , and the coordinates and elevation of point C be x C , y C , h C , and satisfy the elevation relationship: h A ≥ h B ≥ h C ; The test condition formula for three points not being collinear is derived as follows: Vector CB = (x B -x C , y B -y C , h B -h C ), vector CA = (x A -x C , y A -y C , h A -h C ), vector BA = (x A -x B , y A -y B , h A -h B ), then: Length of vector CB ; Length of vector CA ; Length of vector BA ; According to the related principles of triangle and mathematical proof, the necessary and sufficient condition for points A, B, and C not being collinear is a1 < a2 + a3, a2 < a1 + a3, and a3 < a1 + a2 (1) Through the condition formula (1), the lengths of vectors CB, CA, and BA are tested, and when the lengths of vectors CB, CA, and BA meet the conditions of the condition formula (1), points A, B, and C are not collinear, and the three points are valid, and the next step is entered. When the length of the vectors CB, CA, BA does not satisfy the condition of the condition formula (1), the three points are collinear, and the points A, B, and C are invalid. Repeat step one to obtain different three points on the structural plane, obtain the coordinates and elevations of the three points, and continue until the three points satisfy the condition of formula (1).

4. The method for solving the attitude of structural plane without interference of external magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step two, the occurrence of the structural plane is solved under the condition that the elevations of the points A, B, and C are all equal. The specific method is as follows: Let the inclination of the structural plane be α; If the elevations of points A, B, and C are all equal, i.e., h A =h B =h C Established, that is, h A =h C If plane ABC is horizontal, then the structural plane is horizontal and the inclination angle of the structural plane is α=0.

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