A hydrophobic polyester fiber and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present application provides a hydrophobic polyester fiber and its preparation method and application. The preparation method of the hydrophobic polyester fiber comprises the following steps: melt-blending a hydrophobic polyester masterbatch with a polymer, and spinning to obtain fibrils. The hydrophobic polyester masterbatch comprises polyester, a dispersant, an antioxidant, a hydrophobic functional additive, and an inorganic carbonate; hot-stretching the fibrils, drawing the hot-stretched fibrils into an acidic solution, and reacting to obtain a surface-roughened modified polyester fiber; washing away the acidic solution remaining on the surface of the surface-roughened modified polyester fiber, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic polyester fiber. Unlike the prior art, the above-described technical solution adds a certain amount of inorganic carbonate to the hydrophobic polyester fiber. When subsequently immersed in an acid solution, the inorganic carbonate undergoes a decomposition reaction, leaving numerous microscopic and nanoscale rough structures on the fiber surface. This not only achieves superior hydrophobic properties but also improves abrasion resistance and washability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fiber technology, and in particular to a hydrophobic polyester fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The synthetic fiber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is widely used in textiles, packaging, healthcare, and other fields. Functional modification of PET fabrics, especially superhydrophobic modification, will greatly expand the application range of PET fabrics.

[0003] Research on super-hydrophobic modification of PET fibers is as follows: (1) introducing low-surface-energy elements such as fluorine and silicon during PET polymerization; (2) melt-blending and spinning the copolymerized modified PET with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), pentaerythritol stearate (PETS) or other inorganic substances such as surface-hydrophobically modified silica to optimize water repellency; (3) constructing microscopic nano-rough structures on the surface of PET polymers using etching, plasma treatment, templates, and layer-by-layer assembly methods to prepare super-hydrophobic coating surfaces and further improve water repellency. A comprehensive treatment of the three methods on polyester fibers can achieve super-water repellency standards. However, the preparation process of the three methods is complex and multi-step, the cost is too high, and environmental issues are more prominent.

[0004] In existing technologies, due to production costs and environmental concerns, post-treatment methods are often used to treat PET fiber fabrics for water repellency. These methods, such as impregnation or coating, apply a water-repellent layer to the surface of the fiber fabric. However, these post-treatment methods can easily lead to the generation of wastewater and difficulties in recycling it, increasing the environmental burden. Furthermore, these methods pose challenges to the durability and washability of the fiber fabric.

[0005] More information related to the above technical solutions can be found in the following documents:

[0006] Chinese patent application publication number CN 115652619 A discloses a surface-hydrophobic, high-strength polyester fiber and its preparation method. The method first hydrolyzes the ester bonds on the polyester fiber surface from the outside inward with 40% sulfuric acid, creating cracks or uneven structures and increasing the surface roughness. Subsequently, a hydrophobic layer is applied to the fiber surface, further enhancing its hydrophobicity and significantly improving its washing durability. However, improper sulfuric acid hydrolysis of the polyester fiber, prolonged hydrolysis time, or inadequate sulfuric acid washing can have detrimental effects on the mechanical properties and dimensional structure of the polyester fiber.

[0007] Chinese patent application publication number CN 111041585 A discloses a water-repellent polyester functional masterbatch and its preparation method. The masterbatch is prepared by mixing polyester chips and polyester staple fibers with a water repellent, a dispersant, and an environmentally friendly colorant, followed by granulation. The masterbatch can be used to produce nonwoven fabrics, achieving a water repellency rating of 4 or higher. However, the water repellent is primarily present within the fibers and does not provide a water-repellent effect.

[0008] In the process of implementing the present invention, when preparing hydrophobic polyester fibers, if conventional post-treatment methods such as hydrophobic coating or impregnation are used, not only will the softness and wearing comfort of the fiber fabric during later use be negatively affected, but it will also fall off during subsequent use and washing friction, thereby greatly reducing the hydrophobicity of the fiber fabric and causing poor long-term stability. When preparing polyester fibers with super-hydrophobic surfaces, it is also considered to construct micro-nano structures on the fiber or fabric surface to increase the fiber surface roughness, thereby further improving the hydrophobicity of the fiber fabric. However, when conventional methods such as plasma treatment, template method or etching method are used to construct rough structures, the operating procedures are complicated and the price cost is high, making it difficult to carry out batch and large-scale production at low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To this end, the present application provides a hydrophobic polyester fiber with excellent water repellency and water resistance and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of the existing hydrophobic polyester fiber such as complex operation process, high cost and poor water resistance.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the inventors provide a method for preparing a hydrophobic polyester fiber, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Melt spinning: melt-blending a hydrophobic polyester masterbatch with a polymer, and spinning to obtain fibrils, wherein the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch includes polyester, a dispersant, an antioxidant, a hydrophobic functional additive, and an inorganic carbonate;

[0012] Surface roughening modification: thermally stretching the fibrils, drawing the thermally stretched fibrils into an acidic solution reaction tank, and obtaining surface-roughened modified polyester fibers after the reaction;

[0013] Cleaning and drying: washing away the acidic solution remaining on the surface of the rough-surface modified polyester fiber, and drying to obtain the hydrophobic polyester fiber.

[0014] During the melt spinning step, the polymer is a conventional polymer. The hydrophobic polyester masterbatch comprises polyester, a dispersant, an antioxidant, a hydrophobic functional additive, and an inorganic carbonate. Melt-blending the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch with the polymer for spinning effectively avoids wastewater generated during the fabric finishing process, reducing environmental pollution and harm to human health. Furthermore, melt blending embeds the hydrophobic component within the polymer, bonding it from the inside out. This results in superior durability and washability compared to conventional post-treatment methods such as coating and impregnation.

[0015] During surface roughness modification, the original fibers are first subjected to heat drawing. During the heat drawing and texturing process, the yarn feed speed is 250 m / min, the texturing temperature is 160°C, and the yarn delivery speed is 406.8 m / min. The hot-drawn yarn is then immediately drawn into an acidic solution reaction tank, where a surface-roughened polyester fiber is obtained after a chemical reaction. The acidic solution can be a solution such as acetic acid or dilute hydrochloric acid solution, which is more acidic than carbonic acid and can react with carbonates. When the hydrophobic polyester fiber is placed in the acidic solution, the inorganic carbonates on its surface layer will react to produce soluble salts, gas, and water, and a microscopic roughness structure will be generated on the surface of the hydrophobic polyester fiber. According to Young's equation and Wenzel's equation, if the solid surface is hydrophobic, the solid surface will become more hydrophobic when the surface roughness is increased. Therefore, after the hydrophobic polyester fiber is modified with an acidic solution, its hydrophobicity will be improved.

[0016] Finally, the acid solution remaining on the surface of the roughened modified polyester fiber was washed away, and the fiber was dried to obtain a hydrophobic polyester fiber. After the above-mentioned entire process, the yarn collection and winding speed was 406.4 m / min.

[0017] Unlike existing technologies, this solution adds a certain amount of inorganic carbonate to the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch. After melt blending and spinning, the fibers are then hot-drawn and reacted in an acidic solution. The inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber undergoes a decomposition reaction, leaving numerous microscopic and nanoscale rough structures on the fiber surface, further enhancing the hydrophobic properties of the hydrophobic polyester fiber. This not only avoids the large amounts of waste generated by hydrophobic finishing solutions or coatings, but also addresses the issues of shedding the hydrophobic layer and weakening the hydrophobic effect of the final product due to friction during extended use and washing.

[0018] Furthermore, the acidification reaction is carried out before the fibrils are completely cooled and formed.

[0019] After the hot-drawing process, the polyester fiber is still in a stretchable, predominantly amorphous state. At this point, when the hydrophobic polyester fiber is placed in an acidic solution, the inorganic carbonates on its surface react to form soluble salts, gases, and water, with this reaction occurring from the outside inward. Simultaneously, the temperature of the acidic solution also aids in the cooling and curing of the polyester fiber. This means that the acidification reaction of the inorganic carbonates and the cooling and curing of the fiber occur simultaneously. The acidic solution has difficulty penetrating the interior of the polyester fiber, so the acidification reaction of the inorganic carbonates in the polyester fiber remains largely confined to the surface layer of the polyester fiber. Consequently, as the chemical reaction continues, microscopic roughness forms on the surface of the polyester fiber, increasing its surface roughness.

[0020] In particular, if surface acidification treatment is performed after the polyester fiber is completely cooled and formed, the inorganic carbonate components present in the polyester fiber may not be effectively acidified. This is because the polyester component may completely cover the inorganic carbonate component, resulting in the inorganic carbonate being unable to be exposed on the fiber surface, and thus unable to contact with the acidic solution, complete the acidification reaction, and form surface pores.

[0021] Furthermore, the reaction time is 5-25s, and the reaction temperature is 65-100°C.

[0022] The present invention primarily regulates the surface roughness and pore depth of hydrophobic polyester fibers by adjusting the dispersion of the inorganic carbonate, the acidification reaction time, and the acidification reaction temperature. To achieve a surface structure with smaller pores, a larger number of pores, and a shallower pore depth, appropriately increasing the reaction time and temperature promotes the reaction of the inorganic carbonate in an acidic environment, forming pores of the appropriate size and number, thereby increasing the fiber's surface roughness.

[0023] If the acidic solution temperature is too low, the polyester fiber will cool and degrade rapidly, rapidly terminating the acidification reaction of the inorganic carbonate components in the fiber and resulting in poor pore-forming results. However, if the acidic solution temperature is too high, it will inevitably accelerate the volatilization of acidic gases, polluting the production environment. Once the acidification reaction reaches a certain time, the hydrophobic polyester fiber has already cooled and degraded, and further extending the acidification reaction time is meaningless. By controlling the reaction time and temperature of the hot-stretched fibrils with the acidic solution within the above temperature range, a hydrophobic polyester fiber with even superior hydrophobic properties can be obtained.

[0024] Furthermore, the components of the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch are as follows: by mass fraction, the polyester content is 48-68 parts, the dispersant content is 0.5-1 part, the antioxidant content is 0.5-1 part, the hydrophobic functional additive is 25-45 parts, and the inorganic carbonate is 8-15 parts.

[0025] Furthermore, the polyester is a PET powder, and the granularity of the PET powder is 45-60 mesh, and the specific viscosity is 0.65-0.70dl / g. The PET powder granularity is too fine, and it is easy to crystallize during drying, and the crystallinity becomes larger, and sometimes gel is formed, and the melting temperature becomes higher, and the viscosity of the gel also becomes higher, affecting the melt processing of the twin-screw. If the PET slice is adopted, it will be unfavorable for the uniform mixing of the auxiliary agents such as polyester and functional modifier, as it will be unfavorable for fully mixing and dispersing with the herbal pigment modifier. Therefore, the polyester adopts the PET powder of 45-60 mesh granularity, which is convenient to melt processing and uniform mixing. The polyester specific viscosity is set at 0.65-0.7dl / g, which can ensure that after polyester is prepared into the functional masterbatch through a primary screw extruder, its intrinsic viscosity can not be too low, and can be used for polyester spinning.

[0026] Furthermore, the antioxidant is selected from a combination of one or more of antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 168, and phosphite antioxidants. Polyester undergoes thermal cracking or thermo-oxidative degradation during melt processing, and adding an appropriate amount of antioxidant can reduce the thermo-oxidative degradation of the polyester matrix.

[0027] Furthermore, the hydrophobic functional additive is an inorganic or organic additive. The addition of the hydrophobic additive is to enhance the water repellency of the PET fiber.

[0028] Furthermore, the hydrophobic functional additive is nanosilica. If the hydrophobic functional additive is an inorganic additive such as surface-hydrophobically modified nanosilica, the size of the additive should be as small as possible within 300-500 nm. This ensures uniform dispersion of the functional additive in the polyester and reduces aggregation. Inorganic hydrophobic functional additives can be directly selected from products that have undergone surface hydrophobic treatment, without the need for further modification.

[0029] If the added hydrophobic functional additive is an organic functional additive, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with extremely low surface energy, the organic additive is also required to have good melt compatibility with the polyester so that it will not evaporate or decompose during high-temperature treatment, and its hydrophobicity can be guaranteed.

[0030] Furthermore, the inorganic carbonate is one or more of calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, sodium carbonate, etc. The purpose of using the inorganic carbonate is to further improve the surface roughness of the fiber and optimize the water repellency of the fiber after subsequent acidification treatment.

[0031] To achieve a surface structure with smaller pores, a higher number of pores, and shallower pore depths on polyester fibers, it is necessary to improve the dispersibility of inorganic carbonates in the polyester matrix and reduce agglomeration. To improve the dispersibility of inorganic carbonates in the polyester melt, the particle size requirement is typically between 300-500 nm. Too large a particle size results in poor dispersibility in the polyester, leading to unsuccessful spinning. Too small a particle size leads to severe agglomeration, resulting in spinning failure.

[0032] Furthermore, the dispersant is one or a mixture of polyester-modified polyphosphate dispersants, ethylene bisstearamide (EBS), and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. The addition of the dispersant can further optimize the dispersibility of the functional additives in the polyester matrix, effectively disperse the nano-silica, prevent aggregation, and ensure the dispersibility of the nano-silica in the masterbatch and fiber.

[0033] Furthermore, the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch is prepared by the following steps:

[0034] Drying: vacuum drying the polyester, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate at 120-180° C. for 4-8 hours;

[0035] Weighing: Weighing the dried polyester, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate according to the weight of each component in the masterbatch;

[0036] Mixing: uniformly mixing the polyester, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate to obtain a mixture;

[0037] Melt extrusion: The mixture is melt-extruded to form granules, and then dried to obtain the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch.

[0038] During the drying step, the drying temperature needs to be controlled at 120-180°C. If the temperature is too low, the moisture cannot be completely dried and the drying time is too long; if the temperature is too high, the polyester powder may change in shape.

[0039] In the mixing step, the components are mixed uniformly at room temperature to obtain a uniformly distributed mixture.

[0040] In the melt extrusion step, the mixture is fed into a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation. The twin-screw extruder adopts an 11-zone temperature setting, with the temperatures being 160°C-240°C-250°C-260°C-260°C-230°C-230°C-230°C-230°C-230°C-250°C, the cooling temperature being 15-30°C, and the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder being 300-500 r / min.

[0041] In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrophobic polyester fiber, which is obtained by the preparation method of the first aspect.

[0042] In a third aspect, the present application provides an application of hydrophobic polyester in textile fabrics.

[0043] Different from the existing technology, the above technical solution uses hydrophobic functional additives and polymers as the main raw materials to obtain hydrophobic polyester masterbatch, which can not only avoid the large amount of waste liquid caused by hydrophobic finishing liquid or coating, reduce environmental pollution and harm to human health; but also solve the problem of hydrophobic layer shedding caused by subsequent long-term use and water washing friction of the final product, greatly improving durability and water washing resistance.

[0044] The above-mentioned records related to the content of the invention are only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to enable ordinary technicians in this field to understand the technical solution of this application more clearly, and then implement it according to the text of the specification and the contents recorded in the drawings, and to make the above-mentioned purposes and other purposes, features and advantages of this application easier to understand, the following is an explanation in combination with the specific implementation methods and drawings of this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, characteristics and effects of the specific embodiments of this application and other related contents, and are not to be considered as limiting this application.

[0046] In the drawings of the specification:

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for preparing hydrophobic polyester fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to one embodiment of the present application before acidification;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the hydrophobic polyester fiber after acidification according to one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to explain in detail the possible application scenarios, technical principles, specific solutions that can be implemented, and the purpose and effects of this application, the following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments listed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described herein are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] References to "embodiments" herein mean that the specific features, structures, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the word "embodiment" in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it particularly limit its independence or relevance to other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any manner to form a corresponding implementable technical solution.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the use of relevant terms herein is only for describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.

[0053] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe a logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and both A and B exist. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the objects before and after are in a logical "or" relationship.

[0054] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, priority or sequence relationship between these entities or operations.

[0055] Without further limitations, in this application, the words "include", "comprise", "have" or other similar expressions used in the sentences are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. These expressions do not exclude the presence of additional elements in the process, method or product including the elements, so that the process, method or product including a series of elements may include not only those defined elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method or product.

[0056] Consistent with the understanding in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means more than two (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this manner, such as "multiple groups," "multiple times," etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the specific embodiments of the present application or facilitating the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0058] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", "set", etc. used should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated setting; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art of the present application, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] To describe the present invention and its implementation in more detail, the inorganic carbonate used in the following examples of the present invention is calcium carbonate. The acidic solution selected in the surface roughening modification process is acetic acid. The above raw material selection and parameter settings are merely used to clearly illustrate and describe the embodiments of the present invention, and the selected raw materials and parameter settings are not considered to be the only options and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In actual testing and production, the operator can select other raw materials and test parameters within a reasonable range according to product requirements.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] (1) Preparation of hydrophobic polyester masterbatch:

[0062] Masterbatch composition: 62.0 parts polyester (PET), 1.0 part antioxidant, 1.0 part dispersant, 30 parts hydrophobic functional additive, and 10 parts inorganic carbonate. The antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 in a 1:1 mass ratio; the dispersant is a polyester-modified phosphate dispersant; the hydrophobic functional additive is hydrophobically modified nanosilica; and the inorganic carbonate is calcium carbonate.

[0063] Drying: The polymer powder, hydrophobically modified nano-silica and calcium carbonate are vacuum dried at 120-180°C for 4-8 hours.

[0064] Weighing: Weigh the dried polymer powder, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobically modified nano-silica and calcium carbonate according to the weight of each component in the masterbatch;

[0065] Mixing: Mix the polymer powder, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobically modified nano-silica and calcium carbonate at room temperature to obtain a uniformly distributed mixture;

[0066] Melt extrusion: The mixture is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation, and then dried to obtain hydrophobic polyester masterbatch. The twin-screw extruder adopts an 11-zone temperature setting, with the temperature being 160℃-240℃-250℃-260℃-260℃-230℃-230℃-230℃-230℃-230℃-250℃, the cooling temperature being 15-30℃, and the screw speed of the twin-screw extruder being 300-500r / min.

[0067] (2) Preparation of hydrophobic polyester fibers (such as Figure 1 shown):

[0068] Melt spinning: conventional polyester polymer is melt-blended with hydrophobic polyester masterbatch and then spun to obtain fibers;

[0069] Hot-drawing and texturing and surface roughening: The melt-spun raw fibers are further hot-drawn and texturized. The yarn feed speed during the hot-drawing and texturing process is 250 m / min, the texturing temperature is 160°C, and the yarn delivery speed is 406.8 m / min. The hot-drawn yarn is then immediately drawn into an acidic solution reaction tank, where a chemical reaction produces a surface-roughened polyester fiber. The reaction time is 10 seconds, the reaction temperature is 65°C, and the acidic solution is, for example, acetic acid. After the entire process, the surface-roughened yarn is collected and wound at a speed of 406.4 m / min.

[0070] Cleaning and drying: After the modification is completed, the rough-surface modified polyester fiber is cleaned to remove the acidic solution remaining on the surface of the rough-surface modified polyester fiber, and then the rough-surface modified polyester fiber is dried.

[0071] (3) Yarn weaving: The hydrophobic polyester fibers are drawn and twisted by conventional methods to form yarns and textiles.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the hot stretching and surface roughening modification process, the acidification reaction time of the inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber in the acidic solution is 15 seconds, the reaction temperature is 65° C., and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution.

[0074] Example 3:

[0075] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the hot stretching and surface roughening modification process, the acidification reaction time of the inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber in the acidic solution is 10 seconds, the reaction temperature is 85° C., and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution.

[0076] Example 4:

[0077] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the hot stretching and surface roughening modification process, the acidification reaction time of the inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber in the acidic solution is 5 seconds, the reaction temperature is 65° C., and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution.

[0078] Example 5:

[0079] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the hot stretching and surface roughening modification process, the acidification reaction time of the inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber in the acidic solution is 25 seconds, the reaction temperature is 65° C., and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution.

[0080] Example 6:

[0081] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that during the hot stretching and surface roughening modification process, the acidification reaction time of the inorganic carbonate in the hydrophobic polyester fiber in the acidic solution is 10 seconds, the reaction temperature is 100° C., and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution.

[0082] Comparative Example 1:

[0083] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the masterbatch components are 53.0 parts of polyester PET, 1.0 part of antioxidant, 1.0 part of dispersant, and 45 parts of nano-silicon dioxide, and no surface roughening modification treatment is performed.

[0084] Comparative Example 2:

[0085] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the yarn after hot drawing is subjected to surface acidification treatment after being completely cooled and formed.

[0086] Performance testing:

[0087] 1. Rough structure of fiber surface

[0088] The surface microstructure of the yarn woven fabric was characterized by scanning electron microscopy before and after being treated with 100% acetic acid. Figure 2 and Figure 3 Fiber surface structure diagrams of fiber fabrics before and after acidification.

[0089] Depend on Figure 2 、 Figure 3It can be seen from the scanning electron microscope image that under the action of the acidic solution, the surface of the acidified fiber shows an obvious rough structure compared with the smooth surface of the unacidified fiber. This shows that the method of modifying the surface roughness of the fiber in this patent is effective. The calcium carbonate component on the fiber surface can be corroded by acidification, thereby forming tiny rough lines on the fiber surface, providing an optional way to further improve the high hydrophobicity of hydrophobic fiber fabrics.

[0090] 2. Hydrophobic performance test

[0091] Contact angle measurements were performed on the yarn woven fabrics of Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2. The contact angle measurement method uses a profile image analysis method, which involves placing a droplet on the sample surface. An image of the droplet's profile is captured using a microscope lens and a camera. The image data is then processed using digital image processing to determine the contact angle value.

[0092] Table 1 Test results of droplet surface contact angle of yarn fabrics of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] As can be seen from Table 1, the surface contact angle test results of the yarn fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 show that the contact angle of the hydrophobic polyester fiber surface of Examples 1-3 after roughening modification is greater than the contact angle of the non-roughened surface of Comparative Example 1, that is, the hydrophobicity of the products obtained in Examples 1-3 is better than that of the comparative example product; and within a certain range, the greater the proportion of calcium carbonate decomposed by acidification, the higher the roughness of the surface of the hydrophobic polyester fiber, and the more obvious the optimization of the hydrophobicity of the product.

[0096] Unlike existing technologies, the present invention uses hydrophobic functional additives to hydrophobically modify the polyester polymer, performing a pretreatment during the melt-blending spinning process. This imparts a degree of water repellency to the hydrophobic polyester fiber, preventing degradation of its hydrophobic properties during subsequent use, washing, and friction. Furthermore, a certain amount of inorganic carbonate is present in the hydrophobic polyester fiber, forming soluble substances during the subsequent acid treatment. This creates microscopic and nanoscale roughness on the fiber surface, increasing the fiber's surface roughness and further enhancing the hydrophobic properties of the hydrophobic polyester fiber.

[0097] Finally, it should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described in the specification and drawings of this application, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of this application. All technical solutions generated by replacing or modifying equivalent structures or equivalent processes based on the essential concepts of this application using the contents recorded in the specification and drawings of this application, as well as directly or indirectly implementing the technical solutions of the above embodiments in other related technical fields, are included in the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a hydrophobic polyester fiber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Melt spinning: melt-blending a hydrophobic polyester masterbatch with a polymer, and spinning to obtain fibrils. The hydrophobic polyester masterbatch includes polyester, a dispersant, an antioxidant, a hydrophobic functional additive, and an inorganic carbonate. Surface roughening modification: heat-stretching the fibrils, drawing the heat-stretched fibrils into an acidic solution, and obtaining surface-roughened modified polyester fibers after reaction. Cleaning and drying: washing away the residual acidic solution on the surface of the rough modified polyester fiber and drying to obtain a hydrophobic polyester fiber; The inorganic carbonate is 300-500 nm calcium carbonate; the polymer is polyester; and the acidic solution is acetic acid solution; The reaction is carried out before the fibrils are completely cooled and formed.

2. The method for preparing the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein: The reaction time is 5-25s, and the reaction temperature is 65-100°C.

3. The method for preparing the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein: By mass fraction, the content of the polyester is 48-68 parts, the content of the dispersant is 0.5-1 part, the content of the antioxidant is 0.5-1 part, the content of the hydrophobic functional additive is 25-45 parts, and the content of the inorganic carbonate is 8-15 parts.

4. The method for preparing the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 3, wherein: The polyester is PET powder, the particle size of the PET powder is 45-60 mesh, and the specific viscosity is 0.65-0.70 dl / g.

5. The method for preparing the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 3, wherein: The hydrophobic functional additive is nano silicon dioxide.

6. The method for preparing the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrophobic polyester masterbatch is prepared by the following steps: Drying: drying the polyester, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate in a vacuum at 120-180° C. for 4-8 hours; Weighing: Weighing the dried polyester, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate according to the weight of each component in the masterbatch; Mixing: uniformly mixing the polyester, dispersant, antioxidant, hydrophobic functional additive and inorganic carbonate to obtain a mixture; Melt extrusion: The mixture is melt-extruded to form granules, and then dried to obtain the hydrophobic polyester masterbatch.

7. A hydrophobic polyester fiber, characterized in that: The hydrophobic polyester fiber is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. Use of the hydrophobic polyester fiber according to claim 7 in textile fabrics.

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