A structural system with large openings in the middle slab of an underground space and its construction method

Abstract

This application relates to a large-opening structural system for underground spaces and its construction method. The structural system comprises a bottom slab, a middle slab, a top slab, side walls, beams, and columns connected to form an integral structure that shares the load. To maximize the opening range of the middle slab, the portion of the middle slab requiring the opening is directly eliminated, creating a spacious and tall space. This change in the structural system causes corresponding changes in the load on each component. The most significant change is a substantial increase in the load on the side walls in the area where the middle slab is eliminated, as well as a significant increase in the load on the upper and lower side walls in the area where the middle slab is eliminated. The load changes on other components are relatively minor. Structural calculations show that, except for the need to thicken the side walls corresponding to the large opening, the dimensions of other components can remain unchanged. This invention departs from the traditional approach of using ring beams to reinforce the weakened middle slab opening while maintaining the overall frame system. Instead, it prioritizes the overall structural safety by directly eliminating the middle slab at the opening, thus optimizing the structural design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of underground engineering design technology, and in particular to a large-opening slab structure system and construction method for underground spaces. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, underground space structures made of reinforced concrete are generally multi-story structures, such as subway stations, underground shopping malls, and underground civil defense spaces. Some designs require large openings in the atrium on the middle or top slabs to connect the upper and lower floors and enhance the visual effect.

[0003] In existing related technologies, the large opening in the atrium weakens the structural safety to some extent. Therefore, a ring frame beam is set up to reinforce the structure by leaving a certain width of space between the large opening and the side wall. The thickness of the side wall at the opening is usually consistent with the adjacent walls in front and behind it.

[0004] However, the ring beam must be wide enough to replace the weakened slab in bearing the horizontal load transmitted by the side walls. The appropriate size of the ring beam is matched with the specific geological structure of the underground space, the layout of the underground space structure, the size and material of the underground space wall panels, and the size of the openings.

[0005] When the required size of the opening is too large, stress calculations of the structural system reveal that within the remaining width, the ring beam is set at its maximum size (i.e., the reasonable size is squeezed out by the opening). Even with the original sidewall thickness, the maximum size ring beam still cannot meet the safety requirements in terms of strength and stiffness when designed using various materials and techniques. In this case, the ring beam system that maintains the original sidewall thickness loses its scientific validity and cannot be implemented. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a large-opening slab structure system and construction method for underground spaces to solve the problem in related technologies where, when the required size of the atrium opening is too large, the maximum size of the ring frame beam in the remaining width space cannot meet the safety requirements in terms of strength and stiffness.

[0007] Firstly, a large-opening slab structure system for underground spaces is provided, comprising:

[0008] The base plate is distributed horizontally; adjacent base plates are connected by bottom longitudinal beams to form the bottom structure.

[0009] The middle plates are distributed laterally; adjacent middle plates are connected by longitudinal beams to form the central structure.

[0010] The top slab is distributed horizontally; adjacent top slabs are connected by top longitudinal beams to form a top structure; the bottom structure and the middle structure, and the top structure and the middle structure are connected horizontally by side walls on both sides; vertically extending frame columns are provided between the bottom structure and the middle structure, and between the top structure and the middle structure.

[0011] The central structure has a large opening; the side wall has a thickened area, the position and length of which in the longitudinal direction are the same as the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction; the vertical height of the thickened area is equal to the vertical height of the side wall.

[0012] Secondly, a large-opening slab structure system for underground spaces is provided, which includes:

[0013] The base plate is distributed horizontally; adjacent base plates are connected by bottom longitudinal beams to form the bottom structure.

[0014] The middle plate consists of multiple layers; each layer of middle plates is distributed horizontally, and adjacent middle plates in the same layer are connected by longitudinal beams to form a middle structure; multiple middle structures are arranged vertically.

[0015] The top slab is distributed horizontally; adjacent top slabs are connected by top longitudinal beams to form a top structure; the bottom structure and the middle structure, the top structure and the middle structure, and the middle structure are connected on both sides horizontally by side walls; vertically extending frame columns are provided between the bottom structure and the middle structure, between the top structure and the middle structure, and between the middle structure and the middle structure.

[0016] In this configuration, at least one of the central structures has a large opening; the side wall has a thickened area, the position and length of which in the longitudinal direction correspond to the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction; the vertical height of the thickened area is equal to the vertical height of the side wall.

[0017] In some embodiments, all of the central structures are provided with large openings, and the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap.

[0018] In some embodiments, in the vertical direction, the large openings of the multiple central structures are not discontinuously arranged, and the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure completely overlap, partially overlap, or do not overlap.

[0019] In some embodiments, the junction between the thickened area and the non-thickened area of ​​the side wall is connected by a hidden column located inside the side wall, and the thickness of the hidden column is equal to the thickness of the thickened area of ​​the side wall.

[0020] The connection between the central structure and the side walls is achieved by concealed beams, which are arranged longitudinally. The concealed columns are arranged vertically and are perpendicularly connected to the concealed beams.

[0021] In some embodiments, side beams are provided on both sides of the transverse middle plate holes of the large opening, and the side beams are connected to some of the frame columns; the side beams extend transversely and are anchored into the hidden columns.

[0022] In some embodiments, the frame columns between the bottom structure and the middle structure are connected to the middle longitudinal beam and the bottom longitudinal beam;

[0023] The frame columns between the top structure and the middle structure are connected to the middle longitudinal beam and the top longitudinal beam;

[0024] The frame columns between the central structure and the central longitudinal beams are connected.

[0025] In some embodiments, the thickened sidewall area is provided with a longitudinally arranged channel plate.

[0026] In some embodiments, the central longitudinal beam is not present within the area of ​​the large opening in the central structure.

[0027] Thirdly, a construction method for a large-opening slab structure system in underground space is provided, including the following steps:

[0028] The dimensions and reinforcement of each component of the underground space slab with a large opening structure system designed to meet the requirements of structural static calculation and seismic calculation are constructed; the formwork is erected from bottom to top for the structural backfilling construction.

[0029] The process of pouring the side wall of the thickened area is carried out in two stages. After the first pour is completed, a replacement support is installed on the poured part before the next pour is carried out.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:

[0031] A large opening structural system for underground spaces is provided. This system includes a bottom structure formed by a bottom slab and ground longitudinal beams, a middle structure formed by a middle slab and middle longitudinal beams, and a top structure formed by a top slab and top longitudinal beams. The bottom and middle structures, and the top and middle structures, are connected laterally by side walls on both sides. Vertically extending frame columns are provided between the bottom and middle structures, and between the top and middle structures. The middle structure has a large opening. The side walls have thickened areas, the position and length of which correspond to the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction. The vertical height of the thickened areas is equal to the vertical height of the side walls.

[0032] The various components connected together form a unified design that shares the load. To maximize the opening area in the central structure, the central slab at the opening section is directly eliminated, creating a spacious and tall space. This change in the structural system causes corresponding changes in the load on each component. The most significant change is that the load on the side walls within the area where the central slab is eliminated increases significantly, as does the load on the upper and lower side walls within the area where the central slab is eliminated. The load changes on other components are relatively minor. Structural calculations show that, except for the need to thicken the side walls corresponding to the large opening, the dimensions of other components can remain unchanged. This approach departs from the traditional model of using ring beams to reinforce the weakened central slab opening while keeping the overall frame system unchanged. Instead, it directly eliminates the central slab at the opening, prioritizing the overall structural safety and achieving structural optimization.

[0033] In addition, this underground space slab with large opening structure system is not only applicable to the single-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures, but also to the continuous multi-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures, or the discontinuous multi-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures, and the planar discontinuous multi-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 Plan view of the large opening structure system in the underground space provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view at point AA;

[0037] Figure 3 A plan view of the support replacement working condition during the construction stage provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at point BB;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the basic combined bending moment of the large-opening cross section in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the basic combined bending moment in a non-opening cross section for comparison with embodiments of this application.

[0041] In the diagram: 1. Base slab; 2. Bottom longitudinal beam; 3. Side wall; 4. Frame column; 5. Underground structural partition wall; 6. Middle slab; 7. Middle longitudinal beam; 8. Top slab; 9. Top longitudinal beam; 10. Passageway slab; 11. Hidden beam; 12. Hidden column; 13. Beam at the edge of the opening; 14. Enclosure structure; 15. Main structure already constructed; 16. Main structure not yet constructed; 17. Supports removed; 18. Supports not yet removed; 19. Replacement support; 20. Full-span scaffolding. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] This application provides a structural system and construction method for a large opening in an underground space slab, which solves the problem in related technologies that when the size requirement of the large opening in the atrium is too large, the maximum size of the ring frame beam in the remaining width space cannot meet the safety requirements in terms of strength and stiffness.

[0044] This application provides a structural system and construction method for a large opening in the middle slab of an underground space. It breaks away from the traditional mode of using ring beams to reinforce the weakened opening of the middle slab while keeping the overall frame system unchanged. Instead, it directly eliminates the middle slab at the opening and conducts an overall design based on the principle of overall structural safety, thereby optimizing the structural mode.

[0045] The structural system includes multiple base slabs 1, distributed laterally; adjacent base slabs 1 are connected by bottom longitudinal beams 2 to form a bottom structure; middle slabs 6, distributed laterally; adjacent middle slabs 6 are connected by middle longitudinal beams 7 to form a middle structure; top slabs 8, distributed laterally; adjacent top slabs 8 are connected by top longitudinal beams 9 to form a top structure; the bottom structure and the middle structure, as well as the top structure and the middle structure, are connected laterally on both sides by side walls 3, which can be understood as each underground space corresponding to one side wall 3; the bottom structure and the middle structure... Vertically extending frame columns 4 are provided between the structures, specifically between the top and middle structures. The middle structure has a large opening. The side walls 3 have thickened areas; specifically, the side walls 3 between the bottom of the middle structure and the bottom structure have both thickened and unthickened areas. The thickened areas correspond to the same longitudinal position and length as the large opening. The vertical height of the thickened areas is equal to the vertical height of the side wall 3. This can be understood as the portion corresponding to the large opening being thickened, while the remaining portions are not thickened and have the same thickness. The thickened areas are designed with uniform thickness. The bottom slab 1 is the lowest level of the underground structure, the top slab 8 is the uppermost level of the underground structure, and the middle slab 6 is the structure between the bottom slab 1 and the top slab 8 in the underground structure.

[0046] The overall structure formed by all the above components shares the load. To maximize the opening area of ​​the central slab, the portion of the central slab requiring the opening is directly eliminated, creating a spacious and tall space. This change in the structural system causes corresponding changes in the load on each component. The most significant change is that the load on the side walls within the area where the central slab is eliminated increases significantly, as does the load on the upper and lower side walls within the area where the central slab is eliminated. The load changes on other components are relatively minor. Structural calculations show that, except for the need to thicken the side walls corresponding to the large opening, the dimensions of other components can remain unchanged. This system maximizes the opening of the central slab, eliminating the need to consider the space of the ring beam, thus achieving a more magnificent effect for the atrium.

[0047] It is understandable that the overall structural system may also take the following forms:

[0048] The structural system includes a base plate 1, which is distributed laterally; adjacent base plates 1 are connected by bottom longitudinal beams 2 to form a bottom structure; a middle plate 6, which is divided into multiple layers; each layer of middle plates 6 is distributed laterally, and adjacent middle plates 6 in the same layer are connected by middle longitudinal beams 7 to form a middle structure; the multiple layers of middle structures are spaced vertically; a top plate 8, which is distributed laterally; adjacent top plates 8 are connected by top longitudinal beams 9 to form a top structure; and there are horizontal connections between the bottom structure and the middle structure, between the top structure and the middle structure, and between the middle structures. The two sides are connected by side walls 3; vertically extending frame columns 4 are provided between the bottom structure and the middle structure, between the top structure and the middle structure, and between the middle structures; wherein, at least one middle structure is provided with a large opening; the side wall 3 has a thickened area, that is, the side wall 3 between the middle structure with the large opening and the middle structure below it has a thickened area and a non-thickened area, the position and length of the thickened area in the longitudinal direction are the same as the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction; the vertical height of the thickened area is equal to the vertical height of the side wall 3.

[0049] The above description, by changing the system architecture and altering its overall stress, yields a new structural design, and solves the intractable problem of setting up ring frame beams in practical engineering at a relatively low cost.

[0050] This underground space slab with large opening structure system is applicable not only to the single-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures, but also to the multi-layer slab with large opening in multi-story underground structures.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the large opening in the multilayer middle plate has the following configuration:

[0052] The first type has large openings on all the middle structures, and the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap.

[0053] The second type involves multiple large openings in the middle structure that are not continuous in the vertical direction, with the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure completely overlapping, partially overlapping, or not overlapping.

[0054] The above two methods enable large openings in continuous multi-layer slabs or discontinuous multi-layer slabs in multi-story underground structures. They are also applicable to discontinuous multi-layer slabs in planar underground structures.

[0055] Furthermore, to ensure a smooth connection between the thickened area of ​​side wall 3 and the central structure, the following features are included:

[0056] The junction between the thickened and non-thickened areas of side wall 3 is connected by a concealed column 12 located within side wall 3; the thickness of the concealed column 12 is equal to the thickness of the thickened area of ​​side wall 3; the connection between the central structure and side wall 3 is achieved by a concealed beam 11, which is longitudinally positioned, while the concealed column 12 is vertically positioned and perpendicularly connected to the concealed beam 11. Hole edge beams 13 are provided on both sides of the large opening in the transverse direction, and these beams 13 are connected to some of the frame columns 4; the hole edge beams 13 extend laterally and are anchored into the concealed column 12.

[0057] In some preferred embodiments, the arrangement of the frame column 4 is described in detail:

[0058] The frame column 4 between the bottom and middle structures is connected to the central longitudinal beam 7 and the bottom longitudinal beam 2; the frame column 4 between the top and middle structures is connected to the central longitudinal beam 7 and the top longitudinal beam 9; the frame column 4 between the middle structures is connected to the central longitudinal beam 7; there is no central longitudinal beam 7 within the large opening area of ​​the middle structure. This arrangement makes the overall structural stress distribution more rational. Through this arrangement, restrictions are placed in both the vertical, horizontal, and longitudinal directions, thereby further enhancing the structural stability.

[0059] In some preferred embodiments, to facilitate longitudinal connection between the two sides of the underground structure, a passage plate 10 or a cantilever plate is provided on the thickened area of ​​the side wall 3.

[0060] This application also provides a key construction method for the underground space slab with large opening structure system corresponding to this patent:

[0061] The dimensions and reinforcement of each component of the underground space slab with a large opening structure system designed to meet the requirements of structural static calculation and seismic calculation are constructed; the formwork is erected from bottom to top for the structural backfilling construction.

[0062] It should be understood that during the calculation and design, the stress on the side walls in the area where the middle plate is removed increases significantly, the stress on the upper and lower side walls in the area where the middle plate is removed increases significantly, and the stress on the other components changes little; therefore, when necessary, the middle structure with a large opening and the side walls 3 above and below it are also provided with corresponding thickened areas, so as to thicken the structure from top to bottom and meet the stress requirements of the structure.

[0063] As the height of the side wall 3 corresponding to the large opening is too high, the side wall 3 is constructed in two stages. During the pouring of the side wall 3 in the thickened area, it is poured in two stages. After the first pouring is completed, a replacement support 19 is set for the poured part, and then the next pouring is carried out.

[0064] For details, please refer to the following: Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the support replacement working condition.

[0065] Figure 3The plan layout of the replacement support 19 is shown. Figure 4 The cross-sectional layout of the support replacement is shown in the middle.

[0066] The following is a specific application example:

[0067] Lingnan Square Station on Guangzhou Metro Line 12 is located in the middle of Yizhou Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, running east-west along the road. This station is a two-line interchange station, with the civil engineering of both lines designed and constructed simultaneously. The station platform is a double-island, four-track structure, with a standard section cross-section of a four-story, four-span reinforced concrete structure. The excavation pit is 276.2m long, 47.1m wide (standard section), and approximately 33-34m deep. The open-cut section of the pit was constructed using the open-cut method. The station enjoys a superior geographical location; its closest point to the Guangzhou Tower (a landmark) to the north is approximately 150m, to the Chigang Pagoda (a provincial-level cultural relic) to the west is approximately 55m, and to the Guangzhou Art Museum to the south is approximately 10m. The station is located on the north and south sides of the Lingnan Square underground space, which will be integrated with the station via an interface. The first basement level will house the east-west Yizhou Road urban road tunnel and a power tunnel. The second basement level will contain the Lingnan Square underground development space and the vehicular tunnels on the east and west sides of the square. The third basement level will be the station concourse and the planned APM tunnel. The fourth basement level will be the subway station platform. Due to the unique geographical location of the Lingnan Square subway station, the entire second basement level slab will be removed across four spans between axes 9 and 13, creating a large atrium (large opening). The atrium is a rectangular opening, 46.4m long, 44.3m wide, and 13.55m high. The side wall 3 of the atrium section is 1.4m thick, with the thickened area extending 1.5m longitudinally outward from the opening, and a concealed column 11 is installed within this 1.5m extension. A concealed beam 11, measuring 1.4m × 0.8m, is installed at the junction of the thickened side wall 3 and the upper / lower basement slab 6. 1.5m × 1.2m side beams 13 are installed at both ends of the atrium. Because the height of the side wall 3 within the atrium area reaches 13.55m, it was poured in two stages, and replacement supports 19 are installed. Replacement supports 19 use G235B steel pipes with a diameter of φ609mm, a wall thickness of t=16mm, and a horizontal spacing of 3.6m. After comprehensive static and dynamic calculations, the structural system is safe and reliable.

[0068] Figures 5-6 This is a schematic diagram of the bending moment calculation for the structure system with no opening in the middle plate and the large opening in this application. It is evident that the change in the structural system causes corresponding changes in the stress on each component; the most significant change is that the stress on the side walls within the area where the middle plate is removed increases significantly, as does the stress on the upper and lower side walls within the area where the middle plate is removed, while the stress changes on other components are relatively small. Structural calculations show that, except for the need to thicken the side walls corresponding to the large opening, the dimensions of other components can remain unchanged.

[0069] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0070] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0071] The foregoing is merely a list of specific embodiments of the present application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present application.

Claims

1. A large-opening slab structure system for underground spaces, characterized in that, It includes: The base plate (1) is distributed horizontally; The adjacent bottom plates (1) are connected by bottom longitudinal beams (2) to form the bottom structure; The middle plate (6) is distributed in the transverse direction; adjacent middle plates (6) are connected by a central longitudinal beam (7) to form a central structure; Top slab (8), which is distributed in the horizontal direction; adjacent top slabs (8) are connected by top longitudinal beams (9) to form a top structure; the bottom structure and the middle structure, and the top structure and the middle structure are connected in the horizontal direction by side walls (3); vertically extending frame columns (4) are provided between the bottom structure and the middle structure, and between the top structure and the middle structure. The central structure is provided with a large opening; the distance between the two sides of the large opening in the horizontal direction is equal to the distance between the two sides of the central structure in the horizontal direction, so that the edge of the large opening is close to the side wall (3); the side wall (3) has a thickened area, the position and length of the thickened area in the longitudinal direction are the same as the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction; the vertical height of the thickened area is equal to the vertical height of the side wall (3); The junction of the thickened area and the non-thickened area of ​​the side wall (3) is connected by a hidden column (12) located in the side wall (3), and the thickness of the hidden column (12) is equal to the thickness of the thickened area of ​​the side wall (3); the connection between the central structure and the side wall (3) is connected by a hidden beam (11), the hidden beam (11) is set longitudinally, the hidden column (12) is set vertically and is perpendicularly connected to the hidden beam (11); the side beams (13) are provided on the side of the holes of the middle plate on both sides of the large opening, and the side beams (13) are connected to some of the frame columns (4); the side beams (13) extend in the horizontal direction and are anchored into the hidden column (12).

2. A large-opening slab structure system for underground spaces, characterized in that, It includes: The base plate (1) is distributed horizontally; The adjacent bottom plates (1) are connected by bottom longitudinal beams (2) to form the bottom structure; The middle plate (6) is divided into multiple layers; each layer of middle plate (6) is distributed in the horizontal direction, and adjacent middle plates (6) in the same layer are connected by the central longitudinal beam (7) to form a middle structure; multiple middle structures are set up vertically. Top slabs (8) are distributed in the horizontal direction; adjacent top slabs (8) are connected by top longitudinal beams (9) to form a top structure; the bottom structure and the middle structure, the top structure and the middle structure, and the middle structure are connected in the horizontal direction by side walls (3); vertically extending frame columns (4) are provided between the bottom structure and the middle structure, between the top structure and the middle structure, and between the middle structure and the middle structure. In this embodiment, at least one of the central structures is provided with a large opening; the distance between the two sides of the large opening in the horizontal direction is equal to the distance between the two sides of the central structure in the horizontal direction, so that the edge of the large opening is close to the side wall (3); the side wall (3) has a thickened area, the position and length of the thickened area in the longitudinal direction are the same as the position and length of the large opening in the longitudinal direction; the vertical height of the thickened area is equal to the vertical height of the side wall (3); The junction of the thickened area and the non-thickened area of ​​the side wall (3) is connected by a hidden column (12) located in the side wall (3), and the thickness of the hidden column (12) is equal to the thickness of the thickened area of ​​the side wall (3); the connection between the central structure and the side wall (3) is connected by a hidden beam (11), the hidden beam (11) is set longitudinally, the hidden column (12) is set vertically and is perpendicularly connected to the hidden beam (11); the side beams (13) are provided on the side of the holes of the middle plate on both sides of the large opening, and the side beams (13) are connected to some of the frame columns (4); the side beams (13) extend in the horizontal direction and are anchored into the hidden column (12).

3. The underground space slab with large opening structure system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: All of the central structures are provided with large openings, and the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap.

4. The underground space slab with large opening structure system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In the vertical direction, the large openings of the multiple central structures are not discontinuously arranged, and the projections of two adjacent large openings on the bottom structure may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap.

5. The underground space slab with large opening structure system as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The frame column (4) between the bottom structure and the middle structure is connected to the middle longitudinal beam (7) and the bottom longitudinal beam (2); The frame column (4) between the top structure and the middle structure is connected to the middle longitudinal beam (7) and the top longitudinal beam (9); The frame columns (4) between the central structure and the central structure are connected to the central longitudinal beams (7).

6. The underground space slab with large opening structure system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickened area of ​​the side wall (3) is provided with a longitudinally arranged channel plate (10).

7. The underground space slab with large opening structure system as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The central longitudinal beam (7) is not present within the area of ​​the large opening in the central structure.

8. A construction method for a large-opening slab structure system in an underground space as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The dimensions and reinforcement of each component of the underground space slab with a large opening structure system designed to meet the requirements of structural static calculation and seismic calculation are constructed; the formwork is erected from bottom to top for the structural backfilling construction. In the process of pouring the side wall (3) of the thickened area, it is poured in two stages; after the first pour is completed, a replacement support (19) is set on the poured part, and then the next pour is carried out.

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